Automatic fire extinguishing device and method in coal mine

Abstract

The application discloses a coal mine underground automatic fire extinguishing device and method, relates to the technical field of coal mine underground fire extinguishing, and comprises the following parts: a frame rod, a plurality of groups of which are arranged at intervals in a roadway, and a gas conveying pipe and a water conveying pipe are extended and laid in the roadway; a plurality of valves and a triangular valve are arranged at intervals on the gas conveying pipe and the water conveying pipe, and the triangular valve is installed near the frame rod; a flow splitting assembly is arranged near the frame rod and is fixed in communication with the triangular valve; a plurality of mounting plates are arranged and fixed on the frame rod; a spraying assembly is fixedly installed on the mounting plate in correspondence, and the spraying assembly is connected with the flow splitting assembly through a hose; and the device and method are used for the case that combustible materials are sufficient in the mine, the fire is easy to get out of control, and the environment is narrow and the fire is easy to spread, and can provide a higher adaptation degree of fire extinguishing device and method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground fire extinguishing technology in coal mines, specifically to automatic underground fire extinguishing devices and methods. Background Technology

[0002] In terms of the current situation of coal mining, there are two main causes of fires. External causes include violations or malfunctions of machinery and facilities, while internal causes include spontaneous combustion of coal. Poor ventilation in the mine lowers the spontaneous combustion point of coal, and rising temperatures cause spontaneous combustion. Current measures to prevent coal seams include ground-based monitoring, mud grouting, and nitrogen injection. However, while these measures can reduce the occurrence of fires in coal mines, they cannot prevent them entirely.

[0003] Coal mine fires typically occur near the mine entrance or within the coal seam. Similar to other fires, they require three essential elements: air, combustibles, and an ignition source. Underground mines have ample combustibles, but the air content varies depending on the ventilation system. When an ignition source is present, sufficient air can easily cause the fire to spiral out of control. Furthermore, the confined environment of underground mines makes it easy for fires to spread, leading to complex changes and even explosions. Conventional firefighting devices and methods are not adequately suited to these conditions, resulting in ineffective fire suppression.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide automatic fire extinguishing devices and methods for underground coal mines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: an automatic fire extinguishing device and method for underground coal mines, comprising:

[0006] The poles are arranged in multiple sets at intervals in the tunnel, and gas and water pipes are laid out in the tunnel.

[0007] Multiple valves and angle valves are arranged at intervals on the gas pipeline and water pipeline, and the angle valves are installed near the support pole;

[0008] A diversion assembly is disposed near the support pole, and the diversion assembly is connected and fixed to the triangular valve;

[0009] Install the support plates, which are arranged in multiple ways and fixedly mounted on the frame pole;

[0010] The spray assembly is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, and the spray assembly is connected to the diversion assembly via a hose.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the diversion assembly includes a gas delivery assembly and a liquid delivery assembly. The gas delivery assembly consists of a gas distribution pipe, and a solenoid valve, a gas flow meter, a pressure gauge, and an exhaust port that are installed at intervals on the gas distribution pipe. The gas distribution pipe has a gas delivery port at one end near the solenoid valve, and the gas delivery port is connected to the gas delivery pipe via a flexible hose through the triangular valve.

[0012] The infusion assembly consists of a distribution pipe, an auxiliary water pump, a liquid flow meter, a hydraulic gauge, and a drain port that are installed at intervals on the distribution pipe. The auxiliary water pump is equipped with an infusion port, which is connected to the water supply pipe via a flexible hose and a triangular valve.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, each of the diversion components corresponds to a single spray component, and both the exhaust port and the drain port are connected to the spray component via hoses.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably, the spray assembly includes:

[0015] A fixing frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and a water source connector is fixedly installed on the fixing frame;

[0016] An adjustment component is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame, and an air source connector is fixedly connected to the adjustment component.

[0017] The spray head is fixedly mounted on the adjustment assembly, and the spray head is provided with a water source interface and an air source interface.

[0018] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the water source interface, water source connector, and drain outlet are connected sequentially via flexible hoses, and the air source interface, air source connector, and exhaust outlet are connected sequentially via flexible hoses, wherein the air source connector is a T-connector.

[0019] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a flat nozzle is installed at the outlet position of the spray head.

[0020] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the adjustment assembly includes a fixed plate, a movable plate, and a rotating column, wherein the fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame, and the movable plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate via the rotating column, wherein the movable plate is used to fix the spray head, and the fixed plate is used to fix the air source connector.

[0021] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the adjusting assembly further includes a piston, a movable rod, a return spring, and a protruding pin; the fixed plate has an air chamber corresponding to the output end of the air source connector; and the piston is slidably disposed within the air chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the movable rod is fixedly mounted on the end of the piston away from the gas source connector by the reset spring, the movable rod is slidably mounted on the fixed plate, and the two ends of the reset spring abut against the piston end face and the gas chamber end face respectively;

[0023] The protrusion is vertically fixed on the movable rod, and the fixed plate has a movable space that allows the protrusion to slide along the movable rod.

[0024] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the rotating column and the movable rod are located in the same vertical plane, and the surface of the rotating column is provided with a track groove corresponding to the movable rod, with the lower end of the protruding column extending into the track groove.

[0025] Automatic fire extinguishing methods in underground coal mines include the following steps:

[0026] Ⅰ. The fire extinguishing device located downstream of the fire wind direction controls the operation of the auxiliary water pump and solenoid valve to deliver a mixture of nitrogen and inhibitor to the spray assembly. The mixture is sprayed out through the spray head to form a water mist. The air pressure is adjusted to the maximum value so that the spray head reaches the maximum deflection angle. The hydraulic pressure of the mixture is adjusted to the maximum value so that the mist flux reaches the maximum. At this time, the droplet size is two-dimensional. Downstream of the fire point in the tunnel, the fine water mist curtain is sprayed in reverse at high speed, impacting the smoke, entraining the smoke to sink, and cooling the hot air, slowing the spread of the fire, and forming a soft barrier.

[0027] II. Fire extinguishing devices near and covering the fire area also control the operation of auxiliary water pumps and solenoid valves. The difference is that the spray head deflection angle is adjusted by adjusting the air pressure value so that the fine water mist directly covers the fire source. In addition, the hydraulic pressure of the mixture is adjusted within the standard range of the droplet size reaching level two so that the fine water mist absorbs heat and vaporizes, reducing the heat of the fire source and lowering the temperature. At the same time, nitrogen reduces the oxygen concentration near the fire source, reducing the combustion rate.

[0028] III. In addition, the combustion rate increases with the increase of wind speed, and the corresponding heat release is faster, and the time required for extinguishing the fire is longer. Therefore, the fire extinguishing device upstream of the fire wind direction sprays high-speed fine water mist to form a fog curtain. Specifically, the operation of the auxiliary water pump and solenoid valve is controlled to adjust the air pressure to the maximum value so that the spray head reaches the maximum deflection angle. The hydraulic pressure of the mixed liquid is adjusted so that the droplet size is first-class, which increases the droplet momentum. The specific effect is that the oxygen concentration in the air mixed with nitrogen and droplets is reduced. At the same time, the reverse spray slows down the wind speed. In addition, the droplet size is first-class and it flows further with the wind in the air. After passing the fire source, it also absorbs heat and vaporizes. Moreover, the inhibitor falls on the surface of the combustible material to isolate the combustible material from the contact with oxygen, thus achieving the effect of fire prevention and fire extinguishing.

[0029] IV. Based on the characteristics of the fire, the spray head deflection is flexibly adjusted upstream and downstream of the fire source and near the fire source, and the air pressure and hydraulic pressure are controlled to adjust the droplet size level. The fire is extinguished by using a mixture of nitrogen and a barrier agent.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the automatic fire extinguishing device and method provided in this application for underground coal mines have the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. In this application, water containing inhibitors is atomized using the excellent flow and diffusion properties of nitrogen. At the same time, the water containing inhibitors diffuses and extinguishes fire with the help of nitrogen as a carrier. The gas pipeline and water pipeline utilize the existing underground nitrogen injection system and water supply system. An interface is set on the gas pipeline and water pipeline through a triangular valve. The water source and nitrogen gas split from the gas pipeline and water pipeline are controlled by a diversion component to enter the matching spray component, so that the spray component can form a fog curtain in the roadway cross section and extinguish fire when a fire occurs.

[0032] 2. In this application, based on the main characteristic parameters affecting the effect of fine water mist, such as fog flux, fog momentum, fog droplet velocity and particle size distribution, as well as the characteristics of coal mine fires, the spray assembly is adjusted to control the direction of the fog curtain, and the diversion assembly is adjusted to regulate the water mist to maximize the fire extinguishing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic fire extinguishing system in an underground coal mine.

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the diversion component structure of an automatic fire extinguishing device in an underground coal mine.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the spray assembly structure of an automatic fire extinguishing device in an underground coal mine.

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the spray head structure of an automatic fire extinguishing device in an underground coal mine.

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the regulating component of an automatic fire extinguishing device in an underground coal mine.

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the regulating component of an automatic fire extinguishing device in an underground coal mine.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Frame pole; 2. Gas supply pipe; 3. Water supply pipe; 4. Valve; 5. Angle valve; 6. Diverter assembly; 61. Gas supply assembly; 611. Gas distribution pipe; 612. Gas inlet; 613. Solenoid valve; 614. Gas flow meter; 615. Pressure gauge; 616. Exhaust port; 62. Liquid supply assembly; 621. Liquid distribution pipe; 622. Auxiliary water pump; 623. Liquid inlet; 624. Liquid flow meter; 625. Hydraulic gauge; 626. 7. Drainage port; 8. Mounting plate; 9. Spray assembly; 10. Fixing bracket; 11. Water source connector; 2. Air source connector; 3. Adjustment assembly; 4. Fixing plate; 5. Movable plate; 6. Rotating column; 7. Air chamber; 845. Piston; 846. Movable rod; 847. Return spring; 848. Protruding column; 849. Track groove; 85. Spray head; 851. Water source interface; 852. Air source interface; 853. Flat nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Please see Figure 1-6 In this application embodiment, the automatic fire extinguishing device and method for underground coal mines includes:

[0042] The support pole 1 is arranged in multiple sets at intervals in the roadway, and the gas pipeline 2 and water pipeline 3 are laid out in the roadway.

[0043] Multiple valves 4 and angle valves 5 are arranged at intervals on the gas pipeline 2 and water pipeline 3, and the angle valves 5 are installed near the support rod 1;

[0044] The diversion component 6 is located near the support pole 1, and the diversion component 6 is connected and fixed to the triangular valve 5;

[0045] Multiple mounting plates 7 are arranged and fixedly installed on the frame pole 1;

[0046] The spray assembly 8 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 7, and the spray assembly 8 is connected to the diversion assembly 6 via a hose.

[0047] It should be explained that the working principle of this application is that water containing inhibitors is atomized by the good flow and diffusion properties of nitrogen gas, while water containing inhibitors diffuses and extinguishes fire with the help of nitrogen gas as a carrier. Gas pipeline 2 and water pipeline 3 utilize the existing downhole nitrogen injection system and water supply system.

[0048] An interface is set on the gas supply pipe 2 and water supply pipe 3 through the angle valve 5. The water source and nitrogen gas split from the gas supply pipe 2 and water supply pipe 3 are controlled by the diversion component 6 to enter the matching spray component 8, so that the spray component 8 can form a fog curtain in the tunnel section and extinguish the fire when a fire occurs.

[0049] Furthermore, based on this, the spray assembly 8 is adjusted and the fog curtain orientation is controlled according to the main characteristic parameters affecting the effect of fine water mist, such as fog flux, fog momentum, fog droplet velocity and particle size distribution, as well as the characteristics of coal mine fires. The diversion assembly 6 is also adjusted to regulate the water mist to maximize the fire extinguishing effect.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 The diversion assembly 6 includes a gas delivery assembly 61 and a liquid delivery assembly 62. The gas delivery assembly 61 consists of a gas distribution pipe 611, and a solenoid valve 613, a gas flow meter 614, a pressure gauge 615, and an exhaust port 616 installed at intervals on the gas distribution pipe 611. The gas distribution pipe 611 has a gas delivery port 612 at one end near the solenoid valve 613. The gas delivery port 612 is connected to the gas delivery pipe 2 via a flexible hose to the triangular valve 5. Specifically, the solenoid valve 613 can control the on / off of nitrogen delivery and the nitrogen delivery pressure. In addition, the gas flow meter 614 and the pressure gauge 615 collect information on the flow of nitrogen and the change in pressure value.

[0051] The infusion assembly 62 consists of a distribution pipe 621, and an auxiliary water pump 622, a liquid flow meter 624, a hydraulic gauge 625, and a drain port 626, which are installed at intervals on the distribution pipe 621. The auxiliary water pump 622 is provided with an infusion port 623, which is connected to the water supply pipe 3 via a flexible hose through the triangular valve 5. Specifically, the auxiliary water pump 622 can control the on / off delivery of the mixture composed of inhibitor and water and adjust the hydraulic pressure of the mixture. In addition, the liquid flow meter 624 and the hydraulic gauge 625 collect information on the flow rate of the mixture and the hydraulic pressure value, respectively, to facilitate the adjustment of the auxiliary water pump 622.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, each of the diversion components 6 corresponds to a single spray component 8, and both the exhaust port 616 and the drain port 626 are connected to the spray component 8 via hoses.

[0053] It should be explained that the fine water mist is generated by high-pressure water spraying from a nozzle. Based on the size of the droplets and their volume content (cumulative proportion), the fine water mist is divided into three levels from small to large. The minimum diameter of the first-level droplets is less than 100μm, the minimum diameter of the second-level droplets is 100μm-200μm, and the larger second-level water mist particles can easily generate a large flow rate and easily wet the combustibles. The minimum diameter of the third-level fine water mist is greater than 200μm. The specific droplet size is adjusted by controlling the pressure of the mixed liquid and nitrogen gas through the auxiliary water pump 622 and the solenoid valve 613 to adapt to different situations.

[0054] The main characteristic parameters affecting the effectiveness of fine water mist are explained below:

[0055] Droplet size: is influenced by the overall injection pressure and fluctuates within a certain range.

[0056] Fog flux: refers to (the total volume of fine water mist droplets passing through a unit area per unit time). This parameter affects the amount of heat absorbed and vaporized by the fine water mist droplets, and affects the interaction process between the fine water mist and the flame. Generally, the larger the fog flux, the more obvious the attenuation of heat radiation and the temperature blocking effect.

[0057] Droplet momentum: Droplet velocity is negatively correlated with droplet size. The smaller the droplet size, the farther the jet travels, and the more significant the impact on the ground and the entrainment effect of the smoke.

[0058] Specifically targeting air pressure P 气 and water pressure P 水 The effects of these changes on droplet characteristics are listed in the table below:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] The above droplet sizes are the same as the air pressure P 气 It shows a negative correlation with water pressure P. 水 There is a positive correlation between fog flux and water pressure P. 水 The relationship between droplet velocity and atmospheric pressure P is positive and related. 气 and water pressure P 水 All showed a positive correlation.

[0062] In this embodiment, as Figure 3-4 The spray assembly 8 includes:

[0063] The fixing frame 81 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 7, and a water source connector 82 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 81;

[0064] An adjustment component 84 is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame 81, and an air source connector 83 is fixedly connected to the adjustment component 84.

[0065] The spray head 85 is fixedly mounted on the adjustment assembly 84, and the spray head 85 is provided with a water source interface 851 and an air source interface 852.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the water source interface 851, water source connector 82, and drain port 626 are connected sequentially via hoses, and the air source interface 852, air source connector 83, and exhaust port 616 are connected sequentially via hoses. The air source connector 83 is a three-way connector, and there are two specific nitrogen flow directions: one is to provide driving force to the flow direction adjustment component 84, and the other is to atomize the mixture into a fog screen via the flow direction spray head 85.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, a flat nozzle 853 is installed at the outlet position of the spray head 85. Specifically, the flat nozzle 853 can effectively control the formation of a fog curtain from the water mist, and the fog curtain appears in a way that cuts off the roadway.

[0068] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 The adjustment assembly 84 includes a fixed plate 841, a movable plate 842, and a rotating column 843. The fixed plate 841 is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame 81, and the movable plate 842 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 841 via the rotating column 843. The movable plate 842 is used to fix the spray head 85, and the fixed plate 841 is fixed with an air source connector 83.

[0069] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 The adjustment assembly 84 also includes a piston 845, a movable rod 846, a return spring 847 and a protrusion 848. The fixed plate 841 has an air chamber 844 corresponding to the output end of the air source connector 83. The piston 845 is slidably disposed in the air chamber 844.

[0070] Furthermore, the movable rod 846 is sleeved with the reset spring 847 and fixedly disposed at one end of the piston 845 away from the air source connector 83. The movable rod 846 is slidably disposed on the fixed plate 841. The two ends of the reset spring 847 respectively abut against the end face of the piston 845 and the end face of the air chamber 844.

[0071] The protruding post 848 is vertically fixed on the movable rod 846, and the fixed plate 841 has a movable space that allows the protruding post 848 to slide along the movable rod 846.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating column 843 and the movable rod 846 are located in the same vertical plane, and the surface of the rotating column 843 is provided with a track groove 849 corresponding to the movable rod 846, and the lower end of the protruding column 848 extends into the track groove 849.

[0073] It needs to be explained that when nitrogen enters the gas chamber 844, it will cause the piston 845 and the movable rod 846 to slide, and the corresponding protrusion 848 will slide accordingly. Through the interaction between the protrusion 848 and the track groove 849, the rotating column 843, the movable plate 842 and the spray head 85 are controlled to rotate. Specifically, the gas pressure of the gas chamber 844 is controlled by the solenoid valve 613, which in turn controls the direction of the spray head 85, that is, controls the tilt angle and direction of the fog curtain, and the tilt direction of the fog curtain is against the wind direction of the tunnel.

[0074] Automatic fire extinguishing methods in underground coal mines include the following steps:

[0075] I. The fire extinguishing device located downstream of the fire wind direction controls the operation of the auxiliary water pump 622 and the solenoid valve 613 to deliver a mixture of nitrogen and inhibitor to the spray assembly 8. The mixture is sprayed out through the spray head 85 to form a water mist. The air pressure is adjusted to the maximum value so that the spray head 85 reaches the maximum deflection angle. The hydraulic pressure of the mixture is adjusted to the maximum value so that the mist flux reaches the maximum. At this time, the droplet size is secondary. Downstream of the fire point in the tunnel, the fine water mist is sprayed in reverse at high speed, impacting the smoke, entraining the smoke to sink, and cooling the hot air, slowing the spread of the fire, and forming a soft barrier.

[0076] II. Fire extinguishing devices near and covering the fire area also control the operation of auxiliary water pump 622 and solenoid valve 613. The difference is that the spray head 85 deflection angle is adjusted by adjusting the air pressure value so that the fine water mist directly covers the fire source. Moreover, the hydraulic pressure of the mixed liquid is adjusted within the standard range of the droplet size reaching level two so that the fine water mist absorbs heat and vaporizes, reducing the heat of the fire source and lowering the temperature. At the same time, nitrogen reduces the oxygen concentration near the fire source and reduces the combustion rate.

[0077] III. In addition, the combustion rate increases with the increase of wind speed, and the corresponding heat release is faster, and the time required for extinguishing the fire is longer. Therefore, the fire extinguishing device upstream of the fire wind direction sprays high-speed fine water mist to form a fog curtain. Specifically, the auxiliary water pump 622 and solenoid valve 613 are controlled to operate, and the air pressure is adjusted to the maximum value so that the spray head 85 reaches the maximum deflection angle. The hydraulic pressure of the mixed liquid is adjusted so that the droplet size is first-class, which increases the droplet momentum. The specific effect is that the oxygen concentration in the air mixed with nitrogen and droplets is reduced. At the same time, the reverse spray slows down the wind speed. In addition, the droplet size is first-class and flows further with the wind in the air. After passing the fire source, it also absorbs heat and vaporizes. The inhibitor falls on the surface of the combustible material to isolate the combustible material from the contact with oxygen, thus achieving the effect of fire prevention and fire extinguishing.

[0078] IV. Based on the characteristics of the fire, the spray head can be flexibly adjusted 85 degrees upstream and downstream of the fire source and near the fire source, and the air pressure and hydraulic pressure can be controlled to adjust the droplet size level. The fire can be extinguished by using a mixture of nitrogen and a barrier agent.

[0079] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, based on the technical solution and application concept of this application, should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic fire extinguishing device for underground coal mines, characterized in that: include: The frame pole (1) is arranged in multiple sets at intervals in the roadway, and the gas pipeline (2) and water pipeline (3) are laid out in the roadway. Multiple valves (4) and angle valves (5) are arranged at intervals on the gas pipe (2) and water pipe (3), and the angle valves (5) are installed near the support rod (1); A diversion assembly (6) is disposed near the support pole (1), and the diversion assembly (6) is connected and fixed to the angle valve (5); Install the support plate (7), which is arranged in multiple ways and fixedly installed on the frame pole (1); The spray assembly (8) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (7), and the spray assembly (8) is connected to the diversion assembly (6) via a hose; The diversion assembly (6) includes a gas delivery assembly (61) and a liquid delivery assembly (62). The gas delivery assembly (61) includes a gas distribution pipe (611) and a solenoid valve (613) and an exhaust port (616) installed at intervals on the gas distribution pipe (611). The infusion assembly (62) includes a dispensing pipe (621) and an auxiliary water pump (622) and a drain port (626) installed at intervals on the dispensing pipe (621); The spray assembly (8) includes: The fixing frame (81) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (7), and a water source connector (82) is fixedly installed on the fixing frame (81); An adjustment component (84) is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame (81), and an air source connector (83) is fixedly connected to the adjustment component (84); A spray head (85) is fixedly mounted on the adjustment assembly (84), and the spray head (85) is provided with a water source interface (851) and an air source interface (852); The adjustment assembly (84) includes a fixed plate (841), a movable plate (842), and a rotating column (843), wherein the fixed plate (841) is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame (81), and the movable plate (842) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (841) via the rotating column (843), wherein the movable plate (842) is used to fix the spray head (85), and the fixed plate (841) is fixed with an air source connector (83); The adjustment assembly (84) further includes a piston (845), a movable rod (846), a return spring (847), and a protrusion (848). The fixed plate (841) has an air chamber (844) corresponding to the output end of the air source connector (83). The piston (845) is slidably disposed in the air chamber (844). Furthermore, the movable rod (846) is sleeved with a reset spring (847) and fixedly positioned at one end of the piston (845) away from the air source connector (83). The movable rod (846) is slidably mounted on the fixed plate (841). The two ends of the reset spring (847) abut against the end face of the piston (845) and the end face of the air chamber (844), respectively. The protruding post (848) is vertically fixed on the movable rod (846), and the fixed plate (841) has an active space that allows the protruding post (848) to slide along the movable rod (846); The rotating column (843) and the movable rod (846) are located in the same vertical plane, and the surface of the rotating column (843) is provided with a track groove (849) corresponding to the movable rod (846), and the lower end of the protruding column (848) extends into the track groove (849); The water source interface (851), water source connector (82) and drain port (626) are connected in sequence via hoses, and the air source interface (852), air source connector (83) and exhaust port (616) are connected in sequence via hoses, wherein the air source connector (83) is a three-way connector.

2. The automatic fire extinguishing device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas delivery assembly (61) also includes a gas flow meter (614) and a pressure gauge (615) located between the solenoid valve (613) and the exhaust port (616). The gas distribution pipe (611) has a gas delivery port (612) at one end near the solenoid valve (613). The gas delivery port (612) is connected to the gas delivery pipe (2) via a flexible hose to the triangular valve (5). The infusion assembly (62) also includes a liquid flow meter (624) and a hydraulic gauge (625) located between the auxiliary water pump (622) and the drain port (626). The auxiliary water pump (622) is provided with an infusion port (623), which is connected to the water pipe (3) via a hose to the triangular valve (5).

3. The automatic fire extinguishing device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the diversion components (6) corresponds to a single spray component (8), and both the exhaust port (616) and the drain port (626) are connected to the spray component (8) via hoses.

4. The automatic fire extinguishing device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flat nozzle (853) is installed at the outlet position of the spray head (85).

5. An automatic fire extinguishing method for underground coal mines, comprising using the automatic fire extinguishing device for underground coal mines as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: I. The fire extinguishing device located downstream of the fire wind direction controls the operation of the auxiliary water pump (622) and the solenoid valve (613) to deliver nitrogen and a mixture containing inhibitor to the spray assembly (8), which is sprayed out through the spray head (85) to form water mist. The air pressure is adjusted to the maximum value so that the spray head (85) reaches the maximum deflection angle. The hydraulic pressure of the mixture is adjusted to the maximum value so that the mist flux reaches the maximum. At this time, the droplet size is secondary. Downstream of the fire point in the roadway, the fine water mist is sprayed in reverse at high speed, impacting the smoke, entraining the smoke to sink, and cooling the hot air, slowing the spread of the fire, and forming a soft barrier. II. Fire extinguishing devices near the fire and covering the fire area also control the operation of auxiliary water pump (622) and solenoid valve (613). The difference is that the deflection angle of the spray head (85) is adjusted by adjusting the air pressure value so that the fine water mist directly covers the fire source. Moreover, the hydraulic pressure of the mixed liquid is adjusted within the standard range of the droplet size reaching level two so that the fine water mist absorbs heat and vaporizes, reducing the heat of the fire source and lowering the temperature. At the same time, nitrogen reduces the oxygen concentration near the fire source and reduces the combustion rate. III. In addition, the combustion rate increases with the increase of wind speed, and the corresponding heat release is faster and the time required for extinguishing the fire is longer. Therefore, in the fire extinguishing device upstream of the fire wind direction, high-speed spray fine water mist forms a fog curtain. Specifically, the auxiliary water pump (622) and solenoid valve (613) are controlled to operate, and the air pressure is adjusted to the maximum value so that the spray head (85) reaches the maximum deflection angle. The hydraulic pressure of the mixed liquid is adjusted so that the droplet size is first-class, and the droplet momentum is increased. The specific effect is that the oxygen concentration in the air mixed with nitrogen and droplets is reduced. At the same time, the reverse spraying slows down the wind speed. In addition, the droplet size is first-class and it flows further with the wind in the air. After passing the fire source, it also absorbs heat and vaporizes. The inhibitor falls on the surface of the combustible material to block the contact between the combustible material and oxygen, thus achieving the effect of fire prevention and fire extinguishing. IV. The above-mentioned spray head (85) deflection is flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the fire, upstream and downstream of the fire source and near the fire source, and the air pressure and hydraulic pressure are controlled to adjust the droplet size level. The fire is extinguished with the help of nitrogen and a mixture containing a barrier agent. According to the size and volume content of the droplets, the fine water mist is divided into three levels from small to large. The minimum diameter of the first-level droplets is less than 100μm, the minimum diameter of the second-level droplets is 100μm-200μm, and the minimum diameter of the third-level fine water mist droplets is greater than 200μm.

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