Electrostatic precipitator hopper anti-blocking gasification ash conveying system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electric precipitator ash hopper anti-blocking gasification ash conveying systems, belong to pneumatic ash conveying technical field, including multiple mutually parallel ash hopper gasification fan, each ash hopper gasification fan is connected with ash hopper gasification wind main pipe first end, still include heater parallel device and ash hopper body;Heater parallel device includes mutually parallel ash hopper gasification electric heater, gasification wind electric heater bypass door and cold air steam heater;The inlet end of gasification wind electric heater is provided with gasification wind electric heater import door, and the outlet end of gasification wind electric heater is provided with gasification wind electric heater export door;The inlet end of cold air steam heater is provided with steam heater import door, and the outlet end of cold air steam heater is provided with steam heater export door.The present application uses steam heating air to replace electric heater, greatly save the electric energy consumed by electric heater, reduce the unit auxiliary power rate, improve the unit economic benefit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper, belonging to the field of pneumatic ash conveying technology. Background Technology

[0002] Electrostatic precipitators in thermal power plants are devices that separate and collect dust from flue gas using electrostatic force. The dust is then transported to the ash silo using a pneumatic conveying system, thus removing the dust. To prevent fly ash from caking and causing blockages at the ash discharge port and hindering ash conveying, the pneumatic conveying system is often equipped with an ash hopper aeration fan and heater to keep the fly ash in the ash hopper dry and loose, preventing caking.

[0003] In existing technologies, the ash hopper gasification air system is constantly running, with the electric heater and gasification fan operating at full load, resulting in high energy consumption and impacting the unit's economic efficiency. Furthermore, the gasification air electric heater lacks a backup. During malfunctions, and in southern climates with high humidity or low winter temperatures, air containing moisture is blown into the ash hopper, increasing the ash's viscosity, flow resistance, and fluidity. This leads to fly ash caking, blockage of the ash discharge port, poor ash conveying, and low electrostatic precipitator efficiency. In severe cases, there is a risk of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper collapsing.

[0004] A hot flue gas heating device for ash hopper gasification air disclosed in Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN210088899U includes an electrostatic precipitator connected to the boiler outlet flue and equipped with an induced draft fan, and an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper connected to the electrostatic precipitator for collecting the removed flue gas. The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper is connected to the ash hopper through an electric heater, and the ash hopper gasification air generated in the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper is electrically heated and then enters the ash hopper.

[0005] The above-mentioned reference example uses electrostatic precipitators for heating, which consumes a huge amount of electricity during use. Moreover, when air containing moisture is blown into the ash hopper, the electricity consumption is further increased, and it cannot solve problems such as clogging of the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper. Therefore, it is urgent to improve it. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of existing gasification air heaters, such as high power consumption during heating and low dust removal efficiency when there is a lot of water vapor in the ash hopper, this invention designs an anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for electrostatic precipitators. This system uses steam to heat the air instead of electric heaters, which greatly saves the power consumed by electric heaters, reduces the plant power consumption rate, and improves the economic efficiency of the unit.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator hopper includes multiple hopper gasification blowers connected in parallel, each blower connected to the beginning of a hopper gasification air header. It also includes a heater parallel connection device connected in series on the hopper gasification air header and a hopper body connected in series at the end of the header. The heater parallel connection device includes a gasification air electric heater, a gasification air electric heater bypass valve, and a cold air steam heater connected in parallel. The inlet end of the gasification air electric heater is equipped with a gasification air electric heater inlet valve. The outlet end is equipped with a gasification air electric heater outlet gate; the inlet end of the cold air steam heater is equipped with a steam heater inlet gate, and the outlet end of the cold air steam heater is equipped with a steam heater outlet gate; one end of the cold air steam heater is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing steam header, and the other end is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing drain header; a temperature sensor is installed on the ash hopper gasification air header at the rear end of the heater parallel device, and a gasification air pneumatic regulating gate is installed at the rear end of the temperature sensor; both the temperature sensor and the gasification air pneumatic regulating gate are externally connected to a host computer.

[0009] Furthermore, the ash hopper heat tracing steam header is equipped with a manual steam heater supply valve and an electric steam heater supply regulating valve that are sequentially close to the cold air steam heater; the ash hopper heat tracing drain header is equipped with a manual steam heater drain valve in front of the steam heater drain, a steam heater drain, a manual steam heater drain valve in front of the steam heater drain, and a main steam heater drain isolation valve that are sequentially far away from the cold air steam heater.

[0010] Furthermore, the ash hopper heat tracing drain header is equipped with a steam heater drain bypass valve that is connected in parallel with the manual valve before the steam heater drain, the steam heater drain, and the manual valve after the steam heater drain.

[0011] Furthermore, the ash hopper body is equipped with a scraping mechanism for scraping fly ash. The scraping mechanism includes a fixed box, a gear transmission mechanism, and scraping claws. The fixed box is fixed inside the ash hopper body. The fixed box is connected to a rotating rod via a bevel gear drive mechanism. The bottom end of the rotating rod passes through the fixed box and is symmetrically connected to at least one pair of scraping claws. One side of the scraping claws is set against the inner wall of the ash hopper body. The gear transmission mechanism is used to drive the scraping claws to rotate in coordination with the rotation of the rotating rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the gear transmission mechanism includes a gear adjustment assembly sleeved on the rotating rod and a plurality of driven gears cooperating with the gear adjustment assembly. Each driven gear is connected to a corresponding scraper claw with a connecting post. A rotating collar is rotatably sleeved on the connecting post. A connecting rod is fixed to the side of the rotating collar, and the free end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the gear adjustment assembly includes a sliding column fixed to the bottom of the fixed box and rotatably sleeved with the rotating rod, a sleeve column slidably sleeved on the outside of the sliding column, and a clamping plate, an upper fixed gear, and a lower fixed gear fixedly sleeved on the outside of the sleeve column from top to bottom. The upper fixed gear and the lower fixed gear have different diameters. The driven gear includes an upper rotating gear and a lower rotating gear fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connecting column from top to bottom at intervals. The upper fixed gear corresponds to the upper rotating gear, and the lower fixed gear corresponds to the lower rotating gear. The upper fixed gear and the upper rotating gear, and the lower fixed gear and the lower rotating gear cannot be in a meshing state at the same time. A lifting mechanism for changing the meshing state of the gear adjustment assembly is installed on the side of the clamping plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a drive motor and a U-shaped clamping block. The clamping plate is engaged in the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped clamping block. A hinged arm is rotatably connected to the side of the U-shaped clamping block away from the clamping plate. A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the free end of the hinged arm away from the clamping plate. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the drive motor after passing through a fixed block fixed inside the ash hopper body.

[0015] Furthermore, the ash hopper body is also provided with a clearing mechanism for clearing the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper body. The clearing mechanism includes a clearing rod and a push-pull rotating mechanism for driving the clearing rod to move up and down and rotate. The clearing rod is movably inserted through the rotating rod, and the bottom end of the clearing rod is located directly above the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper body. The push-pull rotating mechanism is located at the upper end of the scraping mechanism and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ash hopper body.

[0016] Furthermore, the push-pull rotating mechanism includes a limiting platform and a push-pull plate arranged parallel to each other at intervals. A track plate and a push-pull column, both driven by a starter motor fixed inside the ash hopper body, are rotatably mounted on the top of the limiting platform. The track plate is located at the bottom of the push-pull column, and an annular swing groove is provided at the bottom of the track plate. An annular push-pull groove is provided on the side of the push-pull column. A push-pull rod is fixedly connected to one end of the push-pull plate. The top of the push-pull rod slides through the limiting platform and is vertically fixedly connected to a locking rod. The free end of the locking rod is movably locked within the annular push-pull groove. The unblocking rod is rotatably passed through the other end of the push-pull plate, and a toggle rod is slidably sleeved on the top of the unblocking rod. A swing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the toggle rod, and the top of the free end of the swing plate is movably locked within the annular swing groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the interior of the cold air steam heater uses a steel-aluminum composite finned tube.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention integrates a cold air steam heater into the gasification air electric heater pipeline, so that the air drawn in by the gasification blower is heated by the cold air steam heater to form 100°C gasification air, which is then blown into the ash hopper gasification air main pipe. By using steam to heat the air instead of an electric heater, the power consumption of the electric heater is greatly reduced, the plant power consumption rate of the unit is reduced, and the economic efficiency of the unit is improved.

[0020] 2. This invention achieves the recycling and reuse of ash hopper heating steam, as well as the recovery and reuse of ash hopper heating condensate and cold air steam heater condensate, greatly saving water resources and meeting the requirements of power plant water management for water conservation and reduced discharge. At the same time, the electric regulating valve for cold air steam heater automatically adjusts the valve opening according to the temperature change of the temperature sensor on the gasification air header, thereby regulating the steam intake of the cold air steam heater, which not only saves steam consumption and reduces heat loss, but also ensures that the temperature of the gasification air header is not lower than 100°C.

[0021] 3. This invention, by setting up a scraping mechanism, drives the rotating block to rotate by rotating the rotating rod. The rotation of the rotating block drives the connecting rod to rotate, which in turn drives the driven gear to rotate around the rotating rod. Since the driven gear and the gear adjusting component mesh with each other, the driven gear will also rotate on its own axis under the action of the rotation of the driven gear, which in turn drives the connecting column to rotate. The connecting column then drives the scraping claw to rotate on its own axis while revolving around the ash hopper. When the scraping claw revolves around the ash hopper, it can clean the inner wall of different positions of the ash hopper body. When it rotates on its own axis, it can provide greater rotational force, thus achieving a better cleaning effect when ash clumps together, ensuring smooth ash flow inside the ash hopper body.

[0022] 4. This invention uses upper and lower fixed gears of different diameters, and by adjusting the gears of different sizes to enter the meshing state, the rotation speed and torque can be adjusted. The speed and torque can be selected as needed. If there is a hard clump of ash, the lower fixed gear will enter the meshing state, and the upper fixed gear will enter the meshing state under normal conditions, saving electricity and reducing energy consumption.

[0023] 5. When the ash outlet is severely blocked, this invention first works by rotating the push-pull column, causing the annular push-pull groove to move the locking rod downwards, which in turn pushes the push-pull rod downwards. The push-pull rod then moves the push-pull plate downwards, which in turn moves the unblocking rod downwards. When the bottom of the unblocking rod reaches the ash outlet, the synchronous rotation of the track plate causes the swing plate to enter either the first or second straight groove, which in turn allows the unblocking rod to rotate, further unblocking the ash outlet and effectively preventing blockage. The unblocking rod can rotate at the ash outlet while extending and retracting, achieving a better unblocking effect. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the cold air steam heater of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ash hopper of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the scraping mechanism and the unblocking mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driving structure of the rotating rod of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the driving structure of the unblocking rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the track slab of the present invention.

[0031] The attached diagrams are labeled as follows: 1. A ash hopper gasification blower; 2. B ash hopper gasification blower; 3. Pressure measuring point A; 4. Pressure measuring point B; 5. A gasification blower outlet pneumatic valve; 6. B gasification blower outlet pneumatic valve; 7. Gasification air electric heater inlet valve; 8. Ash hopper gasification air electric heater; 9. Gasification air electric heater outlet valve; 10. Gasification air electric heater bypass valve; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Ash hopper gasification air valve; 13. Ash hopper gasification air main pipe; 14. Steam heater inlet valve; 15. Cold air steam heater; 16. Steam heater outlet valve; 17. Gasification air pneumatic regulating valve; 18. Steam heater steam supply manual valve; 19. Steam heater steam supply electric regulating valve; 20. Steam heater steam trap front manual valve; 21. Steam heater steam trap; 22. Steam heater steam trap rear manual valve; 23. Steam heater steam trap bypass valve; 24. Steam heater... 26. Main condensate drain valve; 27. Ash hopper body; 28. Scraping mechanism; 29. ​​Fixed box; 30. Sliding column; 31. Gear adjustment assembly; 32. Rotating rod; 33. Rotating block; 34. Scraping claw; 35. Upper rotating gear; 36. Connecting column; 37. Lower rotating gear; 38. Clamping plate; 39. Sleeve column; 40. Upper fixed gear; 41. Lower fixed gear; 42. U-shaped clamping block; 43. Hinge arm; 44. Fixing block; 45. Drive shaft; 46. Brush bristles; 47. Bending rod; 48. Connecting rod; 49. Driven bevel gear; 50. Driving bevel gear; 51. Unblocking mechanism; 52. Push-pull column; 53. Snap-fit ​​rod; 54. Limiting platform; 55. Track plate; 56. Push-pull rod; 57. Unblocking rod; 58. Push-pull plate; 59. Annular push-pull groove; 60. Swing plate; 61. Annular swing groove; 62. Unblocking plate; 63. Actuating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper in this embodiment includes an A ash hopper gasification blower 1 and a B ash hopper gasification blower 2 connected in parallel. Both ash hopper gasification blowers are connected to the first end of the ash hopper gasification blower main pipe 13.

[0035] The output end of the A ash hopper gasification blower 1 is equipped with pressure measuring point A3 and the A gasification blower outlet pneumatic valve 5 in sequence, and the output end of the B ash hopper gasification blower 2 is equipped with pressure measuring point B4 and the B gasification blower outlet pneumatic valve 6 in sequence, which facilitates adjustment and control of start and stop, and can detect abnormal pressure conditions in a timely manner.

[0036] It also includes a heater parallel connection device connected in series on the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 13 and an ash hopper body 26 connected in series at the end of the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 13.

[0037] Specifically, the parallel heater device includes an ash hopper gasification wind electric heater 8, a gasification wind electric heater bypass valve 10, and a cold air steam heater 15 connected in parallel.

[0038] Among them, the internal structure of the cold air steam heater 15 adopts steel-aluminum composite finned tube, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area, and the inlet and outlet air temperatures are designed to be 20 / 160℃, which meets the requirements of gasification air temperature.

[0039] Among them, the inlet end of the ash hopper gasification wind electric heater 8 is provided with a gasification wind electric heater inlet gate 7, and the outlet end of the ash hopper gasification wind electric heater 8 is provided with a gasification wind electric heater outlet gate 9.

[0040] The cold air steam heater 15 is provided with a steam heater inlet gate 14 at the inlet end and a steam heater outlet gate 16 at the outlet end.

[0041] The inlet gate 7 of the gasification wind power heater, the outlet gate 9 of the gasification wind power heater, the inlet gate 14 of the steam heater, and the outlet gate 16 of the steam heater can be controlled to open and close at any time as needed, which is convenient for control.

[0042] Specifically, the operating principle of this embodiment is as follows: During the operation of the gasification air system, the steam heater inlet gate 14 and steam heater outlet gate 16 are opened, and the gasification air electric heater inlet gate 7 and gasification air electric heater outlet gate 9 are closed. This allows the air drawn in by the A ash hopper gasification fan 1 and the B ash hopper gasification fan 2 to be heated by the cold air steam heater 15 to form 100°C gasification air, which is then blown into the ash hopper gasification air header 13. In this way, the air can be heated by steam, which greatly saves the electrical energy consumed by the existing electric heater, reduces the plant power consumption rate of the unit, and improves the economic efficiency of the unit.

[0043] Specifically, one end of the cold air steam heater 15 is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing steam header, and the other end is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing drain header.

[0044] Among them, the steam tracing header of the ash hopper is equipped with a manual steam supply valve 18 and an electric steam supply regulating valve 19 that are sequentially close to the cold air steam heater 15.

[0045] The ash hopper heat tracing drain header is equipped with a manual valve 20 for the steam heater drain, a steam heater drain 21, a manual valve 22 for the steam heater drain, and a main steam heater drain isolation valve 24, which are located sequentially away from the cold air steam heater 15.

[0046] The ash hopper heat tracing drain header is equipped with a steam heater drain bypass valve 23, which is connected in parallel with the manual valve 20 before the steam heater drain, the steam heater drain 21, and the manual valve 22 after the steam heater drain.

[0047] In this embodiment, a bypass valve 23 for the steam heater drain is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing drain header. This serves as a backup for the series circuit consisting of the manual valve 20 before the steam heater drain, the steam heater drain 21, and the manual valve 22 after the steam heater drain, which are sequentially arranged on the ash hopper heat tracing drain header. This ensures that the steam drain after heat exchange is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing drain header, maintaining the continuous and stable operation of the machine.

[0048] In this embodiment, the heating steam of the cold air steam heater 15 is taken from the ash hopper heating steam header.

[0049] Specifically, the manual steam supply valve 18 of the steam heater is opened, and the electric steam supply valve 19 of the steam heater is opened to allow steam to flow into the cold air steam heater 15.

[0050] Among them, the manual door 20 before the steam heater condensate drain, the manual door 22 after the steam heater condensate drain, and the steam heater condensate isolation main door 24 allow the steam condensate after heat exchange to pass through the steam heater condensate drain 21 and finally enter the ash hopper heat tracing condensate header. Together with the ash hopper heat tracing condensate, it is recycled to the condenser of the induced draft fan. By reusing the ash hopper heat tracing steam and recycling the ash hopper heat tracing condensate and the cold air steam heater condensate, water resources are greatly saved, which meets the requirements of power plant water management for water conservation and reduction of external discharge.

[0051] Furthermore, a temperature sensor 11 is installed on the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 13 at the rear end of the heater parallel device, and a gasification air pneumatic regulating valve 17 is installed at the rear end of the temperature sensor 11. Both the temperature sensor 11 and the gasification air pneumatic regulating valve 17 are externally connected to a host computer.

[0052] Specifically, the temperature sensor 11 is set to feed back the temperature to the host computer. The host computer can then control the opening of the steam heater electric regulating valve 19 based on the temperature data changes of the temperature sensor 11, thereby automatically adjusting the valve opening and adjusting the steam intake of the cold air steam heater 15. This saves steam consumption, reduces heat loss, and ensures that the temperature of the ash hopper gasification air header 13 is not lower than 100°C.

[0053] The function of the gasification air pneumatic regulating valve 17 is to adjust and control the valve opening size according to the material level inside the ash hopper body 26 by the host computer.

[0054] When the material level inside the ash hopper body 26 is high, that is, when there is a lot of ash inside, the pneumatic regulating door 17 of the gasification air is opened wider to increase the pressure and air volume of the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 13, enhance the disturbance gasification effect, and enable the ash to be transported away quickly.

[0055] When the material level inside the ash hopper body 26 is low, the aeration air pneumatic regulating valve 17 is adjusted to close, reducing the pressure and air volume of the ash hopper aeration air main pipe 13. While ensuring the flowability of fly ash, the output of the aeration fan is reduced, the fan energy consumption is reduced, and the economic efficiency of the unit is further improved.

[0056] In this embodiment, an ash hopper aeration air valve 12 is also provided between the aeration air pneumatic regulating valve 17 and the ash hopper body 26.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In order to further prevent ash from accumulating in the ash hopper body 26, the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system of this embodiment has a scraping mechanism 27 for scraping fly ash inside the ash hopper body 26. The scraping mechanism 27 includes a fixed box 28, a gear transmission mechanism and a scraping claw 34.

[0059] In this embodiment, the scraper claw 34 is used to scrape off the ash on the inner wall of the ash hopper body 26. The scraper claw 34 includes four bent rods 47 arranged in a uniform array along the circumference. The bent rod 47 includes a horizontal rod and an inclined rod with the bottom end inclined towards the side close to the horizontal rod. The inclined rod is set in close to the inner wall of the ash hopper body 26, and the inclined rod is provided with bristles 46. This not only prevents the ash from clumping, but also ensures that the clumped ash is scraped off, so that the airflow can blow the ash out.

[0060] The fixing box 28 is fixed inside the ash hopper body 26. The fixing box 28 is connected to the rotating rod 31 through the bevel gear drive mechanism. The bottom end of the rotating rod 31 passes through the fixing box 28 and is symmetrically connected to a pair of scraping claws 34. One side of the scraping claws 34 is set to fit against the inner wall of the ash hopper body 26. The gear transmission mechanism is used to cooperate with the rotation of the rotating rod 31 to drive the scraping claws 34 to rotate.

[0061] Specifically, the bevel gear drive mechanism includes a driven bevel gear 49 and a driving bevel gear 50 that are meshed with each other inside the fixed box 28. The driven bevel gear 49 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 31. A control motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed box 28. The output shaft of the control motor rotates through the side wall of the fixed box 28 and is fixedly sleeved with the inner ring of the driving bevel gear 50. Thus, the driven bevel gear 49 and the driving bevel gear 50 can be rotated by the control motor, which in turn drives the rotating rod 31 to rotate.

[0062] The gear transmission mechanism includes a gear adjustment assembly 30 sleeved on the rotating rod 31 and two driven gears that cooperate with the gear adjustment assembly 30. Each driven gear is connected to each scraper claw 34 by a connecting post 36.

[0063] Specifically, the scraper claw 34 is located at the lower end of the driven gear. The scraper claw 34 and the driven gear are connected by a connecting post 36. A rotating collar 33 is rotatably sleeved on the connecting post 36. A connecting rod 48 is fixed to the side of the rotating collar 33. The free end of the connecting rod 48 is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating rod 31.

[0064] To facilitate the connection of the connecting rod 48, a rotating block 32 is fixedly sleeved on the free end of the rotating rod 31. The diameter of the rotating block 32 is larger than that of the rotating rod 31, thus providing a more convenient installation position.

[0065] As described above, rotating the rotating rod 31 will drive the rotating block 32 to rotate, which in turn will drive the connecting rod 48 to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear to rotate around the rotating rod 31. Since the driven gear and the gear adjusting assembly 30 mesh with each other, the driven gear will also rotate on its own axis under the action of the rotation of the driven gear, which will drive the connecting column 36 to rotate. In turn, the connecting column 36 will drive the scraper claw 34 to rotate on its own axis while revolving around the central axis. When the scraper claw 34 revolves around the central axis, it can clean the inner wall of different positions of the ash hopper body 26. When it rotates on its own axis, it can provide greater rotational force, thereby achieving a better cleaning effect when the ash clumps together, ensuring smooth ash flow inside the ash hopper body 26.

[0066] Furthermore, the gear adjustment assembly 30 includes a sliding post 29 fixed to the bottom of the fixed box 28 and rotatably sleeved with the rotating rod 31, and a sleeve post 39 slidably sleeved on the outside of the sliding post 29, as well as a clamping plate 38, an upper fixed gear 40 and a lower fixed gear 41 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the sleeve post 39 from top to bottom. The upper fixed gear 40 and the lower fixed gear 41 have different diameters. In this embodiment, the diameter of the upper fixed gear 40 is larger than the diameter of the lower fixed gear 41.

[0067] Specifically, a lifting mechanism is installed on the side of the clamping plate 38 to change the meshing state of the gear adjusting assembly 30. The lifting mechanism is used to lift or lower the clamping plate 38, that is, to change the meshing position of the upper fixed gear 40 and the lower fixed gear 41, thereby changing the meshing state of the gear adjusting assembly 30.

[0068] When the clamping plate 38 is lifted upward, the upper fixed gear 40 gradually enters the meshing state, and the lower fixed gear 41 gradually disengages from the meshing state; when the clamping plate 38 is lowered downward, the upper fixed gear 40 gradually disengages from the meshing state, and the lower fixed gear 41 gradually enters the meshing state.

[0069] As can be seen from the above description, by using upper fixed gears 40 and lower fixed gears 41 with different diameters, the rotation speed and torque can be adjusted by adjusting the gears of different sizes to engage. The speed and torque can be selected as needed. If there is a hard clump of ash, the lower fixed gear 41 will engage, while the upper fixed gear 40 will engage normally, saving electricity and reducing energy consumption.

[0070] Correspondingly, the driven gears include an upper rotating gear 35 and a lower rotating gear 37 fixedly sleeved on the connecting column 36 from top to bottom. The upper fixed gear 40 corresponds to the upper rotating gear 35, and the lower fixed gear 41 corresponds to the lower rotating gear 37. The upper fixed gear 40 and the upper rotating gear 35 and the lower fixed gear 41 and the lower rotating gear 37 cannot be in a meshing state at the same time. This satisfies the requirement to change the meshing state of the gear adjusting assembly 30 through the lifting mechanism to achieve gear adjustment, which has strong applicability.

[0071] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a drive motor and a U-shaped clamping block 42. The clamping plate 38 is engaged in the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped clamping block 42. The side of the U-shaped clamping block 42 away from the clamping plate 38 is rotatably connected to a hinged arm 43. The free end of the hinged arm 43 away from the clamping plate 38 is fixedly connected to a drive shaft 45. The drive shaft 45 rotates through the fixed block 44 fixed in the ash hopper body 26 and is then connected to the drive motor.

[0072] As can be seen from the above description, starting the drive motor will drive the transmission shaft 45 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission shaft 45 will drive the hinge arm 43 to swing. The swing of the hinge arm 43 will drive the U-shaped clamp 42 to move up and down, thereby completing the lifting or lowering of the clamp 38. It is simple, reliable, has high force transmission efficiency, is easy to control, and has good stability.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper in this embodiment, based on the above embodiment 2, also has a dredging mechanism 51 inside the ash hopper body 26 for dredging the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper body 26.

[0075] Specifically, the unblocking mechanism 51 includes an unblocking rod 57 and a push-pull rotating mechanism for driving the unblocking rod 57 to move up and down and rotate. With the push-pull rotating mechanism, the unblocking rod 57 can not only be pushed into the ash outlet of the ash hopper body 26, but also rotated at the same time to further prevent the ash outlet from being blocked and effectively unblock the ash outlet.

[0076] In particular, the unblocking rod 57 is movably connected through the rotating rod 31, saving installation space. The bottom end of the unblocking rod 57 is located directly above the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper body 26. The push-pull rotating mechanism is located at the upper end of the scraping mechanism 27 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the ash hopper body 26.

[0077] Furthermore, the push-pull rotation mechanism includes a limiting platform 54 and a push-pull plate 58 arranged parallel to each other at intervals, with the limiting platform 54 fixed inside the ash hopper body 26.

[0078] The top of the limiting platform 54 is rotatably mounted with a track plate 55 and a push-pull column 52, both of which are driven to rotate by a starter motor fixed inside the top of the ash hopper body 26. The output shaft of the starter motor is set vertically downward and is connected to the push-pull column 52 and the track plate 55 in sequence.

[0079] The track plate 55 is located at the bottom end of the push-pull column 52, and the bottom end of the track plate 55 is provided with an annular swing groove 61, and the side of the push-pull column 52 is provided with an annular push-pull groove 59.

[0080] Specifically, please see Figure 7 The annular swing groove 61 is formed by connecting the large arc groove, the straight groove one, the small arc groove, and the straight groove two in sequence. The large arc groove and the small arc groove are both centered on the rotation center of the track plate 55, and the straight groove one and the straight groove two are symmetrically arranged.

[0081] Please see Figure 6 The annular push-pull groove 59 is formed by connecting the upper arc groove, the straight inclined groove one, the lower arc groove, and the straight inclined groove two in sequence. There is a vertical height difference between the upper arc groove and the lower arc groove. The straight inclined groove one and the straight inclined groove two are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the push-pull column 52.

[0082] A push-pull plate 58 is fixedly connected to a push-pull rod 56 at one end. The top end of the push-pull rod 56 slides through the limiting platform 54 through the cooperation of a key and a keyway and is then vertically fixedly connected to a locking rod 53. The free end of the locking rod 53 is movably locked in the annular push-pull groove 59. The other end of the push-pull plate 58 is rotatably connected to a clearing rod 57. The top end of the clearing rod 57 is slidably sleeved with a toggle rod 63 through the cooperation of a key and a keyway. The top end of the toggle rod 63 is fixedly connected to a swing plate 60. The top of the free end of the swing plate 60 is movably locked in the annular swing groove 61.

[0083] Specifically, the unblocking rod 57 is provided with a pair of extension plates at the position of the push-pull plate 58. The two extension plates are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the push-pull plate 58, so that the push-pull plate 58 can push the unblocking rod 57.

[0084] As can be seen from the above description, when the push-pull column 52 rotates, the annular push-pull groove 59 also rotates synchronously. Since one end of the locking rod 53 is locked in the annular push-pull groove 59, and the locking rod 53 cannot rotate under the limiting action of the push-pull rod 56, the end of the locking rod 53 can move along the annular push-pull groove 59. Since there is a vertical height difference between the upper arc groove and the lower arc groove, the height difference between the upper arc groove and the lower arc groove is the extension distance of the push-pull rod 56. During the continuous rotation of the push-pull column 52, the annular push-pull groove 59 can drive the locking rod 53 to extend and retract, thereby realizing the unblocking of the lower ash outlet.

[0085] At the same time, when the push-pull column 52 rotates, the track plate 55 rotates synchronously. Since the top of the free end of the swing plate 60 is movably locked in the annular swing groove 61, the swing plate 60 can make circumferential movement along the annular swing groove 61 during the rotation of the track plate 55.

[0086] Since both the large and small arc grooves are centered on the rotation center of the track plate 55, the swing plate 60 is not subjected to thrust when it is in the large and small arc grooves, that is, it does not swing.

[0087] When the track plate 55 moves to the straight groove one or the straight groove two, it is pushed by the inner wall of the annular swing groove 61, which causes the swing plate 60 to swing, and then the swing plate 60 drives the unblocking rod 57 to rotate through the actuating rod 63.

[0088] As described above, when the ash outlet is severely blocked, the push-pull column 52 rotates first, causing the annular push-pull groove 59 to drive the locking rod 53 downward, which in turn pushes the push-pull rod 56 downward. The push-pull rod 56 then drives the push-pull plate 58 downward, which in turn drives the unblocking rod 57 downward. When the bottom of the unblocking rod 57 reaches the ash outlet, the swing plate 60 enters the straight groove one or straight groove two due to the synchronous rotation of the track plate 55. This allows the unblocking rod 57 to rotate, further unblocking the ash outlet and effectively preventing blockage.

[0089] In particular, in order to better unclog the ash outlet and prevent blockage, a cross-shaped unclogging plate 62 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the unclogging rod 57.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0092] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasification ash conveying system for preventing clogging in the ash hopper of an electrostatic precipitator, characterized in that: The system includes multiple parallel ash hopper gasification blowers, each connected to the head end of the ash hopper gasification air main pipe (13). It also includes a heater parallel connection device connected in series on the ash hopper gasification air main pipe (13) and an ash hopper body (26) connected in series at the end of the ash hopper gasification air main pipe (13). The heater parallel connection device includes parallel ash hopper gasification air electric heaters (8), gasification air electric heater bypass valves (10), and cold air steam heaters (15). The inlet end of the ash hopper gasification air electric heater (8) is equipped with a gasification air electric heater inlet valve (7), and the outlet end of the ash hopper gasification air electric heater (8) is equipped with a gasification air electric heater. The cold air steam heater (15) is provided with a steam heater inlet gate (14) at its inlet end and a steam heater outlet gate (16) at its outlet end. One end of the cold air steam heater (15) is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing steam header and the other end is connected to the ash hopper heat tracing drain header. A temperature sensor (11) is provided on the ash hopper gasification air header (13) at the rear end of the heater parallel device, and a gasification air pneumatic regulating gate (17) is provided at the rear end of the temperature sensor (11). Both the temperature sensor (11) and the gasification air pneumatic regulating gate (17) are connected to an external host computer.

2. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash hopper heat tracing steam header is provided with a steam heater supply manual valve (18) and a steam heater supply electric regulating valve (19) that are sequentially close to the cold air steam heater (15); the ash hopper heat tracing drain header is provided with a steam heater drain front manual valve (20), a steam heater drain (21), a steam heater drain rear manual valve (22), and a steam heater drain isolation main valve (24) that are sequentially far away from the cold air steam heater (15).

3. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ash hopper heat tracing drain header is equipped with a steam heater drain bypass valve (23) that is connected in parallel with the manual valve (20) in front of the steam heater drain, the steam heater drain (21) and the manual valve (22) in back of the steam heater drain.

4. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash hopper body (26) is provided with a scraping mechanism (27) for scraping fly ash. The scraping mechanism (27) includes a fixed box (28), a gear transmission mechanism and scraping claws (34). The fixed box (28) is fixed inside the ash hopper body (26). The fixed box (28) is connected to a rotating rod (31) through a bevel gear drive mechanism. The bottom end of the rotating rod (31) passes through the fixed box (28) and is symmetrically connected to at least one pair of scraping claws (34). One side of the scraping claws (34) is set against the inner wall of the ash hopper body (26). The gear transmission mechanism is used to drive the scraping claws (34) to rotate in coordination with the rotation of the rotating rod (31).

5. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear transmission mechanism includes a gear adjustment assembly (30) sleeved on the rotating rod (31) and a plurality of driven gears that cooperate with the gear adjustment assembly (30). Each driven gear is connected to a connecting post (36) in a one-to-one correspondence with each scraper claw (34). A rotating collar (33) is rotatably sleeved on the connecting post (36). A connecting rod (48) is fixed on the side of the rotating collar (33). The free end of the connecting rod (48) is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating rod (31).

6. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator hopper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear adjustment assembly (30) includes a sliding column (29) fixed to the bottom of the fixed box (28) and rotatably sleeved with the rotating rod (31), and also includes a sleeve column (39) slidably sleeved outside the sliding column (29), and a clamping plate (38), an upper fixed gear (40), and a lower fixed gear (41) fixedly sleeved outside the sleeve column (39) from top to bottom. The upper fixed gear (40) and the lower fixed gear (41) have different diameters. The driven gear includes a series of fixedly sleeved plates from top to bottom. The upper rotating gear (35) and the lower rotating gear (37) are located outside the connecting column (36). The upper fixed gear (40) corresponds to the upper rotating gear (35), and the lower fixed gear (41) corresponds to the lower rotating gear (37). The upper fixed gear (40) and the upper rotating gear (35) and the lower fixed gear (41) and the lower rotating gear (37) cannot be in meshing state at the same time. The side of the clamp (38) is equipped with a lifting mechanism for changing the meshing state of the gear adjustment assembly (30).

7. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a drive motor and a U-shaped clamp (42). The clamp (38) is engaged in the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped clamp (42). The side of the U-shaped clamp (42) away from the clamp (38) is rotatably connected to a hinge arm (43). The free end of the hinge arm (43) away from the clamp (38) is fixedly connected to a drive shaft (45). The drive shaft (45) rotates through a fixed block (44) fixed in the ash hopper body (26) and is then connected to the drive motor.

8. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ash hopper body (26) is also provided with a dredging mechanism (51) for clearing the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper body (26). The dredging mechanism (51) includes a dredging rod (57) and a push-pull rotating mechanism for driving the dredging rod (57) to move up and down and rotate. The dredging rod (57) is movably connected through the rotating rod (31), and the bottom end of the dredging rod (57) is located directly above the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper body (26). The push-pull rotating mechanism is located at the upper end of the scraping mechanism (27) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ash hopper body (26).

9. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper according to claim 8, characterized in that: The push-pull rotating mechanism includes a limiting platform (54) and a push-pull plate (58) arranged parallel to each other at intervals. The top of the limiting platform (54) is rotatably mounted with a track plate (55) and a push-pull column (52), both driven by a starter motor fixed inside the ash hopper body (26). The track plate (55) is located at the bottom of the push-pull column (52), and the bottom of the track plate (55) is provided with an annular swing groove (61). The side of the push-pull column (52) is provided with an annular push-pull groove (59). One end of the push-pull plate (58) is fixedly connected to... A push-pull rod (56) is slidably passed through a limiting platform (54) and then vertically fixedly connected to a snap-fit ​​rod (53). The free end of the snap-fit ​​rod (53) is movably locked in an annular push-pull groove (59). The other end of the push-pull plate (58) is rotatably passed through the unblocking rod (57), and the top end of the unblocking rod (57) is slidably sleeved with a toggle rod (63). The top end of the toggle rod (63) is fixedly connected to a swing plate (60), and the top of the free end of the swing plate (60) is movably locked in an annular swing groove (61).

10. The anti-clogging gasification ash conveying system for an electrostatic precipitator hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold air steam heater (15) uses a steel-aluminum composite finned tube inside.

Images