A laser cladding process and apparatus

Abstract

This application discloses a laser cladding process and apparatus, relating to the field of laser cladding. It includes the following steps: S1, cladding laser is emitted onto the surface of the substrate to be treated; simultaneously, multiple underlay metal wires are fed to the heating area of ​​the substrate by the cladding laser, the multiple underlay metal wires are arranged around the cladding laser, enclosing the cladding laser within the underlay metal wire bundle; simultaneously, a powder spraying zone is set around the outer ring of the underlay metal wire bundle, through which high-hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously sprayed, and a semi-circular powder-blocking plate is adjustablely arranged within the powder spraying zone; S2, the cladding laser, the underlay metal wire bundle, and the powder spraying zone move relative to the surface of the substrate to be treated, during which the position of the semi-circular powder-blocking plate is adjusted in real time, and the semi-circular powder-blocking plate is always positioned in front of the cladding laser in the direction of travel relative to the substrate. This application can avoid the problems of cladding layer peeling and cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser cladding, and in particular to a laser cladding process and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding technology, also known as laser coating or laser cladding, is an important method for material surface modification. It utilizes high-energy lasers (lasers...) ~ Irradiation of the metal surface with W / cm² results in rapid melting, expansion, and solidification, with a cooling rate typically reaching [value missing]. ~ At ℃ / s, a layer of material with special physical, chemical, or mechanical properties is fused onto the surface of a substrate, thus forming a new composite material to compensate for the lack of high performance in the substrate and significantly improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and oxidation resistance of the substrate surface. This composite material can fully utilize the advantages of both materials and compensate for their respective deficiencies. For some eutectic alloys, even an amorphous surface layer can be obtained, exhibiting excellent corrosion resistance.

[0003] In laser cladding processes that improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of substrates, a mixture of nickel powder and tungsten carbide powder is clad onto the substrate surface. Tungsten carbide has high hardness and good wear resistance, but its adhesion to the substrate is poor and it cannot withstand excessive heat. Therefore, nickel powder is used to improve the adhesion of the cladding material to the substrate. For optimal product performance, the tungsten carbide cladding layer should be positioned above the nickel layer. However, nickel powder is lighter than tungsten carbide powder and it is difficult to apply external force to separate the powdered nickel and tungsten carbide powders. In current processes, during powder feeding and cladding, the tungsten carbide powder often sinks, leading to cladding layer detachment and cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To avoid problems such as peeling and cracking of the cladding layer, this application provides a laser cladding process and apparatus.

[0005] This application provides a laser cladding process, which adopts the following technical solution: A laser cladding process includes the following steps: S1, a cladding laser is emitted onto the surface of the substrate to be treated; Simultaneously, multiple underlay metal wires are fed to the heating area of ​​the substrate by the cladding laser. The multiple underlay metal wires are arranged around the cladding laser, and the cladding laser is wrapped in the bundle of underlay metal wires. Simultaneously, a powder spraying zone is set around the outer edge of the bottom layer of metal wire bundle. High-hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously sprayed through the powder spraying zone. A half-circle powder blocking plate is adjustablely set inside the powder spraying zone. S2, the cladding laser, the undercoat metal wire bundle, and the powder spraying area move relative to the surface of the substrate to be treated. During this process, the position of the half-circle powder blocking sheet is adjusted in real time, and the half-circle powder blocking sheet is always located in front of the cladding laser in the direction of travel relative to the substrate.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when treating the surface of the substrate, the cladding laser, the underlay metal wire bundle, and the powder spraying area move relative to the surface of the substrate. The cladding laser is wrapped by the underlay metal wire bundle and heats the underlay metal wire and the substrate surface. At the same time, high-hardness wear-resistant powder is sprayed onto the molten underlay metal wire through the powder spraying area. The high-temperature molten underlay metal heats the hardness wear-resistant powder. By heating the underlay metal wire and the high-hardness wear-resistant powder in sequence, and accelerating the solidification of the molten underlay metal wire, the cladding layer is prevented from peeling off and cracking.

[0007] Preferably, the end of the bottom layer metal wire bundle closest to the cladding laser is fed to the heating point of the substrate by the cladding laser using a vortex trajectory.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom layer metal wire is fed radially towards the center of the cladding laser. The uniformity of the wire feeding speed is required. If the wire feeding speed suddenly increases, the bottom layer metal wire may not be fully melted. In Example 2, the bottom layer metal wire is fed along a vortex trajectory. It is fed from the edge of the cladding laser into the center of the cladding laser using a vortex trajectory, which helps to ensure that the bottom layer metal wire is fully heated and melted by the cladding laser.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom layer of metal wire bundle has two layers, inner and outer.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the diameter of the bottom layer metal wire is further reduced, that is, the bottom layer metal wire is thinner, which improves the heating efficiency of the cladding laser on the bottom layer metal wire, and the bottom layer metal wire is easier to be heated and melted.

[0011] Preferably, the inner layer of base metal wire bundles has the opposite rotation direction to the outer layer of base metal wire bundles.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the inner layer of the bottom layer metal wire bundle has the opposite rotation direction to the outer layer of the bottom layer metal wire bundle. At the heating point of the cladding laser, the inner and outer layers of the bottom layer metal wire bundle form a mesh, which improves the heating efficiency of the cladding laser on the bottom layer metal wire and makes the bottom layer metal wire easier to be heated and melted.

[0013] This application also provides a laser cladding device, which adopts the following technical solution: A laser cladding device includes a cladding laser head. A wire feeding sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the head of the cladding laser head. A guide channel is formed in the end of the wire feeding sleeve away from the cladding laser head to guide the underlay metal wire toward the axis of the wire feeding sleeve. The end of the guide channel away from the cladding laser head passes through the wire feeding sleeve. A wire feeding channel communicating with the guide channel is formed in the end of the wire feeding sleeve near the cladding laser head. A powder spraying sleeve is coaxially disposed outside the wire feeding sleeve. The end of the powder spraying sleeve away from the cladding laser head is open. A semi-annular baffle is coaxially rotatably disposed in the opening of the powder spraying sleeve.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the cladding laser head is started, high-hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously fed into the powder spraying jacket, and the underlay metal wire is continuously fed into the wire feeding channel. The wire passes through the guide channel, extends out of the wire feeding sleeve, and approaches the cladding laser, and then approaches the substrate surface to be treated. During the movement of the cladding laser head, the position of the semi-ring baffle is adjusted in real time, and the semi-ring baffle is always located in front of the cladding laser head in the direction of travel.

[0015] Preferably, the guide channel extends along the vortex trajectory.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom layer metal wire is fed radially towards the center of the cladding laser. The uniformity of the wire feeding speed is required. If the wire feeding speed suddenly increases, the bottom layer metal wire may not be fully melted. The bottom layer metal wire is fed along a vortex trajectory, from the edge of the cladding laser to the center of the cladding laser. This helps to ensure that the bottom layer metal wire is fully heated and melted by the cladding laser.

[0017] Preferably, an outer interlayer is provided between the wire feeding sleeve and the powder spraying sleeve. An outer wire guide channel is provided in the outer interlayer to guide the bottom layer metal wire toward the axis of the wire feeding sleeve. The outer wire guide channel extends along a vortex trajectory. The end of the outer wire guide channel away from the cladding laser head passes through the outer interlayer. An outer wire feeding channel communicating with the outer wire guide channel is provided in the end of the outer interlayer near the cladding laser head.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the cladding laser head is activated, and high-hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously supplied into the powder spraying jacket. The bottom layer metal wire is continuously fed into the wire feeding channel and the outer wire feeding channel. The bottom layer metal wire passes through the outer guide wire channel and the guide channel and approaches the cladding laser. The bottom layer metal wire is plasticized into a vortex shape by the outer guide wire channel and the guide channel. Finally, the cladding laser head is brought close to the substrate to treat the surface of the substrate.

[0019] Preferably, the external guide wire channel rotates in the opposite direction to the guide channel.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, and with the outer guide wire channel and the guide channel forming the bottom layer metal wire in opposite directions, it is beneficial for the bottom layer metal wire to be heated and melted quickly.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Avoid subjecting the high-hardness wear-resistant powder to excessive heat; at the nozzle, the bottom layer metal wire surrounds the cladding laser, and the high-hardness wear-resistant powder is sprayed outside the bottom layer metal wire bundle. The high-hardness wear-resistant powder falls onto the molten bottom layer metal, and the high-temperature molten bottom layer metal uses its own temperature to heat the high-hardness wear-resistant powder. This ensures that the bottom layer metal wire is heated to a sufficient temperature, while avoiding the high-hardness wear-resistant powder from being overheated, which would cause the high-hardness wear-resistant powder to lose its material properties. 2. By heating the base metal wire and high-hardness wear-resistant powder sequentially, the cladding layer is prevented from peeling off and cracking. In continuous operation, the base metal wire bundle is first heated to a molten state and comes into direct contact with the substrate surface to be treated. Then, high-hardness wear-resistant powder is sprayed onto the molten base metal. The energy released by the cladding laser is conducted to the high-hardness wear-resistant powder through the base metal wire. Because the base metal wire bundle is heated and melted, its metal adhesion to the substrate surface to be treated is strong, and it contacts the substrate surface to be treated before the high-hardness wear-resistant powder. Although the high-hardness wear-resistant powder has a high density after melting, it is still difficult to penetrate the base metal layer and come into direct contact with the substrate. 3. By accelerating the solidification of the molten base metal wire, the cladding layer is prevented from peeling off and cracking. The high-hardness wear-resistant powder is heated by the high-temperature molten base metal liquid. While the high-hardness wear-resistant powder absorbs heat, the base metal liquid loses heat, the fluidity decreases, and the solidification is accelerated, preventing the high-hardness wear-resistant powder from sinking and directly contacting the substrate surface to be treated. 4. The vortex trajectory wire feeding method is adopted, which feeds the wire from the edge of the cladding laser to the center of the cladding laser. This helps to ensure that the bottom layer metal wire is fully heated and melted by the cladding laser. In addition, the push of the bottom layer metal wire helps to rotate the molten bottom layer metal, thereby ensuring that the solution heated and melted by the four bottom layer metal wires is fully mixed. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding process according to Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding process according to Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding process according to Embodiment 3 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding process according to Embodiment 4 of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser cladding device according to Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser cladding device according to Embodiment 2 of this application; Attached reference numerals: 1. Underlying metal wire; 2. Powder spraying area; 3. Semi-circular powder blocking plate; 4. Cladding laser head; 5. Wire feeding sleeve; 6. Guide channel; 7. Wire feeding channel; 8. Powder spraying jacket; 9. Outer layer; 10. Outer wire guide channel; 11. Outer wire feeding channel; 12. Semi-circular baffle; 13. Adjusting lever. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0024] This application discloses a laser cladding process.

[0025] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 A laser cladding process, comprising, S1, cladding laser is emitted toward the surface of the substrate to be treated through cladding laser head 4; Simultaneously, multiple underlay metal wires 1 are fed to the heating area of ​​the substrate by the cladding laser. In this application, the underlay metal wires 1 include, but are not limited to, nickel wires. Multiple underlay metal wires 1 are arranged around the cladding laser and form an inverted cone shape to wrap the cladding laser within the bundle of underlay metal wires. Simultaneously, an interlayer is set around the outer edge of the bottom layer of metal wire bundle, and a powder spraying zone 2 is formed between the interlayers. High-hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously sprayed toward the substrate through the powder spraying zone 2. The high-hardness wear-resistant powder includes, but is not limited to, ceramic powder. Tungsten carbide powder is a type of ceramic powder.

[0026] S2, the cladding laser, the underlayer metal wire bundle and the powder spraying area 2 move relative to the surface of the substrate to be treated.

[0027] The implementation principle of a laser cladding process in this application embodiment is as follows: When the surface of the substrate to be treated is processed, the cladding laser, the underlay metal wire bundle, and the powder spraying area 2 move relative to the surface of the substrate to be treated. The cladding laser is wrapped by the underlay metal wire bundle and heats the underlay metal wire 1 and the substrate surface. At the same time, high-hardness wear-resistant powder is sprayed onto the molten underlay metal wire 1 through the powder spraying area 2, and the high-hardness wear-resistant powder is heated by the high-temperature molten underlay metal.

[0028] Example 2 Reference Figure 2 A laser cladding process, comprising, S1, cladding laser is emitted toward the surface of the substrate to be treated through cladding laser head 4; Simultaneously, multiple underlay metal wires 1 are fed to the heating area of ​​the substrate by the cladding laser. In this application, the underlay metal wires 1 include, but are not limited to, nickel wires. Multiple underlay metal wires 1 are arranged around the cladding laser and form an inverted cone shape to wrap the cladding laser within the bundle of underlay metal wires. Simultaneously, an interlayer is set around the outer edge of the bottom layer of metal wire bundle, forming a powder spraying zone 2 between the interlayers. High-hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously sprayed toward the substrate through the powder spraying zone 2. The high-hardness wear-resistant powder includes, but is not limited to, ceramic powder. Tungsten carbide powder is a type of ceramic powder. A semi-circular powder blocking plate 3 is adjustablely set at the nozzle of the powder spraying zone 2. The nozzle of the powder spraying zone 2 is a circular nozzle, and the semi-circular powder blocking plate 3 is semi-circular in shape and can rotate coaxially within the nozzle of the powder spraying zone 2.

[0029] S2, the cladding laser, the undercoat metal wire bundle, and the powder spraying area 2 move relative to each other on the surface of the substrate to be treated. During this process, the position of the half-circle powder blocking plate 3 is adjusted in real time. The half-circle powder blocking plate 3 is always located in front of the cladding laser in the direction of travel relative to the substrate. The half-circle powder blocking plate 3 blocks half of the nozzle in front of the powder spraying area 2.

[0030] The implementation principle of a laser cladding process in this application embodiment is as follows: When the surface of the substrate to be treated is processed, the cladding laser, the underlay metal wire bundle, and the powder spraying area 2 move relative to the surface of the substrate to be treated. The cladding laser is wrapped by the underlay metal wire bundle and heats the underlay metal wire 1 and the substrate surface. At the same time, high-hardness wear-resistant powder is sprayed onto the upper surface of the molten underlay metal wire 1 through the powder spraying area 2, and the high-hardness wear-resistant powder is heated by the high-temperature molten underlay metal.

[0031] The advantages of this solution are: 1. Avoid excessive heat on the high-hardness wear-resistant powder; In operation, the cladding laser is located inside the bottom layer metal wire bundle, and the high-hardness wear-resistant powder is sprayed outside the bottom layer metal wire bundle. The high-hardness wear-resistant powder falls on the molten bottom layer metal. The high-temperature molten bottom layer metal uses its own temperature to heat the high-hardness wear-resistant powder. This ensures that the bottom layer metal wire 1 can be heated to a sufficient temperature, while avoiding the high-hardness wear-resistant powder from being overheated, which would cause the high-hardness wear-resistant powder to lose its material properties. 2. By heating the base metal wire 1 and the high-hardness wear-resistant powder sequentially, the cladding layer is prevented from peeling off and cracking. In continuous operation, the base metal wire bundle is first heated to a molten state and comes into direct contact with the substrate surface to be treated. Then, the high-hardness wear-resistant powder is sprayed onto the molten base metal. The energy released by the cladding laser is conducted to the high-hardness wear-resistant powder through the base metal wire 1. Because the base metal wire bundle is heated and melted, its metal adhesion to the substrate surface to be treated is strong, and it contacts the substrate surface to be treated before the high-hardness wear-resistant powder. Although the high-hardness wear-resistant powder has a high density after melting, it is still difficult to penetrate the base metal layer and come into direct contact with the substrate. 3. By accelerating the curing of the molten base metal wire 1, the cladding layer is prevented from peeling off and cracking. The high-hardness wear-resistant powder is heated by the high-temperature molten base metal liquid. While the high-hardness wear-resistant powder absorbs heat, the base metal liquid loses heat, the fluidity decreases, and the curing is accelerated, preventing the high-hardness wear-resistant powder from sinking and directly contacting the substrate surface to be treated.

[0032] Example 3 Reference Figure 3 A laser cladding process, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the end of the bottom layer metal wire bundle near the cladding laser is fed to the heating part of the substrate by the cladding laser using a vortex trajectory. For ease of understanding and observation, the number of bottom layer metal wires 1 in the attached drawings of this embodiment is four.

[0033] Compared to Example 2, Example 3 has the following advantages: In Example 1, the bottom layer metal wire 1 is fed radially towards the center of the cladding laser. The uniformity of the wire feeding speed is required. If the wire feeding speed suddenly increases, the bottom layer metal wire 1 may not be fully melted. In Example 2, the bottom layer metal wire 1 is fed along a vortex trajectory. It is fed from the edge of the cladding laser to the center of the cladding laser using a vortex trajectory, which helps to ensure that the bottom layer metal wire 1 is fully heated and melted by the cladding laser. Second, the vortex trajectory wire feeding method is adopted. Under the push of the bottom layer metal wire 1, it is beneficial for the molten bottom layer metal liquid to rotate, thereby ensuring that the solution heated and melted by the four bottom layer metal wires 1 is fully mixed.

[0034] Example 4 Reference Figure 4 A laser cladding process, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that, in this embodiment, the diameter of the bottom layer metal wire 1 is half the diameter of the bottom layer metal wire 1 in embodiment 2, and the bottom layer metal wire bundle is provided with inner and outer layers, the inner layer bottom layer metal wire bundle and the outer layer bottom layer metal wire bundle have opposite rotation directions.

[0035] Compared to Example 3, Example 4 has the advantage of further reducing the diameter of the bottom layer metal wire 1, i.e., the bottom layer metal wire 1 is thinner, and the inner layer bottom layer metal wire bundle has the opposite rotation direction to the outer layer bottom layer metal wire bundle. At the heating point of the cladding laser, the inner and outer layers bottom layer metal wire bundles form a mesh, all in order to improve the heating efficiency of the cladding laser on the bottom layer metal wire 1, making the bottom layer metal wire 1 easier to be heated and melted.

[0036] This application also discloses a laser cladding device.

[0037] Example 1 Reference Figure 5 A laser cladding device includes a cladding laser head 4. A wire feeding sleeve 5 is coaxially sleeved on the head of the cladding laser head 4. A guide channel 6 is opened in the end of the wire feeding sleeve 5 away from the cladding laser head 4 to guide the bottom layer metal wire 1 toward the axis of the wire feeding sleeve 5. The guide channel 6 is inclined relative to the axis of the wire feeding sleeve 5. The end of the guide channel 6 away from the cladding laser head 4 gradually approaches the axis of the wire feeding sleeve 5 and passes through the wire feeding sleeve 5. A wire feeding channel 7 is opened in the end of the wire feeding sleeve 5 near the cladding laser head 4 and communicates with the guide channel 6. The wire feeding channel 7 is parallel to the axis of the wire sleeve. A powder spraying sleeve 8 is coaxially fixed outside the wire feeding sleeve 5. The end of the powder spraying sleeve 8 away from the cladding laser head 4 is open. A semi-circular baffle 12 is coaxially rotatably installed inside the opening of the powder spraying jacket 8. An adjusting lever 13 is fixed on the semi-circular baffle 12 to facilitate real-time adjustment of the position of the semi-circular baffle 12 according to the travel direction of the cladding laser head 4. During operation, the semi-circular baffle 12 is always located in front of the travel direction of the cladding laser head 4.

[0038] The implementation principle of a laser cladding device according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: When in use, the cladding laser head 4 is started, high hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously fed into the powder spraying jacket 8, and the underlay metal wire 1 is continuously fed into the wire feeding channel 7. The wire passes through the guide channel 6, extends out of the wire feeding sleeve 5, and approaches the cladding laser, and then approaches the substrate surface to be treated. During the movement of the cladding laser head 4, the position of the semi-annular baffle 12 is adjusted in real time, and the semi-annular baffle 12 is always located in front of the cladding laser head 4 in the direction of travel.

[0039] Example 2 Reference Figure 6A laser cladding device, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the guide channel 6 extends along a vortex trajectory, an outer interlayer 9 is provided between the wire feeding sleeve 5 and the powder spraying sleeve 8, an outer wire guide channel 10 is provided in the outer interlayer 9 for guiding the bottom layer metal wire 1 toward the axis of the wire feeding sleeve 5, the outer wire guide channel 10 is vortex-shaped, the outer wire guide channel 10 is opposite to the rotation direction of the guide channel 6, the end of the outer wire guide channel 10 away from the cladding laser head 4 passes through the outer interlayer 9, the end of the outer interlayer 9 near the cladding laser head 4 is provided with a wire feeding outer channel 11 communicating with the outer wire guide channel 10, the wire feeding outer channel 11 is parallel to the axis of the wire feeding sleeve 5. The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: When in use, the cladding laser head 4 is started, and high-hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously supplied into the powder spraying jacket 8. The underlay metal wire 1 is continuously fed into the wire feeding channel 7 and the wire feeding outer channel 11. The underlay metal wire 1 passes through the outer guide wire channel 10 and the guide channel 6 and approaches the cladding laser. The underlay metal wire 1 is shaped into a vortex by the outer guide wire channel 10 and the guide channel 6, and the underlay metal wire 1 shaped by the outer guide wire channel 10 and the guide channel 6 rotates in opposite directions. Finally, the cladding laser head 4 is brought close to the substrate to process the surface of the substrate to be treated.

[0040] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A laser cladding process, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1, a cladding laser is emitted onto the surface of the substrate to be treated; Simultaneously, multiple underlay metal wires (1) are fed to the heating area of ​​the substrate by the cladding laser, and the multiple underlay metal wires (1) are arranged around the cladding laser to wrap the cladding laser in the bundle of underlay metal wires. Simultaneously, a powder spraying zone (2) is set around the outer edge of the bottom layer of metal wire bundle. High hardness wear-resistant powder is continuously sprayed through the powder spraying zone (2). A half-circle powder blocking plate (3) is adjustable inside the powder spraying zone (2). S2, the cladding laser, the underlayer metal wire bundle and the powder spraying area (2) move relative to the surface of the substrate to be treated. During this period, the position of the half-circle powder blocking sheet (3) is adjusted in real time. The half-circle powder blocking sheet (3) is always located in front of the cladding laser in the direction of travel relative to the substrate.

2. The laser cladding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the bottom layer metal wire bundle closest to the cladding laser is fed to the heating point of the substrate by the cladding laser using a vortex trajectory.

3. The laser cladding process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom layer of metal wire bundle has two layers, inner and outer.

4. The laser cladding process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner layer of base metal wire bundles has the opposite rotation direction to the outer layer of base metal wire bundles.

5. A laser cladding device, characterized in that: The system includes a cladding laser head (4), with a wire feeding sleeve (5) coaxially fitted around its head. A guide channel (6) is provided at the end of the wire feeding sleeve (5) away from the cladding laser head (4) to guide the underlay metal wire (1) towards the axis of the wire feeding sleeve (5). The end of the guide channel (6) away from the cladding laser head (4) passes through the wire feeding sleeve (5). A wire feeding channel (7) communicating with the guide channel (6) is provided at the end of the wire feeding sleeve (5) near the cladding laser head (4). A powder spraying sleeve (8) is coaxially arranged outside the wire feeding sleeve (5), with an open end at the end of the powder spraying sleeve (8) away from the cladding laser head (4). A semi-annular baffle (12) is coaxially rotatably arranged inside the opening of the powder spraying jacket (8); the guide channel (6) extends along the vortex trajectory; an outer jacket (9) is provided between the wire feeding sleeve (5) and the powder spraying jacket (8), and an outer wire guide channel (10) is opened in the outer jacket (9) for guiding the bottom layer metal wire (1) to approach the axis of the wire feeding sleeve (5). The outer wire guide channel (10) extends along the vortex trajectory, and the end of the outer wire guide channel (10) away from the cladding laser head (4) passes through the outer jacket (9). The end of the outer jacket (9) close to the cladding laser head (4) is provided with a wire feeding outer channel (11) communicating with the outer wire guide channel (10).

6. The laser cladding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The external guide wire channel (10) rotates in the opposite direction to the guide channel (6).

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