A heavy medium pan separator and a method of auxiliary separation at the feed end thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a heavy medium shallow slot sorting machine and an auxiliary sorting method at a feeding end of the heavy medium shallow slot sorting machine, and belongs to the technical field of coal sorting machines. The sorting machine body comprises a sorting groove, and overflow assemblies and feeding assemblies are fixed on the front side and the rear side of the sorting groove respectively. The feeding assemblies comprise feeding pipes and distribution boxes arranged on the rear side of the sorting groove, and a plurality of feeding pipes are fixed on the bottoms of the distribution boxes at equal intervals. The feeding pipes guide raw coal into the distribution boxes, the distribution boxes can be used for counter-hitting and limiting, the raw coal flow width can be widened, the raw coal can be evenly fed into the sorting groove, the distribution boxes can be dismounted for maintenance, and normal operation of the production equipment is ensured.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shallow trough separator technology, specifically to a heavy medium shallow trough separator and its feed end auxiliary separation method. Background technology:

[0002] The heavy medium shallow trough separator is an important piece of equipment commonly used in coal preparation. Its working principle mainly includes the following steps: Feeding: Mixed coal particles and media (usually water or air) are fed into the heavy medium shallow trough of the separator through the feed port; Separation: In the heavy medium shallow trough, coal particles generate different buoyancy and settling velocities in the medium according to their density, size, and shape, thereby achieving the separation of coal particles; Flotation: Lighter coal particles float on the surface of the medium, forming flotation products; while heavier coal particles settle to the bottom, forming waste residue; Finishing: Through appropriate finishing devices, the flotation products and waste residue are collected and discharged separately to complete the coal separation process.

[0003] In the separation and flotation process, different buoyancy and settling velocities are generated in the medium to ultimately form the desired flotation product. However, in this process, the flotation product is mixed with some impurities, or some products that should have been floated out are squeezed by large pieces and cannot be floated out, resulting in low quality of flotation product or insufficient flotation degree for raw coal, causing waste of resources. Summary of the Invention:

[0004] To address this issue, the present invention provides a heavy medium shallow trough separator to overcome the problems of existing technologies that, during the separation and flotation process, utilize different buoyancy and settling velocities generated in the medium to ultimately form the desired flotation product. However, in this process, the flotation product is mixed with some impurities, or some products that should have been floated out are squeezed by large pieces and cannot be floated out, resulting in low quality of flotation products or insufficient flotation degree for raw coal, causing waste of resources.

[0005] This invention is implemented by the following technical solution:

[0006] A shallow trough heavy medium separator includes a separator body, which includes a sorting trough. An overflow assembly and a feeding assembly are fixed to the front and rear sides of the sorting trough, respectively. The feeding assembly performs the feeding operation, and the overflow assembly performs the overflow function for sorting. The feeding assembly includes a feeding pipe and a material distribution box located on the rear side of the sorting trough. Multiple feeding pipes are horizontally and sequentially fixed at equal intervals to the bottom of multiple material distribution boxes and are connected to the material distribution boxes. The multiple material distribution boxes are sequentially and fixedly connected. The material distribution boxes are inclinedly arranged on the side of the sorting trough and detachably connected to the side wall of the sorting trough by bolts. The bottom output end of the material distribution box is connected to the sorting trough. The feed assembly is connected to the input end of the trough. A magnetic component is movably installed inside the feed assembly, and the magnetic component can remove iron impurities from the raw coal in the feed assembly area. A dispersion component and a lifting component are also respectively installed at the output end of the feed assembly. The dispersion component is located above the lifting component and can help the raw coal particles to disperse more. The lifting component can further expand the dispersion of the raw coal particles after they enter the sorting trough. A sorting auxiliary device is also movably installed inside the sorting trough and is located close to the output end of the feed assembly. The sorting auxiliary device can help sort out more coal particles.

[0007] Preferably, a magnetic component is movably connected inside the top of the fabric box. The magnetic component includes a magnetic element, a driving element, and a control element. The magnetic element slides through the fabric box and the collection box in sequence. The collection box is fixedly connected to the top of the fabric box and is perpendicular to the fabric box. The driving element is attached to the end of the magnetic element on the outside of the collection box. The driving element can drive the magnetic element to be inserted into different areas of the fabric box. A control element is also provided on the other side of the driving element. The control element is fixedly connected to the driving element through a bracket. The driving element can trigger the control element. The control element is electrically connected to the magnetic element. The bottom surface of the collection box is sloped. A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the collection box. A valve is fixed on the discharge pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the magnetic component includes multiple electromagnet rods, with one end of each electromagnet rod passing through the fabric box and the collection box in sequence, and fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing block. A first spring is fixed between each fixing block and the side wall of the collection box. The side edge of the fixing block is rounded, and the first spring is sleeved on the electromagnet rod.

[0009] Preferably, the driving component includes cams that are respectively contacted on the side of each fixed block, and multiple cams are fixed on a rotating shaft. The phase angle between adjacent cams is set to be greater than 30°. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bracket, and the other end passes through the bracket and is fixedly connected to the drive motor. The drive motor is fixed on the bracket. A monostable button switch is correspondingly provided on the other side of each cam of the control component. The monostable button switch is fixed on the bracket, and multiple electromagnets are respectively electrically connected to the battery pack via monostable button switches.

[0010] Preferably, the evacuation assembly includes a combing brush movably connected to the bottom of each fabric box. The combing brush is perpendicular to the flow direction of the raw coal in the fabric box. A rubber plate is fixedly connected to the top of the combing brush. The rubber plate is fitted against the top of the fabric box. A positioning sliding block is fixedly connected to the top of the rubber plate. The positioning sliding block passes through the top of the fabric box through a positioning key-shaped sliding hole. Multiple positioning sliding blocks are fixedly connected to a positioning U-shaped frame. The two ends of the positioning U-shaped frame span multiple fabric boxes. Multiple second springs are fixedly connected between the two ends of the positioning U-shaped frame and the side wall of the fabric box. A first vibrator is also fixed on one side of the positioning U-shaped frame. The first vibrator can drive the positioning U-shaped frame to vibrate back and forth in conjunction with the force of the second spring. A second vibrator is also fixed on the positioning sliding block. The second vibrator can work with the elastic physical properties of the rubber plate to make the positioning sliding block vibrate up and down.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a lever plate movably connected to the bottom of each material box, and the two sides of the lever plate are respectively hinged to the bottom side wall of the material box via hinge shafts. The included angle between the lever plate and the bottom wall of the material box is set at 10°-20°, and a third vibrator is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lever plate. Multiple third springs are fixed between the bottom of the lever plate and the bottom plate of the material box, and the third vibrator is located on the upper end of the third spring.

[0012] Preferably, the actuating plate is made of a composite material composed of shape memory polymer and carbon fiber. Multiple arc-shaped top plates are attached to the bottom of the actuating plate. The multiple arc-shaped top plates are arranged at equal intervals on the upper end of the third vibrator. The arc-shaped top plates are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fabric box through connecting rods.

[0013] Preferably, the sorting auxiliary device includes a nozzle group disposed at the inner bottom of the input end side of the sorting tank. The nozzle group includes multiple ultrasonic nozzles that are sequentially fixed on a guide tube at equal intervals in a horizontal row. The ultrasonic nozzles can spray water containing microbubbles, which will adhere to the surface of the coal particles to form coal particles wrapped in bubbles. One end of the guide tube extends out of the input end side of the sorting tank and is fixedly connected to a fixed plate. The fixed plate is inserted into a connecting pipe and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe. The guide tube and the connecting pipe are connected in communication. The connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a liquid supply device, which is fixed on the heavy medium shallow tank separator. An ultrasonic oscillator is also fixed on the connecting pipe and is fixed on the outer wall of the input end of the sorting tank. The ultrasonic oscillator can generate continuous waves.

[0014] Preferably, a first gear is fixed to the side end of the conduit that extends out of the input end of the sorting slot. The first gear is located on the side end of the fixed disk and meshes with a second gear. One side of the second gear is rotatably connected to the side wall of the sorting slot via a rotating shaft, and the other side is fixedly connected to the output end of a stepper motor. The stepper motor is fixed to the sorting slot via a support frame. An angle disk is fixed to the first gear. Multiple first annular grooves and first annular protrusions are fixed to the outer wall of the fixed disk. The first annular grooves and first annular protrusions are spaced apart on the outer wall of the fixed disk. Multiple second annular grooves and second annular protrusions are fixed to the inner wall of the connecting pipe. The second annular grooves and second annular protrusions are spaced apart on the inner wall of the connecting pipe, and the first annular protrusions can be correspondingly inserted into the second annular grooves, and the second annular protrusions can be correspondingly inserted into the first annular grooves.

[0015] A method for auxiliary sorting at the feed end of a heavy medium shallow tank separator, comprising the following steps:

[0016] A flow rate sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the input end of the sorting tank, and a particle analyzer is fixed on the material box. The flow rate sensor and the particle analyzer are respectively connected to the control system. The control system is also connected to the stepper motor and the ultrasonic oscillator, and to the third vibrator.

[0017] The control system is configured with a particle size ratio matrix (the ratio of large particles to small particles) monitored by a particle analyzer, designated as k0, with k0(k1, k2, k3; k1>1>k2>k3); a flow velocity matrix V0 monitored by a flow velocity sensor, designated as V0(V1, V2, V3; V1>V2>V3); a vibration amplitude matrix A0 for a third vibrator, designated as A0(A1, A2, A3; A1>A2>A3); an tilt angle matrix θ0 for an ultrasonic nozzle, designated as θ0(θ1, θ2, θ3; θ1>θ2>θ3>0); and a frequency matrix f0 for an ultrasonic oscillator, designated as f0(f1, f2, f3; f1>f2>f3>0).

[0018] When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is k1, it is fed back to the control system. If k1>1, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is V1, and the control system controls the third vibrator to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A1.

[0019] Let the ultrasonic nozzle spray distance be D. Without considering the influence of other factors, we can obtain: D=d / (2*tan(θ)); d represents the ultrasonic nozzle diameter, θ represents the ultrasonic nozzle tilt angle. At the same time, according to the principle of tangent function, the larger the ultrasonic nozzle tilt angle, the smaller the ultrasonic nozzle spray distance.

[0020] The control system uses the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, which causes the second gear to drive the first gear, and the guide tube is driven to rotate, so that the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle is θ3. At this time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f1 or f2.

[0021] When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is 1, it is fed back to the control system. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is slightly less than V1. The control system controls the third vibrator to use the vibration amplitude A1. The control system uses the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, so that the second gear drives the first gear, thereby causing the guide tube to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle θ3. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f1.

[0022] When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is k2, it is fed back to the control system, 1>k2>k3. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is V2, V1>V2. The control system controls the third vibrator to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A2. The control system controls the tilt angle θ2 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, so that the second gear drives the first gear, thereby causing the guide tube to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle θ2. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f1 or f2.

[0023] When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is k3, it is fed back to the control system. k2>k3. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is V3. V2>V3. The control system controls the third vibrator to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A3. The control system controls the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, so that the second gear drives the first gear, thereby causing the guide tube to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle θ3. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f2 or f3.

[0024] Advantages of this invention:

[0025] The feed pipe introduces raw coal into the distribution box. The impact and restriction effect of the distribution box can widen the flow width of the raw coal and make it evenly enter the sorting trough. At the same time, the distribution box can be disassembled for maintenance to ensure the normal operation of the production equipment.

[0026] After the raw coal enters the feeding box, because the feeding box is tilted at the side of the sorting trough, the raw coal will not flow into the collection box. At the same time, the drive motor is started, causing multiple cams to start rotating. With the help of the first spring, the electromagnet rods can be driven to slide inside the feeding box, thereby inserting into the raw coal that has entered the feeding box. This can adsorb iron filings or iron objects in the raw coal. At the same time, because the phase angle between adjacent cams is set to be greater than 30°, each electromagnet rod can be inserted into different areas of the raw coal at the same time, ensuring the adsorption effect and reducing the main impurities in the flotation product.

[0027] The left-right vibration of the combing brush can provide greater cutting and separating force, helping to reduce the interaction between material particles, thus making it easier for the material to disperse; the up-down vibration of the combing brush itself can also increase the gap between material particles, which helps to disperse the material; by starting the third vibrator, and with the action of the third spring, the agitator plate vibrates, further agitating the raw coal, forming a shovel-like material spreading effect, thus achieving the diffusion of the raw coal.

[0028] Ultrasonic nozzles can spray water containing tiny bubbles. These tiny bubbles adhere to the surface of coal particles, forming bubble-encapsulated coal particles. During the sorting process, the bubble-encapsulated coal particles are separated from other impurities due to factors such as density and surface properties, thereby further improving the sorting effect. Attached image description:

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure described in this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric box structure described in this invention;

[0032] Figure 3 As described in this invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of partial cross-section of the structure;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the sorting tank described in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 As described in this invention Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Sorting machine body; 2. Sorting trough; 3. Feeding box; 4. Electromagnetic rod; 5. Collection box; 6. Fixing block; 7. First spring; 8. Cam; 9. Monostable button switch; 10. Combing brush; 11. Rubber plate; 12. Positioning sliding block; 13. Positioning key-shaped sliding hole; 14. Positioning U-shaped frame; 15. Second spring; 16. First vibrator; 17. Second vibrator; 18. Actuating plate; 19. Third vibrator; 20. Third spring; 21. Arc-shaped top plate; 22. Conduit; 23. Ultrasonic nozzle; 24. Fixing plate; 25. Connecting pipe; 26. Liquid supply device; 27. Ultrasonic oscillator; 28. First gear; 29. ​​Second gear; 30. Stepper motor; 31. Flow rate sensor; 32. Particle analyzer; 33. Detailed implementation method:

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a heavy medium shallow trough separator includes a separator body 1, which includes a separator trough 2. The rear side of the separator trough 2 is provided with a feed pipe 4 and a material distribution box 3. Multiple feed pipes 4 are horizontally fixed at equal intervals at the bottom of multiple material distribution boxes 3 and are connected to the material distribution boxes 3. Multiple material distribution boxes 3 are fixedly connected in sequence. The material distribution boxes 3 are inclinedly arranged on the side of the separator trough 2 and are detachably connected to the side wall of the separator trough 2 by bolts. The bottom output end of the material distribution box 3 is connected to the input end of the separator trough 2.

[0038] During use, the feed pipe 4 introduces raw coal into the distribution box 3. The impact and restriction function of the distribution box 3 can be used to widen the flow width of the raw coal and evenly enter the sorting tank 2. At the same time, the distribution box 3 can be disassembled for maintenance to ensure the normal operation of the production equipment.

[0039] Multiple electromagnet rods 5 are movably connected inside the top of the fabric box 3. One end of each electromagnet rod 5 passes through the fabric box 3 and the collection box 6 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing block 7. The collection box 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the fabric box 3 and is set perpendicular to the fabric box 3. A first spring 8 is fixed between each fixing block 7 and the side wall of the collection box 6. The side edge of the fixing block 7 is rounded. The first spring 8 is sleeved on the electromagnet rod 5. The side end of each fixing block 7 is in contact with the corresponding cam 9. Multiple cams 9 are fixed on the rotating shaft. The phase angle between adjacent cams 9 is greater than 30°. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bracket. The other end passes through the bracket and is fixedly connected to the drive motor. The drive motor is fixed on the bracket. A monostable button switch 10 is provided on the other side of each cam 9. The monostable button switch 10 is fixed on the bracket.

[0040] The bottom surface of the collection box 6 is set with a slope. A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the collection box 6, and a valve is fixed on the discharge pipe. Multiple electromagnets 5 are electrically connected to the battery pack, and a monostable push-button switch 10 is electrically connected between the multiple electromagnets 5 and the battery pack.

[0041] In this way, when raw coal enters the feeding box 3, because the feeding box 3 is tilted at the side of the sorting trough 2, the raw coal will not flow into the collection box 6. At the same time, the drive motor is started, causing multiple cams 9 to start rotating. With the help of the force of the first spring 8, the electromagnet rod 5 can be driven to slide in the feeding box 3, thereby inserting into the raw coal that has entered the feeding box 3. It can adsorb iron filings or iron objects in the raw coal. At the same time, because the phase angle between adjacent cams 9 is set to be greater than 30°, each electromagnet rod 5 can be inserted into different areas of the raw coal at the same time, ensuring the adsorption effect.

[0042] The specific process is as follows:

[0043] When the cam 9 rotates, the first spring 8 is compressed, and the electromagnet rod 5 is inserted into the raw coal. At the same time, the monostable button switch 10 is in the pop-up state, indicating that the electromagnet rod 5 is energized and can magnetically attract iron filings or iron objects in the raw coal.

[0044] When the cam 9 rotates, the first spring 8 continuously recovers, the electromagnet rod 5 is pulled out from the raw coal and moved away from the raw coal. At the same time, the cam 9 can contact the monostable button switch 10, and the monostable button switch 10 is pressed, indicating that the electromagnet rod 5 is de-energized and loses its magnetic attraction ability. At the same time, the electromagnet rod 5 also slides to the collection box 6, so that the iron filings or iron objects adsorbed on the electromagnet rod 5 will fall into the collection box 6.

[0045] Each material distribution box 3 is movably connected to a combing brush 11 at its bottom. The combing brush 11 is set perpendicular to the flow direction of the raw coal in the material distribution box 3. A rubber plate 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the combing brush 11. The rubber plate 12 is fitted to the top of the material distribution box 3. A positioning sliding block 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the rubber plate 12. The positioning sliding block 13 passes through the positioning key-shaped sliding hole 14 and extends out of the top of the material distribution box 3. Multiple positioning sliding blocks 13 are fixedly connected to a positioning U-shaped frame 15. The two ends of the positioning U-shaped frame 15 span multiple material distribution boxes 3. Multiple second springs 16 are fixedly connected between the two ends of the positioning U-shaped frame 15 and the side wall of the material distribution box 3. A first vibrator 17 is also fixed on one side of the positioning U-shaped frame 15. The first vibrator 17 can work with the force of the second spring 16 to drive the positioning U-shaped frame 15 to vibrate back and forth.

[0046] A second vibrator 18 is also fixed on the positioning sliding block 13. The second vibrator 18 can be combined with the elastic physical properties of the rubber plate 12, so that the positioning sliding block 13 vibrates up and down.

[0047] During use, the first vibrator 17 and the second vibrator 18 are activated respectively, which drives the positioning sliding block 13 to vibrate in different directions (up, down, left, and right). At the same time, because the combing brush 11 is set perpendicular to the flow direction of the raw coal in the material box 3, the left and right vibration of the combing brush 11 can provide greater cutting and separating forces, helping to reduce the interaction between material particles, thus making the material easier to disperse. By using the up and down vibration of the combing brush 11 itself, the gap between material particles can also be increased, which helps to disperse the material.

[0048] Each fabric box 3 is also movably connected to a toggle plate 19 at its bottom, and the two sides of the toggle plate 19 are respectively hinged to the bottom side wall of the fabric box 3 through hinge shafts. The included angle between the toggle plate 19 and the bottom wall of the fabric box 3 is set at 10°-20°. A third vibrator 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the toggle plate 19. Multiple third springs 21 are fixed between the bottom of the toggle plate 19 and the bottom plate of the fabric box 3. The third vibrator 20 is located on the upper end of the third springs 21.

[0049] During use, when the raw coal in the feed box 3 flows to the agitator plate 19, the third vibrator 20 is activated. At the same time, with the force of the third spring 21, the agitator plate 19 vibrates, further agitating the raw coal, forming a shovel-like material spreading effect, thus spreading the raw coal.

[0050] The toggle plate 19 is made of a composite material composed of shape memory polymer and carbon fiber. This composite material combines the shape memory effect of shape memory polymer with the strength and stiffness of carbon fiber as a reinforcing material, and can realize the function of automatic recovery after local deformation.

[0051] When the toggle plate 19 is subjected to external force, the bulge is locally lifted, the shape memory polymer is activated and restores its original shape, thereby eliminating the bulge;

[0052] Multiple arc-shaped top plates 22 are attached to the bottom of the actuating plate 19. The multiple arc-shaped top plates 22 are arranged at equal intervals on the upper end of the third vibrator 20. The arc-shaped top plates 22 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fabric box 3 through connecting rods.

[0053] During use, when the third vibrator 20 is started, the toggle plate 19 will come into contact with the arc-shaped top plate 22 during downward vibration. The arc-shaped top plate 22 can partially lift the toggle plate 19 to form a bulge. Then, during upward vibration, the shape memory polymer in the material of the toggle plate 19 will be activated and restore its original shape, thereby eliminating the bulge.

[0054] In this way, during the vibration and oscillation of the agitator plate 19, the surface of the agitator plate 19 will also form a wave-like pattern at intervals. The wave-like pattern can increase the friction on the surface of the agitator plate 19, making the raw coal particles more susceptible to the influence of vibration, promoting mutual collision and friction between the raw coal particles, which helps in the separation and screening of raw coal particles; at the same time, the wave-like pattern can make the raw coal particles more evenly distributed on the surface of the agitator plate 19, avoiding the accumulation of raw coal particles.

[0055] A nozzle group is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the input end of the sorting tank 2. The nozzle group includes multiple ultrasonic nozzles 24 that are fixed in a horizontal row at equal intervals on the guide tube 23. The ultrasonic nozzles 24 can spray water containing microbubbles. These microbubbles will adhere to the surface of the coal particles to form coal particles wrapped in bubbles. During the sorting process, the coal particles wrapped in bubbles will be separated from other impurities due to factors such as density and surface properties, thereby further improving the sorting effect.

[0056] One end of the conduit 23 extends out of the input end of the sorting tank 2 and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 25. The fixed plate 25 is inserted into the connecting pipe 26 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 26. The conduit 23 is connected to the connecting pipe 26. The connecting pipe 26 is fixedly connected to the liquid supply device 27 and the liquid supply device 27 is fixed on the heavy medium shallow tank sorting machine. An ultrasonic oscillator 28 is also fixed on the connecting pipe 26 and is fixed on the outer wall of the input end of the sorting tank 2. The ultrasonic oscillator 28 can generate continuous waves.

[0057] During operation, the ultrasonic oscillator 28 and the liquid supply device 27 are started to generate continuous waves. In continuous wave mode, the ultrasonic oscillator 28 continuously generates high-frequency vibrations, and the liquid is dispersed into fine droplets, which flow through the conduit 23 to the ultrasonic nozzle 24, so that the ultrasonic nozzle 24 achieves a stable spraying effect.

[0058] A first gear 29 is fixed on the side end of the conduit 23 that extends out of the input end of the sorting tank 2. The first gear 29 is located on the side end of the fixed plate 25 and meshes with the second gear 30. One side of the second gear 30 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the sorting tank 2 via a rotating shaft, and the other side is fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor 31. The stepper motor 31 is fixed on the sorting tank 2 via a support frame. An angle plate is fixed on the first gear 29.

[0059] When in operation, the stepper motor 31 starts, and the second gear 30 drives the first gear 29, causing the guide tube 23 to rotate, thereby changing the angle of the output end of the ultrasonic nozzle 24 and changing the area of ​​the ultrasonic nozzle 24's spray area.

[0060] Multiple first annular grooves and first annular protrusions are fixed on the outer wall of the fixed plate 25. The first annular grooves and first annular protrusions are spaced apart on the outer wall of the fixed plate 25. Multiple second annular grooves and second annular protrusions are fixed on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 26. The second annular grooves and second annular protrusions are spaced apart on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 26. The first annular protrusions can be inserted into the second annular grooves and the second annular protrusions can be inserted into the first annular grooves.

[0061] Because the first annular protrusion can be inserted into the second annular groove, and the second annular protrusion can be inserted into the first annular groove, the fixed plate 25 and the connecting pipe 26 achieve a rotational labyrinth sealing effect during the rotation of the guide tube 23, ensuring the normal operation of the ultrasonic nozzle 24.

[0062] A method for auxiliary sorting at the feed end of a heavy medium shallow tank separator, comprising the following steps:

[0063] A flow rate sensor 32 is fixedly installed on the top of the input end side of the sorting tank 2. At the same time, a particle analyzer 33 is fixed on the material box 3. The flow rate sensor 32 and the particle analyzer 33 are respectively connected to the control system. The control system is also connected to the stepper motor 31 and the ultrasonic oscillator 28, and to the third vibrator 20.

[0064] The control system is set with a particle size ratio matrix (the particle size ratio refers to the ratio of the number of large particles to the number of small particles) monitored by particle analyzer 33 as k0, and k0 is set as (k1, k2, k3; k1>1>k2>k3);

[0065] The control system is equipped with a flow velocity matrix V0 detected by flow velocity sensor 32, and V0 is set to (V1, V2, V3; V1>V2>V3);

[0066] The control system is equipped with a third vibrator 20, and the vibration amplitude matrix A0 is set to A0 (A1, A2, A3; A1>A2>A3);

[0067] The control system is configured with an ultrasonic nozzle 24 tilt angle matrix θ0, and θ0 is set as (θ1, θ2, θ3; θ1>θ2>θ3>0);

[0068] The control system is equipped with a frequency matrix f0 of ultrasonic oscillator 28, and f0 is set to (f1, f2, f3; f1>f2>f3>0);

[0069] When the particle size ratio monitored by particle analyzer 33 is k1, it is fed back to the control system. If k1>1, it means that the number of medium and large particles in the raw coal is relatively large, indicating that the raw coal particles are not easy to disperse. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by flow velocity sensor 32 is V1, and the falling speed is relatively fast.

[0070] The control system controls the third vibrator 20 to vibrate with a vibration amplitude of A1, so that after the raw coal leaves the agitator plate 19, it is lifted at a greater angle, allowing the raw coal particles to disperse more fully.

[0071] At the same time, the parabolic motion and the horizontal motion are far apart, and the flight height and horizontal displacement of the raw coal particles will be large. At this time, the ultrasonic nozzle 24 needs to spray a greater distance to ensure that the generated bubbles can fully adhere to the surface of the coal particles and improve the separation effect.

[0072] Let the spray distance of the ultrasonic nozzle 24 be D. Without considering the influence of other factors, we can obtain: D = d / (2*tan(θ)); d represents the diameter of the ultrasonic nozzle 24, θ represents the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle 24. At the same time, according to the principle of tangent function, the larger the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle 24, the smaller the spray distance of the ultrasonic nozzle 24.

[0073] Therefore, in order to ensure the optimal spray distance of the ultrasonic nozzle 24, the control system adopts the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle 24. The control system starts the stepper motor 31, so that the second gear 30 drives the first gear 29, thereby causing the guide tube 23 to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle 24 θ3.

[0074] Meanwhile, considering that the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer 33 is k1 at this time, and that it is at the maximum monitoring value, the part exceeding the value cannot be detected, the control system can also control the ultrasonic oscillator 28 to increase the frequency, and further increase the spray distance of the ultrasonic nozzle 24. At this time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator 28 to f1 or f2.

[0075] When the particle size ratio monitored by particle analyzer 33 is 1, it is fed back to the control system, indicating that the number of medium and large particles in the raw coal is basically equal and at the critical value. The raw coal is still not easy to disperse. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by flow velocity sensor 32 is slightly less than V1. The control system controls the third vibrator 20 to use vibration amplitude A1.

[0076] At this time, the flight height and horizontal displacement of the raw coal particles decrease. The control system uses the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle 24 to start the stepper motor 31, so that the second gear 30 drives the first gear 29, thereby causing the guide tube 23 to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle 24 θ3. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator 28 to f1.

[0077] When the particle size ratio monitored by particle analyzer 33 is k2, it is fed back to the control system. If 1>k2>k3, it indicates that the number of small and medium-sized particles in the raw coal is slightly higher, and the raw coal is still in a state of not being easy to disperse. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by flow velocity sensor 32 is V2, and V1>V2, indicating that the flow velocity is reduced. Then the control system controls the third vibrator 20 to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A2.

[0078] At this time, the control system uses the tilt angle θ2 of the ultrasonic nozzle 24, and starts the stepper motor 31, so that the second gear 30 drives the first gear 29, thereby causing the guide tube 23 to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle 24 θ2. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator 28 to f1 or f2.

[0079] When the particle size ratio monitored by particle analyzer 33 is k3, it is fed back to the control system. k2>k3 indicates that there are a large number of small and medium-sized particles in the raw coal, and the raw coal is in a state where it is not easy to disperse. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by flow velocity sensor 32 is V3. V2>V3, and the flow velocity is greatly reduced. Then the control system controls the third vibrator 20 to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A3.

[0080] At this time, the control system uses the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle 24, and starts the stepper motor 31, so that the second gear 30 drives the first gear 29, thereby causing the guide tube 23 to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle 24 θ3. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator 28 to f2 or f3.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shallow trough heavy medium separator, comprising a separator body, wherein the separator body includes a sorting trough, and an overflow component and a feeding component are respectively fixed to the front and rear sides of the sorting trough, the feeding component performing the feeding operation, and the overflow component performing the sorting overflow function, characterized in that, The feeding assembly includes a feeding pipe and a material distribution box located on the rear side of the sorting tank. Multiple feeding pipes are horizontally fixed at equal intervals to the bottom of multiple material distribution boxes and are connected to the material distribution boxes. Multiple material distribution boxes are fixedly connected in sequence. The material distribution boxes are inclinedly arranged on the side of the sorting tank and are detachably connected to the side wall of the sorting tank by bolts. The bottom output end of the material distribution box is connected to the input end of the sorting tank. A magnetic component is movably arranged inside the feeding assembly, and the magnetic component can remove iron impurities from the raw coal in different areas of the feeding assembly. The output end of the feeding component is also provided with a dispersion component and a lifting component. The dispersion component is located on the upper end of the lifting component. The dispersion component can help the raw coal particles to disperse more, and the lifting component can further expand the dispersion degree of the raw coal particles after entering the sorting tank. The sorting tank is also equipped with a sorting auxiliary device, which is located close to the output end of the feeding component and can help sort out more coal particles. A magnetic component is movably connected inside the top of the fabric box. The magnetic component includes a magnetic element, a driving element, and a control element. The magnetic element slides through the fabric box and the collection box in sequence. The collection box is fixedly connected to the top of the fabric box and is perpendicular to the fabric box. The driving element is attached to the end of the magnetic element on the outside of the collection box. The driving element can drive the magnetic element to insert into different areas of the fabric box. A control element is also provided on the other side of the driving element. The control element is fixedly connected to the driving element through a bracket. The driving element can trigger the control element. The control element is electrically connected to the magnetic element. The bottom surface of the collection box is set with an incline. A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the collection box. A valve is fixed on the discharge pipe. The magnetic component includes multiple electromagnet rods. One end of each electromagnet rod passes through the fabric box and the collection box in sequence and is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing block. A first spring is fixed between each fixing block and the side wall of the collection box. The side edge of the fixing block is rounded, and the first spring is sleeved on the electromagnet rod. The driving component includes cams that are respectively contacted on the side of each fixed block, and multiple cams are fixed on a rotating shaft. The phase angle between adjacent cams is set to be greater than 30°. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bracket, and the other end passes through the bracket and is fixedly connected to the drive motor. The drive motor is fixed on the bracket. The control component has a monostable button switch corresponding to the other side of each cam. The monostable button switch is fixed on the bracket, and multiple electromagnets are respectively electrically connected to the battery pack via monostable button switches.

2. The heavy medium shallow tank sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evacuation assembly includes a combing brush movably connected to the bottom of each distribution box. The combing brush is perpendicular to the flow direction of the raw coal in the distribution box. A rubber plate is fixedly connected to the top of the combing brush. The rubber plate is fitted against the top of the distribution box. A positioning sliding block is fixedly connected to the top of the rubber plate. The positioning sliding block passes through a positioning key-shaped sliding hole and extends out of the top of the distribution box. Multiple positioning sliding blocks are fixedly connected to a positioning U-shaped frame. The two ends of the positioning U-shaped frame span multiple distribution boxes. Multiple second springs are fixedly connected between the two ends of the positioning U-shaped frame and the side wall of the distribution box. A first vibrator is also fixed to one end of the positioning U-shaped frame. The first vibrator can drive the positioning U-shaped frame to vibrate back and forth left and right in conjunction with the force of the second spring. A second vibrator is also fixed to the positioning sliding block. The second vibrator can cooperate with the elastic physical properties of the rubber plate to make the positioning sliding block vibrate up and down.

3. The heavy medium shallow tank sorting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material lifting assembly includes a lever plate movably connected to the bottom of each material box, and the two sides of the lever plate are respectively hinged to the bottom side wall of the material box via hinge shafts. The included angle between the lever plate and the bottom wall of the material box is set at 10°-20°. A third vibrator is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lever plate. Multiple third springs are fixed between the bottom of the lever plate and the bottom plate of the material box. The third vibrator is located on the upper end of the third spring.

4. A shallow tank heavy medium separator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The actuating plate is made of a composite material composed of shape memory polymer and carbon fiber. Multiple arc-shaped top plates are attached to the bottom of the actuating plate. The multiple arc-shaped top plates are arranged at equal intervals on the upper end of the third vibrator. The arc-shaped top plates are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fabric box through connecting rods.

5. A shallow tank heavy medium separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sorting auxiliary device includes a nozzle group located at the inner bottom of the sorting tank input end. The nozzle group includes multiple ultrasonic nozzles arranged horizontally at equal intervals and fixed to a guide tube. The ultrasonic nozzles can spray water containing microbubbles, which adhere to the surface of coal particles, forming coal particles encapsulated by bubbles. One end of the guide tube extends out of the sorting tank input end and is fixedly connected to a fixed plate. The fixed plate is inserted into a connecting pipe and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe. The guide tube and the connecting pipe are connected in communication. The connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a liquid supply device, which is fixed on the heavy medium shallow tank separator. An ultrasonic oscillator is also fixed on the connecting pipe and is fixed on the outer wall of the sorting tank input end. The ultrasonic oscillator can generate continuous waves.

6. A shallow tank heavy medium separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first gear is fixed to the side end of the conduit that extends out of the input end of the sorting slot. The first gear is located on the side end of the fixed disk and meshes with a second gear. One side of the second gear is rotatably connected to the side wall of the sorting slot via a rotating shaft, and the other side is fixedly connected to the output end of a stepper motor. The stepper motor is fixed to the sorting slot via a support frame. An angle disk is fixed to the first gear. Multiple first annular grooves and first annular protrusions are fixed to the outer wall of the fixed disk. The first annular grooves and first annular protrusions are spaced apart on the outer wall of the fixed disk. Multiple second annular grooves and second annular protrusions are fixed to the inner wall of the connecting pipe. The second annular grooves and second annular protrusions are spaced apart on the inner wall of the connecting pipe, and the first annular protrusions can be inserted into the second annular grooves and the second annular protrusions can be inserted into the first annular grooves.

7. A feeding-end auxiliary sorting method for a heavy medium shallow trough separator, based on the heavy medium shallow trough separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: A flow rate sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the input end of the sorting tank, and a particle analyzer is fixed on the material box. The flow rate sensor and the particle analyzer are respectively connected to the control system. The control system is also connected to the stepper motor and the ultrasonic oscillator, and to the third vibrator. The control system is configured with a particle size ratio matrix (the ratio of large particles to small particles) monitored by a particle analyzer, denoted as k0, and k0 is set to (k1, k2, k3; k1>1>k2>k3). The control system is also configured with a flow velocity matrix V0 monitored by a flow velocity sensor, denoted as V0, and V0 is set to (V1, V2, V3; V1>V2>V3). Furthermore, the control system is configured with a vibration amplitude matrix A0 for a third vibrator, denoted as A0, and A0 is set to (A1, A2, A3; A1>A2>A3). Additionally, the control system is configured with an ultrasonic nozzle tilt angle matrix θ0, denoted as θ0, and θ0 is set to (θ1, θ2, θ3; θ1>θ2>θ3>0). Finally, the control system is configured with an ultrasonic oscillator frequency matrix f0, denoted as f0, and f0 is set to (f1, f2, f3; f1>f2>f3>0). When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is k1, it is fed back to the control system. If k1>1, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is V1, and the control system controls the third vibrator to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A1. Let the ultrasonic nozzle spray distance be D. Without considering the influence of other factors, we can obtain: D = d / (2 * tan(θ)); d represents the ultrasonic nozzle diameter, θ represents the ultrasonic nozzle tilt angle. Furthermore, according to the principle of the tangent function, the larger the ultrasonic nozzle tilt angle, the smaller the ultrasonic nozzle spray distance. The control system uses the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, which causes the second gear to drive the first gear, and the guide tube is driven to rotate, so that the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle is θ3. At this time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f1 or f2. When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is 1, it is fed back to the control system. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is slightly less than V1. The control system controls the third vibrator to use the vibration amplitude A1. The control system uses the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, so that the second gear drives the first gear, thereby causing the guide tube to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle θ3. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f1. When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is k2, it is fed back to the control system, 1>k2>k3. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is V2, V1>V2. The control system controls the third vibrator to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A2. The control system controls the tilt angle θ2 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, so that the second gear drives the first gear, thereby causing the guide tube to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle θ2. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f1 or f2. When the particle size ratio monitored by the particle analyzer is k3, it is fed back to the control system. k2>k3. At the same time, the flow velocity monitored by the flow velocity sensor is V3. V2>V3. The control system controls the third vibrator to vibrate with a vibration amplitude A3. The control system controls the tilt angle θ3 of the ultrasonic nozzle. The control system starts the stepper motor, so that the second gear drives the first gear, thereby causing the guide tube to rotate and making the tilt angle of the ultrasonic nozzle θ3. At the same time, the control system can control the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillator to f2 or f3.

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