Abrasive air jet slotting device with abrasive recovery dust removal function and abrasive recovery dust removal method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of abrasive air jet, and particularly relates to an abrasive air jet slotting device with abrasive recycling and dust removal function and an abrasive recycling and dust removal method. The device comprises a jet slotting assembly and an abrasive recycling assembly. The abrasive recycling assembly sends recycled materials to an ultrasonic vibrating screen for screening, recycling and reuse through a conveyor belt and a spiral feeding assembly. The jet slotting assembly comprises an air compressor, the outlet of the air compressor is connected with a high-pressure gas cylinder, the high-pressure gas cylinder is connected with an abrasive tank, the abrasive tank is connected with an abrasive injection pipeline through an outlet pipeline, the end of the abrasive injection pipeline is provided with a jet nozzle, the jet nozzle is supported by a movable telescopic arm and fixed on a propulsion beam. The device further comprises a controller which is electrically connected with the jet slotting assembly, the abrasive recycling assembly and the ultrasonic vibrating screen. The present application has the advantages of simple operation, wide application range and high recycling efficiency, and solves the problems of difficult abrasive recycling and large dust in the construction process of the abrasive air jet in the underground construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of abrasive air jet technology, and particularly relates to an abrasive air jet grooving device and abrasive recovery and dust removal method with abrasive recovery and dust removal function. Background Technology

[0002] To reduce tool wear and extend tool life, grooving-assisted rock breaking methods have been proposed in recent years. Among these, abrasive air jet grooving-assisted rock breaking technology overcomes the bottlenecks of high energy consumption and poor safety associated with traditional rock breaking techniques. However, this method still faces challenges such as difficulty in abrasive recovery and excessive dust during construction. Ultrasonic vibrating screens convert 220V, 50Hz or 110V, 60Hz electrical energy into 38kHz high-frequency electrical energy, which is then input into an ultrasonic transducer, transforming it into 38kHz mechanical vibration to achieve efficient screening and screen cleaning. This system, based on a traditional vibrating screen, adds a high-frequency, low-amplitude ultrasonic vibrator to the screen mesh, solving screening problems related to strong adsorption, easy agglomeration, high static electricity, high fineness, high density, and low specific gravity.

[0003] To improve rock-breaking efficiency and reduce tool wear, patent number 202321790504.9 discloses "A Rock-Breaking Device and System for Underground Engineering Based on Laser Cutting." This method first uses a laser system to create a first groove on the rock surface, then, after unloading the surrounding rock stress, performs a second cut on the central area. While this grooving process effectively improves rock-breaking efficiency and reduces tool wear, it consumes a significant amount of energy and places high demands on the system's performance and safety. Patent number 202222723166.9 discloses "A Novel Suspended Abrasive Jet Cutting Device," which reduces overall cutting energy consumption and improves jet grooving capability, but the problems of severe abrasive waste and recycling remain unresolved. Low-temperature, low-pressure, and low-energy-consumption rock-breaking technology represents the future development trend for assisted rock-breaking and tunneling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an abrasive air jet grooving device and abrasive recovery and dust removal method with abrasive recovery and dust removal functions. It has the advantages of simple operation, wide applicability, and high recovery efficiency, and solves the technical problems of difficult abrasive recovery and large amount of smoke and dust during abrasive air jet construction in underground construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An abrasive air jet grooving device with abrasive recovery and dust removal function includes a jet grooving assembly located at the top of the frame and an abrasive recovery assembly located at the bottom of the jet grooving assembly in front of the frame. The abrasive recovery assembly sends the recovered material to an ultrasonic vibrating screen for screening and recycling via a conveyor belt and a spiral feeding assembly. The jet grooving assembly includes an air compressor, the air compressor outlet of which is connected to a high-pressure air cylinder via a high-pressure air line. A ball valve is installed on the high-pressure air line to open the high-pressure air cylinder. The high-pressure air cylinder is connected to an abrasive tank via a high-pressure air line. The abrasive tank is connected to an abrasive ejection pipe via an outlet pipe. A jet nozzle is installed at the end of the abrasive ejection pipe. The jet nozzle is supported by a movable telescopic arm and fixed on a propulsion beam. High-pressure air and abrasive are pre-mixed within the ejection pipe. High-speed gas drives particles to the nozzle; the nozzle accelerates the gas jet to 700 m / s, and the hypersonic air jet accelerates the abrasive to over 300 m / s; the abrasive recovery assembly includes a bucket, turntables at both ends above the bucket, and a three-section rotating recovery arm fixed on each turntable. The rotating rod at the front end of the recovery arm faces the conveyor belt inlet, and the conveyor belt outlet is connected to the inlet of the screw feeding assembly. When the machine starts grooving, the rock chips, unused abrasive, and used waste generated by the abrasive air jet grooving fall into the bucket located at the front of the vehicle. The turntable drives the mechanical recovery arm to collect them into the screw feeding device via the conveyor belt; it also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the ultrasonic vibrating screen. The controller controls the movable telescopic arm through a hydraulic system.

[0006] Furthermore, the spiral feeding assembly includes an upwardly inclined spiral mandrel. One end of the spiral mandrel is equipped with a motor and a reducer. A sleeve is provided outside the spiral mandrel. One end of the sleeve is located at the bottom of the frame, and the other end passes through the frame and is located above the ultrasonic vibrating screen. The upper part of the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a material inlet, and the bottom of the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a discharge port. The material inlet at the lower end of the sleeve is connected to the conveyor belt outlet, and the discharge port at the upper end of the sleeve is connected to the feed inlet of the ultrasonic vibrating screen. After the abrasive and rock chips enter through the recycling port, the motor and the reducer drive the spiral mandrel to feed the abrasive and rock chips into the feed inlet of the ultrasonic vibrating screen.

[0007] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibrating screen includes an ultrasonic mesh frame, which consists of an upper frame, a middle frame, and a bottom frame. A screen is installed between the upper and middle frames, and between the middle and bottom frames, respectively. The aperture of the upper screen is larger than that of the lower screen. The upper frame has an upper discharge port, the middle frame has a middle discharge port, and the bottom frame has a lower discharge port. A dust cover is installed on the top of the ultrasonic mesh frame, with a feed inlet at its center. A vibrating body is installed at the bottom of the ultrasonic mesh frame, connected to the bottom frame by a spring. The vibrating body includes a counterweight and a vibration motor located on the central axis at the bottom of the ultrasonic mesh frame. Transducers are also installed on the middle and bottom frames, connected to an ultrasonic generator via signal lines. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by a controller to transmit high-frequency signals. Electrical energy is transmitted to the transducer, which converts high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. A large amount of abrasive and detached gravel generated during the grooving process enters the upper block screening zone through the feed inlet. Under the vibration of the vibrating motor, the upper screen discharges the larger gravel through the upper discharge outlet. The remaining unused abrasive and used abrasive enter the middle abrasive recycling zone through the upper screen. Since the particle size of the unused abrasive is larger than that of the used abrasive, the unused abrasive is screened out by the middle abrasive screen section and automatically collected from the middle discharge outlet under the vibration of the original vibrating motor and the superimposed ultrasonic vibration. The used abrasive enters the lower waste collection zone through the screen and is discharged from the lower discharge outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the abrasive jar includes an abrasive barrel, a stirrer disposed inside the abrasive barrel, and a screw feeder located at the discharge port at the bottom of the abrasive barrel. The top of the abrasive barrel is provided with a feed inlet, and a diverter tee is provided on the high-pressure gas line of the high-pressure gas storage cylinder. The outlet of the diverter tee is provided with a balance gas pipe and a high-pressure gas pipe. The pressure of the balance gas pipe is higher than that of the high-pressure gas pipe. The other end of the balance gas pipe is connected to the top of the abrasive barrel, and the other end of the high-pressure gas pipe is connected to the screw feeder and then flows into the high-pressure hose and is sent to the jet nozzle. The purpose of this arrangement is to provide a certain pressure to the abrasive to control the uniform feeding of the abrasive. The feeding speed of the abrasive is not affected by the weight of the abrasive, and the abrasive is pre-mixed when it meets the low-pressure gas in the high-pressure hose. The low-pressure gas can also form a suction effect on the abrasive.

[0009] Furthermore, an atomizing nozzle is provided on each side of the jet nozzle. The atomizing nozzle is supplied with water from a water tank located on the top of the frame. A vibration chamber is provided at the rear end of the atomizing nozzle. A water inlet is provided at the rear end of the vibration chamber and is connected to the water tank. A piezoelectric transducer is provided in the vibration chamber. The piezoelectric transducer is connected to an ultrasonic generator through a high-frequency ultrasonic input pipe. The ultrasonic generator transmits high-frequency electrical energy to the piezoelectric transducer through wires. The piezoelectric transducer converts the high-frequency electrical energy into ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic waves atomize the water flow into small droplets through high-frequency resonance in the vibration chamber and are sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle to cut off the diffusion of a large amount of dust generated during abrasive air jet cutting, thereby achieving the effect of dust reduction and dust removal. The ultrasonic generator is equipped with a switch and a display screen for turning on the ultrasonic generator and displaying the current output voltage in real time. The ultrasonic generator is connected to the ultrasonic vibrating screen and the ultrasonic atomizing nozzle respectively.

[0010] A method for abrasive recovery and dust removal in an abrasive air jet grooving device with abrasive recovery and dust removal function includes the following steps: S1. Draw a cutting and rock breaking plan according to different lithologies, and the control equipment will automatically calibrate and perform operations according to the preset plan; S2. Check the airtightness of the pipeline and interface. After confirming that there is nothing wrong, close all valves, open the inlet valve of the ultrasonic generator and the high-pressure air cylinder, turn on the air compressor and set the air compressor parameters. When the pressure reaches 2Mpa, the air compressor stops working. When the pressure is lower than 2Mpa, it automatically pressurizes. S3. When the pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder reaches 5 MPa, open the ball valve of the abrasive tank and adjust the outlet pressure of the ball valve to 2 MPa; S4. Turn on the motor of the screw feeder of the abrasive tank, open the hopper to add abrasive to the abrasive tank, turn on the agitator above and control the feeding speed of the screw feeder through the motor, observe the remaining abrasive through the viewing window of the collection hopper, and when the abrasive in the abrasive tank is used up, open the feed pipe on the left side of the upper part of the abrasive tank to ensure the supply of abrasive. S5. The movable telescopic arm is controlled by the hydraulic system to perform low-pressure abrasive air jet cutting according to the preset plan, cutting a Dmm×Lmm groove on the rock surface to unload the local stress of the surrounding rock. S6. During the operation, the abrasive and rock chips generated fall into the bucket. Open the recovery arm and conveyor belt, and open the spiral feeding assembly to enable the abrasive and rock chips to be screened in a timely manner.

[0011] S7. During the grooving process, the ultrasonic vibrating screen is turned on. The abrasive and rock chips enter the vibrating screen through the conveyor belt for screening. After screening, the unused abrasive is added to the abrasive tank through the feed inlet for recycling. S8. The water pump is started at the same time as the grooving, and the water reaches the working surface through the atomizing nozzle to remove the dust generated during the operation. S9. Repeat steps S1-S8 to achieve abrasive air jet grooving and complete dust removal and abrasive recovery.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are: 1. The abrasive air jet grooving device of the present invention utilizes abrasive air jet to break rocks and cut grooves, unloads local stress in the surrounding rock, reduces the difficulty of breaking hard rock, improves the efficiency of hard rock tunneling, and reduces tool wear. 2. The abrasive recovery device in the abrasive air jet grooving device of the present invention enables the recycling of abrasive, reduces material waste, and is more environmentally friendly; 3. The abrasive air jet grooving device of the present invention is equipped with an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, which realizes the removal of dust generated during the operation and ensures the health of the operators. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic vibrating screen in this invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the abrasive tank in this invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the atomizing nozzle structure in this invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral feeding assembly structure in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] As shown in the figure, an abrasive air jet grooving device with abrasive recovery and dust removal function includes a jet grooving assembly located at the top of the frame and an abrasive recovery assembly located at the bottom of the jet grooving assembly in front of the frame. The abrasive recovery assembly sends the recovered material to an ultrasonic vibrating screen 6 for screening and recycling via a conveyor belt 11 and a spiral feeding assembly 7. The jet grooving assembly 4 includes an air compressor 5, the outlet of which is connected to a high-pressure air storage cylinder via a high-pressure air line. A ball valve is provided on the high-pressure air line for opening the high-pressure air storage cylinder. The bottle is connected to the abrasive canister via a high-pressure gas line. The abrasive canister is connected to the abrasive ejection pipe via an outlet pipe. The abrasive ejection pipe has a jet nozzle 1 at its end, which is supported by a movable telescopic arm 2 and fixed to the propulsion beam. High-pressure air and abrasive are pre-mixed within the ejection pipe, and the high-speed gas drives the particles to the nozzle. The nozzle accelerates the gas jet to 700 m / s, and the hypersonic air jet accelerates the abrasive to over 300 m / s. The abrasive recovery assembly includes a bucket 9, located at both ends above the bucket. Turntable 8, each turntable is fixed with a three-section rotating recovery arm 10, the front end of the recovery arm rotating rod is directly facing the inlet of the conveyor belt 11, the outlet of the conveyor belt is connected to the inlet of the spiral feeding assembly 7, the spiral feeding assembly 7 includes an upwardly inclined spiral mandrel 71, one end of the spiral mandrel is equipped with a motor 72 and a reducer 73, a sleeve is provided outside the spiral mandrel, one end of the sleeve is located at the bottom of the frame, the other end passes through the frame and is located above the ultrasonic vibrating screen, the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a recovery material inlet 74, and the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a recovery material inlet 74. The discharge port is 75. The low end of the sleeve is connected to the recycling inlet and the conveyor belt outlet, and the high end of the sleeve is connected to the ultrasonic vibrating screen inlet. After the abrasive and rock chips enter through the recycling port, the motor and reducer drive the spiral mandrel to feed the abrasive and rock chips into the ultrasonic vibrating screen inlet. When the machine starts grooving, the rock chips, unused abrasive and used waste generated by the abrasive air jet grooving fall into the bucket located in front of the vehicle. The turntable drives the mechanical recycling arm to collect them into the spiral feeding assembly via the conveyor belt.The ultrasonic vibrating screen includes an ultrasonic mesh frame 18, which consists of an upper frame 15, a middle frame 20, and a bottom frame 21. A screen is installed between the upper and middle frames, and between the middle and bottom frames, respectively. The aperture of the upper screen is larger than that of the lower screen. The upper frame has an upper discharge port 17, the middle frame has a middle discharge port 19, and the bottom frame has a lower discharge port 22. A dust cover 14 is installed on the top of the ultrasonic mesh frame, with a feed inlet 13 at its center. A vibrator 23 is installed at the bottom of the ultrasonic mesh frame, connected to the bottom frame by a spring 24. The vibrator includes a counterweight 26 located at the central axis of the bottom of the ultrasonic mesh frame and a vibration motor 25. Transducers 16 are also installed on the middle and bottom frames, respectively. The transducers are connected to an ultrasonic generator 28 via a signal connection line 27. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by a controller, which transmits high-frequency electrical energy to the transducer. The transducer converts high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. A large amount of abrasive and detached gravel generated during the grooving process enters the upper block screening area through the feed inlet. Under the vibration of the vibrating motor, the upper screen discharges the larger gravel through the upper discharge outlet. The remaining unused abrasive and used abrasive enter the middle abrasive recycling area through the upper screen. Since the particle size of the unused abrasive is larger than that of the used abrasive, the unused abrasive is screened out by the middle abrasive screen section and automatically collected from the middle discharge outlet under the vibration of the original vibrating motor and the superimposed ultrasonic vibration. The used abrasive enters the lower waste collection area through the screen and is discharged through the lower discharge outlet. The system also includes a controller 3, which is electrically connected to the ultrasonic vibrating screen 6. The controller controls the movable telescopic arm through the hydraulic system.The abrasive container includes an abrasive barrel 29, a stirrer 30 installed inside the abrasive barrel, and a screw feeder 31 located at the discharge port at the bottom of the abrasive barrel. The top of the abrasive barrel has a feed inlet. A high-pressure gas cylinder 35 has a diversion tee 32 on its high-pressure gas line. The outlet of the diversion tee has a balance gas pipe 33 and a high-pressure gas pipe 34. When the abrasive is jetted, the pressure of the balance gas pipe is higher than that of the high-pressure gas pipe. The other end of the balance gas pipe is connected to the top of the abrasive barrel, and the other end of the high-pressure gas pipe is connected to the screw feeder and then flows into the high-pressure hose and is sent to the jet nozzle 1. The purpose of this arrangement is to give the abrasive a certain pressure to control the uniform feeding of the abrasive. The feeding speed of the abrasive is not affected by the weight of the abrasive. The abrasive is pre-mixed when it meets the low-pressure gas in the high-pressure hose, and the low-pressure gas can also form a suction effect on the abrasive. Atomizing nozzles are located on both sides of the jet nozzle. These nozzles are supplied with water from a water tank 12 located on the top of the vehicle frame. A vibration chamber 37 is located at the rear of each atomizing nozzle, with a water inlet 38 at its tail end, connected to the water tank. A piezoelectric transducer 39 is located within the vibration chamber, connected to an ultrasonic generator 28 via a high-frequency ultrasonic input pipe. The ultrasonic generator transmits high-frequency electrical energy to the piezoelectric transducer via wires, converting the high-frequency electrical energy into ultrasonic waves. These ultrasonic waves atomize the water flow into small droplets through high-frequency resonance within the vibration chamber, which are then ejected from the atomizing nozzles. This cuts off the diffusion of a large amount of dust generated during abrasive air jet cutting, achieving dust reduction and removal. The ultrasonic generator is equipped with a switch and a display screen for turning it on and displaying the current output voltage in real time. The ultrasonic generator is connected to both the ultrasonic vibrating screen and the ultrasonic atomizing nozzles.

[0019] A method for abrasive recovery and dust removal in an abrasive air jet grooving device with abrasive recovery and dust removal function includes the following steps: S1. Draw a cutting and rock breaking plan according to different lithologies, and the control equipment will automatically calibrate and perform operations according to the preset plan; S2. Check the airtightness of the pipeline and interface. After confirming that there is nothing wrong, close all valves, open the inlet valve of the ultrasonic generator and the high-pressure air cylinder, turn on the air compressor and set the air compressor parameters. When the pressure reaches 2Mpa, the air compressor stops working. When the pressure is lower than 2Mpa, it automatically pressurizes. S3. When the pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder reaches 5 MPa, open the ball valve of the abrasive tank and adjust the outlet pressure of the ball valve to 2 MPa; S4. Turn on the motor of the screw feeder of the abrasive tank, open the hopper to add abrasive to the abrasive tank, turn on the agitator above and control the feeding speed of the screw feeder through the motor, observe the remaining abrasive through the viewing window of the collection hopper, and when the abrasive in the abrasive tank is used up, open the feed pipe on the left side of the upper part of the abrasive tank to ensure the supply of abrasive. S5. The movable telescopic arm is controlled by the hydraulic system to perform low-pressure abrasive air jet cutting according to the preset plan, cutting a Dmm×Lmm groove on the rock surface to unload the local stress of the surrounding rock. S6. During the operation, the abrasive and rock chips generated fall into the bucket. Open the recovery arm and conveyor belt, and open the spiral feeding assembly to enable the abrasive and rock chips to be screened in a timely manner.

[0020] S7. During the grooving process, the ultrasonic vibrating screen is turned on. The abrasive and rock chips enter the vibrating screen through the conveyor belt for screening. After screening, the unused abrasive is added to the abrasive tank through the feed inlet for recycling. S8. The water pump is started at the same time as the grooving, and the water reaches the working surface through the atomizing nozzle to remove the dust generated during the operation. S9. Repeat steps S1-S8 to achieve abrasive air jet grooving and complete dust removal and abrasive recovery.

[0021] In practical use, the grooving parameters are determined according to different rock types via the control panel. After confirming the grooving parameters, an appropriate amount of abrasive is added to the abrasive tank through the feeding port. Then, the ultrasonic generator and air compressor are turned on, and the parameters are set so that the air compressor stops working when the pressure of the gas cylinder reaches 5MPa; when the pressure is lower than 5MPa, it automatically continues to pressurize. When the pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder reaches 5MPa, the inlet ball valve is opened, and the outlet pressure is adjusted so that the pressure gauge is 2MPa. The flow divider tee is adjusted so that a portion of the gas is delivered to the upper end of the abrasive tank through the balance air pipe. At the same time, the drive motor and the feeding switch are turned on, so that the abrasive enters the screw feeder from the discharge port. The screw feeder sends the abrasive to the gas pipeline to achieve pre-mixing with low-pressure air. The low-pressure abrasive gas jet operation begins and is output to the nozzle through the high-pressure hose. During this process, the stirring motor can be turned on to control the speed of the stirrer, so that the abrasive is fed evenly and prevents abrasive accumulation. During the grooving process, the hydraulic system is controlled to groove the rock surface according to the preset plan to unload the local stress of the surrounding rock. Simultaneously, the water tank can be opened, allowing water to enter the vibration chamber through the water inlet. The high-frequency signal received by the high-frequency ultrasonic input tube is converted into high-frequency vibration by the piezoelectric transducer, atomizing it and spraying it out through the nozzle outlet to achieve dust removal. During the grooving process, most of the abrasive and detached rock chips fall into the bucket. The rotation of the rotary table drives the mechanical recovery arm to collect the abrasive and rock chips in the bucket via a conveyor belt into the spiral feeding assembly. A servo motor, in conjunction with a reduction gearbox, drives the spiral mandrel to feed the abrasive and rock chips into the inlet. The ultrasonic vibrating screen is activated, causing the abrasive and rock chips to be screened first on the upper frame. Crushed stone is discharged through the upper outlet under the vibration of the vibrating motor. The remaining unused and used abrasive enters the middle abrasive recovery zone. Under the combined vibration of the existing vibrating motor and the ultrasonic signal from the signal connection line, unused abrasive is screened out and automatically collected from the middle outlet for later use. Used abrasive passes through the screen into the lower waste collection zone and is discharged through the lower outlet.

Claims

1. An abrasive air jet grooving device with abrasive recovery and dust removal function, characterized in that: The system includes a jet grooving assembly located at the top of the chassis, and an abrasive recovery assembly located at the front of the chassis below the jet grooving assembly. The abrasive recovery assembly uses a conveyor belt and a spiral feeding assembly to send the recovered material to an ultrasonic vibrating screen for screening and recycling. The jet grooving assembly includes an air compressor, the air compressor outlet of which is connected to a high-pressure air cylinder via a high-pressure air line. A ball valve is installed on the high-pressure air line. The high-pressure air cylinder is connected to an abrasive tank via a high-pressure air line. The abrasive tank is connected to an abrasive ejection pipe via an outlet pipe. A jet nozzle is installed at the end of the abrasive ejection pipe. The jet nozzle is supported by a movable telescopic arm and fixed to a propulsion beam. The abrasive recovery assembly includes a bucket, turntables located at both ends above the bucket, and a three-section rotating recovery arm fixed on each turntable. The rotating rod at the front end of the recovery arm faces the conveyor belt inlet, and the conveyor belt outlet is connected to the spiral feeding assembly inlet. The assembly also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the jet grooving assembly, the abrasive recovery assembly, and the ultrasonic vibrating screen. The ultrasonic vibrating screen includes an ultrasonic mesh frame and ultrasonic... The ultrasonic mesh frame consists of an upper frame, a middle frame, and a bottom frame. A screen is installed between the upper and middle frames, and between the middle and bottom frames. The aperture of the upper screen is larger than that of the lower screen. The upper frame has an upper discharge port, the middle frame has a middle discharge port, and the bottom frame has a lower discharge port. A dust cover is installed at the top of the ultrasonic mesh frame, with a feed inlet at its center. A vibrator is installed at the bottom of the ultrasonic mesh frame, connected to the bottom frame by a spring. The vibrator includes a counterweight and a vibration motor located on the central axis at the bottom of the ultrasonic mesh frame. Transducers are also installed on the middle and bottom frames, connected to an ultrasonic generator via signal lines. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by a controller. An atomizing nozzle is installed on each side of the jet nozzle, supplied with water from a water tank located at the top of the frame. A vibration chamber is located at the rear of the atomizing nozzle, with a water inlet at its tail connected to the water tank. A piezoelectric transducer is installed inside the vibration chamber, connected to the ultrasonic generator via a high-frequency ultrasonic input pipe.

2. The abrasive air jet grooving device with abrasive recovery and dust removal function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral feeding assembly includes an upwardly inclined spiral mandrel. One end of the spiral mandrel is equipped with a motor and a reducer. A sleeve is provided outside the spiral mandrel. One end of the sleeve is located at the bottom of the frame, and the other end passes through the frame and is located above the ultrasonic vibrating screen. A recycling inlet is provided at the upper part of the lower end of the sleeve, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the upper end of the sleeve. The recycling inlet at the lower end of the sleeve is connected to the conveyor belt outlet, and the discharge port at the upper end of the sleeve is connected to the feed inlet of the ultrasonic vibrating screen.

3. The abrasive air jet grooving device with abrasive recovery and dust removal function as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The abrasive tank includes an abrasive barrel, a stirrer installed inside the abrasive barrel, and a screw feeder located at the discharge port at the bottom of the abrasive barrel. The top of the abrasive barrel has a feed inlet. A tee is provided on the high-pressure gas line of the high-pressure gas storage cylinder. The outlet of the tee is provided with a balance gas pipe and a high-pressure gas pipe. The pressure of the balance gas pipe is higher than that of the high-pressure gas pipe. The other end of the balance gas pipe is connected to the top of the abrasive barrel. The other end of the high-pressure gas pipe is connected to the screw feeder and then flows into a high-pressure hose before being sent to the jet nozzle.

4. The abrasive recovery and dust removal method of the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Draw a cutting and rock breaking plan according to different lithologies, and the control equipment will automatically calibrate and perform operations according to the preset plan; S2. Check the airtightness of the pipeline and interface. After confirming that there is nothing wrong, close all valves, open the inlet valve of the ultrasonic generator and the high-pressure air cylinder, turn on the air compressor and set the air compressor parameters. When the pressure reaches 2Mpa, the air compressor stops working. When the pressure is lower than 2Mpa, it automatically pressurizes. S3. When the pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder reaches 5 MPa, open the ball valve of the abrasive tank and adjust the outlet pressure of the ball valve to 2 MPa; S4. Turn on the motor of the screw feeder of the abrasive tank, open the hopper to add abrasive to the abrasive tank, turn on the agitator above and control the feeding speed of the screw feeder through the motor, observe the remaining abrasive through the viewing window of the collection hopper, and when the abrasive in the abrasive tank is used up, open the feed pipe on the left side of the upper part of the abrasive tank to ensure the supply of abrasive. S5. The movable telescopic arm is controlled by the hydraulic system to perform low-pressure abrasive air jet cutting according to the preset plan, cutting a Dmm×Lmm groove on the rock surface to unload the local stress of the surrounding rock. S6. During the operation, the abrasive and rock chips generated fall into the bucket. Open the recovery arm and conveyor belt, and open the spiral feeding assembly so that the abrasive and rock chips can be screened in time. S7. During the grooving process, the ultrasonic vibrating screen is turned on. The abrasive and rock chips enter the vibrating screen through the conveyor belt for screening. After screening, the unused abrasive is added to the abrasive tank through the feed inlet for recycling. S8. The water pump is started at the same time as the grooving, and the water reaches the working surface through the atomizing nozzle to remove the dust generated during the operation. S9. Repeat steps S1-S8 to achieve abrasive air jet grooving and complete dust removal and abrasive recovery.

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