Spectroscopic frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic heat collection shutter curtain wall

Abstract

The application provides a spectrum frequency type concentrated solar photovoltaic heat collecting louver curtain wall, which comprises a spectrum frequency type concentrated solar photovoltaic heat collecting louver curtain wall, a bright frame support, glass panels, a heat passage air outlet, an indoor air outlet and a louver device, wherein the louver device comprises a plurality of louver units with the same structure; the louver unit comprises a photovoltaic cell, a concentrated lens strip and a selective light splitter; the bright frame support is a support frame of the curtain wall; three glass panels are arranged in parallel and are spaced apart at a certain distance; the cavity between the first glass panel and the second glass panel is a heat collecting and ventilating cavity; the cavity between the second glass panel and the third glass panel is a closed cavity; the heat collecting and ventilating cavity is on the indoor side of the building; and the closed cavity is provided with a plurality of concentrated lens strips which are arranged in parallel and are uniformly spaced apart. The louver strip is designed as a concentrated lens, which blocks the direct light and retains the indoor lighting effect of scattered light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building curtain wall technology, and in particular to a spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy has garnered widespread attention due to its abundance, safety, and cleanliness. With urban expansion, densely populated building areas will have more usable vertical surface area. Applying solar energy utilization technologies to buildings can effectively increase the solar energy utilization potential of urban spaces. For example, photovoltaic (PV) curtain walls use sunlight to create natural lighting on facade windows, improving indoor lighting quality and generating electricity while saving on energy consumption. However, the photovoltaic conversion process also increases heat gain on the receiving surface, affecting the building's thermal comfort and wasting some clean energy.

[0003] One reason for the low photoelectric efficiency is the selectivity of silicon materials to the solar spectrum, where most of the thermal radiation is converted into low-temperature heat energy.

[0004] Current technologies that directly integrate photovoltaic (PV) panels into curtain walls do not perform frequency division of the absorption spectrum. Due to the bandgap limitations of PV cell materials, some wavelengths cannot be converted into electrical energy but instead generate low-temperature heat. Traditional PV curtain walls utilize this heat by first heating the PV cells through solar radiation absorption and then obtaining heat through convection. Furthermore, while directly integrating PV panels with the curtain wall glass surface increases the building's renewable energy utilization rate, it causes the curtain wall to lose its original natural lighting function. Therefore, the existing curtain wall structure cannot meet the needs of multi-functional solar energy utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to address the technical problem of low solar energy utilization in existing technologies.

[0006] This application provides a spectrally divided concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall, the curtain wall comprising:

[0007] A spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall includes an exposed frame support, a glass panel, an air supply vent, a return air vent, and a louver device; wherein the louver device includes multiple louver units with the same structure; the louver unit includes a photovoltaic cell, a concentrating lens strip, and a selective beam splitter.

[0008] The exposed frame bracket serves as the supporting framework for the curtain wall;

[0009] Three glass panels are arranged parallel to each other and spaced a certain distance apart; the cavity between the first and second glass panels is a heat collection and ventilation cavity; the cavity between the second and third glass panels is a closed cavity; the heat collection and ventilation cavity is located on the indoor side of the building; the closed cavity is located on the outdoor side of the building.

[0010] Multiple focusing lens strips are arranged in parallel and uniformly spaced within a closed cavity; each focusing lens strip corresponds to a photovoltaic cell and a selective beam splitter.

[0011] The exposed frame support is connected to the building through embedded parts.

[0012] Furthermore, the louver device adjusts the tilt angle of the condenser lens strip by the height difference between the hooks on both sides of the condenser lens strip.

[0013] Furthermore, the lens strip and the selective beam splitter form a fixed 45° angle through a fixing connector; the photovoltaic cell is set perpendicular to the lens strip;

[0014] Two threaded holes are provided on both sides of the housing of the condenser lens strip, which are installed perpendicularly to two metal connectors, and the two metal connectors are kept parallel to each other.

[0015] The photovoltaic cell casing has three threaded holes on both sides, and the relative positions of the threaded holes form a right triangle; the photovoltaic cell is fixed to the right triangle side; the selective beam splitter is connected to the hypotenuse of the photovoltaic cell casing; the other end of the metal connector is provided with threaded holes, which are connected to two places on the photovoltaic cell casing respectively;

[0016] Photovoltaic cells, lens strips, and selective beam splitters are embedded in the preset positions of the sheet metal encapsulation shell.

[0017] Furthermore, when sunlight shines on the condenser lens slab, the sunlight forms a focused incident beam behind the condenser lens slab; the incident beam reaches the selective beam splitter and is divided into a reflected visible light A and a non-visible transmitted light B according to the wavelength of the spectrum.

[0018] The reflected visible light A is reflected once at a 45° angle to reach the surface of the photovoltaic cell for photoelectric conversion;

[0019] The non-visible light transmitted beam B passes through the second glass panel and enters the heat collection and ventilation cavity, heating the internal circulating return air C in the curtain wall, which in turn increases the temperature of the internal circulating supply air D, thereby increasing the building's solar thermal efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, each louver unit is fixedly connected to a flexible pull cord (22) via hooks (17) protruding from both sides of the sheet metal enclosure (15);

[0021] Flexible pull ropes are installed on both sides of the enclosed cavity; the louver device allows the flexible pull ropes to hang naturally under its own weight.

[0022] Furthermore, a motor cavity formed by a metal plate is provided at the top of the enclosed cavity;

[0023] The motor cavity is used to house the control motor;

[0024] The control motor adjusts the rotation of the shaft, causing the length of the flexible pull rope to change and create a height difference, which in turn causes the louver unit to deflect relatively. The control motor adjusts the rotation according to the pre-calculated daily change in the solar altitude angle, making the plane of the focusing lens strip perpendicular to the incident direction of the light beam.

[0025] Furthermore, the heat collection and ventilation cavity is a heat collection and storage ventilation heat channel. The focused beam passing through the selective beam splitter heats the air in the channel in the form of thermal radiation. An air supply vent is set on the upper side of the inner glass and a return air vent is set on the lower side.

[0026] The exposed frame bracket 1 has a crossbeam inside the heat collection and ventilation cavity. The supply air vent and return air vent are installed on the crossbeam respectively. The filter screen is fixed between the crossbeams of the air vents by inserts and screws.

[0027] Furthermore, the enclosed cavity thermal aisle is equipped with dampers to control ventilation. These dampers control the opening and closing of the supply and return air vents. When the dampers are open, the supply and return air vents open to provide heated air into the heat-collecting ventilation cavity. When solar radiation is low or indoor heat collection is not required, the dampers are closed, and the supply and return air vents are also closed.

[0028] Furthermore, the photovoltaic cells on the same horizontal line form a series connection. The cable passes through the photovoltaic cell wire hole reserved on the sheet metal enclosure and connects to the side wire groove of the exposed frame bracket, thereby connecting to the building distribution box. The cable passes vertically out from the photovoltaic cell wire hole and is fixed to the sealing plate on the side of the curtain wall. Then, the cable connecting to the wire groove interface is fixed on the sealing plate. The wire hole is set at the symmetrical point of the two hooks on the same side.

[0029] Furthermore, the sheet metal enclosure of the louver unit is made of sheet metal.

[0030] The technical advantages of this application are as follows:

[0031] 1. The louvered slats are designed as focusing lenses, which block direct light from entering while retaining the indoor lighting effect of diffused light.

[0032] 2. It realizes the band gradient utilization of solar energy resources on the building facade, avoiding the high temperature of photovoltaic cells while additional solar energy directly participates in photothermal conversion in the form of thermal radiation, thus improving the quality and efficiency of energy utilization.

[0033] 3. The louvered device is isolated from the hot airflow ventilation channel, so the risk of device damage is very small, and the integrated utilization of lighting, photovoltaic and solar thermal energy can be achieved in a small building facade space. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the system principle of the present invention provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the louver device structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the louver device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the curtain wall provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 6 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 5 Enlarged view of a local area of ​​region A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 7 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 5 Enlarged view of a local area in region B;

[0041] The serial numbers represent the following: 1-Open frame bracket; 2-Glass panel; 3-Enclosed cavity; 4-Heat collection and ventilation cavity; 5-Air supply vent; 6-Air return vent; 7-Sealing partition; 10-Photovoltaic cell; 13-Concentrating lens strip; 14-Selective beam splitter; 15-Sheet metal enclosure; 16-Metal connector; 17-Hook; 18-Threaded connection hole; 19-Photovoltaic string cable; 20-Photovoltaic cell cable hole; 21-Control motor; 22-Flexible pull rope; 23-Side cable groove interface; 24-Filter screen; 25-Electric damper. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Spectral frequency division technology is a novel approach to improving solar energy utilization efficiency. It separates visible and near-infrared sunlight into photovoltaic cells to generate high-grade electricity, while lower-grade radiation is used to convert into low-temperature heat energy, leading to the development of novel photovoltaic-thermal composite utilization structures. Curtain wall structures combining photovoltaic-thermal systems with frequency division methods improve the heat generation of photovoltaic cells and allow the curtain wall's thermal channels to directly receive radiative heat gain. Compared to the convective heat transfer of photovoltaic-thermal collectors, this results in a higher heat grade, representing a new approach to improving building solar energy utilization.

[0044] A spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall includes an exposed frame support 1, a glass panel 2, an air supply vent 5, a return air vent 6, and a louver device; wherein the louver device includes multiple louver units with the same structure; the louver unit includes a photovoltaic cell 10, a concentrating lens strip 13, and a selective beam splitter 14.

[0045] The exposed frame bracket 1 is the supporting frame for the curtain wall;

[0046] Three glass panels 2 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced a certain distance apart; the cavity between the first glass panel and the second glass panel is a heat collection and ventilation cavity 4; the cavity between the second glass panel and the third glass panel is a closed cavity 3; the heat collection and ventilation cavity 4 is located on the indoor side of the building; the closed cavity 3 is located on the outdoor side of the building.

[0047] Multiple condensing lens strips 13 are arranged in parallel and uniformly spaced within a closed cavity 3; each condensing lens strip 13 corresponds to a photovoltaic cell 10 and a selective beam splitter 14;

[0048] The exposed frame support 1 is connected to the building via embedded parts;

[0049] The concentrating lens slab 13 is a lens with a concentrating function, used to collect direct light for focused utilization, while transmitting diffused light for indoor lighting. The photovoltaic cell 10 is arranged behind the concentrating lens slab 13, and the visible light A in the concentrated beam is retained by the selective beam splitter 14, enabling the photovoltaic cell 10 to generate electricity. The louver device and the heat collection and ventilation cavity 4 are separated by the intermediate glass panel 2, and the non-visible light B transmitted through the louver device is used for photothermal conversion in the heat collection and ventilation cavity 4.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the sheet metal enclosure 15 and metal connector 16 of the louver device are made of sheet metal and perforated; in the louver device, the focusing lens strip 13 and the selective beam splitter 14 form a fixed 45° angle through the metal connector 16; the photovoltaic cell 10 is arranged perpendicularly to the focusing lens strip 13.

[0051] The louver device adjusts the tilt angle of the condenser lens strip 13 by the height difference between the hooks 17 on both sides of the condenser lens strip 13.

[0052] Two threaded connection holes 18 are provided on both sides of the housing of the condenser lens strip 13, which are installed perpendicularly to two metal connectors 16, and the two metal connectors 16 are kept parallel to each other.

[0053] Three threaded connection holes 18 are reserved on both sides of the outer casing of the photovoltaic cell 10, and the relative positions of the threaded holes form a right triangle; the photovoltaic cell 10 is fixed to the right triangle side; the selective beam splitter 14 is connected to the hypotenuse of the outer casing of the photovoltaic cell 10; the other end of the metal connector 16 is provided with threaded holes, which are connected to two places on the outer casing of the photovoltaic cell 10 respectively.

[0054] When sunlight shines on the concentrating lens slab 13, the sunlight forms a focused incident beam behind the concentrating lens slab 13; the incident beam reaches the selective beam splitter 14 and is split into a reflected visible light A and a non-visible transmitted light B according to the wavelength of the spectrum; the selective beam splitter 14 is fixed at a 45° angle to the photovoltaic cell 10. Figure 2 As shown, reflected visible light A is reflected once at a 45° angle to reach the surface of photovoltaic cell 10 for photoelectric conversion. The photovoltaic cell has a good absorption effect on the solar radiation energy in the visible light band, reducing the energy lost as low-temperature heat energy. The non-visible light beam does not directly radiate to the surface of the photovoltaic cell, unlike previous technologies where all light is radiated to the surface of the photovoltaic cell, reducing non-absorbable heat radiation and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. The non-visible light band carries some solar radiation energy, passes through the second glass panel, enters the heat collection and ventilation cavity 4, heats the internal circulation return air C of the curtain wall, increases the temperature of the internal circulation supply air D, and increases the building's solar thermal efficiency.

[0055] Photovoltaic cells 10, concentrating lens strips 13, and selective beam splitters 14 are embedded in the preset positions of sheet metal encapsulation shells 15;

[0056] Each louver unit is fixedly connected to a flexible pull rope 22 via hooks 17 protruding from both sides of the sheet metal enclosure 15;

[0057] Flexible pull ropes 22 are set on both sides of the enclosed cavity 3; the louver device causes the flexible pull ropes to hang down naturally under its own weight.

[0058] The top of the enclosed cavity 3 is provided with a motor cavity formed by a sealing partition 7. The motor cavity is used to control the motor 21. The motor 21 adjusts the rotation of the shaft to change the length of the two ends of the flexible pull rope 22, thereby creating a height difference, which causes the louver unit to deflect relatively. The motor 21 adjusts the rotation according to the pre-calculated daily change of the solar altitude angle to control the plane of the condenser lens strip 13 to be perpendicular to the incident direction of the light beam. It can also manually adjust the indoor lighting conditions.

[0059] The curtain wall is divided into two cavities. The enclosed cavity 3 is located on the outside, and the louver units are installed in the enclosed cavity by flexible pull ropes 22. The cables of the photovoltaic cells 10 are gathered together through the cable trays reserved in the exposed frame bracket 1 and connected to the building's power distribution system.

[0060] The heat-collecting and ventilation cavity 4 is a heat-collecting and heat-storing ventilation channel. The focused beam passing through the selective beam splitter 14 heats the air in the channel through thermal radiation. An air supply vent 5 is installed on the upper side of the inner glass, and a return air vent 6 is installed on the lower side, providing circulating hot air for building operation. The exposed frame support 1 has crossbeams inside the heat-collecting and ventilation cavity 4. The air supply vents 5 and return air vents 6 are respectively installed on the crossbeams. Filters are fixed between the crossbeams of the vents using inserts and screws. Sealing gaskets are installed at the top and bottom of the heat-collecting and ventilation cavity 4. The sealing gaskets are connected to electric dampers 25 to control the start and stop of ventilation and also provide a certain degree of sound insulation.

[0061] On the louver device, a selective beam splitter 14 is installed behind the condenser lens slat 13; the selective beam splitter 14 has a filter coating for the visible light band and has a large reflectivity in the visible light band. The visible light beam is reflected and irradiates the photovoltaic cell 10, which is installed on the lower side of the overall frame of the louver device; the surface of the photovoltaic cell 10 is perpendicular to the direction of reflection of the visible light beam.

[0062] Each battery pack is connected in parallel via cables on both sides of the enclosed cavity 3.

[0063] like Figure 6 The photovoltaic cells 10 on the same horizontal line form a battery pack string connection. The photovoltaic string cable 19 passes through the photovoltaic cell wire hole 20 reserved on the sheet metal encapsulation shell 15 and is connected to the side wire groove of the exposed frame bracket 1, thereby connecting to the building distribution box. The cable passes vertically out from the wire hole and is fixed to the sealing plate on the side of the curtain wall. Then, the cable connected to the side wire groove interface 23 is fixed on the sealing plate. The wire hole is set at the symmetrical point of the two hooks 17 on the same side, so that the rotation of the louver unit angle does not affect the cable connection.

[0064] The length of the solar panel is the same as the length of the louver unit. It should be noted that, depending on actual needs, when the width of the glass panel is wide and a single louver unit cannot span the entire glass panel, the photovoltaic cells 10 in multiple louver units can be connected in series to form a battery pack spanning the same horizontal line of the glass panel.

[0065] The louvered panel is a light-concentrating lens strip 13. After transmission, the direct incident light will be focused on the back of the light-concentrating lens strip 13, which has little impact on the scattered light path in other directions. This reduces the excessive glare in the room and provides a normal lighting environment with scattered light.

[0066] The louvered slat sheet metal encapsulation shell 15 is made of lightweight thin metal sheet metal processing, and its weight and strength are suitable for louvered slat assembly.

[0067] The enclosed cavity 3 hot channel is equipped with a damper 25 for controlling ventilation. The damper 25 is used to control the opening and closing of the supply air vent 5 and the return air vent 6. When the damper 25 is open, the supply air vent 5 and the return air vent 6 open the heat collection ventilation cavity (4) to provide heated air. When the solar radiation is low or the curtain wall heat collection is not required indoors, the damper 25 is closed, the supply air vent 5 and the return air vent 6 are closed, and the curtain wall works as a good heat insulation structure with two air layers, improving the heat insulation effect.

[0068] The supply air vent 5, return air vent 6, and damper 25 are fixed to the exposed frame bracket 1 by the pre-embedded groove and fastening screws on the exposed frame bracket 1. The vent panel can be disassembled as a whole, thus achieving convenient installation and disassembly.

[0069] The embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A spectrally frequency-division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall, characterized in that, The curtain wall includes: The frame bracket (1), glass panel (2), air supply vent (5), air return vent (6), and louver device; wherein the louver device includes multiple louver units with the same structure; the louver unit includes a photovoltaic cell (10), a condensing lens strip (13), and a selective beam splitter (14). The exposed frame bracket (1) is the supporting frame for the curtain wall; Three glass panels (2) are arranged parallel to each other and spaced a certain distance apart; the cavity between the first glass panel and the second glass panel is a heat collection and ventilation cavity (4); the cavity between the second glass panel and the third glass panel is a closed cavity (3); the heat collection and ventilation cavity (4) is on the indoor side of the building; the closed cavity (3) is on the outdoor side of the building. A closed cavity (3) is provided with multiple condensing lens strips (13) arranged in parallel and uniform intervals; each condensing lens strip (13) corresponds to a photovoltaic cell (10) and a selective beam splitter (14); The exposed frame support (1) is connected to the building through embedded parts; When sunlight shines on the condenser lens slab (13), the sunlight forms a focused incident beam behind the condenser lens slab (13); the incident beam reaches the selective beam splitter (14) and is divided into a reflected visible light A and a non-visible transmitted light beam B according to the wavelength of the spectrum. The reflected visible light A is reflected once at a 45° reflection angle to reach the surface of the photovoltaic cell (10) for photoelectric conversion; The non-visible light transmitted beam B passes through the second glass panel and enters the heat collection and ventilation cavity (4), heating the internal circulation return air C of the curtain wall, thereby increasing the temperature of the internal circulation supply air D and increasing the building's solar thermal efficiency.

2. The spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The louver device adjusts the tilt angle of the condenser lens strip by the height difference between the hooks (17) on both sides of the condenser lens strip (13).

3. The spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focusing lens strip (13) and the selective beam splitter (14) form a fixed 45° angle through a fixing connector (16); the photovoltaic cell (10) is set perpendicular to the focusing lens strip (13); Two threaded connection holes (18) are provided on both sides of the housing of the condenser lens strip (13), which are installed perpendicularly to two metal connectors (16) and kept parallel to each other. Three threaded connection holes (18) are reserved on both sides of the outer shell of the photovoltaic cell (10), and the relative positions of the threaded holes form a right triangle; the photovoltaic cell (10) is fixed to the right triangle side; the selective beam splitter (14) is connected to the hypotenuse of the outer shell of the photovoltaic cell (10); the other end of the metal connector (16) is provided with threaded holes, which are connected to two places on the outer shell of the photovoltaic cell (10) respectively; The photovoltaic cell (10), lens strip (13), and selective beam splitter (14) are embedded in the preset position of the sheet metal encapsulation shell (15).

4. The spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each louver unit is fixedly connected to a flexible pull cord (22) via hooks (17) protruding from both sides of the sheet metal enclosure (15); Flexible pull ropes (22) are set on both sides of the closed cavity (3); the louver device causes the flexible pull ropes (22) to hang down naturally under its own weight.

5. The spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the closed cavity (3) is provided with a motor cavity formed by a metal plate (7); The motor cavity is used to house the control motor (21); The control motor (21) adjusts the rotation of the shaft to make the length of the two ends of the flexible pull rope (22) change to form a height difference, thereby causing the louver unit to deflect relatively. The control motor (21) adjusts the rotation of the control lens strip (13) according to the pre-calculated daily change of the solar altitude angle to make the plane of the control lens strip (13) perpendicular to the incident direction of the light beam.

6. The spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat collection and ventilation cavity (4) is a heat collection and storage ventilation heat channel. The focused beam passing through the selective beam splitter (14) heats the air in the channel in the form of thermal radiation. An air supply vent (5) is set on the upper side of the inner glass and a return air vent (6) is set on the lower side. The heat collection and ventilation cavity (4) of the open frame bracket (1) is equipped with a crossbeam. The air supply vent (5) and return air vent (6) are respectively installed on the crossbeam. The filter screen is fixed between the crossbeams of the air vents by inserts and screws.

7. The spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat collection ventilation cavity (4) is equipped with a damper (25) for controlling ventilation. The damper (25) is used to control the opening and closing of the supply air vent (5) and the return air vent (6). When the damper (25) is open, the supply air vent (5) and the return air vent (6) open the heat collection ventilation cavity (4) to provide heated air. When the solar radiation is low or the curtain wall heat collection is not required indoors, the damper (25) is closed, and the supply air vent (5) and the return air vent (6) are closed.

8. The spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cells (10) on the same horizontal line form a battery pack string line. The cable (19) passes through the photovoltaic cell wire hole (20) reserved on the sheet metal encapsulation shell (15) and connects to the side wire groove of the exposed frame bracket (1), thereby connecting to the building distribution box. The cable (19) is vertically passed through the photovoltaic cell through hole (20) and fixed to the sealing plate on the side of the curtain wall. Then the cable is connected to the cable tray interface (23) and fixed to the sealing plate. The through hole is set at the symmetrical point of the two hooks (17) on the same side.

9. A spectral frequency division type concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal collector louver curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sheet metal enclosure (15) of the louver unit is made of sheet metal.

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