A following type suspension jacking method for high-rise building antenna masts

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of structure containing long load-bearing components, and discloses a following type suspension jacking method for high-rise building antenna mast, in the present application, the antenna mast is divided into two sections for jacking construction, the upper part of the slender mast is very light, can be hoisted to the top of the building after prefabrication, and then the upper part of the mast is jacked in the jacking fixing frame by using the following type suspension jacking system in the present application, the following type suspension jacking system no longer supports the bottom of the antenna mast for jacking like the conventional top layer system, but moves following the movement of the antenna mast, so that the jacking can be stably carried out by supporting the waist of the antenna mast; meanwhile, a mast lower unit is connected at the bottom every time for jacking, and during the whole jacking process, the antenna mast is directly fallen on the base most of the time, and the gravity center is always located in the jacking fixing frame. The above points are combined, so that the jacking method in the present application can overcome the influence of wind load and gravity center to complete jacking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural technology including elongated load-bearing components, and in particular to a following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Antenna masts are typically installed on the top of high-rise buildings. These are extremely tall columnar steel structures, and their installation presents many challenges.

[0003] Normally, column steel structures are installed by hoisting. However, for the top of high-rise buildings, the only hoisting equipment that can reach this location is usually a tower crane (including tower cranes set on the ground and tower cranes set on the roof). But at the top of high-rise buildings, the maximum lifting capacity of tower cranes is very small, and antenna masts are much heavier than ordinary column steel structures, so they cannot be hoisted.

[0004] In existing technologies, antenna masts are installed using a jacking method. A typical jacking method involves constructing a vertical cylindrical structure inside the high-rise building, assembling the antenna mast within this structure, and then installing a jacking device inside the mast. Standard assembly sections are inserted segment by segment between the hydraulic jacks at the bottom and the top of the mast to push it out of the cylindrical structure. After the mast is in place and the supports are replaced, the standard assembly sections and the temporary construction equipment, along with the cylindrical structure, are removed. This method has been used for the antenna masts of a series of landmark high-rise buildings, including the Oriental Pearl Tower.

[0005] However, this construction method has a difficult problem to overcome: in the latter half of the lifting process, the center of gravity of the antenna mast shifts away from the cylindrical structure, making it difficult to keep the antenna mast vertical and prone to overturning under wind loads. In areas with less wind, this can be overcome by constructing a bowl-shaped protective structure on the top of the building, but if the area where the building is located has strong winds, the protective structure cannot overcome this problem.

[0006] Taking the Ningxia Zhongfang Silk Road Pearl Tower project and the first phase of the Economic Development Zone Information Technology Innovation Park project involved in this invention as examples, the areas where these construction projects are located experience strong winds year-round, and there are numerous wind farms nearby. Conventional jacking construction methods cannot safely complete the construction of the antenna mast in this project.

[0007] Typically, the upper part of the antenna mast is very thin. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings.

[0009] The technical problem to be solved is that when installing antenna masts in areas with high wind loads, conventional jacking construction methods not only make it difficult to keep the antenna masts vertical, but also make them prone to overturning under wind loads.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings, used for constructing antenna masts on the top of buildings, the lifting method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Develop a segmentation plan for the antenna mast, dividing it into three parts, referred to from top to bottom as the upper mast, the interference-free mast section, and the lower mast. The interference-free mast section and the upper mast are assembled as a single unit before lifting, referred to as the easily transportable upper assembly. The lower mast section consists of multiple lower mast units spliced ​​on-site below the interference-free mast section from top to bottom. The two opposite side facades of the interference-free mast section have openings. Step 2: Transport the easily transportable superstructure to the base of the antenna mast on the top of the building; Step 3: Construct a lifting and fixing frame around the easily transportable upper assembly on the top of the building. The height of the lifting and fixing frame shall not be lower than the sum of the heights of the non-interference section of the mast and the lower part of the mast. Step 4: Construct a follow-up suspension lifting device, which includes a telescopic jack installed in the non-interference section of the mast, a follow-up beam fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the telescopic jack, and a locking rod hanging from the top of the lifting frame and surrounding the antenna mast. The two ends of the following beam extend from the openings in the non-interference section of the mast and are connected to the locking rods through automatic locking devices fixed at both ends of the following beam; the following beam at the top of the telescopic jack supports the lower part of the upper part of the mast. Step 5: Repeatedly extend and shorten the telescopic jacks to raise the telescopic jacks and antenna mast on the positioning boom, and install the lower part of the mast section by section under the antenna mast until the antenna mast is assembled. When the telescopic jack extends, the lower automatic locking device locks and the upper automatic locking device slides up and down with the locking rod. The bottom of the telescopic jack remains stationary, and the antenna mast moves up on the locking rod. When the telescopic jack extends to the height of a lower mast unit, it stops extending and a lower mast unit is installed below the antenna mast. When the telescopic jack is shortened, the upper automatic locking device locks and the lower automatic locking device slides up and down with the locking rod, the bottom of the telescopic jack moves up and down, and the antenna mast remains stationary; Step 6: Secure the antenna mast to the base, fill the gaps in the non-interference section of the mast, and then remove the lifting and fixing frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking rod is provided with locking holes spaced apart along its length, and the automatic locking device has a movable tenon piece supported by a spring and tending to extend towards the locking rod. When the movable tenon piece is in the position of the locking hole, the movable tenon piece rotates and inserts into the locking hole, so that the automatic locking device cannot slide downward.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance between the bottom of two adjacent locking holes is equal to the height of one mast lower unit, the maximum extension stroke of the telescopic jack is not less than the height of the mast lower unit, and when the telescopic jack is in its shortest state, the distance between the bottom of the movable tenon plates of the upper and lower automatic locking devices is not greater than the height of one mast lower unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking rod is a rigid rod, and a groove is provided on the surface of the locking rod that contacts the movable tenon for the movable tenon to slide up and down therein.

[0014] Furthermore, the self-weight of the easily transportable upper assembly is not greater than the maximum lifting capacity of the hoisting device that can be used on the top of the building.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting and fixing frame has multiple layers of limiting platforms built from the top down around the antenna mast to prevent the antenna mast from deviating. The holes on the limiting platforms match the maximum cross-section of the segment through which the antenna mast passes in step five.

[0016] Furthermore, the center of gravity of the easily transportable upper assembly is located within the lifting and fixing frame, and the mass of the segments on the easily transportable upper assembly at the same height as the lower mast unit is lower than that of the lower mast unit.

[0017] Furthermore, the limiting platform is surrounded by a safety net or safety rope. In step six, the cavity in the non-interference section of the mast uses the adjacent limiting platform as a construction platform.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom side of the lifting and fixing frame has a doorway for pushing in the lower unit of the mast.

[0019] Furthermore, the top and bottom of the telescopic jack are respectively horizontally anchored with support plates, each of the support plates is fixedly connected to two following beams, and the positioning booms are arranged in a matrix around the antenna mast.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the following advantages are found in the following method for the following method for the following method for the following method for the following method for the following method for the following method: In this invention, the antenna mast is divided into two sections for jacking construction. The slender upper part of the mast is very light and can be prefabricated and hoisted to the top of the building. Then, the following suspension jacking system of this invention is used to jack up the upper part of the mast within the jacking frame. Unlike conventional top-level systems that support the bottom of the antenna mast for jacking, the following suspension jacking system moves with the antenna mast, thus supporting the waist of the antenna mast for stable jacking. At the same time, a lower section of the mast is attached to the bottom after each jacking. During the entire jacking process, the antenna mast rests directly on its base for most of the time, and the center of gravity is always located within the jacking frame (initially, the center of gravity of the upper part of the mast is located within the jacking frame, and the linear density of the lower section of the mast is greater than that of the upper part, so the center of gravity of the antenna mast will gradually decrease during the jacking process). The combination of the above points ensures that the jacking method in this invention can overcome the influence of wind loads and stably jack the antenna mast into place. At the same time, the amount of temporary construction equipment that needs to be erected and dismantled during the entire construction process is significantly less than that of existing jacking methods. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings according to the present invention when the lifting begins; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the positioning boom and the following beam; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the automatic locking mechanism when it is not locked. Figure 4 A diagram showing the automatic locking mechanism when locked. In the diagram, 1-lifting and fixing frame, 21-upper part of mast, 22-no-interference section of mast, 23-lower part of mast unit, 3-telescopic jack, 4-positioning boom, 41-locking hole, 5-following beam, 6-automatic locking device, 61-movable tenon, 62-spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To facilitate understanding of the characteristics of the lifting method of this invention, an example is given below: If we consider the antenna mast as a pole, a conventional lifting method is equivalent to supporting the pole's base inside the building and pushing it out onto the roof. This is very unstable when the lifting is almost complete. The method in this invention is equivalent to placing the pole in a frame on the roof, supporting the middle of the pole and pushing it upwards, while continuously extending the pole at its base. Because the point of force is located in the middle of the pole and the pole's center of gravity remains within the lifting and fixing frame 1, it is stable and the pole is easily kept vertical.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, taking the Ningxia Zhongfang Silk Road Pearl Tower project and the first phase of the Economic Development Zone Information Technology Innovation Park as examples, a following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings is described. This method is used to construct antenna masts on the top of buildings and includes the following steps: Step 1: Develop a segmentation plan for the antenna mast, dividing it into three parts, referred to from top to bottom as the upper mast 21, the interference-free mast section 22, and the lower mast. The interference-free mast section 22 and the upper mast 21 are assembled into a single unit before lifting, referred to as the easily transportable upper assembly. The lower mast section consists of multiple lower mast units 23, which are spliced ​​on-site below the interference-free mast section 22 from top to bottom. The two opposite side facades of the interference-free mast section 22 have openings. This design utilizes the mass distribution characteristics of the antenna mast, prefabricating and suspending the slender and lightweight upper section, while assembling the lower section piece by piece. The non-interference section 22 of the mast is used to install the telescopic jack 3 internally and to leave space for the telescopic jack 3 and its associated components to extend and retract.

[0024] Note that the weight of the easily transportable superstructure should not exceed the maximum lifting capacity of the hoisting equipment that can be used on the top of the building, thus ensuring that it can be hoisted.

[0025] Step 2: Transport the easily transportable superstructure to the base of the antenna mast on the top of the building; Step 3: Construct a lifting and fixing frame 1 around the easily transportable upper assembly on the top of the building. The lifting and fixing frame 1 shall not be lower than the sum of the heights of the non-interference section 22 of the mast and the lower part of the mast. If lifting the fixed frame 1 does not affect the hoisting of the easily transportable upper assembly, the order of step three and step two can be swapped to make the easily transportable upper assembly more stable.

[0026] This not only ensures that the easily transportable upper assembly is lifted into place, but also ensures that the interference-free section 22 of the mast remains inside the top-level fixed frame.

[0027] Step 4: Construct a follow-up suspension lifting device. The follow-up suspension lifting device includes a telescopic jack 3 installed in the non-interference section 22 of the mast, a follow-up beam 5 fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the telescopic jack 3 respectively, and a locking rod 4 hanging down from the top of the lifting fixing frame 1 and set around the antenna mast. The two ends of the following beam 5 extend from the openings of the non-interference section 22 of the mast and are connected to the locking rod 4 through the automatic locking devices 6 fixed at both ends of the following beam 5; the following beam 5 at the top of the telescopic jack 3 supports the lower part of the mast 21. The following beam 5, as its name suggests, moves along with the upper part 21 of the mast. The telescopic jack 3 refers to its ability to not only provide jacking force like a conventional jack, but also to retract and provide pulling force. Because the lifting system in this invention moves with the antenna mast, the telescopic jack 3 pulls itself and the lower following beam 5 up when it retracts.

[0028] Step 5: Repeatedly extend and shorten the telescopic jack 3 to raise the telescopic jack 3 and the antenna mast on the positioning boom 4, and install the lower part of the mast section by section to the bottom of the antenna mast until the antenna mast is assembled; after each section of the lower part of the mast 23 is installed, painting and other auxiliary construction work are carried out at the same time. When the telescopic jack 3 extends, the lower automatic locking device 6 locks and the upper automatic locking device 6 slides up and down with the locking rod 4. The bottom of the telescopic jack 3 remains stationary, and the antenna mast moves up on the locking rod 4. When the telescopic jack 3 extends to the height of a mast lower unit 23, it stops extending and a mast lower unit 23 is installed below the antenna mast. When the telescopic jack 3 is shortened, the upper automatic locking device 6 locks and the lower automatic locking device 6 slides up and down with the locking rod 4, the bottom of the telescopic jack 3 moves up and down, and the antenna mast remains stationary. The telescopic jack 3 can be in either extended or shortened state after installation in step four, but it is best to keep it in the shortened state for easier installation.

[0029] Step 6: Secure the antenna mast to the base, fill the hole in the non-interference section 22 of the mast, and then remove the lifting and fixing frame 1.

[0030] In this embodiment, the antenna mast is a truss column. The diagonal braces are not installed at the opening position of the non-interference section 22 of the mast initially. These diagonal braces are installed in step six.

[0031] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the locking rod 4 has locking holes 41 spaced apart along its length. The automatic locking device 6 has a movable tenon 61 supported by a spring 62 and tending to extend toward the locking rod 4. When the movable tenon 61 is in the position with the locking hole 41, the movable tenon 61 rotates and inserts into the locking hole 41, so that the automatic locking device 6 cannot slide downward.

[0032] like Figure 3 The movable tenon 61 is connected to the end of the following beam 5 by means of a pin, and is pressed against the locking rod 4 by a spring 62, as shown. Figure 4 Once the movable tenon 61 encounters the locking hole 41, the movable tenon 61 is pushed into the locking hole 41 by the spring 62, and the tail end of the movable tenon 61 is locked on the following beam 5 and cannot continue to rotate. In this way, the following beam 5 cannot move down.

[0033] The distance between the bottom of two adjacent locking holes 41 is equal to the height of a mast lower unit 23. The maximum extension stroke of the telescopic jack 3 is not less than the height of the mast lower unit 23. When the telescopic jack 3 is in its shortest state, the distance between the bottom of the movable tenon 61 of the upper and lower automatic locking devices 6 is not greater than the height of a mast lower unit 23.

[0034] This implies an important dimensional requirement: when the telescopic jack 3 is in its longest state, its length must be no less than twice the distance between the bottoms of two adjacent locking holes 41. Thus, in step five, when the telescopic jack 3 has shortened, the upper and lower movable tenons 61 are respectively locked into two adjacent locking holes 41; when the telescopic jack 3 has extended, the upper and lower movable tenons 61 are respectively locked into two locking holes 41 spaced one hole apart. Simultaneously, in the initial state after installation in step four, the upper and lower movable tenons 61 are respectively locked into two adjacent locking holes 41.

[0035] In step five, after the telescopic jack 3 has been extended, it should not reach its longest state, and after it has been shortened, it should not reach its shortened state. Instead, it should leave a certain amount of adjustment space while ensuring that it matches the hole position.

[0036] The locking rod 4 is a rigid rod, and the surface of the locking rod 4 that contacts the movable tenon 61 has a groove for the movable tenon 61 to slide up and down. This makes it more stable during the lifting process compared to a flexible locking rod 4.

[0037] The lifting and fixing frame 1 has multiple layers of limiting platforms built around the antenna mast from top to bottom to prevent the antenna mast from deviating. The holes on the limiting platforms match the maximum cross-section of the segment through which the antenna mast passes in step five.

[0038] The limiting platform here is set from the top of the lifting fixing frame 1, and the limiting platform may not be set at the bottom of the top fixing frame. During the lifting process, the antenna mast moves upward through the hole in the limiting platform. Since the antenna mast has a variable diameter, it is necessary to ensure that this hole matches the largest cross-section of the part through which the antenna mast passes, so as not to jam the antenna mast.

[0039] The center of gravity of the easily transportable upper assembly is located within the lifting and fixing frame 1, and the mass of the segments on the easily transportable upper assembly at the same height as the lower mast unit 23 is lower than that of the lower mast unit 23. This is to ensure that the center of gravity of the antenna mast during assembly remains within the lifting and fixing frame 1 and is held in place by the limiting platform throughout the entire lifting process.

[0040] The limiting platform is equipped with a safety net or safety rope. In step six, the opening in the non-interference section 22 of the mast uses the adjacent limiting platform as a construction platform. Various components that need to be installed in situ on the antenna mast can also be installed using this limiting platform.

[0041] The bottom side of the lifting and fixing frame 1 has a doorway for pushing in the lower unit 23 of the mast.

[0042] In this embodiment, the lower mast unit 23 is a truss column. By controlling the weight of the lower mast unit 23, it can be pushed manually to precisely adjust its position, aligning the four main uprights of the lower mast unit 23 with the upper main upright, and then welding is performed. During the welding process, a hand-cranked jack or other lifting equipment can be used to lift the lower mast unit 23 upwards to ensure a tight fit. If the lower mast unit 23 cannot be pushed down to the bottom of the antenna mast due to tolerances, the antenna mast can be slightly lifted.

[0043] The telescopic jack 3 has horizontally anchored support plates at its top and bottom, and each support plate is fixedly connected to two following beams 5. The positioning boom 4 is arranged in a matrix around the antenna mast.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A following-type suspension and jacking method for antenna masts on high-rise buildings, used for constructing antenna masts on the top of buildings, characterized in that: The lifting method includes the following steps: Step 1: Develop a segmentation plan for the antenna mast, dividing it into three parts, which are referred to as the upper part of the mast (21), the non-interference section of the mast (22), and the lower part of the mast from top to bottom. The non-interference section of the mast (22) and the upper part of the mast (21) are assembled into a whole before lifting, and are referred to as the easily transportable upper assembly. The lower part of the mast is composed of multiple lower mast units (23) spliced ​​on-site from top to bottom below the non-interference section of the mast (22). The two opposite side facades of the non-interference section of the mast (22) have openings. Step 2: Transport the easily transportable superstructure to the base of the antenna mast on the top of the building; Step 3: Construct a lifting and fixing frame (1) around the easily transportable upper assembly on the top of the building. The height of the lifting and fixing frame (1) shall not be less than the sum of the height of the non-interference section (22) of the mast and the height of the lower part of the mast. Step 4: Construct a follow-up suspension lifting device, which includes a telescopic jack (3) installed in the non-interference section (22) of the mast, a follow-up beam (5) fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the telescopic jack (3) respectively, and a locking rod (4) hanging down from the top of the lifting fixing frame (1) and set around the antenna mast. The two ends of the following beam (5) extend from the openings of the mast non-interference section (22) and are connected to the locking rod (4) through the automatic locking device (6) fixed at both ends of the following beam (5); the following beam (5) at the top of the telescopic jack (3) is supported below the upper part (21) of the mast; Step 5: Repeatedly extend and shorten the telescopic jack (3) to make the telescopic jack (3) and the antenna mast climb on the locking boom (4), and install the lower unit (23) of the mast section by section to the bottom of the antenna mast until the antenna mast is assembled. When the telescopic jack (3) extends, the lower automatic locking device (6) locks and the upper automatic locking device (6) slides up and down with the locking rod (4). The bottom of the telescopic jack (3) remains stationary, and the antenna mast moves up on the locking rod (4). When the telescopic jack (3) reaches the height of a mast lower unit (23) during its extension stroke, it stops extending and a mast lower unit (23) is installed below the antenna mast. When the telescopic jack (3) is shortened, the upper automatic locking device (6) locks and the lower automatic locking device (6) slides up and down with the locking rod (4), the bottom of the telescopic jack (3) moves up and down, and the antenna mast remains stationary; Step 6: Secure the antenna mast to the base, fill the hole in the non-interference section (22) of the mast, and then remove the lifting mounting bracket (1).

2. The following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking rod (4) has locking holes (41) spaced apart along its length. The automatic locking device (6) has a movable tenon (61) supported by a spring (62) and tending to extend toward the locking rod (4). When the movable tenon (61) is in the position with the locking hole (41), the movable tenon (61) rotates and inserts into the locking hole (41), so that the automatic locking device (6) cannot slide downward.

3. The following suspension lifting method for antenna masts in high-rise buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom of two adjacent locking holes (41) is equal to the height of a mast lower unit (23). The maximum extension stroke of the telescopic jack (3) is not less than the height of the mast lower unit (23). When the telescopic jack (3) is in its shortest state, the distance between the bottom of the movable tenon (61) of the upper and lower automatic locking devices (6) is not greater than the height of a mast lower unit (23).

4. The following suspension lifting method for antenna masts in high-rise buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking rod (4) is a rigid rod, and a groove is provided on the surface of the locking rod (4) that contacts the movable tenon (61) for the movable tenon (61) to slide up and down therein.

5. The following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-weight of the easily transportable superstructure does not exceed the maximum lifting capacity of the hoisting device that can be used on the top of the building.

6. The following suspension lifting method for antenna masts in high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and fixing frame (1) has multiple layers of limiting platforms built around the antenna mast from top to bottom to prevent the antenna mast from deviating. The holes on the limiting platforms are matched with the largest cross-section of the part of the antenna mast that passes through the hole in step five, so that the antenna mast can pass through smoothly.

7. A following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The center of gravity of the easily transportable upper assembly is located within the lifting and fixing frame (1), and the mass of the segments on the easily transportable upper assembly at the same height as the mast lower unit (23) is lower than that of the mast lower unit (23).

8. A following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting platform is surrounded by a safety net or safety rope. In step six, the cavity of the mast non-interference section (22) uses the adjacent limiting platform as the construction platform.

9. A following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom side of the lifting and fixing frame (1) has a doorway for pushing in the lower unit (23) of the mast.

10. A following suspension lifting method for antenna masts of high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic jack (3) has horizontal anchor plates at the top and bottom, and each of the support plates is fixedly connected to two following beams (5). The positioning rods (4) are arranged in a matrix around the antenna mast.

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