Ladder structure and operating machinery

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of work machinery technology, and discloses a ladder structure and work machinery. The ladder structure includes a fixed platform, a ladder body, a linkage mechanism, and a drive unit. The fixed platform is located at the operator's cab door of the work machinery. The ladder body includes an upper ladder and a lower ladder. One end of the upper ladder is rotatably connected to the fixed platform, and the other end is rotatably connected to the lower ladder. The ladder body has an unfolded position and a folded position. One end of the linkage mechanism is hinged to the fixed platform, and the other end is hinged to the lower ladder. The linkage mechanism is adapted to drive the lower ladder to move when the upper ladder rotates around the fixed platform. One end of the drive unit is located on the fixed platform, and the other end is adapted to drive the upper ladder to rotate around the fixed platform. This invention solves the problems of existing ladders having large space requirements, being prone to jamming, and having limited load-bearing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of work machinery technology, specifically to a ladder structure and work machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Operational machinery refers to mechanical devices equipped with working tools and suitable for completing specific tasks. Common examples of operational machinery include cranes, excavators, and bulldozers. Workers typically need to use ladders to climb up and down operational machinery. With the expansion of engineering projects, the increasing size of operational machinery is a significant trend in the current market, and the climbing ladders used on large operational machinery also need to be adapted accordingly.

[0003] In the existing technology, the ladders of operating machinery are usually fixed ladders or rope-controlled telescopic ladders. Fixed ladders are mainly fixedly installed on one side of the operator's cab of the operating machinery, allowing workers to climb from the bottom up. Rope-controlled telescopic ladders include two ladder structures that cooperate with each other along the length direction, ropes and winches. The ropes pass around the guide wheels at the ends of the ladder structures, and the extension and retraction of the ladder is completed by pulling or releasing the ropes through the winch.

[0004] However, in the aforementioned existing technologies, the size of the ladders for large-scale operating machinery also increases accordingly. Using fixed ladders will occupy more space and may easily interfere with the operation of the operating machinery. While using rope-controlled telescopic ladders reduces the space occupied, the ladder movement is prone to jamming, and the ladder's load-bearing capacity is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a ladder structure and working machinery to solve the problems of ladders occupying a large space, being prone to jamming, and having limited load-bearing capacity.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a ladder structure, comprising: a fixed platform disposed at the cab door of a working machine; a ladder body comprising an upper ladder and a lower ladder, one end of the upper ladder being rotatably connected to the fixed platform and the other end being rotatably connected to the lower ladder, the ladder body having an unfolded position and a folded position; a linkage mechanism, one end of which is hinged to the fixed platform and the other end of which is hinged to the lower ladder, the linkage mechanism being adapted to drive the lower ladder to move when the upper ladder rotates around the fixed platform; and a drive unit, one end of which is disposed on the fixed platform and the other end of which is adapted to drive the upper ladder to rotate around the fixed platform.

[0007] Beneficial effects: By designing a ladder body with folded and unfolded positions, and driving the ladder body through a drive unit, when workers need to use the ladder, the ladder body moves to the unfolded position, with the upper and lower ladders forming an inclined, extended ladder for workers to climb. When workers need to operate machinery, the ladder body moves to the folded position, with the upper ladder flipping upwards and moving towards the fixed platform, and the lower ladder simultaneously flipping and moving towards the upper ladder. This reduces the space occupied by the ladder and minimizes interference with the operation of machinery. Furthermore, because the fixed platform, upper ladder, and lower ladder are all connected by hinged rotating joints, no ropes are required for operation, reducing the likelihood of jamming during the unfolding or folding of the ladder body, and ensuring strong load-bearing capacity.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, a limiting structure is further included, the limiting structure comprising an upper limiting block and a lower limiting block, the upper limiting block being disposed on the upper ladder and the lower limiting block being disposed on the lower ladder, wherein in the folded position, the upper limiting block abuts against the fixed platform and the lower limiting block abuts against the upper ladder.

[0009] Beneficial effects: In the folded position, the upper limiting block of the upper ladder abuts against the fixed platform, thereby limiting the position of the upper ladder. The lower limiting block of the lower ladder abuts against the upper ladder, thus limiting the lower ladder based on the limitation of the upper ladder. This prevents the possibility of excessive movement of the upper and lower ladders during the movement of the ladder body from the unfolded position to the folded position, which could lead to collisions between the upper ladder and the fixed platform, or between the lower ladder and the upper ladder. This improves safety performance. In addition, in the folded position, the limiting structure ensures that each part of the ladder body abuts directly or indirectly against the fixed platform, effectively reducing the swaying of the ladder body structure and improving structural stability.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, a positioning structure is further included, comprising a first fixed seat, a second fixed seat, and a positioning pin. The first fixed seat is disposed on the fixed platform, and the second fixed seat is disposed on the upper ladder. Positioning holes are provided at opposite positions on the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat. In the folded position, the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat are disposed opposite each other. The positioning pin is adapted to pass through the two positioning holes at opposite positions on the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat to limit the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By setting positioning pins, a first fixed seat, and a second fixed seat, and setting positioning holes on the first and second fixed seats respectively, in the folded position, the first and second fixed seats are in opposite positions. The operator can position the first and second fixed seats by inserting the positioning pins into the two opposite positioning holes, thereby positioning the upper ladder and the fixed platform. Since the lower ladder is driven by the linkage mechanism when the upper ladder rotates around the fixed platform, the lower ladder is also positioned simultaneously. When the positioning pins position the upper and lower ladders, the operator needs to manually release the positioning before the unfolding action can be performed, avoiding the possibility of accidental operation and danger caused by the unexpected unfolding of the ladder body, thus ensuring the safety performance of the ladder structure.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the system further includes a ladder controller and a first sensor. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the drive unit and is used to control the operation of the drive unit. The first sensor is disposed on the first fixed base and is used to detect whether the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole of the first fixed base. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the first sensor and is adapted to receive the detection result of the first sensor. When the first sensor detects that the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole on the first fixed base, the ladder controller controls the drive unit to stop operating.

[0013] Beneficial effects: By setting a first sensor and electrically connecting it to the ladder controller, the first sensor detects whether the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole. When the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, the drive unit stops operating. That is, the ladder body cannot unfold or fold at this time. This avoids the possibility of the second fixed seat colliding with the positioning pin due to the operator's misoperation of the ladder controller when the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, which could cause danger or structural damage. This further improves the safety performance of the ladder structure.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, a second sensor is further included. The second sensor is disposed on the fixed platform and electrically connected to the ladder controller. The second sensor is adapted to detect whether the distance between the upper ladder and the folding position is greater than a preset value. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the working machinery controller. When the first sensor detects that the positioning pin has left the positioning hole, or when the second sensor detects that the distance between the upper ladder and the folding position is greater than the preset value, the ladder controller sends a signal to the working machinery controller to prohibit the rotation of the rotating platform of the working machinery.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By installing a second sensor, when the second sensor detects that the distance between the upper ladder and the folding position is greater than a preset value, the ladder body is not in a folded state. If the rotating platform of the operating machinery rotates at this time, it could easily cause mechanical collisions and personnel accidents. Therefore, when the second sensor detects that the distance between the upper ladder and the folding position is greater than the preset value, the ladder controller sends a signal to the operating machinery controller to prevent the rotating platform of the operating machinery from rotating, ensuring equipment and personnel safety. Additionally, if the first sensor detects that the positioning pin has left the positioning hole, it proves that the ladder body is not in a folded state, or that the ladder body is in a state ready to unfold. In this case, it is also necessary to prevent the rotating platform of the operating machinery from rotating to ensure equipment and personnel safety.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, the drive unit includes a hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is hinged to the fixed platform and the other end of which is hinged to the upper ladder.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The hydraulic cylinder drives the upper ladder, making the movement height of the upper ladder controllable and the driving process smooth and reliable. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder can adapt to the larger weight of the ladder body, making it easy to adapt to ladder bodies of different models and weights.

[0018] In one alternative implementation, an alarm electrically connected to the ladder controller is also included, the alarm being configured to sound an alarm as the ladder body unfolds or folds.

[0019] Beneficial effects: By setting up an alarm to sound during the unfolding or folding of the ladder body, the safety performance of the device is further enhanced by raising the awareness of staff and people in the surrounding area to avoid the ladder body.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes a first link, a second link, and a third link. One end of the first link is hinged to the fixed platform, and the other end is hinged to the middle region of the second link. One end of the second link is hinged to the upper ladder, and the other end is hinged to one end of the third link. The other end of the third link is hinged to the lower ladder. When the upper ladder rotates upward, the hinge point between the second link and the upper ladder moves closer to the hinge point between the first link and the fixed platform.

[0021] Beneficial effects: When the upper ladder rotates upward, i.e., when the main body of the ladder moves from the unfolded position to the folded position, the hinge between the second link and the upper ladder moves closer to the hinge between the first link and the fixed platform. Therefore, the first link generates a thrust on the second link in the direction away from the fixed platform. After receiving the thrust in its middle, the second link rotates around the hinge between the second link and the upper platform in the direction away from the fixed platform, thereby pushing the third link to move. After receiving the thrust from the third link, the lower ladder rotates along the end hinge with the upper ladder. When the upper ladder rotates downward, the first link generates a pulling force on the second link, causing the movement directions of the above components to be opposite. This realizes the function of the lower ladder moving with the rotation of the upper ladder and reaching the unfolded or folded position.

[0022] In one alternative embodiment, the upper ladder is provided with a mounting plate, and the second connecting rod and the lower ladder are respectively hinged to the upper ladder by hinged to the mounting plate.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Since the second link and the lower ladder are connected to the upper ladder by connecting to the mounting plate, rather than directly to the upper ladder body, structural motion interference is reduced. At the same time, the mounting plate can be hinged to the second link and the lower ladder respectively, and then installed on the upper ladder by welding, fastener connection or other methods. This effectively reduces the requirements for assembly accuracy, reduces assembly difficulty and increases assembly speed.

[0024] In one alternative embodiment, the linkage mechanism further includes a fourth link fixed at the end where the lower ladder connects to the upper ladder. One end of the third link is hinged to the fourth link, thereby hinged to the lower ladder. The other end of the fourth link is hinged to the mounting plate, thereby rotatably connecting the lower ladder to the upper ladder.

[0025] Beneficial effects: By setting a fourth link to replace the hinged connection between the lower ladder body and the third link and the mounting plate, when assembling the device, the fourth link can be hinged to the third link and the mounting plate respectively, and then fixed to the lower ladder by welding, fastener connection or other methods. This reduces the required dimensional accuracy of each link of the linkage mechanism, further reduces the assembly difficulty and improves the assembly efficiency.

[0026] In one optional embodiment, the linkage mechanism further includes a reinforcing link, one end of which is connected to the fourth link, and the other end of which extends toward the lower ladder away from the third link and is connected to the lower ladder. Both the first link and the reinforcing link are length-adjustable links.

[0027] Beneficial effects: By setting a reinforcing link, the force applied to the end of the fourth link is distributed to the lower ladder, thereby effectively dispersing the load, reducing the pressure at the connection between the fourth link and the lower ladder, and improving the reliability of the connection structure. Furthermore, by setting the first link as a length-adjustable link, the dimensional accuracy requirements of the first, second, and third links are reduced. Since the length of the first link is adjustable, it is convenient to correct the movement position and attitude of the upper ladder after assembly by adjusting the length of the first link, reducing assembly difficulty. By setting the reinforcing link as a length-adjustable link, after the fourth link is fixedly connected to the lower ladder, the length of the reinforcing link can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual installation position of the fourth link, effectively improving the adaptability of the components of the linkage mechanism.

[0028] Secondly, the present invention also provides a working machine, including: a rotating platform;

[0029] The driver's cab is located on the rotating platform;

[0030] A machine controller, adapted to control the rotation of the rotating platform;

[0031] In the aforementioned ladder structure, the fixed platform is located at the cab door of the cab, and the controller is electrically connected to the operating machinery controller.

[0032] Beneficial effects: The above-mentioned ladder structure is installed on the working machinery. When the ladder body is unfolded, it is safe and reliable, has a strong load-bearing capacity and is not prone to movement jamming, which makes it convenient for workers to safely get on and off the working machinery. At the same time, when the ladder body is folded, it occupies little space and is less likely to interfere with the movement of the working machinery, making it convenient and reliable to use. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ladder structure in the folded position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ladder structure in its unfolded position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a ladder structure from another perspective;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a ladder structure from another perspective;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a ladder structure from another perspective;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sensor structure in a ladder structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control of the drive unit in a ladder structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the drive unit structure in a ladder structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0044] 100. Fixed platform; 101. First sensor; 102. Second sensor; 200. Ladder body; 201. Upper ladder; 2011. Mounting plate; 202. Lower ladder; 203. Handrail; 204. Foot pedal; 205. Side beam; 300. Linkage mechanism; 301. First link; 302. Second link; 303. Third link; 304. Fourth link; 305. Reinforcing link; 400. Drive unit; 401. Hydraulic cylinder; 501. Upper limit block; 5011. Upper limit bracket; 502. Lower limit block; 5021. Lower limit bracket; 5022. Auxiliary bracket; 601. First fixed seat; 602. Second fixed seat; 603. Positioning pin; 604. Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] For ease of description, in some of the following embodiments, the technical features are referred to as... Figure 1 The indicated orientation is for reference and describes directions such as "up" and "down".

[0047] The following is combined Figures 1 to 9 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a ladder structure is provided, comprising: a fixed platform 100, a ladder body 200, a linkage mechanism 300, and a drive unit 400, wherein the fixed platform 100 is located at the cab door of the operating machinery; the ladder body 200 includes an upper ladder 201 and a lower ladder 202, one end of the upper ladder 201 is rotatably connected to the fixed platform 100, and the other end is rotatably connected to the lower ladder 202, and the ladder body 200 has an unfolded position and a folded position; one end of the linkage mechanism 300 is hinged to the fixed platform 100, and the other end is hinged to the lower ladder 202, and the linkage mechanism 300 is adapted to drive the lower ladder 202 to move and reach the unfolded position or the folded position when the upper ladder 201 rotates around the fixed platform 100; one end of the drive unit 400 is located on the fixed platform 100, and the other end is adapted to drive the upper ladder 201 to rotate around the fixed platform 100.

[0049] In this embodiment, a ladder body 200 with folded and unfolded positions is provided, and the ladder body 200 is driven by a drive unit 400. When workers need to use the ladder, the ladder body 200 moves to the unfolded position, and the upper ladder 201 and the lower ladder 202 together form an inclined and extended ladder for workers to climb. When workers need to operate the working machinery, the ladder body 200 moves to the folded position, the upper ladder 201 flips and moves towards the fixed platform 100, and the lower ladder 202 flips simultaneously and moves towards the upper ladder 201. This reduces the space occupied by the ladder and reduces the possibility of the ladder interfering with the operation of the working machinery. At the same time, since the fixed platform 100, the upper ladder 201 and the lower ladder 202 of the ladder body 200 are all connected by a hinged rotating connection, no ropes are required for the operation. The ladder body 200 is less prone to jamming during unfolding or folding, and has a strong load-bearing capacity.

[0050] Specifically, in the unfolded position, the upper ladder 201 extends downwards at an angle, and the lower ladder 202 rotates to connect with the upper ladder 201 and is located on the extension line of the upper ladder 201. When the ladder body 200 moves from the unfolded position to the folded position, the upper ladder 201 flips upwards under the drive of the drive unit 400, and simultaneously, the lower ladder 202 rotates downwards relative to the upper ladder 201 under the action of the linkage mechanism 300. In the folded position, the upper ladder 201 extends upwards from the hinge point with the fixed platform 100 and is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the fixed platform 100. At this time, the lower ladder 202 extends downwards from the hinge point with the upper ladder 201 and is parallel or nearly parallel to the upper ladder 201. The entire ladder body 200 forms a bent folded structure.

[0051] Specifically, both the upper ladder 201 and the lower ladder 202 may include handrails 203, several foot pedals 204, and two side beams 205. Two side beams 205 are arranged parallel to each other. Several foot pedals 204 are sequentially arranged between the two side beams 205 along the extension direction of the side beams 205 and are fixedly connected to the two side beams 205 respectively. Multiple handrails 203 are provided on the side beams 205.

[0052] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific form of the linkage mechanism 300. The linkage mechanism 300 only needs to be able to synchronously drive the lower ladder 202 to the folded position or the unfolded position as the upper ladder 201 rotates. Two sets of linkage mechanisms 300 can be provided, located on opposite sides of the ladder body 200 respectively. In some embodiments, one set of linkage mechanisms 300 can also be provided and located on one side of the ladder body 200.

[0053] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific form of the drive unit 400. The drive unit 400 only needs to be able to drive the upper ladder 201 to rotate around the fixed platform 100. For example, the drive unit 400 can be a hydraulic drive device, and in some embodiments not shown, it can also be a motor drive device or a pneumatic drive device.

[0054] In one embodiment, a limiting structure is also included, which includes an upper limiting block 501 and a lower limiting block 502. The upper limiting block 501 is disposed on the upper ladder 201, and the lower limiting block 502 is disposed on the lower ladder 202. In the folded position, the upper limiting block 501 abuts against the fixed platform 100, and the lower limiting block 502 abuts against the upper ladder 201.

[0055] Specifically, an upper limiting bracket 5011 is provided on the upper ladder 201, and an upper limiting block 501 is provided at the end of the limiting bracket away from the upper ladder 201. When the upper ladder 201 is rotated to the folded position, the upper limiting block 501 at the end of the upper limiting bracket 5011 extends towards the upper side of the fixed platform 100 and abuts against the upper side of the fixed platform 100, thereby limiting the upper ladder 201. It should be noted that the upper limiting bracket 5011 can be fixedly connected to the side beam 205 of the upper ladder 201. In some embodiments not shown, the upper limiting bracket 5011 can also be fixedly installed on the handrail 203, or the upper limiting bracket 5011 can also be fixedly installed on the edge of the foot pedal 204 near the side beam 205 of the upper ladder 201. A lower limiting bracket 5021 is provided on the lower side of the lower ladder 202. The lower limiting bracket 5021 can be fixedly installed on the side beam 205 of the lower ladder 202, or it can be installed on the lower side of any foot pedal 204 of the lower ladder 202. The lower limiting block 502 is provided on the lower limiting bracket 5021. An auxiliary bracket 5022 is provided on the lower side of the upper ladder 201 at a position opposite to the lower limiting bracket 5021. In the folded position, the lower limiting block 502 abuts against the auxiliary bracket 5022, thereby limiting the lower ladder 202.

[0056] Additionally, it should be noted that the upper limiting block 501 and the lower limiting member can be rigid structures or flexible structures with shock absorption functions. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the specific shapes of the upper limiting block 501 and the lower limiting block 502. The upper limiting block 501 and the lower limiting block 502 can be cylindrical, and in some embodiments not shown, they can also be cubic or other shapes.

[0057] In this embodiment, in the folded position, the upper limiting block 501 of the upper ladder 201 abuts against the fixed platform 100, thereby limiting the position of the upper ladder 201. The lower limiting block 502 of the lower ladder 202 abuts against the upper ladder 201, thereby limiting the lower ladder 202 based on the limitation of the upper ladder 201. This prevents the possibility of excessive movement of the upper ladder 201 and the lower ladder 202 during the movement of the ladder body 200 from the unfolded position to the folded position, which could lead to a collision between the upper ladder 201 and the fixed platform 100, or between the lower ladder 202 and the upper ladder 201. This improves safety performance. In addition, in the folded position, the limiting structure ensures that each part of the ladder body 200 abuts directly or indirectly against the fixed platform 100, which can effectively reduce the swaying of the ladder body 200 structure and improve the stability of the structure.

[0058] In one embodiment, the ladder structure further includes a positioning structure, which includes a first fixed seat 601, a second fixed seat 602, and a positioning pin 603. The first fixed seat 601 is disposed on the fixed platform 100, and the second fixed seat 602 is disposed on the upper ladder 201. Positioning holes 604 are provided at opposite positions on the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602. In the folded position, the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602 are disposed opposite to each other. The positioning pin 603 is adapted to pass through the two positioning holes 604 to limit the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602.

[0059] Specifically, both the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602 have a bracket and a seat plate. The seat plate is set perpendicular to the bracket, and the positioning holes 604 are opened on the corresponding seat plates. The first fixed seat 601 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixed platform 100 facing the ladder body 200. The bracket of the first fixed seat 601 extends upward. The bracket of the second fixed seat 602 is set parallel to the side beam 205 of the upper ladder 201. In the folded position, the seat plate of the second fixed seat 602 is located above or below the seat plate of the first fixed seat 601, so that the seat plate of the first fixed seat 601 and the seat plate of the second fixed seat 602 are set opposite to each other. At this time, the two positioning holes 604 are opposite to each other, and the positioning pins 603 pass through the two positioning holes 604 from top to bottom in sequence to realize the positioning of the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602. A limiting ring is fitted onto the positioning pin 603. The diameter of the limiting ring is larger than that of the positioning hole 604, thereby preventing the positioning pin 603 from passing under the positioning hole 604 and falling out when it is inserted into the positioning hole 604.

[0060] In this embodiment, by setting a positioning pin 603, a first fixed seat 601, and a second fixed seat 602, and setting positioning holes 604 on the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602 respectively, in the folded position, the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602 are in opposite positions. The operator positions the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602 by inserting the positioning pin 603 into the two opposite positioning holes 604, thereby positioning the upper ladder 201 and the fixed platform 100. Since the lower ladder 202 is driven by the linkage mechanism 300 when the upper ladder 201 rotates around the fixed platform 100, the lower ladder 202 is also positioned simultaneously. When the positioning pin 603 positions the upper ladder 201 and the lower ladder 202, the operator needs to manually release the positioning before the unfolding action can be performed, avoiding the possibility of accidental operation and the ladder body 200 unfolding unexpectedly, thus ensuring the safety performance of the device.

[0061] In one embodiment, the ladder structure further includes a ladder controller and a first sensor 101. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the drive unit 400 and is used to control the drive unit 400. The first sensor 101 is disposed on the first fixed base 601 and is used to detect whether the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning hole 604 of the first fixed base 601. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the first sensor 101 and is adapted to receive the detection result of the first sensor 101. When the first sensor 101 detects that the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning hole 604 on the first fixed base, the ladder controller controls the drive unit 400 to stop operating.

[0062] Specifically, this embodiment does not limit the type of the first sensor 101. The first sensor 101 can be a proximity sensor or other types of sensors that can detect whether the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning hole 604. The first sensor 101 is in an on state when the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning hole 604 of the first fixing seat 601, and in an off state otherwise.

[0063] In this embodiment, by setting a first sensor 101 and electrically connecting the first sensor 101 to the ladder controller, the first sensor 101 detects whether the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning hole 604. When the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning hole 604, that is, the first sensor 101 is in the on state and sends a signal to the ladder controller, the drive unit 400 stops operating. At this time, the ladder body 200 cannot be unfolded or folded, thereby avoiding the possibility of danger or structural damage caused by the second fixed seat 602 colliding with the positioning pin 603 due to the operator's misoperation of the ladder controller when the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning hole 604, which could lead to the second fixed seat 602 colliding with the positioning pin 603. This further improves the safety performance of the ladder structure.

[0064] In one embodiment, the working machine further includes a second sensor 102, which is disposed on the fixed platform 100 and electrically connected to the ladder controller. The second sensor 102 is adapted to detect whether the distance between the upper ladder 201 and the folding position is greater than a preset value. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the working machine controller. When the first sensor 101 detects that the positioning pin 603 leaves the positioning hole 604, or when the second sensor 102 detects that the distance between the upper ladder 201 and the folding position is greater than the preset value, the ladder controller sends a signal to the working machine controller to prohibit the rotation of the rotating platform of the working machine.

[0065] Specifically, this embodiment does not limit the type of the second sensor 102. The second sensor 102 can be a proximity sensor or other types of sensors. In the folded position, the second sensor 102 is in the on state, and otherwise in the off state.

[0066] In addition, specifically, in this embodiment, "the distance between the upper ladder 201 and the folded position" refers to the difference between "the distance between the upper ladder 201 in its current position and the second sensor 102" and "the distance between the upper ladder 201 in its folded position and the second sensor 102" in the detection direction of the second sensor 102.

[0067] It should be noted that the preset value between the upper ladder 201 and the folding position is set according to the model of the second sensor 102 used. For example, if the effective distance of the second sensor 102 is 10mm, the range of the preset value can be greater than 5mm and less than 10mm. The second sensor 102 disconnects when the distance between the upper ladder 201 and the folding position is greater than the preset value, rather than immediately disconnecting when the upper ladder 201 leaves the folding position. This is to avoid the second sensor 102 from erroneously triggering due to the vibration of the upper ladder 201 during operation causing the detection distance to fluctuate around the critical value.

[0068] In this embodiment, by setting a second sensor 102, when the second sensor 102 detects that the distance between the upper ladder 201 and the folding position is greater than a preset value, the ladder body 200 is not in a folded state. If the rotating platform of the operating machinery rotates at this time, it is easy to cause mechanical collision and personnel safety accidents. Therefore, when the second sensor 102 detects that the distance between the upper ladder 201 and the folding position is greater than the preset value, the ladder controller sends a signal to the operating machinery controller to prohibit the rotating platform of the operating machinery from rotating, so as to ensure equipment safety and personnel safety. In addition, when the first sensor 101 detects that the positioning pin 603 has left the positioning hole 604, it proves that the ladder body 200 is not in a folded state, or the ladder body 200 is in a state of being prepared to unfold. At this time, it is also necessary to prohibit the rotation of the rotating platform of the operating machinery to ensure equipment and personnel safety.

[0069] In one embodiment, the drive unit 400 includes a hydraulic cylinder 401, one end of which is hinged to the fixed platform 100 and the other end of which is hinged to the upper ladder 201.

[0070] Specifically, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 is hinged to the lower side of the fixed platform 100, and the other end is hinged to the lower side of the upper ladder 201.

[0071] In addition, the drive unit 400 may also include an oil tank, an electric pump, etc. The electric pump is electrically connected to the ladder control system and controls the delivery of hydraulic oil under the drive of the control system, thereby controlling the action of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0072] In this embodiment, the upper ladder 201 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 401, so that the movement height of the upper ladder 201 is controllable and the driving process is smooth and reliable. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 401 can adapt to the ladder body 200 with a larger weight, which is convenient to be adapted to ladder bodies 200 of different models and weights.

[0073] In one embodiment, the ladder structure also includes an alarm (not shown) electrically connected to the ladder controller, the alarm being configured to sound an alarm during the unfolding or folding of the ladder body 200.

[0074] In this embodiment, by setting an alarm to sound during the unfolding or folding of the ladder body 200, the safety performance of the device is further enhanced by raising the awareness of staff and surrounding personnel to avoid the ladder body 200.

[0075] In one embodiment, the linkage mechanism 300 includes a first link 301, a second link 302, and a third link 303. One end of the first link 301 is hinged to the fixed platform 100, and the other end is hinged to the middle region of the second link 302. One end of the second link 302 is hinged to the upper ladder 201, and the other end is hinged to one end of the third link 303. The other end of the third link 303 is hinged to the lower ladder 202. When the upper ladder 201 rotates upward, the hinge point between the second link 302 and the upper ladder 201 moves closer to the hinge point between the first link 301 and the fixed platform 100.

[0076] Specifically, this embodiment does not limit the specific forms of the first link 301, the second link 302, and the third link 303, as long as they can perform the above actions. For example, the first link 301 and the third link 303 are both rod-shaped, and the second link 302 is a bent "L" shape, with the bend of the second link 302 facing the first link 301. The end of the first link 301 is hinged to the bend of the second link 302. By setting the second link 302 to a bent "L" shape, the force received and transmitted by the second link 302 under the push of the first link 301 is more reasonable and efficient. In some embodiments not shown, the first link 301, the second link 302, and the third link 303 may also have other shapes.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the upper ladder 201 rotates upward, i.e., when the ladder body 200 moves from the unfolded position to the folded position, the hinge point between the second link 302 and the upper ladder 201 moves closer to the hinge point between the first link 301 and the fixed platform 100. Therefore, the first link 301 generates a thrust on the second link 302 in a direction away from the fixed platform 100. After receiving the thrust at its center, the second link 302 moves around the hinge point between the second link 302 and the upper platform. The lower ladder 202 rotates away from the fixed platform 100, thereby pushing the third link 303 to move. After being pushed by the third link 303, the lower ladder 202 rotates along the end hinge with the upper ladder 201. When the upper ladder 201 rotates downward, the first link 301 generates a pulling force on the second link 302, causing the movement direction of the above components to be reversed. This realizes the function of the lower ladder 202 moving with the rotation of the upper ladder 201 and reaching the unfolded or folded position.

[0078] In one embodiment, the upper ladder 201 is provided with a mounting plate 2011, and the second connecting rod 302 and the lower ladder 202 are respectively hinged to the upper ladder 201 by hinged to the mounting plate 2011.

[0079] In this embodiment, since the second link 302 and the lower ladder 202 are connected to the upper ladder 201 by connecting to the mounting plate 2011, rather than being directly connected to the upper ladder 201 body, structural motion interference is reduced. At the same time, the mounting plate 2011 can first be hinged to the second link 302 and the lower ladder 202 respectively, and then installed on the upper ladder 201 by welding, fastener connection or other means. This effectively reduces the requirements for assembly accuracy during assembly, reduces the assembly difficulty and increases the assembly speed.

[0080] In one embodiment, the linkage mechanism 300 further includes a fourth link 304, which is fixed at the end where the lower ladder 202 and the upper ladder 201 are connected. One end of the third link 303 is hinged to the fourth link 304, thereby hinged to the lower ladder 202. The other end of the fourth link 304 is hinged to the mounting plate 2011, thereby rotatably connecting the lower ladder 202 and the upper ladder 201.

[0081] In this embodiment, by setting a fourth link 304 to replace the lower ladder 202 body and hinge it to the third link 303 and the mounting plate 2011, when assembling the device, the fourth link 304 can be hinged to the third link 303 and the mounting plate 2011 respectively, and then the fourth link 304 can be fixedly connected to the lower ladder 202 by welding, fastener connection or other methods. This reduces the dimensional accuracy required for each link of the linkage mechanism 300, further reduces the assembly difficulty and improves the assembly efficiency.

[0082] In one embodiment, the linkage mechanism 300 further includes a reinforcing link 305, one end of which is connected to the fourth link 304, and the other end of which extends down the lower ladder 202 away from the third link 303 and is connected to the lower ladder 202.

[0083] In this embodiment, by setting a reinforcing link 305, the force applied to the end of the fourth link 304 is distributed to the ladder body of the lower ladder 202, thereby effectively dispersing the load, reducing the pressure on the connection between the fourth link 304 and the lower ladder 202, and improving the reliability of the connection structure.

[0084] In one embodiment, both the first link 301 and the reinforcing link 305 are length-adjustable links.

[0085] In this embodiment, by setting the first link 301 as a link of length, the dimensional accuracy requirements of the first link 301, the second link 302, and the third link 303 are reduced. Furthermore, since the length of the first link 301 is adjustable, it is convenient to correct the movement position and posture of the upper ladder 201 after assembly by adjusting the length of the first link 301, thus reducing the assembly difficulty. By setting the reinforcing link 305 as a link of adjustable length, after the fourth link 304 is fixedly connected to the lower ladder 202, the reinforcing link 305 can be adaptively adjusted in length according to the actual installation position of the fourth link 304, effectively improving the adaptability of each component of the linkage mechanism 300.

[0086] In some of the above embodiments, before the worker needs to use the ladder, the ladder body 200 is in a folded state. At this time, the positioning pin 603 is inserted into the positioning holes 604 of the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602, and both the first sensor 101 and the second sensor 102 are in the ON state. When the worker needs to unfold the ladder, the positioning pin 603 is first pulled out from the two positioning holes 604, the first sensor 101 is in the OFF state, the alarm sounds, and the ladder controller sends a signal to the work machinery controller to prohibit the rotation of the work machinery rotating platform and controls the drive unit 400 to start. The ladder body 200 begins to unfold. After the upper ladder 201 rotates to a certain angle, the second sensor 102 is disconnected. The ladder body 200 continues to move until the ladder controller detects that the drive unit 400 has reached its limit. At this time, the alarm is turned off, and the ladder body 200 is in the unfolded state. It should be noted that after the second sensor 102 is disconnected, the operator can insert the positioning pin 603 back into the positioning hole 604 of the first fixed seat 601, or wait until the ladder body 200 reaches the unfolded state before inserting the positioning pin 603 back into the positioning hole 604 of the first fixed seat 601.

[0087] When the staff needs to fold the ladder, they first pull the positioning pin 603 out of the positioning hole 604 of the first fixed seat 601. At this time, the alarm sounds again, and the ladder controller controls the drive unit 400 to move, so that the ladder body 200 begins to fold. When the distance between the upper ladder 201 and the folding position is less than the preset value, the alarm stops, and the ladder body 200 continues to move to the folding position. The staff then inserts the positioning pin 603 into the positioning hole 604 of the first fixed seat 601 and the second fixed seat 602 to complete the folding of the ladder.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present invention, another aspect provides a working machine, comprising: a rotating platform; a driver's cab disposed on the rotating platform; and a working machine controller adapted to control the rotation of the rotating platform;

[0089] In the aforementioned ladder structure, the fixed platform 100 is located at the cab door of the cab, and the controller is electrically connected to the working machinery controller.

[0090] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned ladder structure is set on the working machinery. The ladder body 200 is safe and reliable in the unfolded state, has a strong load-bearing capacity and is not prone to movement jamming, which makes it convenient for workers to safely get on and off the working machinery. At the same time, the ladder body 200 occupies little space in the folded position and is not likely to interfere with the movement of the working machinery, making it convenient and reliable to use.

[0091] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ladder structure, characterized in that, include: A fixed platform is located at the cab door of the operating machinery; The ladder body includes an upper ladder and a lower ladder. One end of the upper ladder is rotatably connected to the fixed platform, and the other end is rotatably connected to the lower ladder. The ladder body has an unfolded position and a folded position. A linkage mechanism, one end of which is hinged to the fixed platform and the other end of which is hinged to the lower ladder, is adapted to drive the lower ladder to move when the upper ladder rotates around the fixed platform; The linkage mechanism includes a first link, a second link, and a third link. One end of the first link is hinged to the fixed platform, and the other end is hinged to the middle region of the second link. One end of the second link is hinged to the upper ladder, and the other end is hinged to one end of the third link. The other end of the third link is hinged to the lower ladder. When the upper ladder rotates upward, the hinge point between the second link and the upper ladder moves closer to the hinge point between the first link and the fixed platform. The drive unit has one end located on the fixed platform and the other end adapted to drive the upper ladder to rotate around the fixed platform.

2. The ladder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting structure, which includes an upper limiting block and a lower limiting block. The upper limiting block is disposed on the upper ladder, and the lower limiting block is disposed on the lower ladder. In the folded position, the upper limiting block abuts against the fixed platform, and the lower limiting block abuts against the upper ladder.

3. The ladder structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a positioning structure, which includes a first fixed seat, a second fixed seat, and a positioning pin. The first fixed seat is disposed on the fixed platform, and the second fixed seat is disposed on the upper ladder. Positioning holes are provided at opposite positions on the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat. In the folded position, the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat are disposed opposite each other. The positioning pin is adapted to pass through the two positioning holes at opposite positions on the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat to limit the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat.

4. The ladder structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a ladder controller and a first sensor. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the drive unit and is used to control the drive unit. The first sensor is disposed on the first fixed base and is used to detect whether the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole of the first fixed base. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the first sensor and is adapted to receive the detection result of the first sensor. When the first sensor detects that the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole on the first fixed base, the ladder controller controls the drive unit to stop operating.

5. The ladder structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a second sensor, which is disposed on the fixed platform and electrically connected to the ladder controller. The second sensor is adapted to detect whether the distance between the upper ladder and the folding position is greater than a preset value. The ladder controller is electrically connected to the working machinery controller. When the first sensor detects that the positioning pin leaves the positioning hole, or when the second sensor detects that the distance between the upper ladder and the folding position is greater than the preset value, the ladder controller sends a signal to the working machinery controller to prohibit the rotating platform of the working machinery from rotating.

6. The ladder structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is hinged to the fixed platform and the other end of which is hinged to the upper ladder.

7. The ladder structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm electrically connected to the ladder controller, the alarm being configured to sound an alarm during the unfolding or folding of the ladder body.

8. The ladder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ladder is provided with a mounting plate, and the second connecting rod and the lower ladder are respectively hinged to the upper ladder by being hinged to the mounting plate.

9. The ladder structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism further includes a fourth link, which is fixed at the end where the lower ladder connects to the upper ladder. One end of the third link is hinged to the fourth link, thereby hinged to the lower ladder. The other end of the fourth link is hinged to the mounting plate, thereby rotatably connecting the lower ladder and the upper ladder.

10. The ladder structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism also includes a reinforcing link, one end of which is connected to the fourth link, and the other end of which extends toward the lower ladder away from the third link and is connected to the lower ladder. Both the first connecting rod and the reinforcing connecting rod are length-adjustable connecting rods.

11. A type of operating machinery, characterized in that, include: Rotating platform; The driver's cab is located on the rotating platform; A machine controller, adapted to control the rotation of the rotating platform; According to any one of claims 1 to 10, the fixed platform is located at the cab door of the cab, and the ladder controller is electrically connected to the working machinery controller.

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