An excavator engine start-stop control system and method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of excavator engine start-stop control system and method, including switch component, power control unit, power relay, main controller, starting control unit and engine controller, the switch component includes one-key starting switch, one end of the one-key starting switch is connected power control unit, main controller and power relay normally open contact output end respectively, the other end of the one-key starting switch is connected excavator system power positive pole and power relay normally open contact input end respectively, the coil end of the power relay is connected with the main controller through diode, the main controller is connected with starting control unit and engine controller respectively.The application realizes the control of whole machine power failure and engine start-stop through multi-level safety redundancy control, can effectively guarantee the system function safety design requirement under coupling start-stop control, improves the intelligent degree of system and enhances the reliability of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of excavator electrical control technology, and in particular to an excavator engine start-stop control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Excavators need to operate in various terrains, climates, and working conditions. Because the construction environment for excavators is very complex, any abnormal engine start-stop during operation poses a significant safety hazard. Therefore, the excavator's engine control system must possess high stability and ensure a certain level of system functional safety.

[0003] Existing excavator start-stop control systems mainly employ two technical approaches. One approach directly drives start-up or shutdown via a key switch. This system has a simpler electrical principle and better reliability, but its intelligence level is poor. It cannot achieve intelligent start-stop or asynchronous control for power failure and engine shutdown, failing to meet the requirement of shutting down the engine without interrupting power. The other approach uses a controller-coupled start-up control system, which can solve the problem of intelligent start-up control. However, engine shutdown is directly driven by a key switch or other switching module, lacking asynchronous shutdown capabilities. Some manufacturers can couple the vehicle controller to trigger the engine controller's shutdown control port to achieve asynchronous engine shutdown, but this control method lacks redundancy. In the event of controller failure, the engine may accidentally shut down, posing a control risk. Alternatively, in the event of controller failure, it may be impossible to perform emergency start-stop operations to avoid danger, failing to meet functional safety requirements.

[0004] Therefore, improving the intelligence and reliability of start-stop systems has become an important technical problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the first aspect of this application provides an excavator engine start-stop control system, including a switch assembly, a power control unit, a power relay, a main controller, a start control unit, and an engine controller. The switch assembly includes a one-button start switch, one end of which is connected to the normally open contact output terminal of the power control unit, the main controller, and the power relay, respectively. The other end of the one-button start switch is connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply and the normally open contact input terminal of the power relay, respectively. The coil terminal of the power relay is connected to the main controller via a diode. The main controller is connected to both the start control unit and the engine controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the system also includes an electronic monitor, which is connected to the main controller via a bus.

[0007] Furthermore, the system also includes an emergency switch, one end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply, and the other end is electrically connected to the coil terminals of the main controller and the power relay, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the switch assembly also includes an engine running indicator light and an engine start protection indicator light, which are respectively connected to the main controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the one-button start switch consists of two sets of self-reset buttons. The first output terminal is connected to the power control unit, which is used to power the power control unit within a preset time. The second output terminal is connected to the main controller, which is used to send a switch signal to the main controller.

[0010] The second aspect of this application provides a start-stop control method for an excavator engine, applied in the start-stop control system for an excavator engine provided in the first aspect, comprising: closing a one-button start switch, energizing the power control unit within a preset time; the main controller acquiring and analyzing the switch signal of the one-button start switch; when the switch signal is a short closed signal, receiving and detecting the signal from the engine controller to determine the engine operating state; if the engine is in a stopped state, outputting a high level to the power relay, energizing the power control unit and maintaining the current state; when the switch signal is a long closed signal, receiving and detecting the signal from the engine controller to determine the engine operating state; if the engine is in a stopped state, outputting a high level to the start control unit to start the engine; if the engine is in a running state, outputting a low level to the start control unit to shut down the engine.

[0011] Furthermore, the method also includes: when the main controller receives an abnormal switch signal from the one-button start switch, the main controller sends an emergency status to the electronic monitor via the bus, the electronic monitor displays a corresponding safety prompt and opens the start / stop operation interface, at which time the operator can perform start / stop operations through the electronic monitor.

[0012] Furthermore, the method also includes: closing the emergency switch, energizing the power relay coil, closing the normally open contact of the power relay, and energizing the power control unit.

[0013] Furthermore, after the emergency switch is closed, an emergency signal is sent to the main controller. The main controller then sends a corresponding signal to the electronic monitor via the bus. The electronic monitor displays the corresponding safety prompts and opens the emergency start and emergency shutdown operation interface. At this time, the operator can perform emergency start and stop operations through the electronic monitor.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: The excavator engine start-stop control system of this application adopts multi-level safety redundancy control to control the power failure and engine start-stop of the whole machine. It can effectively ensure the functional safety design requirements of the system under coupled start-stop control, improve the system's intelligence level and enhance its reliability. Redundant interfaces for input signals are achieved through electronic monitoring, and the effectiveness of emergency excavator operation is realized through emergency switch status detection and the introduction of bus start-stop concepts. This will be an important technology for improving excavator start-stop control technology. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the excavator engine start-stop control system of this application; Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of the excavator engine start-stop control system of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the excavator engine start-stop control method of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the excavator engine start-stop control method of this application; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Switch assembly; 1-1. One-button start switch; 1-2. Engine running indicator light; 1-3. Engine start protection indicator light; 2. Power control unit; 3. Power relay; 4. Emergency switch; 5. Main controller; 6. Start control unit; 7. Engine controller; 8. Electronic monitor; 9. Diode. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To facilitate understanding of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] refer to Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides an excavator engine start-stop control system, including a switch assembly 1, a power control unit 2, a power relay 3, a main controller 5, a start control unit 6, and an engine controller 7. The switch assembly 1 includes a one-button start switch 1-1, one end of which is electrically connected to the power control unit 2, the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5, and the normally open contact output terminal of the power relay 3. The other end of the one-button start switch 1-1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply and the normally open contact input terminal of the power relay 3. The DI-H1 port of the main controller 5 is connected to the coil terminal of the power relay 3 via a diode 9, the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5 is electrically connected to the start control unit 6, and the DI-H2 port of the main controller 5 is electrically connected to the engine controller 7. The system also includes an electronic monitor 8, and the main controller 5 is connected to the engine controller 7 and the electronic monitor 8 via two CAN buses.

[0018] In some embodiments, the system further includes an emergency switch 4. One end of the emergency switch 4 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply, and the other end is electrically connected to the DI-H2 port of the main controller 5 and the coil terminal of the power relay 3. When the emergency switch 4 is closed, the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply is connected to the coil of the power relay 3, and the normally open contact of the power relay 3 is energized. The positive terminal of the excavator system power supply is connected to the power control unit 2 through the power relay 3, and the power control unit 2 is energized. At the same time, the emergency switch 4 sends an emergency signal to the DI-H2 port of the main controller 5.

[0019] In the above embodiments, the specific structural form of the emergency switch 42 can be selected according to actual needs. For example, preferably, the emergency switch 42 can be a power relay or a group of power relays with two sets of normally closed contacts, or it can be other integrated switch units with automatic switching, or a mechanical emergency transfer switch with manual switching.

[0020] In some embodiments, the switch assembly 1 further includes an engine running indicator light 1-2 and an engine start protection indicator light 1-3. The DOH-4 port of the main controller 5 is electrically connected to the engine running indicator light 1-2, and the DOH-3 port of the main controller 5 is electrically connected to the engine start protection indicator light 1-3.

[0021] In some embodiments, the one-button start switch 1-1 consists of two sets of self-resetting buttons. Its first output is connected to the power control unit 2, and its second output is connected to the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5. When the one-button start switch 1-1 is closed, the excavator system power positive terminal is connected to the power control unit 2. Within a preset time, the power control unit 2 is energized, and the excavator engine start-stop control system begins operation. Simultaneously, the one-button start switch 1-1 sends an opening / closing signal to the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5.

[0022] This application also discloses a control method based on the above-mentioned excavator engine start-stop control system, including: Step S1: Close the one-button start switch 1-1. The power control unit 2 is energized within a preset time. Specifically, one end of the one-button start switch 1-1 is electrically connected to the power control unit 2, the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5, and the normally open contact output terminal of the power relay 3. The other end of the one-button start switch 1-1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply and the normally open contact input terminal of the power relay 3. When the operator presses the one-button start switch 1-1 briefly or for a long time, the one-button start switch 1-1 closes, the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply is connected to the power control unit 2, and the power control unit 2 is energized within a preset time. The excavator engine start-stop control system is then powered on and begins operation.

[0023] Step S2: The main controller 5 acquires and analyzes the switch signal of the one-key start switch 1-1. Specifically, after the one-key start switch 1-1 is closed, the one-key start switch 1-1 sends an opening / closing signal to the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5, and the main controller 5 acquires and analyzes the switch signal of the one-key start switch 1-1.

[0024] Step S3: When the switch signal is a short closed signal, the system receives and detects the signal from the engine controller 7 to determine the engine operating status. Specifically, when the operator briefly presses the one-button start switch 1-1, the one-button start switch 1-1 sends a short closed switch signal to the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5. At this time, the main controller 5 receives and detects the speed signal from the engine controller 7 and determines the engine operating status.

[0025] Step S4: If the engine is stopped, a high level is output to the power relay 3, and the power control unit 2 is energized and maintains the current state. Specifically, if the engine is not running, the DOH-5 port of the main controller outputs a high level, which reaches the power relay 3 through the diode 9. The coil of the power relay 3 is energized, the normally open contact of the power relay 3 is closed and maintains the current state. The positive terminal of the excavator system power supply is connected to the power control unit 2 through the power relay 3, and the power control unit 2 is energized and maintains the current state.

[0026] Step S5: When the switch signal is a long closed signal, the system receives and detects the signal from the engine controller 7 to determine the engine operating status. Specifically, when the operator presses and holds the one-button start switch 1-1, the one-button start switch 1-1 sends a long closed switch signal to the DI-H1 port of the main controller 5. At this time, the main controller 5 receives and detects the speed signal from the engine controller 7 and determines the engine operating status.

[0027] Step S6: If the engine is stopped, a high-level signal is output to the start control unit 6 to start the engine. If the engine is running, a low-level signal is output to the start control unit 6 to shut down the engine. Specifically, if the engine is not running, the DOH-5 port of the main controller outputs a high-level signal, which reaches the power relay 3 through diode 9. The coil of power relay 3 is energized, and the normally open contact of power relay 3 closes and remains in its current state. At the same time, if the main controller 5 does not detect any other start-prohibiting commands related to start protection, the DOH-1 port of the main controller 5 outputs a high-level signal to the start control unit 6, and the start control unit 6 controls the engine to start. If the engine is running, the DOH-1 port of the main controller 5 outputs a low-level signal to the start control unit 6, and the start control unit 6 controls the engine to shut down. Simultaneously, the DOH-5 port of the main controller outputs a low-level signal, which reaches the power relay 3 through diode 9, and the power control unit 2 shuts down the system.

[0028] In some embodiments, the method further includes: step S7, when the main controller 5 obtains an abnormal switch signal from the one-button start switch 1-1 via the DI-H1 port, the main controller 5 sends an emergency status to the electronic monitor 8 via the bus, and the electronic monitor 8 reminds the operator whether to control the emergency start / stop through the electronic monitor 8 if the start / stop control port is abnormal. After the operator confirms, the operator enters the start / stop operation interface, and at this time the operator can perform start / stop operations through the human-machine interface of the electronic monitor 8.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method further includes: step S8, when the one-button start switch 1-1 fails and the start control unit 6 cannot be powered, the operator can close the emergency switch 4, the coil of the power relay 3 is energized, the normally open contact of the power relay 3 is energized, and the power control unit 2 is powered.

[0030] Specifically, one end of the emergency switch 4 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply, and the other end is electrically connected to both the DI-H2 port of the main controller 5 and the coil terminal of the power relay 3. When the emergency switch 4 is closed, the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply is connected to the coil of the power relay 3, and the normally open contact of the power relay 3 is energized. The positive terminal of the excavator system power supply is then connected to the power control unit 2 via the power relay 3, energizing the power control unit 2 and powering on the excavator engine start-stop control system. At this time, the isolation diode 9 prevents the excavator system power from flowing back into the DI-H2 port of the main controller 5 and causing a shock to the main controller 5. Simultaneously, the emergency switch 4 sends an emergency signal to the DI-H2 port of the main controller 5, which then sends a corresponding signal to the electronic monitor 8 via the bus. The electronic monitor 8 displays the corresponding safety prompts and opens the emergency start and emergency shutdown operation interface, allowing the operator to perform emergency start and emergency shutdown operations through the human-machine interface of the electronic monitor 8.

[0031] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this application as claimed. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of controlling start and stop of an engine of a shovel, characterized by, The system includes a switch assembly (1), a power control unit (2), a power relay (3), a main controller (5), a start control unit (6), and an engine controller (7). The switch assembly (1) includes a one-button start switch (1-1). One end of the one-button start switch (1-1) is connected to the normally open contact output of the power control unit (2), the main controller (5), and the power relay (3), respectively. The other end of the one-button start switch (1-1) is connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply and the normally open contact input of the power relay (3), respectively. The coil end of the power relay (3) is connected to the main controller (5) through a diode (9). The main controller (5) is connected to the start control unit (6) and the engine controller (7), respectively. The process also includes the following steps: closing the one-button start switch (1-1), the power control unit (2) is powered on within a preset time; the main controller (5) acquires and analyzes the switch signal of the one-button start switch (1-1); when the switch signal is a short closed signal, it receives and detects the signal of the engine controller (7) to determine the engine operating status; if the engine is in a stopped state, it outputs a high level to the power relay (3), the power control unit (2) is powered on and maintains the current state; when the switch signal is a long closed signal, it receives and detects the signal of the engine controller (7) to determine the engine operating status; if the engine is in a stopped state, it outputs a high level to the start control unit (6), the engine starts; if the engine is in a running state, it outputs a low level to the start control unit (6), the engine shuts down.

2. The excavator engine start-stop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electronic monitor (8), which is connected to the main controller (5) via a bus.

3. The excavator engine start-stop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an emergency switch (4), one end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the excavator system power supply, and the other end is electrically connected to the coil terminals of the main controller (5) and the power relay (3).

4. The excavator engine start-stop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch assembly (1) further includes an engine running indicator light (1-2) and an engine start protection indicator light (1-3), which are respectively connected to the main controller (5).

5. The excavator engine start-stop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-button start switch (1-1) consists of two sets of self-reset buttons. Its first output terminal is connected to the power control unit (2) for powering the power control unit (2) within a preset time. Its second output terminal is connected to the main controller (5) for sending a switch signal to the main controller (5).

6. The excavator engine start-stop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: when the main controller (5) obtains an abnormal switch signal of the one-button start switch (1-1), the main controller (5) sends an emergency status to the electronic monitor (8) via the bus. The electronic monitor (8) displays the corresponding safety prompt and opens the start / stop operation interface. At this time, the operator can perform start / stop operations through the electronic monitor (8).

7. The excavator engine start-stop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: closing the emergency switch (4), energizing the coil of the power relay (3), closing the normally open contact of the power relay (3), and energizing the power control unit (2).

8. The excavator engine start-stop control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the emergency switch (4) is closed, it sends an emergency signal to the main controller (5). The main controller (5) will send a corresponding signal to the electronic monitor (8) via the bus. The electronic monitor (8) displays the corresponding safety prompts and opens the emergency start and emergency shutdown operation interface. At this time, the operator can perform emergency start and stop operations through the electronic monitor (8).

Images