A method for verifying and calculating the rolling force energy of an edge rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams.

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for verifying the rolling force of an edge mill in the X-H rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams. The method includes using known basic data of the intermediate slab and finished H-beam after the initial billet preparation, basic parameters of the universal rolling mill, and rolling specifications; and performing the following calculations using calculation formulas: calculating the flange width before and after rolling in each pass of the universal rolling mill, and the flange width after rolling in the edge mill; calculating the web height, web groove height, cross-sectional area, length after rolling, and reduction of area of ​​the rolled piece in each pass of the universal rolling mill; calculating multiple average rolling speeds of the universal rolling mill in each pass, and the heat radiation dissipation time at the head and tail of the rolled piece; and calculating the correction coefficient ξ for the flange rolling force in each pass of the edge mill. fE(n) ; Calculate the radiative heat dissipation temperature drop, deformation temperature rise, and heat conduction temperature drop of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece in each universal rolling pass, thereby obtaining the head and tail flanges of the workpiece after each universal rolling pass; Calculate the deformation resistance and basic rolling force of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece in each pass of the edge rolling mill; Organize and output the results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of an edge rolling mill under the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams. Background Technology

[0002] H-beams are an economical and efficient structural material with a more optimized cross-sectional area distribution and a more reasonable strength-to-weight ratio. They are named for their cross-section resembling the letter "H". Due to their cross-sectional shape, H-beams have significantly better section modulus, moment of inertia, and corresponding strength than ordinary I-beams of the same weight. H-beams offer advantages such as wide flanges, thin walls, light weight, a wide height range, various specifications, and flexible application. Used in truss structures with different requirements, they demonstrate significantly superior performance when subjected to bending moments, compressive loads, and eccentric loads. They can greatly increase load-bearing capacity compared to ordinary I-beams while saving 10% to 40% of metal. Furthermore, because their flanges are parallel on both sides and the flange ends are at right angles, they are easy to assemble into various components, saving approximately 25% of welding and riveting work. This greatly accelerates construction speed, saves costs, and shortens the construction period, leading to their widespread application.

[0003] In the XH rolling process, the universal rolling process of H-beams involves two powered horizontal rolls (upper and lower) and two unpowered free vertical rolls (left and right) simultaneously rolling the workpiece. The edging mill process, located between the two universal rolling mills, rolls the flange width of the workpiece to limit the flange spread during universal rolling, ultimately ensuring the flange width meets the required dimensional accuracy. Therefore, the edging mill is crucial for improving the final dimensional accuracy of the flange width of hot-rolled H-beams. Because the hot rolling process of H-beams involves intense plastic deformation, the universal rolling process and the edging mill rolling process interact, exhibiting both geometric and physical nonlinear characteristics. Furthermore, the initial conditions are complex. Therefore, simplification, assumptions, and the use of experimental, empirical data, graphical, and modeling methods are necessary. Large-scale commercial simulation analysis software such as MSC / SuperForm, ANSYS, Deform, Mark / Mental, and Abaqus are employed to study the hot rolling process.

[0004] For actual H-beam production lines, on-site process engineers urgently need a simple, adjustable, and fast-responding force and energy calculation method. This allows them to quickly make reasonable judgments based on the impact of changes in billet size, rolling temperature, and steel grade on the force and energy parameters of the edge rolling mill. However, the application of large-scale commercial simulation software requires significant investment from enterprises, as well as the allocation of professional personnel for modeling and analysis, and the simulation analysis is time-consuming. Furthermore, most H-beam production process engineers lack the knowledge and ability for modeling and analysis, making it impossible for them to quickly perform verification calculations and analyses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention proposes a simple and effective method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of hot-rolled H-beam edge rolling mills, based on plastic forming theory and practical production experience.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for calculating the rolling force and energy verification of the edge rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams. This method utilizes known basic data of the intermediate billet and finished H-beams after billet preparation, basic parameters of the universal rolling mill, and rolling specifications; as well as calculations of basic parameters during the flange rolling process, calculations of the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the rolled piece, calculations of rolling speed and rolling time, calculations of the correction coefficient for the edge rolling mill rolling force, calculations of the temperature change of the rolled piece during the rolling process, and formulas for calculating the force and energy parameters during edge rolling. The calculations are performed according to the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Calculate the pre-roll and post-roll flange widths W for each pass of the universal rolling process according to the algorithm relationship in Section 1, Subsection 1. f(n) w f(n) and the flange width w after the edging machine fE(n-1) During calculation, the bite-in front flange temperature T in each rolling pass is... sf(n) The initial values ​​are all uniformly assigned to the initial rolling temperature T of the intermediate billet after the initial rolling. Uf(0) Or the final rolling temperature T of the finished H-beam. Uf(N) ;

[0008] Step 2: Using the calculation results from Step 1, calculate the web height H of the workpiece for each pass of universal rolling according to the algorithmic relationship between the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the workpiece. w(n) Web groove height H ch(n) Cross-sectional area A n Length L of the rolled piece n and the reduction of area μ n ;

[0009] Step 3: Utilize the reduction of area μ from Step 2 n Based on the acceleration and deceleration rolling relationship of the universal rolling mill and the continuous rolling relationship between the universal roughing mill and the universal finishing mill, and according to the algorithm relationship of the relevant calculation of rolling speed and rolling time, the average rolling speed of the universal rolling mill for each rolling pass and the heat radiation dissipation time of the head and tail of the rolled piece are calculated.

[0010] Step 4: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3, calculate the correction coefficient ξ of the flange rolling force for each rolling pass of the edging mill according to the algorithm relationship for calculating the correction coefficient of the edging mill rolling force. fE(n) ;

[0011] Step 5: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3, and according to the algorithmic relationship for calculating the temperature change of the rolled piece during the rolling process, calculate the radiative heat loss temperature drop (ΔT) of the head and tail flanges of the rolled piece in each universal rolling pass. hrf(n) ΔT trf(n) ), deformation temperature rise (ΔT) dfh(n) ΔT dft(n) ) and thermal conduction temperature drop (ΔT) cfh(n) ΔT cft(n) This allows for the acquisition of the head and tail flanges (T) of the rolled piece after each universal rolling pass. Ufh(n) T Uft(n) );

[0012] Step 6: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3 and Step 5, calculate the deformation resistance and basic rolling force of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece in each pass of the edging mill according to the algorithm for calculating the force energy parameters during edging mill rolling.

[0013] Step 7: Using the temperature calculation results from Step 5, repeat Step 1 and Step 2 according to the algorithmic relationship between the calculation of basic parameters of the flange rolling process and the calculation of the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the rolled piece, and update the target parameter values ​​in Step 1 and Step 2 through iterative calculation.

[0014] Step 8: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 7, calculate the post-rolling temperature, final rolling force, rolling torque, friction torque, and transmission power of the edge rolling mill for each pass of the workpiece, according to the algorithm for calculating the correction coefficient of the rolling force of the edge rolling mill, the temperature change of the workpiece during the rolling process, and the force energy parameters during the edge rolling.

[0015] Step 9: Organize and output the results.

[0016] This invention combines plastic forming theory and practical production experience to propose a simple and effective method for verifying the rolling force of hot-rolled H-beam edge rolling mills. It also includes the calculation of the shape parameters and deformation temperature of the rolled pieces for each pass of the universal roughing mill UR and the universal finishing mill UF.

[0017] The calculation results fully meet the requirements for the verification of rolling force and energy parameters of hot-rolled H-beam edge rolling mills, and can provide a reference for H-beam process development and production line design planning. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of UR-E-UF for H-beams rolled using the XH rolling method. Figure 1 In: (1) Intermediate billet after billet opening (2) Universal roughing mill UR (3) Edge rolling mill E (4) Universal finishing mill UF

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional shape and parameter annotations of the intermediate billet after blanking.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape of the finished H-beam. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] The XH rolling process unit includes one universal roughing mill UR, one edge mill E, and one universal finishing mill UF, and typically a large roughing mill BD is located before UR, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the XH rolling process features a compact rolling rhythm, high efficiency, low investment, and high returns. It was initially successfully tested by SMS Meer in Germany and is now widely used worldwide.

[0026] The XH rolling method uses intermediate billets after roughing and rolling, whose cross-sectional shape is close to that of the finished product. This results in uniform stress distribution, low rolling energy consumption, and high product precision during the three-stand tandem UR-E-UF rolling process. The cross-section of the intermediate billet after roughing involved in this invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, where H ch For the height of the web groove, H w Web height, T wFor web thickness, W f For the flange width, T f For the flange thickness, L f This refers to the flange leg length. The cross-section of the finished H-beam involved in this invention is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0027] Before the verification calculation, the known data are:

[0028] (1) Chemical composition, weight (G), length (L), cross-sectional area (S), and web groove height (H) of the cold intermediate billet after billet preparation. ch ), web height (H) w Web thickness (T) w ), wing width (W f ), flange thickness (T) f ), Wing length (L) f ), inner flange slope (θ), outer flange slope Web flange transition fillet radius (R);

[0029] (2) Height of web groove in cold-formed finished H-beam (H) ch ), web height (H) w Web thickness (T) w ), wing width (W f ), flange thickness (T) f ), Wing length (L) f ), inner flange slope (θ), outer flange slope Web flange transition fillet radius (R);

[0030] (3) Nominal diameter of the horizontal rolls of the universal rolling mill (D) h ) and the side inclination angle of the roller (β), the nominal diameter of the vertical roller (D) v ), roll material coefficient (R) m ), base velocity (V) b ) and maximum speed (V m and idling torque M U0 ;

[0031] (4) The stand spacing (E) of the universal roughing mill UR and the universal finishing mill UF, and the nominal diameter of the rolls of the edge rolling mill (D) E );

[0032] (5) Total number of rolling passes (N) and flange thickness and web thickness of each pass;

[0033] (6) Rolling temperature (T), including the initial rolling temperature of the intermediate billet after the billet is opened and the final rolling temperature of the finished product pass.

[0034] The XH rolling process involves multiple reciprocating rolling operations of the workpiece from UR to UF and then from UF back to UR. During this reciprocating rolling process between UR and UF, the workpiece also undergoes edge rolling at a mill E located between UR and UF. In this invention, both "from UR to E, then to UF" and "from UF to E, then to UR" are considered as one rolling cycle. In each rolling cycle, the workpiece undergoes two passes of universal rolling and one pass of edge rolling. The number of rolling cycles ψ is half the total number of rolling passes N. Taking one rolling cycle from UR to UF as an example, the specific rolling process is as follows:

[0035] (1) UR first bites into the workpiece at low speed, then the edge mill E bites in, and finally UF bites in and establishes a universal continuous rolling relationship;

[0036] (2) After the continuous rolling relationship is established, UR begins to accelerate, and UF increases its speed according to the continuous rolling relationship until UR reaches a certain speed of the main motor.

[0037] (3) UR then accelerates from that speed to the final stable rolling speed, and UF increases the speed according to the continuous rolling relationship;

[0038] (4) After UR throws out the steel at the final stable rolling speed, UF disconnects from UR and begins to decelerate until the UF main motor drops to a certain speed during the acceleration period.

[0039] (5) The edge rolling mill E throws out the steel, and UF continues to reduce the speed to the set low speed and throw out the steel;

[0040] (6) After the workpiece decelerates and comes to a brief stop, it immediately reverses direction to begin the next rolling cycle. The next rolling cycle is counted from the moment the workpiece begins to reverse direction.

[0041] I. Calculation Formulas for Relevant Parameters

[0042] The present invention is calculated in the following six parts, and some calculation results are mutually referenced among the six parts.

[0043] 1. Calculation of basic parameters for flange rolling process:

[0044] First, based on the basic dimensional parameters of the billet and finished product, as well as the flange thickness of each pass, the flange width after each rolling pass and the flange width after edge rolling are calculated. The calculated parameters will then serve as the basic data for subsequent calculations of rolling force and energy.

[0045] (1) Utilizing the flange thickness T before and after rolling f Calculate the reduction ΔT of the flange thickness during the nth universal rolling pass. f(n) (Unit: mm) Calculated using the following formula:

[0046] ΔT f(n) =Tf(n-1) -T f(n)

[0047] In the formula, n is the rolling pass number, with a maximum value of N. The following points need to be explained:

[0048] 1) During the nth universal rolling pass, T f(n-1) T represents the flange thickness after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass. f(n) The flange thickness after the nth universal rolling pass;

[0049] 2) When n = 1, T f(0) T represents the initial flange thickness of the intermediate billet after billet preparation. f(1) The flange thickness after rolling by a universal roughing mill;

[0050] 3) When n = N, T f(N-1) T represents the flange thickness after the (N-1)th universal rolling pass. f(N) For the cold-state flange thickness of the finished H-beam after being rolled by a universal finishing mill, we have:

[0051] ΔT f(N) =T f(N-1) -αT f(N)

[0052] In the formula, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, which is usually taken as 1.005 to 1.02.

[0053] (2) Calculate the working roll diameter of the universal rolling mill:

[0054] 1) Working roll diameter of vertical roll (D) vk The size of ) is calculated using the following formula:

[0055] D vk =0.99D v

[0056] In the formula, D v The nominal diameter of the vertical roll of the universal rolling mill is in mm.

[0057] 2) Working roll diameter of the horizontal roll (D) hk(n) The size of ) is calculated using the following formula:

[0058] D hk(n) =D h -(5+0.31(w f(n) -T w(n) ))

[0059] The calculation for the Nth pass of universal rolling is as follows:

[0060] D hk =D h -(5+0.31α(w f(N)-T w(N) ))

[0061] In the formula, D h The nominal diameter of the horizontal roll of the universal rolling mill, in mm; w f(n) T w(n) These are the flange width and web thickness of the rolled piece after the nth universal rolling pass, respectively; α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, usually taken as 1.005 to 1.02.

[0062] (3) During the nth universal rolling pass, the linear velocity v of the vertical roll of the universal mill n (Unit: m / s), the calculation formula is:

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, V n The stable rotational speed of the universal mill rolls during the nth pass of stable rolling, in rpm.

[0065] (4) The influence coefficient m of external friction on the unit rolling pressure of the workpiece flange during the nth universal rolling pass. f(n) :

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, the friction coefficient f for each pass is... n Calculate using the following formula:

[0068] f n =R m (1.05-0.0005T sf(n) )

[0069] In the formula, the coefficient R m This is a coefficient related to the material of the rolls; typically, it's 0.9 to 1 for steel rolls and 0.8 for cast iron rolls; T sf(n) The temperature (°C) of the workpiece flange before bite-in in the nth universal rolling pass is calculated using the following formula:

[0070] T sf(n) =T Uf(n-1) -ΔT rf(n)

[0071] In the formula, T Uf(n-1) T is the flange temperature of the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass; when n is 1, T Uf(0) ΔT represents the initial flange temperature of the intermediate billet after billet preparation. rf(n) The detailed calculation method for the radiative heat loss of the leading flange in the nth universal rolling pass is given in Section 4 of this invention. f(n) For the nth universal rolling pass, the contact arc length of the deformation zone on one side of the flange of the workpiece, in mm, is calculated using the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] (5) After the nth universal rolling pass, the flange width w of the rolled piece f(n) Calculate using the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, W f(n) Let T be the flange width before the nth universal rolling pass, in mm. When n = 1, T f(0) w is the initial flange thickness of the intermediate billet after billet preparation; w is only the initial flange thickness of the intermediate billet after billet preparation when n = N. f(N) Let W be the cold flange width of the finished H-beam after universal mill rolling. Then, the flange width W before the Nth universal rolling pass... f(N) Calculate using the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, typically taken as 1.005 to 1.02. Furthermore, when the number of passes n is an even number, we have:

[0078] W f(n) =w fE(n-1)

[0079] In the formula, w fE(n-1) Let be the flange width after the (n-1)th pass of the edge rolling mill. When the number of passes n is an odd number other than 1, we have:

[0080] W f(n) =w f(n-1)

[0081] (6) After the nth pass of the edge rolling mill, the flange leg length L fE(n) Calculate using the following formula:

[0082] L fE(n) =(w fE(n) -T w(n) ) / 2

[0083] In the formula, w fE(n) T represents the flange width after the nth pass of the edging mill, in mm. w(n) The thickness of the web after the nth universal rolling pass is in mm.

[0084] (7) In a rolling cycle, when the number of passes n is odd, the edging mill completes one rolling operation; when it is even, the edging mill does not actually perform any rolling. Therefore, when the number of passes n is an even number other than N, the effect is only numerical:

[0085] w fE(n) =w f(n)

[0086] When n = N, w fE(N) T w(N) Let L be the cold-state flange width and cold-state web thickness of the finished H-beam after being rolled by a universal finishing mill. fE(N) Calculate using the following formula:

[0087] w fE(N) =αw f(N)

[0088] L fE(N) =α(w f(N) -T w(N) ) / 2

[0089] 1) For courses n with odd number of passes and (w f(n) -T w(n) ) / 2>L fE(N-1) The number of passes, the flange width w after the nth pass of the edging mill. fE(n) for:

[0090] w fE(n) =2L fE(N-1) +T w(n)

[0091] 2) For courses with an odd number of passes (n) f(n) -T w(n) ) / 2≤L fE(N-1) When, the flange width w after the nth pass of the edging mill fE(n) for:

[0092] w fE(n) =w f(n)

[0093] (8) The reduction in flange width (Δw) during the rolling process of the edge rolling mill. fE(n) The calculation formula is:

[0094] Δw fE(n) =W fE(n) -w fE(n)

[0095] In the formula, W fE(n) w fE(n) Let be the flange widths before and after the nth pass of the edge rolling mill, respectively, in mm. Since the flange width before edge rolling is the same as the flange width after universal rolling, we have:

[0096] Δw fE(n) =w f(n) -w fE(n)

[0097] In the formula, w f(n)Let n be the flange width after the nth universal rolling pass, in mm. During a rolling cycle, when the number of passes n is even, the edging mill does not roll. Therefore, numerically, the flange width reduction after the nth even-numbered pass of the edging mill is always 0 mm.

[0098] (9) The width expansion Δw of the flange of the rolled piece after the nth universal rolling pass. f(n) Calculate using the following formula:

[0099] Δw f(n) =w f(n) -W f(n)

[0100] In the formula, w f(n) W f(n) These are the flange widths after the nth universal rolling pass and before universal rolling, respectively, in mm.

[0101] When n is N, the width extension of the finished pass is calculated using the following formula:

[0102] Δw f(N) =αw f(N) -W f(N)

[0103] In the formula, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, usually taken as 1.005 to 1.02; W f(N) The flange width before the Nth universal rolling pass is in mm.

[0104] 2. Calculation of the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the rolled piece:

[0105] Based on the basic information of the rolled piece for each pass and the calculation results from Part 1, the cross-sectional area, perimeter, and related parameters of the rolled piece for each pass are further calculated. The calculation results will be used in subsequent calculations of rolling time, rolled piece temperature, etc.

[0106] (1) Calculation of the cross-sectional area of ​​the intermediate billet after billet preparation

[0107] If the web height H of the intermediate billet w(0) Unknown, web groove height H ch(0) When known, H can be calculated using the following formula. w0 :

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, H ch(0) W f(0) T w(0) T f(0) These represent the web groove height, flange width, web thickness, and flange thickness of the intermediate billet after roughing, respectively, in mm; θ0, These are the inner flange slope angle and the outer flange slope angle, respectively, in degrees.

[0110] The area A of the fillet radius of the web of the irregularly shaped billet r(0) The unit is mm. 2 :

[0111]

[0112] Typically, θ0 is the flange inclination angle of the irregular intermediate billet, and R0 is the web fillet radius of the irregular intermediate billet.

[0113] The total cross-sectional area A0 of the irregularly shaped billet is in mm. 2 :

[0114] A0 = H w(0) T w(0) +2T f(0) (W f(0) -T w(0) )+4A r0

[0115] (2) Calculation of cross-sectional area of ​​workpiece in each pass of universal rolling

[0116] In universal rolling, the web fillet radius R of each pass n The value can be selected according to the actual situation. The flange inclination angle θ of the universal roughing mill and universal finishing mill. n The value is typically the flange inclination angle θ of a finishing mill. n It is much smaller than a universal roughing mill.

[0117] 1) The area A of the web fillet of the nth universal rolling pass. r(n) The unit is mm. 2 :

[0118]

[0119] 2) In universal rolling, the total cross-sectional area A of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass. n The unit is mm. 2 :

[0120] A n =H w(n) T w(n) +2T f(n) (w f(n) -T w(n) )+4A r(n)

[0121] In the formula, H w(n) T w(n) T f(n) w f(n)These are the web height, web thickness, flange thickness, and flange width of the rolled piece after the nth universal rolling pass, respectively.

[0122] When n = N, the hot cross-sectional area of ​​the finished product pass is:

[0123] A N =α 2 H w(N) T w(N) +2α 2 T f(N) (w f(N) -T w(N) )+4A r(N)

[0124] In the formula, H w(N) T w(N) T f(N) w f(N) All figures are cold-formed web height, web thickness, flange thickness, and flange width of H-beams rolled by a universal finishing mill, in mm. 2 .

[0125] 3) The height of the web groove in the finished hot state is (in mm):

[0126] H ch(N) =α(H w(N) -2T f(N) )

[0127] The web groove height for each pass of the universal finishing mill is (in mm):

[0128] H ch(n) =H ch(N )

[0129] The web groove height for each pass of the universal roughing mill is (in mm):

[0130] H ch(n) =H ch(N) -x

[0131] In the formula, x is the average web width expansion (3 mm in this paper), mm.

[0132] 4) Except for the Nth pass, the web height (in mm) of all other universal rolling passes is as follows:

[0133]

[0134] In the formula, y is the web height correction value, in mm.

[0135] (3) Calculation of the circumference of the rolled piece in each pass of universal rolling

[0136] The circumference of the rolled piece is calculated using the following simplified formula (unit: mm):

[0137] C n =2(H ch(n) -T w(n) )+4(w f(n) +T f(n) )

[0138] In the formula, H ch(n) T w(n) w f(n) T f(n) All of these are the web groove height, web thickness, flange width, and flange thickness of H-beams rolled by a universal rolling mill.

[0139] (4) Calculation of the section shrinkage rate of the rolled piece in each pass of universal rolling

[0140] From the first pass to the nth pass, calculate the cross-sectional reduction rate for each pass sequentially. The cross-sectional reduction rate μ for the nth pass is... n The calculation formula is:

[0141]

[0142] In the formula, A n-1 A n These are the hot cross-sectional areas of the rolled piece after the (n-1)th and nth passes, respectively, in mm. 2 When n = 1, A0 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the irregularly shaped blank.

[0143] (5) Calculation of the post-rolling length of the workpiece in each pass of universal rolling

[0144] Based on the section shrinkage rate μ of each pass n Calculate the length of the rolled piece after each pass, and the length L of the rolled piece after the nth pass. n The calculation formula (unit: m) is as follows:

[0145]

[0146] When n=1, the length L1 of the workpiece after the first pass is calculated using the following formula:

[0147]

[0148] In the formula, L0 is the initial cold length of the shaped billet, in meters (m). When the value of L0 is not provided, and only the initial weight G (kg) of the finished H-beam is given, the hot length (m) of the finished H-beam is:

[0149]

[0150] In the formula, A N ρ is the cold cross-sectional area of ​​the finished product; ρ is the density of the steel grade, in g / cm³. 3At this point, the length L of the rolled piece before each rolling pass can be calculated back from the hot length of the finished H-beam. n-1 :

[0151] L n-1 =(1-μ n )L n

[0152] 3. Calculations related to rolling speed and rolling time:

[0153] The entire rolling process is a reciprocating rolling process from UR to E, to UF, and then from UF to E and back to UR. During this process, the universal rolling mill operates in multiple states, including acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration. The edge rolling mill E follows the speed of the previous universal rolling mill. To calculate the temperature and force parameters of the rolled piece, it is necessary to first calculate the rolling speed, rolling time, and corresponding travel distance of the rolled piece under different operating states of the universal rolling mill. The specific parameter calculations are as follows:

[0154] (1) The rolling speed v of the universal mill that first bites into the workpiece in the nth pass. 0(n) The unit is m / s:

[0155]

[0156] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes (in one rolling cycle, odd-numbered passes are the universal passes where the workpiece is bitten in first, and even-numbered passes are the universal passes where the workpiece is bitten in later); i is the speed coefficient, usually taken as a number in the range of 0.25 to 1; V b(n) The base speed of the motor of the universal rolling mill that first bites into the workpiece is rpm.

[0157] A workpiece that has been bitten by an odd-numbered universal mill maintains a constant speed of υ until it enters the next universal mill. 0(n) Therefore, the rolling time of the workpiece during this period is t. 0(n) The unit is s:

[0158]

[0159] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; E is the distance between the universal roughing mill UR and the universal finishing mill UF, in meters.

[0160] (2) The rolling speed (biting speed) v when the universal mill that bites into the workpiece in the (n+1)th pass establishes a continuous rolling relationship with the universal mill in the nth pass. 0(n+1) m / s:

[0161]

[0162] In the formula, n is only an odd number; μ n+1 The cross-sectional shrinkage rate of the workpiece during the (n+1)th universal rolling pass.

[0163] t of the (n+1)th even-numbered course 0(n) The value is always 0s.

[0164] (3) After the two universal rolling mills establish a continuous rolling relationship, the motor speed of the nth odd-numbered universal stand immediately accelerates to iV. b(n) The average velocity υ at that time 1(n) (Unit: m / s) is:

[0165]

[0166] The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 1(n) (Unit: m) is:

[0167] E 1(n) =υ 1(n) t 1(n)

[0168] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; t 1(n) The usual value is 0.5s.

[0169] (4) After establishing the continuous rolling relationship, the average acceleration speed υ of the universal stand corresponding to the motor acceleration of the nth odd-numbered pass is... 1(n+1) (Unit: m / s):

[0170]

[0171] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; μ n+1 The reduction in cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece during the (n+1)th pass of universal rolling. The acceleration time t of the universal stand during the (n+1)th pass. 1(n+1) (Unit: seconds):

[0172]

[0173] The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 1(n+1) (Unit: m) is:

[0174] E 1(n+1) =υ 1(n+1) t 1(n+1)

[0175] (5) After the two universal rolling mills establish a continuous rolling relationship, the motor speed of the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal mill further increases from V b(n) Average speed υ when accelerating to maximum operating speed 2(n) (Unit: m / s) is:

[0176]

[0177] In the formula, Vm(n) The maximum operating speed of the universal stand motor in the nth odd-numbered pass is rpm. The running time t of the rolled piece during this period is... 2(n) Running distance E 2(n) (Unit: m) are respectively:

[0178]

[0179] E 2(n) =υ 2(n) t 2(n)

[0180] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes.

[0181] (6) Corresponding to the further acceleration of the universal stand motor in the nth odd-numbered pass, the average speed υ of the universal stand acceleration in the (n+1)th pass establishing the continuous rolling relationship is . 2(n+1) (Unit: m / s):

[0182]

[0183] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; μ n+1 The reduction in cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece during the (n+1)th pass of universal rolling. The acceleration time t of the continuous rolling mill stand. 2(n+1) (Unit: seconds) is:

[0184]

[0185] The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 2(n+1) (Unit: m) is:

[0186] E 2(n+1) =υ 2(n+1) t 2(n+1)

[0187] (7) After the two universal rolling mills establish a continuous rolling relationship, the maximum stable rolling speed v of the nth odd-numbered universal mill stand. 3(n) (Unit: m / s) is:

[0188]

[0189] In the formula, V m(n) The maximum operating speed of the motor on the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal mill is rpm. The travel distance E of the rolled piece during this period is... 3(n) Running time t 3(n) (Unit: seconds) are as follows:

[0190] E 3(n) =L n -EE 1(n) -E 2(n)

[0191]

[0192] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes.

[0193] (8) The maximum stable rolling speed v of the nth odd-numbered universal stand 3(n) Correspondingly, the maximum stable rolling speed υ of the (n+1)th pass of the universal mill that establishes the continuous rolling relationship is... 3(n+1) (Unit: m / s):

[0194]

[0195] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; μ n+1 The reduction in cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece during the (n+1)th pass of universal rolling. The travel distance E of the workpiece during stable rolling on this continuous rolling mill stand. 3(n+1) (Unit: m), running time t 3(n+1) (Unit: seconds) are as follows:

[0196] E 3(n+1) =L n+1 -E 1(n+1) -E 2(n+1) -E 4(n+1) -E 5(n+1)

[0197]

[0198] (9) When the nth odd-numbered universal stand throws steel at the maximum stable rolling speed, it is no longer necessary to consider the average deceleration speed v of the stand under no-load conditions. 4(n) Deceleration time t 4(n) Therefore, the υ of the nth odd-numbered universal rack 4(n) t 4(n) and the rolling mill running distance E 4(n) All values ​​are set to 0.

[0199] (10) After the nth odd-numbered universal mill stand throws out the steel at the maximum stable rolling speed, the motor of the (n+1)th universal mill will start from the corresponding maximum stable speed V. m(n+1) Reduced to base velocity V b(n+1) The corresponding average rolling speed υ 4(n+1) Deceleration time t 4(n+1) Running distance E 4(n+1) Both are related to the υ corresponding to acceleration. 2(n+1) t 2(n+1) E 2(n+1) equal.

[0200] (11) When the universal rolling mill motor of the (n+1)th pass starts from the corresponding maximum stable speed V m(n+1) Reduced to base velocity Vb(n+1) Then, it further decreased to iV b(n+1) At that time, the average velocity v during the deceleration process 5(n+1) (Unit: m / s):

[0201]

[0202] The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 5(n) for:

[0203] E 5(n+1) =υ 5(n+1) t 5(n+1)

[0204] In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; t 5(n+1) The usual value is 0.5s.

[0205] (12) The average rolling speed υ of the nth pass of the universal rolling mill that first bites into the workpiece 6(n) (Unit: m / s):

[0206]

[0207] (13) The average rolling speed υ of the (n+1)th pass universal rolling mill that establishes a continuous rolling relationship with the nth pass universal rolling mill. 6(n+1) (Unit: m / s):

[0208]

[0209] (14) The bite time j of the nth pass of the universal mill that bites into the workpiece is generally taken as 0.1 to 0.5 s.

[0210] (15) In universal rolling, multiple rolling cycles are often required to obtain the desired finished product dimensions and microstructure. The interval time Δt between two rolling cycles is... n The value ranges from 2 to 15 seconds.

[0211] (16) In a rolling cycle, the end of the workpiece closest to the universal mill that first bites into the workpiece is considered the "front," and the other end is considered the "rear." The heat dissipation time t of the front portion of the workpiece before the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal mill bites into the workpiece is... rh(n) (Unit: seconds):

[0212] t rh(n) =j+Δt n

[0213] But when n=1, t rh(1) It is 0.

[0214] (17) In a rolling cycle, when the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill has already bitten the workpiece, while the (n+1)th even-numbered pass has not yet bitten the workpiece to establish a continuous rolling relationship, the heat radiation dissipation time t at the front of the workpiece is... rh(n) (Unit: seconds):

[0215] t rh(n+1) =t 0(n)

[0216] (18) In a rolling cycle, the heat dissipation time t of the rear part of the workpiece after the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill bites the workpiece first. rt(n) (Unit: seconds):

[0217]

[0218] When n=1, the heat dissipation time t at the rear of the rolled piece is... rt(1) :

[0219]

[0220] (19) In one rolling cycle, after the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill throws the steel into the workpiece, and before the rear part of the workpiece enters the (n+1)th even-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill, the heat radiation dissipation time t of the rear part of the workpiece is... rt(n+1) (Unit: seconds):

[0221] 1) When EE 4(n+1) -E 5(n+1) When >0, then there is

[0222]

[0223] 2) When EE 4(n+1) -E 5(n+1) When ≤0, then we have

[0224] t rt(n+1) =t 4(n+1) +t 5(n+1)

[0225] 3) When n = N-1,

[0226]

[0227] (20) The universal rolling process includes multiple rolling cycles, with the cycle number ψ. The maximum value of ψ is (N / 2). In the first rolling cycle with a cycle number ψ of 1, the "front" of the workpiece is considered the "head" and the "rear" is considered the "tail". When the cycle number ψ is odd, the "front" and "rear" of each rolling pass always correspond to the actual "head" and "tail" of the workpiece. Therefore, when the cycle number ψ is odd, the radiative heat dissipation time of the "front" and "rear" of the workpiece is the same as the radiative heat dissipation time (in seconds) of the corresponding "head" and "tail" of the workpiece, i.e.:

[0228] t hr(n) =t rh(n)

[0229] t tr(n) =t rt(n)

[0230] In the formula, t hr(n) t tr(n) These represent the heat radiation dissipation time of the head and tail of the workpiece before and after biting into the workpiece in the nth universal rolling pass when the rolling cycle number ψ is odd; t rh(n) t rt(n) These represent the heat radiation dissipation time of the front and rear parts of the workpiece before and after the bite-in of the workpiece in the nth universal rolling pass when the rolling cycle number ψ is odd.

[0231] When the rolling cycle number ψ is an even number, the radiative heat dissipation time of the "front" and "rear" parts of the rolled piece is the same as the radiative heat dissipation time of the "tail" and "head" parts of the rolled piece (in seconds), respectively.

[0232] t hr(n) =t rt(n)

[0233] t tr(n) =t rh(n)

[0234] In the formula, t hr(n) t tr(n) t represents the heat radiation dissipation time of the head and tail of the workpiece before and after biting into the workpiece in the nth pass of universal rolling, respectively, when the rolling cycle number ψ is an even-odd number; rh(n) t rt(n) These represent the heat radiation dissipation time of the front and rear parts of the workpiece before and after biting into the workpiece during the nth universal rolling pass when the rolling cycle number ψ is an even number.

[0235] 4. Calculation of correction coefficient for rolling force of edge rolling mill

[0236] The working roll diameter (D) of each rolling pass of the edging mill Ek(n)The size of ) is calculated using the following formula:

[0237] D Ek(n) =D E -2L fE(N-1)

[0238] In the formula, D E The nominal diameter of the edge rolling machine is in mm.

[0239] During the nth odd-numbered pass of the edging mill, the contact arc length (l) of the flange deformation zone of the rolled piece fE(n) (Unit: mm), calculated using the following formula:

[0240]

[0241] The shape factor Z of the flange deformation zone of the rolled piece during the nth odd-numbered pass of the edging mill. fE(n) for:

[0242]

[0243] In the formula, W fE(n) w fE(n) These represent the flange widths of the rolled piece before and after rolling by the edging mill, in mm; w f(n) The flange width of the workpiece after the nth odd-numbered universal rolling pass is expressed in mm.

[0244] When the flange is rolled in the nth odd-numbered pass of the edging mill, the rolling force correction factor ξ fE(n) for:

[0245]

[0246] Since the even-numbered nth pass of the edge rolling mill does not perform rolling, the rolling force correction factor ξ is used. fE(n) It is always zero in numerical terms.

[0247] 5. Calculation of workpiece temperature change during rolling process

[0248] Before universal rolling begins, this invention assumes that the temperature of the rolled piece is uniform along its length, with no temperature difference between the head and tail. After universal rolling begins, the temperature difference between the head and tail of the rolled piece gradually increases due to radiative heat loss, deformation temperature rise, and heat conduction during the rolling process. This head-to-tail temperature difference affects the temperature-related physical and chemical properties of the rolled piece, thus influencing the difference in deformation resistance between the head and tail, and conversely affecting the evolution of the head-to-tail temperature difference. Furthermore, due to the irregular cross-section of H-beams, the heat dissipation and deformation temperature rise of the flanges and web differ, leading to temperature differences between the flanges and web in each universal rolling pass. Therefore, the force and energy verification calculation process of the edge rolling mill should take into account the head-to-tail rolling force and energy conditions of the flanges and web of the rolled piece.

[0249] (1) Calculation of physical property parameters of rolled steel grade - specific heat capacity (unit: J / (kg·℃)):

[0250] After the (n-1)th universal rolling pass and before the nth universal rolling pass bites in, the specific heat capacities of the head flange and tail flange of the rolled piece are respectively:

[0251] S cfh(n) =454.5392+0.32707(T) Ufh(n-1) +273)

[0252] S cft(n) =454.5392+0.32707(T) Uft(n-1) +273)

[0253] In the formula, T Ufh(n-1) T Uft(n-1) The temperatures of the head flange and tail flange of the rolled piece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass are respectively, in °C.

[0254] (2) Physical properties of hot-rolled steel grades – density (unit: kg / mm³) 3 ):

[0255] After the (n-1)th universal rolling pass and before the nth universal rolling pass, the densities of the head flange and tail flange of the rolled piece are respectively:

[0256] ρ fh(n) =8.03316×10 -6 -4.8333×10 -10 (T Ufh(n-1) +273)

[0257] ρ ft(n) =8.03316×10 -6 -4.8333×10 -10 (T Uft(n-1) +273)

[0258] (3) Calculation of temperature drop due to radiative heat dissipation of the rolled piece (in °C):

[0259] The differential relationships between the radiative heat loss temperature drop and the radiative heat loss time of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass and before the nth universal rolling pass are as follows:

[0260]

[0261]

[0262] In the formula, B r Let be the emissivity of the blackbody, with a value of 5.669 × 10⁻⁶. -6 W / (mm 2 ·K4 );ε r The relative emissivity of the rolled surface is typically taken as 0.4 to 0.85; A (n-1) The cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass, in mm. 2 ;T a(n) The ambient temperature; T Ufh(n-1) T Uft(n-1) These are the flange head and tail temperatures of the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass (in °C).

[0263] Before the nth pass of universal rolling, the temperature drop caused by thermal radiation from the head and tail of the workpiece is the integral of the differential equation of radiative heat dissipation over the corresponding radiation time. Therefore, before the nth pass of universal rolling, the radiative temperature drop of the head flange and the radiative temperature drop of the tail flange of the workpiece are calculated by the following formulas (in °C):

[0264]

[0265]

[0266] The head and tail temperatures T of the flange of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass Ufh(n) T Uft(n) Calculate using the following formulas (unit: °C):

[0267] T Ufh(n) =T sfh(n) +ΔT dfh(n) -ΔT cfh(n)

[0268] T sfh(n) =T Ufh(n-1) -ΔT hrf(n)

[0269] T Uft(n) =T sft(n) +ΔT dft(n) -ΔT cft(n)

[0270] T sft(n) =T Uft(n-1) -ΔT trf(n)

[0271] In the formula, ΔT dfh(n) ΔT dft(n) ΔT cfh(n) ΔT cft(n) These represent the temperature rise and heat conduction-induced temperature drop at the beginning and end of the flange during the nth universal rolling pass, respectively, both in °C.

[0272] (4) Temperature rise during universal rolling deformation of the workpiece:

[0273] The equivalent strain of the flange during the nth universal rolling pass is as follows:

[0274]

[0275] 1) Deformation resistance K of each pass f(n) Calculation of value (unit: MPa):

[0276]

[0277] In the formula, C%, Mn%, and Cr% are the mass fractions of the main alloying elements in the rolled material.

[0278] 2) Viscosity coefficient η for each pass f(n) Calculation:

[0279] η f(n) =0.1(14-0.01T) sf(n) )

[0280] In the formula, T sf(n) T represents the temperature (°C) of the workpiece flange before bite-in during the nth pass of universal rolling. When calculating the deformation temperature rise of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece, T is... sf(n) Take T respectively sfh(n) and T sft(n) The corresponding deformation resistance K f(n) Take K respectively fh(n) and K ft(n) .

[0281] 3) Average deformation rate of each pass The calculation does not use the method in the Eikronde formula, but uses the following formula (unit: s). -1 ):

[0282]

[0283] In the formula, l′ f(n) To account for the length of the flange deformation zone when both flanges are rolled down simultaneously, the following formula is used for calculation:

[0284]

[0285] During the nth pass of universal rolling, the deformation temperature rise (in °C) of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece are as follows:

[0286]

[0287]

[0288] In the formula, the parameter g 1f(n) Calculate using the following formula:

[0289]

[0290]

[0291]

[0292]

[0293]

[0294]

[0295] (3) Temperature drop caused by heat conduction from the flanges of the workpiece and the rolls during universal rolling:

[0296] During the nth pass of universal rolling, the heat transfer temperature drops between the head flange, tail flange, and the vertical roll of the universal rolling mill are as follows:

[0297]

[0298]

[0299] In the formula, λ is the thermal conductivity of the rolled workpiece, with units of J / (mm·s·℃); T R The temperature of the universal rolling mill rolls (can be taken as 40-100℃).

[0300] 6. Calculation of force and energy parameters during edging mill rolling:

[0301] (1) Calculation of rolling force of edge rolling mill

[0302] The equivalent deformation of the flange during the nth pass of the edge rolling mill:

[0303]

[0304]

[0305] 1) Deformation resistance K of each pass f(n) Calculation of value (unit: MPa):

[0306]

[0307] In the formula, C%, Mn%, and Cr% are the mass fractions of the main alloying elements in the rolled material; T Uf(n) The flange temperature of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass is given.

[0308] 2) Viscosity coefficient η for each pass f(n) Calculation:

[0309] η f(n) =0.1(14-0.01T) Uf(n) )

[0310] In the formula, T Uf(n) Let T be the flange temperature (°C) of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass. When calculating the deformation temperature rise of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece, T is... Uf(n) Take T respectively Ufh(n) and T Uft(n) The corresponding deformation resistance K E(n) Take K respectively Eh(n) and K Et(n) .

[0311] 3) Average deformation rate of each pass The calculation does not use the method in the Eikronde formula, but uses the following formula (unit: s). -1 ):

[0312]

[0313] During the rolling of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece, the total rolling force (in kN) of the edge rolling mill is as follows:

[0314]

[0315]

[0316] (2) Calculation of rolling power and torque of the edging mill

[0317] 1) When T f(n) / W fE(n) <0.8 and Z fE(n) When <0.6, the rolling power of the edge rolling mill when rolling the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece sequentially are respectively (in kW):

[0318]

[0319]

[0320] In the formula, υ 3(n) Let be the entry speed of the workpiece in the nth pass of the edging mill, which is also the maximum stable rolling speed during the nth pass of universal rolling. Correspondingly, the rolling torque of the edging mill is (in kN·m):

[0321]

[0322]

[0323] 2) When T is not satisfied f(n) / W fE(n) <0.8 and Z fE(n) When the value is less than 0.6, the rolling power and rolling torque of the edging mill are calculated as follows:

[0324]

[0325]

[0326]

[0327]

[0328]

[0329]

[0330] g 2fE(n) =a fE(n) c fE(n) (0.5-e fE(n) )

[0331] During the rolling mill's sequential rolling of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece, the basic rolling forces (in tons) for each flange are as follows:

[0332] p Eh(n) =T f(n) l fE(n) K Eh(n) g 1fE(n) / 9810

[0333] p Et(n) =T f(n) l fE(n) K Et(n) g 1fE(n) / 9810

[0334] When the edge rolling mill rolls the head flange and tail flange of a workpiece, the correction values ​​for the work roll diameter are respectively expressed by the following formulas (unit: mm):

[0335]

[0336]

[0337] The correction values ​​for the deformation zone length of the head flange and tail flange when the edge rolling mill rolls the workpiece are respectively expressed by the following formulas (unit: mm):

[0338]

[0339]

[0340] During the nth pass of the edge rolling mill, when the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece are rolled sequentially, the total rolling force (in kN) is as follows:

[0341]

[0342]

[0343] Rolling torque (in kN·m) when rolling the head and tail flanges of a workpiece using a sizing mill:

[0344] M fEh(n) =2D′ Ekh T f(n) K Eh(n) Δw fE(n) g 2fE(n) ×10 -6

[0345] M fEt(n) =2D′ Ekt T f(n) K Et(n) Δw fE(n) g 2fE(n) ×10 -6

[0346] (3) Calculation of total transmission torque and transmission power of the edging machine

[0347] Frictional torque of the edging machine (unit: kN·m):

[0348]

[0349] The total transmission torque (in kN·m) when the edge rolling mill rolls the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece are as follows:

[0350] M DEh(n) =M fEh(n) +M FE(n) +M E0

[0351] M DEt(n) =M fEt(n) +M fE(n) +M E0

[0352] In the formula, M E0 The idling torque of the edge rolling mill is expressed in kN·m.

[0353] Total power of the edging machine (in kW):

[0354]

[0355] In the formula, η is the transmission efficiency, which can be a decimal in the range of 0.8 to 1.

[0356] II. Calculation of logical relationships

[0357] Based on the parameter algorithm in Section 1, and using the known basic data of the intermediate billet and finished H-beam after billet preparation, the relevant basic parameters of the universal rolling mill, and the rolling schedule, the calculation is performed according to the following steps:

[0358] Step 1: Calculate the pre-roll and post-roll flange widths W for each pass of the universal rolling process according to the algorithm relationship in Section 1, Subsection 1. f(n) w f(n) and the flange width w after the edging machine fE(n-1) During the calculation, the bite-in front flange temperature T in each rolling pass is... sf(n) The initial values ​​are all uniformly assigned to the initial rolling temperature T of the intermediate billet after the initial rolling. Uf(0) Or the final rolling temperature T of the finished H-beam. Uf(N) .

[0359] Step 2: Using the calculation results from Step 1, and following the algorithmic relationship in Section 2 of Section 1, calculate the web height H of the workpiece for each pass of universal rolling. w(n) Web groove height H ch(n) Cross-sectional area A n Length L of the rolled piece n and the reduction of area μ n .

[0360] Step 3: Utilize the reduction of area μ from Step 2 n Based on the acceleration and deceleration rolling relationship of the universal rolling mill and the continuous rolling relationship between the universal roughing mill and the universal finishing mill, and according to the algorithm relationship in Section 3 of the first section, the average rolling speed of the universal rolling mill for each rolling pass and the heat radiation dissipation time of the head and tail of the rolled piece are calculated.

[0361] Step 4: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3, and following the algorithmic relationship in Section 4 of Section 1, calculate the correction coefficient ξ for the flange rolling force of each rolling pass of the edging mill. fE(n) .

[0362] Step 5: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3, and following the algorithmic relationships in Section 5 of Section 1, calculate the radiative heat loss temperature drop (ΔT) of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece in each universal rolling pass. hrf(n) ΔT trf(n) ), deformation temperature rise (ΔT) dfh(n) ΔT dft(n) ) and thermal conduction temperature drop (ΔT) cfh(n) ΔT cft(n) This allows for the acquisition of the head and tail flanges (T) of the rolled piece after each universal rolling pass. Ufh(n) T Uft(n) ).

[0363] Step 6: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3 and Step 5, calculate the deformation resistance and basic rolling force of the head and tail flanges of each pass of the edge rolling mill according to the algorithm in Section 6 of Section 1.

[0364] Step 7: Using the temperature calculation results from Step 5, repeat Step 1 and Step 2 according to the algorithmic relationship in Section 1 and Section 2 of Section 1, and update the target parameter values ​​in Step 1 and Step 2 through iterative calculation.

[0365] Step 8: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 7, calculate the post-rolling temperature, final rolling force, rolling torque, friction torque, and transmission power of the edge rolling mill for each pass of the rolled piece according to the algorithms in Sections 4, 5, and 6 of Section 1.

[0366] Step 9: Organize and output the results.

[0367] Example 1

[0368] Taking the production of H-beams of H150×150×7×10 using the XH process as an example, the main motor power of the rolling mill is 2500kW. Other known data are shown in Tables 1.1 to 1.3. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the web height correction value y is taken as 0.38mm; the distance between the universal roughing mill UR and the universal finishing mill UF is 9m, and the edging mill E is located between UR and UF; the speed coefficient i of the universal roughing mill and finishing mill is uniformly taken as 0.5; the interval time Δt between two rolling cycles is... n Take 5s; take the temperature of each roll as 50℃; take the transmission efficiency η as 0.95.

[0369] Table 1.1 Relevant parameters of the rolling mill

[0370]

[0371] Table 1.2 Relevant parameters of rolled products

[0372]

[0373] Table 1.3 Relevant parameters of rolling process

[0374]

[0375] The relevant parameter results of the calculation process are listed in Tables 2.1 to 2.7:

[0376] Table 2.1 Calculation results related to flange width for each rolling pass

[0377]

[0378] Table 2.2 Calculation results of cross-sectional area of ​​rolled piece for each rolling pass

[0379] semi-finished billet 232.5 129 15 15 25.4 16705.5 30.2 27.3％ 1 UR 186.5 129.815 6 11 20.3 12142.3 41.6 27.3％ 2 UF 179.5 132.815 0.25 11 25.7 9761.2 51.7 19.6％ 3 UF 170.3 132.815 0.25 11 25.7 7968.0 63.4 18.4％ 4 UR 158.5 129.815 6 11 20.3 5924.8 85.2 25.6％ 5 UR 152.5 129.815 6 11 20.3 4743.8 106.5 19.9％ 6 UF 153.0 132.815 0.25 11 25.7 4102.1 123.1 13.5％

[0380] Table 2.3-1 Calculation results of rolling speed under different operating conditions of the universal rolling mill for each pass

[0381]

[0382]

[0383]

[0384]

[0385] Example 2

[0386] Taking the production of H-beams of H900×300×15×23 using the XH process as an example, the main motor power of the rolling mill is 2500kW. Other known data are shown in Tables 1.1 to 1.3. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the web height correction value y is taken as 0.38mm; the distance between the universal roughing mill UR and the universal finishing mill UF is 9m, and the edging mill E is located between UR and UF; the speed coefficient i of the universal roughing mill and finishing mill is uniformly taken as 0.5; the interval time Δt between two rolling cycles is... n Take 5 seconds; take the temperature of each roll as 80℃; take the transmission efficiency η as 0.95.

[0387] Table 1.1 Relevant parameters of the rolling mill

[0388]

[0389] Table 1.2 Relevant parameters of rolled products

[0390]

[0391] Table 1.3 Relevant parameters of rolling process

[0392]

[0393]

[0394] The relevant parameter results of the calculation process are listed in Tables 2.1 to 2.7:

[0395] Table 2.1 Calculation results related to flange width for each rolling pass

[0396]

[0397] Table 2.2 Calculation results of cross-sectional area of ​​rolled piece for each rolling pass

[0398] semi-finished billet 1083.6 832.0 12.0 30 116.0 105647.0 19.1 6.8％ 1 UR 1049.8 851.0 6.0 18 54.2 98411.7 20.5 6.8％ 2 UF 1036.6 854.0 0.3 18 68.8 90647.8 22.3 7.9％ 3 UF 1016.6 854.0 0.3 18 68.8 82151.1 24.6 9.4％ 4 UR 990.2 851.0 6.0 18 54.2 72427.9 27.9 11.8％ 5 UR 972.0 851.0 6.0 18 54.2 64204.3 31.5 11.4％ 6 UF 961.8 854.0 0.3 18 68.8 56220.9 36.0 12.4％ 7 UF 949.0 854.0 0.3 18 68.8 50434.4 40.1 10.3％ 8 UR 933.5 851.0 6.0 18 54.2 44646.1 45.3 11.5％ 9 UR 924.4 851.0 6.0 18 54.2 40508.3 49.9 9.3％ 10 UF 921.2 854.0 0.3 18 68.8 36701.5 55.1 9.4％ 11 UF 914.6 854.0 0.3 18 68.8 33694.3 60.0 8.2％ 12 UR 904.9 851.0 6.0 18 54.2 30847.5 65.5 8.4％ 13 UR 900.3 851.0 6.0 18 54.2 28792.8 70.2 6.7％ 14 UF 900.4 854.0 0.3 18 68.8 27243.2 74.2 5.4％

[0399] Table 2.3-1 Calculation results of rolling speed under different operating conditions of the universal rolling mill for each pass

[0400]

[0401]

[0402] Table 2.4 Calculation results of correction factors for flange and web rolling forces and rolling moments of rolled pieces in each pass of the edge rolling mill.

[0403]

[0404] Table 2.5-1 Calculation results of relevant rolling parameters for the head flange of the workpiece in each pass of universal rolling.

[0405] ℃ m / s ℃ ℃ ℃ <![CDATA[s -1 ]]> 1 UR 1070.9 2.82 2.12 1.58 14.8 0.131 2 UF 1067.6 3.2 1.77 2.48 3.69 0.16 3 UF 1065.2 2.8 2.51 2.61 2.41 0.157 4 UR 1061.4 3.21 2.02 3.25 4.41 0.174 5 UR 1037 3.01 2.65 2.65 24.4 0.144 6 UF 1032.6 3.41 2.12 3.34 4.99 0.155 7 UF 1029.4 3.17 2.72 2.86 3.26 0.133 8 UR 1024 3.5 2.27 3.23 5.91 0.138 9 UR 985.95 3.39 2.78 2.77 38.1 0.119 10 UF 980.09 3.71 2.22 3.02 6.25 0.117 11 UF 976.05 3.56 2.65 2.57 4 0.101 12 UR 969.22 3.77 2.22 2.75 7.1 0.108 13 UR 1006.3 6.35 7.01 15.6 73.7 0.27 14 UF 999.84 7.37 4.58 6.76 7.51 0.2

[0406] Table 2.5-2 Calculation results of relevant rolling parameters for the tail flange of the workpiece in each pass of universal rolling.

[0407]

[0408]

[0409] Table 2.6 Iterative update results of flange width related calculations for each rolling pass.

[0410]

[0411] Table 2.7 Updated results of correction coefficients for flange rolling force in each rolling pass of the edging mill after temperature iteration calculation.

[0412]

[0413] Table 2.8 Final Results of Force Energy Calculation for Each Rolling Pass

[0414]

[0415] It is evident that during the rolling process of H900×300×15×23 H-beams, the flange width expansion after the first universal rolling pass is very small, so the flange is not pressed down in the subsequent edge rolling process; moreover, the transmission power of the edge rolling mill is very small, and the power capacity of the existing main motor fully meets the production needs, and the force verification results of the rolling process are reasonable.

[0416] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Many other changes and modifications made without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0417] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0418] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for verifying and calculating the rolling force energy of a rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams, characterized in that: This includes utilizing known basic data on intermediate billets and finished H-beams after billet preparation, basic parameters of the universal rolling mill, and rolling procedures; The calculations include the calculation of basic parameters for the flange rolling process, the calculation of the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the rolled piece, the calculation of rolling speed and rolling time, the calculation of the correction coefficient for the rolling force of the edge rolling mill, the calculation of the temperature change of the rolled piece during the rolling process, and the calculation formula for the force energy parameters during edge rolling. The calculations are performed according to the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the pre- and post-rolling flange widths for each pass of the universal rolling process based on the algorithmic relationships used to calculate the basic parameters of the flange rolling process. , and the flange width after rolling by the edging machine During calculation, the bite-in front flange temperature of each rolling pass is... The initial values ​​are all uniformly assigned the initial rolling temperature of the intermediate billet after the initial rolling. Or the final rolling temperature of the finished H-beam. ; Step 2: Using the calculation results from Step 1, calculate the web height of the workpiece for each pass of the universal rolling process, according to the algorithmic relationship for calculating the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the workpiece. Web groove height Cross-sectional area Length of rolled piece and reduction of area ; Step 3: Utilize the reduction of area from Step 2 Based on the acceleration and deceleration rolling relationship of the universal rolling mill and the continuous rolling relationship between the universal roughing mill and the universal finishing mill, and according to the calculation algorithm relationship of rolling speed and rolling time, the average rolling speed of the universal rolling mill for each rolling pass and the heat radiation dissipation time of the head and tail of the rolled piece are calculated. Step 4: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3, calculate the correction factor ξ for the flange rolling force of each rolling pass of the edging mill according to the algorithm relationship for calculating the correction factor of the edging mill rolling force. fE(n) ; Step 5: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 3, and according to the algorithmic relationship for calculating the temperature change of the rolled piece during the rolling process, calculate the radiative heat dissipation temperature drop of the head and tail flanges of the rolled piece in each universal rolling pass. , Deformation temperature rise , and heat conduction temperature drop , This allows us to obtain the temperatures of the head and tail flanges of the rolled piece after each universal rolling pass. , ; Step 6: Using the calculation results of Steps 1 to 3 and Step 5, calculate the deformation resistance and basic rolling force data of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece in each pass of the edging mill according to the algorithm for calculating the force energy parameters during edging mill rolling. Step 7: Using the temperature calculation results from Step 5, repeat Step 1 and Step 2 according to the algorithmic relationship between the calculation of basic parameters of the flange rolling process and the calculation of the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the rolled piece, and update the target parameter values ​​in Step 1 and Step 2 through iterative calculation. Step 8: Using the calculation results from Steps 1 to 7, calculate the post-rolling temperature, final rolling force, rolling torque, friction torque, and transmission power data of the front and rear flanges of the workpiece in each pass of the edging mill, according to the calculation algorithms of the correction coefficient of the rolling force of the edging mill, the temperature change of the workpiece during the rolling process, and the force energy parameters during the rolling of the edging mill. Step 9: Organize and output the results.

2. The method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of a rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of basic parameters for the flange rolling process includes the following steps: First, based on the basic dimensional parameters of the billet and finished product, as well as the flange thickness of each pass, the flange width after each pass and the flange width after edge rolling are calculated. The calculated parameters will then serve as the basic data for subsequent calculations of rolling force and energy. (1) Utilizing the flange thickness T before and after rolling f Calculate the reduction in flange thickness during the nth universal rolling pass. Unit: mm; Calculated using the following formula: In the formula, n is the rolling pass number, with a maximum value of N; where: 1) During the nth universal rolling pass, The flange thickness after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass. The flange thickness after the nth universal rolling pass; 2) When n=1, This represents the initial flange thickness of the intermediate billet after the initial blanking process. The flange thickness after rolling by a universal roughing mill; 3) When n=N, The flange thickness after the (N-1)th universal rolling pass. For the cold-state flange thickness of the finished H-beam after being rolled by a universal finishing mill, we have: In the formula, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, which is taken as 1.005~1.02; (2) Calculate the working roll diameter of the universal rolling mill: 1) Working roll diameter of vertical roller The size is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, The nominal diameter of the vertical roll of the universal rolling mill is in mm; 2) Working roller diameter of the horizontal roller The size is calculated using the following formula: The calculation for the Nth pass of universal rolling is as follows: In the formula, The nominal diameter of the horizontal roll of the universal rolling mill, in mm; , These are the flange width and web thickness of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass, respectively; α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, ranging from 1.005 to 1.

02. (3) The linear velocity of the vertical rolls of the universal rolling mill during the nth universal rolling pass. The unit is m / s, and the calculation formula is: In the formula, The stable rotational speed of the universal mill rolls during the nth pass of stable rolling, in rpm; (4) The influence coefficient m of external friction on the unit rolling pressure of the workpiece flange during the nth universal rolling pass. f(n) : In the formula, the friction coefficient f for each pass is... n Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, the coefficients This is a coefficient related to the material of the rolls; for steel rolls, it is 0.9~1, and for cast iron rolls, it is 0.

8. The temperature of the workpiece flange before bite-in in the nth universal rolling pass (°C) is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, T Uf(n-1) This refers to the flange temperature of the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass; when n is 1, This refers to the initial flange temperature of the intermediate billet after the initial billet is opened. The radiative heat loss of the leading flange during the nth universal rolling pass; l f(n) For the nth universal rolling pass, the contact arc length of the deformation zone on one side of the flange of the workpiece, in mm, is calculated using the following formula: (5) After the nth universal rolling pass, the flange width w of the rolled piece f(n) Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, W f(n) T is the flange width before the nth universal rolling pass, in mm; when n=1, T f(0) w is the initial flange thickness of the intermediate billet after billet preparation; w is only the initial flange thickness of the intermediate billet after billet preparation when n=N. f(N) Let W be the cold flange width of the finished H-beam after universal mill rolling. Then, the flange width W before the Nth universal rolling pass... f(N) Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, which is taken as 1.005~1.02; in addition, when the number of passes n is an even number, we have: In the formula, Let n be the flange width after the (n-1)th pass of the edge rolling mill; when the number of passes n is an odd number other than 1, we have: (6) After the nth pass of the edging mill, the flange leg length L fE(n) Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, The flange width after the nth pass of the edge rolling mill, in mm; The web thickness after the nth universal rolling pass is in mm. (7) In a rolling cycle, when the number of passes n is odd, the edging mill completes one rolling operation; when it is even, the edging mill does not actually perform any rolling. Therefore, when the number of passes n is an even number other than N, the difference is only numerical: When n=N , Let L be the cold-state flange width and cold-state web thickness of the finished H-beam after being rolled by a universal finishing mill. fE(N) Calculate using the following formula: 1) For courses with an odd number of attempts n and The number of passes, the flange width w after the nth pass of the edging mill. fE(n) for: 2) For courses with an odd number of attempts (n) When, the flange width w after the nth pass of the edging mill fE(n) for: (8) The amount of flange width reduction during the rolling process of the edge rolling mill The calculation formula is: In the formula, , Let be the flange widths before and after the nth pass of the edge rolling mill, respectively, in mm; since the flange width before edge rolling is the same as the flange width after universal rolling, we have: In the formula, w f(n) Let n be the flange width after the nth universal rolling pass, in mm. In a rolling cycle, when the number of passes n is even, the edge rolling mill does not roll. Therefore, numerically, the flange width reduction after the nth even-numbered pass of the edge rolling mill is always 0 mm. (9) The width expansion Δw of the flange of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass. f(n) Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, , Here, n and n are the flange width after universal rolling and the flange width before universal rolling, respectively, in mm; when n is N, the width expansion of the finished pass is calculated by the following formula: In the formula, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, taken as 1.005~1.02; W f(N) The flange width before the Nth universal rolling pass is in mm.

3. The method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of a rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the rolled piece includes the following steps: Based on the basic information of the rolled piece in each pass and the calculation results of the basic parameters of the flange rolling process, the cross-sectional area, perimeter and related parameters of the rolled piece in each pass are further calculated; the calculation results will be used in the subsequent calculation process of rolling time and rolled piece temperature. (1) Calculation of the cross-sectional area of ​​the intermediate billet after billet cutting If the web height of the intermediate billet Unknown, web groove height When the information is known, it can be calculated using the following formula. : In the formula, , , , These are the web groove height, flange width, web thickness, and flange thickness of the intermediate billet after billet preparation, respectively, in mm; θ0 and φ0 are the inner flange inclination angle and outer flange inclination angle, respectively, in °. Area of ​​the fillet radius of the web of an irregularly shaped billet The unit is mm. 2 : θ0 is the flange inclination angle of the irregular intermediate billet, and R0 is the web fillet radius of the irregular intermediate billet; Total cross-sectional area of ​​irregularly shaped billets The unit is mm. 2 : (2) Calculation of cross-sectional area of ​​workpiece in each pass of universal rolling In universal rolling, the web fillet radius R of each pass n The value can be selected according to the actual situation; the flange inclination angle θ of the universal roughing mill and the universal finishing mill. n The value is the flange inclination angle θ of the finishing mill. n It is much smaller than a universal roughing mill; 1) The area of ​​the web fillet after the nth universal rolling pass. The unit is mm. 2 : 2) The total cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece after the nth pass of universal rolling. The unit is mm. 2 : In the formula, , , , These are the web height, web thickness, flange thickness, and flange width of the rolled piece after the nth universal rolling pass, respectively. When n=N, the hot cross-sectional area of ​​the finished product pass is: In the formula, , , , All figures are cold-formed web height, web thickness, flange thickness, and flange width of H-beams rolled by a universal finishing mill, in mm. 2 ; 3) The height of the web groove in the finished hot state is, in mm: The web groove height for each pass of the universal finishing mill is given by the following values, in mm: The web groove height for each pass of the universal roughing mill is given in mm. In the formula, x represents the average web width expansion of 3 mm; 4) Except for the Nth pass, the web height of all other universal rolling passes, in mm, is as follows: In the formula, y is the web height correction value, in mm; (3) Calculation of the circumference of the rolled piece in each pass of universal rolling The circumference of the rolled piece is calculated using the following simplified formula, in mm: In the formula, , , , All of these are the web groove height, web thickness, flange width, and flange thickness of H-beams rolled by a universal rolling mill; (4) Calculation of the section shrinkage rate of the workpiece in each pass of universal rolling From the first pass to the nth pass, calculate the cross-sectional reduction rate for each pass sequentially. The cross-sectional reduction rate μ for the nth pass is... n The calculation formula is: In the formula, A n-1 A n These are the hot cross-sectional areas of the rolled piece after the (n-1)th and nth passes, respectively, in mm. 2 ; When n=1, A0 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the irregularly shaped blank; (5) Calculation of the length of the rolled piece after each pass of universal rolling Based on the section shrinkage rate μ of each pass n Calculate the length of the rolled piece after each pass, and the length L of the rolled piece after the nth pass. n The calculation formula, in meters: When n=1, the length L1 of the workpiece after the first pass is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, L0 is the initial cold length of the shaped billet, in meters; when the value of L0 is not provided, and only the initial weight G of the finished H-beam is given, in kilograms, the hot length of the finished H-beam, in meters, is: In the formula, A N ρ is the cold cross-sectional area of ​​the finished product; ρ is the density of the steel grade, in g / cm³. 3 At this point, the length L of the rolled piece before each rolling pass can be calculated back from the hot length of the finished H-beam. n-1 : 。 4. The method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of a rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the rolling speed and rolling time includes the following steps: The entire rolling process is a reciprocating rolling process from UR to E, to UF, and then from UF to E and back to UR. During the process, the universal rolling mill has multiple operating states, including acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration. The edge rolling mill E follows the speed of the previous universal rolling mill. To calculate the temperature and force parameters of the rolled piece, the rolling speed, rolling time, and corresponding travel distance of the rolled piece under different operating states of the universal rolling mill are first calculated. The specific parameters are calculated as follows: (1) The rolling speed υ of the universal mill that first bites into the workpiece in the nth pass. 0(n) The unit is m / s: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes. In one rolling cycle, odd-numbered passes are the universal passes where the workpiece is bitten in first, and even-numbered passes are the universal passes where the workpiece is bitten in later; i is the speed coefficient, which is a number in the range of 0.25 to 1; V b(n) The base speed of the motor of the universal rolling mill that first bites into the workpiece is rpm; A workpiece that has been bitten by an odd-numbered universal mill maintains a constant speed of υ until it enters the next universal mill. 0(n) Therefore, the rolling time of the workpiece during this period is t. 0(n) The unit is s: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; E is the distance between the universal roughing mill UR and the universal finishing mill UF, in meters; (2) The rolling speed υ when the universal mill that bites into the workpiece in the (n+1)th pass establishes a continuous rolling relationship with the universal mill in the nth pass. 0(n+1) m / s: In the formula, n is always an odd number; The cross-sectional shrinkage rate of the workpiece during the (n+1)th universal rolling pass; t of the (n+1)th even-numbered course 0(n) The time is always 0 seconds; (3) After the two universal rolling mills establish a continuous rolling relationship, the motor speed of the nth odd-numbered universal stand immediately accelerates to... average speed at time The unit is m / s, which is: The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 1(n) The unit is meters. In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; t 1(n) Take 0.5s; (4) After establishing the continuous rolling relationship, the average acceleration speed υ of the universal stand corresponding to the motor acceleration of the nth odd-numbered pass is (n+1) times the average acceleration speed of the universal stand. 1(n+1) The unit is m / s: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; The reduction of cross-section of the workpiece during the (n+1)th pass of universal rolling; the acceleration time t of the (n+1)th pass of the universal mill stand. 1(n+1) The unit is s: The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 1(n+1) The unit is meters. (5) After the two universal rolling mills establish a continuous rolling relationship, the motor speed of the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal mill stand is further reduced from... Average speed when accelerating to maximum operating speed The unit is m / s, which is: In the formula, V m(n) The maximum operating speed of the universal stand motor in the nth odd-numbered pass is rpm; the running time t of the rolled piece during this period is... 2(n) Running distance E 2(n) The unit is m, and they are respectively: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; (6) Corresponding to the further acceleration of the universal stand motor in the nth odd-numbered pass, the average speed υ of the universal stand acceleration in the (n+1)th pass that establishes the continuous rolling relationship is . 2(n+1) The unit is m / s: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; The shrinkage rate of the workpiece cross-section during the (n+1)th universal rolling pass; the acceleration time t of the continuous rolling mill stand. 2(n+1) The unit is s, and it is: The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 2(n+1) The unit is meters. (7) After the two universal rolling mills establish a continuous rolling relationship, the maximum stable rolling speed of the nth odd-numbered universal mill stand. The unit is m / s, which is: In the formula, V m(n) The maximum operating speed of the motor on the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal stand is rpm; the travel distance E of the rolled piece during this period is... 3(n) Running time t 3(n) The unit is s, and they are respectively: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; (8) The maximum stable rolling speed of the nth odd-numbered universal stand Correspondingly, the maximum stable rolling speed υ of the (n+1)th pass of the universal mill that establishes the continuous rolling relationship 3(n+1) The unit is m / s: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; The shrinkage rate of the workpiece cross section during the (n+1)th universal rolling pass; During the stable rolling process on this continuous rolling mill stand, the running distance E of the rolled piece 3(n+1) The unit is meters (m), and the running time is t. 3(n+1) The unit is s, and they are respectively: (9) When the nth odd-numbered universal stand throws steel at the maximum stable rolling speed, it is no longer necessary to consider the average deceleration speed of the stand under no-load conditions. Deceleration time t 4(n) Therefore, the nth odd-numbered lane universal rack t 4(n) and the rolling mill travel distance E 4(n) All are set to 0; (10) When the nth odd-numbered universal mill stand throws out the steel at the maximum stable rolling speed, the motor of the (n+1)th universal mill will then switch from the corresponding maximum stable speed. Reduced to base velocity The corresponding average rolling speed Deceleration time t 4(n+1) Running distance E 4(n+1) All are corresponding to acceleration t 2(n+1) E 2(n+1) equal; (11) When the universal rolling mill motor of the (n+1)th pass starts from the corresponding maximum stable speed Reduced to base velocity Then, it further decreased to At that time, the average speed during the deceleration process The unit is m / s: The running distance E of the rolled piece during this period 5(n) for: In the formula, n is only an odd number of passes; t 5(n+1) Take 0.5s; (12) The average rolling speed of the nth pass of the universal rolling mill that first bites into the workpiece The unit is m / s: (13) The average rolling speed of the (n+1)th pass of the universal rolling mill that establishes a continuous rolling relationship with the nth pass universal rolling mill. The unit is m / s: (14) The bite time j of the nth pass of the universal rolling mill that bites into the workpiece first is taken as 0.1~0.5s; (15) In universal rolling, multiple rolling cycles are often required to obtain the desired finished product dimensions and microstructure; the interval time Δt between two rolling cycles. n The value range is 2~15s; (16) In a rolling cycle, the end of the workpiece closest to the universal mill that first bites into the workpiece is considered the "front" and the other end is considered the "rear". The heat radiation dissipation time t of the front part of the workpiece before the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal mill bites into the workpiece is as follows: rh(n) The unit is s: + But when n=1, t rh(1) =0; (17) In a rolling cycle, when the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill has already bitten the workpiece, while the (n+1)th even-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill has not yet bitten the workpiece to establish a continuous rolling relationship, the heat radiation dissipation time t of the front part of the workpiece is... rh(n) The unit is s: (18) In a rolling cycle, after the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill bites the workpiece, the heat radiation dissipation time t of the rear part of the workpiece is... rt(n) The unit is s: When n=1, the heat dissipation time t at the rear of the rolled piece is... rt(1) : (19) In a rolling cycle, after the nth odd-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill throws the steel into the workpiece, and before the rear part of the workpiece enters the (n+1)th even-numbered pass of the universal rolling mill, the heat radiation dissipation time t of the rear part of the workpiece is... rt(n+1) The unit is s: 1) When At that time, there is 2) When At that time, there is 3) When n = N-1, (20) The universal rolling process includes multiple rolling cycles, and the number of the rolling cycle is ψ. The maximum value of ψ is N / 2. In the first rolling cycle with the rolling cycle number ψ being 1, the "front" of the workpiece is regarded as the "head" of the workpiece, and the "rear" is regarded as the "tail". When the rolling cycle number ψ is odd, the "front" and "rear" of each rolling pass are always consistent with the actual "head" and "tail" of the workpiece. Therefore, when the rolling cycle number ψ is odd, the radiation heat dissipation time of the "front" and "rear" of the workpiece is the radiation heat dissipation time of the corresponding "head" and "tail" of the workpiece, in seconds. In the formula, t hr(n) t tr(n) These represent the heat radiation dissipation time of the head and tail of the workpiece before and after biting into the workpiece in the nth universal rolling pass when the rolling cycle number ψ is odd; t rh(n) t rt(n) These represent the heat radiation dissipation time of the front and rear parts of the workpiece before and after biting into the workpiece during the nth universal rolling pass when the rolling cycle number ψ is an odd number. When the rolling cycle number ψ is an even number, the radiative heat dissipation time of the "front" and "rear" parts of the rolled piece is the same as the radiative heat dissipation time of the "tail" and "head" parts of the rolled piece, respectively, in seconds. In the formula, t hr(n) t tr(n) t represents the heat radiation dissipation time of the head and tail of the workpiece before and after biting into the workpiece in the nth pass of universal rolling, respectively, when the rolling cycle number ψ is an even-odd number; rh(n) t rt(n) These represent the heat radiation dissipation time of the front and rear parts of the workpiece before and after biting into the workpiece during the nth universal rolling pass when the rolling cycle number ψ is an even number.

5. The method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of a rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the correction factor for the rolling force of the edging mill includes the following steps: Work roll diameter of each rolling pass of the edging mill The size is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, The nominal diameter of the edge rolling mill is in mm; The contact arc length l of the flange deformation zone of the workpiece during the nth odd-numbered pass of the edging mill. fE (n) The unit is mm, and it is calculated using the following formula: The shape factor Z of the flange deformation zone of the rolled piece during the nth odd-numbered pass of the edging mill. fE(n) for: In the formula, , These are the flange widths of the rolled pieces before and after rolling by the edge rolling mill, in mm; The flange width of the workpiece after the nth odd-numbered universal rolling pass is expressed in mm. When the flange is rolled in the nth odd-numbered pass of the edging mill, the rolling force correction factor ξ fE(n) for: Since the even-numbered nth pass of the edge rolling mill does not perform rolling, the rolling force correction factor ξ is used. fE(n) It is always zero in numerical terms.

6. The method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of a sizing mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the temperature change of the rolled piece during the rolling process includes the following steps: Before universal rolling begins, the temperature of the workpiece is uniform along its length, with no temperature difference between the head and tail. After universal rolling begins, the temperature difference between the head and tail of the workpiece gradually increases due to radiative heat loss, deformation temperature rise, and heat conduction during the rolling process. This head-to-tail temperature difference affects the changes in the temperature-related physical and chemical properties of the workpiece, thereby affecting the difference in deformation resistance between the head and tail, and in turn, influencing the evolution of the head-to-tail temperature difference. Furthermore, due to the irregular cross-section of H-beams, there are differences in heat dissipation and deformation temperature rise between the flanges and the web, resulting in temperature differences between the flanges and the web in each universal rolling pass. Therefore, the force and energy verification calculation process of the edge rolling mill should take into account the head and tail rolling force and energy conditions of the workpiece flanges and web. (1) Calculation of the physical property parameters of the rolled steel grade—specific heat capacity, in J / (kg·℃): After the (n-1)th universal rolling pass and before the nth universal rolling pass bites in, the specific heat capacities of the head flange and tail flange of the rolled piece are respectively: In the formula, , The temperatures of the head flange and tail flange of the rolled piece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass are respectively, in °C. (2) Physical property parameters of hot-rolled steel grades—density, in kg / mm² 3 : After the (n-1)th universal rolling pass and before the nth universal rolling pass, the densities of the head flange and tail flange of the rolled piece are respectively: (3) Calculate the temperature drop caused by radiation of the rolled piece, in °C: The differential relationships between the radiative heat loss temperature drop and the radiative heat loss time of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass and before the nth universal rolling pass are as follows: In the formula, B r Let be the emissivity of the blackbody, with a value of 5.669 × 10⁻⁶. -6 W / (mm 2 ·K 4 );ε r The relative emissivity of the rolled surface is taken as 0.4~0.85; The cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass, in mm. 2 ; T a(n) The ambient temperature; T Ufh(n-1) T Uft(n-1) These are the flange head and tail temperatures of the workpiece after the (n-1)th universal rolling pass, in °C. Before the nth universal rolling pass, the temperature drop caused by thermal radiation from the head and tail of the workpiece is the integral of the differential equation of radiation heat dissipation over the corresponding radiation time. Therefore, before the nth universal rolling pass, the radiation temperature drop of the head flange and the radiation temperature drop of the tail flange of the workpiece are calculated by the following formulas, in °C: The head and tail temperatures T of the flange of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass Ufh(n) T Uft(n) Calculate using the following formulas, with units in °C: In the formula, , , , These represent the temperature rise and heat conduction-induced temperature drop at the beginning and end of the flange during the nth universal rolling pass, respectively, both in °C. (4) Temperature rise during universal rolling deformation of the workpiece: The equivalent strain of the flange during the nth universal rolling pass is as follows: 1) Deformation resistance K of each pass f(n) Values, calculated in MPa: In the formula, C%, Mn%, and Cr% are the mass fractions of the main alloying elements in the rolled material; 2) Viscosity coefficient η for each pass f(n) Calculation: In the formula, Let be the temperature of the workpiece flange before bite-in during the nth pass of universal rolling, in °C; when calculating the deformation temperature rise of the head and tail flanges of the workpiece, Take respectively and The corresponding deformation resistance K f(n) Take K respectively fh(n) and K ft(n) ; 3) Average deformation rate of each pass The calculation does not use the method in the Eikronde formula, but uses the following formula, with the unit being s. -1 : In the formula, To account for the length of the flange deformation zone when both flanges are rolled down simultaneously, the following formula is used for calculation: During the nth universal rolling pass, the deformation temperature rise of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece, in °C, are as follows: In the formula, the parameter Calculate using the following formula: (3) Temperature drop caused by heat conduction between the flanges of the workpiece and the rolls during universal rolling: During the nth pass of universal rolling, the heat transfer temperature drops between the head flange, tail flange, and the vertical roll of the universal rolling mill are as follows: In the formula, λ is the thermal conductivity of the rolled workpiece, with units of J / (mm·s·℃); T R The temperature of the universal rolling mill rolls is taken as 40~100℃.

7. The method for verifying and calculating the rolling force of a rolling mill in the XH rolling process of hot-rolled H-beams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the force and energy parameters during the rolling process of the edging mill includes the following steps: (1) Calculation of rolling force of edge rolling mill The equivalent deformation of the flange during the nth pass of the edge rolling mill: 1) Deformation resistance K of each pass f(n) Calculation of the value, in MPa: In the formula, C%, Mn%, and Cr% are the mass fractions of the main alloying elements in the rolled material; T Uf(n) The flange temperature of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass; 2) Viscosity coefficient η for each pass f(n) Calculation: In the formula, T Uf(n) Let be the flange temperature of the workpiece after the nth universal rolling pass, in °C; when calculating the deformation temperature rise of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece, Take respectively and The corresponding deformation resistance K E(n) Take K respectively Eh(n) and K Et(n) ; 3) Average deformation rate of each pass The calculation does not use the method in the Eikronde formula, but uses the following formula, with the unit being s. -1 : During the rolling process of the edge rolling mill sequentially rolling the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece, the total rolling force of the edge rolling mill, expressed in kN, is as follows: (2) Calculation of rolling power and torque of the edging mill 1) When and At that time, the rolling power of the edge rolling mill when rolling the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece sequentially is respectively, in kW: In the formula, Let be the entry speed of the workpiece in the nth pass of the edging mill, which is also the maximum stable rolling speed during the nth pass of universal rolling; correspondingly, the rolling torque of the edging mill is , with units of kN·m: 2) When not satisfied and At that time, the rolling power and rolling torque of the edging mill are calculated according to the following method: During the rolling mill's sequential rolling of the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece, the basic rolling forces on a single flange, measured in tons (t), are as follows: When the edge rolling mill rolls the head flange and tail flange of a workpiece, the correction values ​​for the work roll diameter are given by the following formulas, in mm: The correction values ​​for the deformation zone length of the head flange and tail flange when the edge rolling mill rolls the workpiece are respectively expressed by the following formulas, in mm: During the nth pass of the edge rolling mill, the total rolling force, expressed in kN, for the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece is as follows: The rolling torque of the edge rolling mill when rolling the head flange and tail flange of the workpiece, expressed in kN·m: (3) Calculation of total transmission torque and transmission power of the edge rolling machine Frictional torque of the edging machine, in kN·m: The total transmission torque of the head flange and tail flange of the rolled piece when the edge rolling mill rolls the workpiece, in kN·m, is as follows: In the formula, M E0 The idling torque of the edge rolling mill is expressed in kN·m. The total power of the edging machine, in kW: In the formula, η is the transmission efficiency, which is a decimal in the range of 0.8 to 1.

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