Foundation brake device, rail vehicle and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a basic braking device, a rail vehicle, and a method, belonging to the field of railway vehicle technology. It includes a first lever and a second lever connected by a brake adjuster. One end of the first lever is connected to the actuating end of the brake cylinder, and the other end is connected to a first pull rod. One end of the second lever is connected to the second pull rod. Both the first pull rod and the second pull rod are connected to a first brake lever. The first brake lever is connected to a first brake beam, and the first brake lever is connected to a second brake lever through a connecting rod. The second brake lever is connected to a second brake beam, and both ends of the first brake beam and the second brake beam are connected to brake shoes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of railway vehicle technology, specifically relating to a basic braking device, a rail vehicle, and a method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Railway vehicles with a low floor height are typically used to transport containers, heavy machinery, and other goods. This makes it difficult to arrange the vehicle's braking system.

[0004] Existing bogies typically employ unit braking systems with single-sided tread braking. The inventors discovered that while unit braking systems are lightweight and easier to maintain and manufacture, they are integrated, modular basic braking devices, resulting in generally higher manufacturing costs compared to distributed basic braking systems. Furthermore, unit braking systems only have brake shoes on the inner side of the wheel. During braking, the brake shoes push the wheel forward and backward along the bogie's longitudinal direction. To meet the same braking requirements, the axle box experiences force on only one side during braking, and the force on a single-sided brake shoe is twice that of a double-sided brake shoe. This accelerates brake shoe wear, increases brake shoe operating temperature, and negatively impacts braking performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a basic braking device, rail vehicle and method. The device adopts a double-sided tread braking device to adapt to freight cars with a lot of equipment under the vehicle chassis or limited space.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a basic braking device, including a first lever and a second lever connected by a brake adjuster. One end of the first lever is connected to the actuating end of a brake cylinder, and the other end is connected to a first pull rod. One end of the second lever is connected to a second pull rod. Both the first pull rod and the second pull rod are connected to a first brake lever. The first brake lever is connected to a first brake beam, and the first brake lever is connected to a second brake lever via a connecting rod. The second brake lever is connected to a second brake beam, and both ends of the first brake beam and the second brake beam are connected to brake shoes.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the brake cylinder is connected to the auxiliary air cylinder through a brake pipe, and the brake adjuster is connected between the middle of the first lever and the middle of the second lever.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the second brake lever is connected to the frame, and the end of the second lever is connected to the frame.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the first lever is attached to the first mounting base and the second mounting base, and the second lever is attached to the third mounting base.

[0011] As a further technical solution, both ends of the first and second brake beams are fixedly equipped with suspension rods, which are suspended on the brake shoe support of the frame.

[0012] As a further technical solution, safety locks are provided at both ends of the first and second brake beams. The safety locks are in the form of lifting rings, and the safety locks pass around the bottom of the brake beams and are fixed to the frame at both ends.

[0013] As a further technical solution, a safety sling is provided at the connecting rod. The safety sling is in the form of a sling, which passes around the bottom of the connecting rod and is fixed at both ends to the frame.

[0014] As a further technical solution, a lever hanger is installed at the first brake lever.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the brake adjuster is also connected to the constraint lever. The brake adjuster is connected to the middle of the constraint lever. One end of the constraint lever is connected to the first pull rod, and the other end is connected to the positioning pin on the frame. The constraint lever has an elongated hole, and the positioning pin is placed in the elongated hole.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for operating the basic braking device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0017] During braking, the brake cylinder pushes the first lever, which drives the first brake lever and the first brake beam at the corresponding end of the vehicle via the first pull rod, thereby causing the brake shoes of the first brake beam at that end to come into contact with the wheel.

[0018] As the brake cylinder continues to operate, the first lever pulls the second lever via the brake adjuster, and the second lever drives the first brake lever and the first brake beam at the other end of the vehicle via the second lever, thereby causing the brake shoes of the first brake beam at that end to come into contact with the wheel.

[0019] At the same time, when the first brake lever is activated, it drives the second brake lever and the second brake beam, causing the brake shoes of the second brake beam to come into contact with the wheel, thereby achieving vehicle braking.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a rail vehicle including a bogie, wherein the bogie is equipped with the basic braking device as described above.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The basic braking device of this invention is a dual-sided tread braking device, which distributes the force equally on both sides of the wheelset. The number of brake shoes acting on each wheel is doubled, and the force-bearing area of ​​the brake shoes is doubled. Under the premise that the total braking pressure of the brake shoes remains unchanged, the pressure per unit area of ​​the brake shoes is smaller, thereby reducing the wear of the wheels and brake shoes, and allowing the brake shoes to dissipate heat faster, thus reducing maintenance costs. It is particularly suitable for trucks with a lot of equipment under the vehicle chassis or with limited space.

[0023] The basic braking device of this invention has a compact structure, integrating the brake cylinder, brake adjuster, etc., onto the bogie. Only the control valve and auxiliary air cylinder are installed on the car body underframe. The auxiliary air cylinder is connected to the brake cylinder on the bogie via a brake pipe, eliminating the need for numerous brake levers and transmission mechanisms originally located on the car body underframe. This reduces the vehicle's weight and manufacturing cost. Furthermore, arranging the brake cylinder, brake adjuster, etc., on the bogie facilitates the maintenance of the vehicle's basic braking device. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic braking device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic front view of the basic braking device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic top view of the basic braking device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the basic braking device of the present invention mounted on a bogie according to one or more embodiments;

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Brake cylinder, 2. Brake adjuster, 3. First lever, 4. First pull rod, 5. First brake lever, 6. Brake beam, 7. Lever hanger, 8. Brake shoe assembly, 9. Connecting rod, 10. Second brake lever, 11. Hanger assembly, 12. Second lever, 13. Second pull rod, 14. First mounting seat, 15. Second mounting seat, 16. Third mounting seat, 17. Brake pipe, 18. Safety hanger, 19. Safety lock, 20. Restraint lever.

[0030] The distances or dimensions between parts have been exaggerated to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0032] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] For ease of description, the words "up," "down," "left," and "right" appearing in this invention only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0034] Terminology Explanation: In this invention, terms such as “installation,” “connection,” “linking,” and “fixing” should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a basic braking device is proposed, which includes a brake cylinder 1, a brake adjuster 2, a lever, a pull rod, etc. The brake cylinder, brake adjuster 2, lever, pull rod and other components are integrated and installed on the bogie of the rail vehicle.

[0036] The brake cylinder 1 is longitudinally connected to the frame mounting base by four bolts, and is also connected to the frame crossbeam by round pins. The frame is a structure on the wheel bogie.

[0037] There are two levers and two pull rods, namely the first lever 3 and the second lever 12, the first pull rod 4 and the second pull rod 13.

[0038] Brake cylinder 1 is connected to the auxiliary air cylinder on the vehicle chassis via brake pipe 17. The actuating end (i.e., piston rod) of brake cylinder 1 is connected to one end of the first lever 3. Brake adjuster 2 is connected between the middle of the first lever 3 and the middle of the second lever 12.

[0039] The first lever 3 rests on the first mounting base 14 and the second mounting base 15. The first lever 3 is supported on the top of the two mounting bases. Since the lever only rests on the mounting bases, the two mounting bases can constrain the vertical (up and down) swing of the lever. Supported by the two mounting bases, it is relatively more stable.

[0040] Among them, the first lever 3 is located between the 1st and 2nd ends of the rail vehicle, and the second lever 12 is located between the 3rd and 4th ends of the rail vehicle.

[0041] The first lever 3 is connected to the first pull rod 4, and the first pull rod 4 is connected to the first brake lever 5 at position 1. A lever hanger 7 is installed at the first brake lever 5. The first brake lever and the lever hanger are connected by a round pin. The lever hanger is used to suspend the brake lever. The first brake lever 5 is connected to the brake beam 6 at position 1, and the first brake lever 5 is connected to the second brake lever 10 through a connecting rod 9.

[0042] Here, the first pull rod 4 is positioned between the 1st and 2nd positions of the rail vehicle, and the second brake lever 10 is located at the 2nd position. The second brake lever 10 at the 2nd position is connected to the brake beam at the 2nd position.

[0043] The brake adjuster 2 is also connected to the constraint lever 20. The control rod of the brake adjuster is connected to the middle of the constraint lever. One end of the constraint lever is connected to the first pull rod through a round pin, and the other end is connected to the positioning pin on the frame. The constraint lever has an elongated hole, and the positioning pin is placed in the elongated hole. The constraint lever can slide along the positioning pin. When braking, the constraint lever is used to constrain the control rod to achieve the braking effect.

[0044] The second lever 12 is connected to the frame at one end and to the second tie rod 13 at the other end. The second lever 12 is attached to the third mounting base 16.

[0045] The second pull rod 13 is connected to the first brake lever at the 4-position end. The first brake lever is connected to the brake beam at the 4-position end. A lever hanger is also provided at the first brake lever. The first brake lever is connected to the second brake lever at the 3-position end through a connecting rod. The second brake lever at the 3-position end is connected to the brake beam at the 3-position end.

[0046] The second brake levers 10 at both the 2nd and 3rd positions are connected to the frame via round pins.

[0047] Both ends of the brake beam 6 at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are connected to the brake shoe assembly 8. The brake shoe assembly is an existing structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] The brake shoes at positions 1 and 2 are arranged opposite each other on the same side of the brake beam 6, clamping both sides of the same wheel; the brake shoes at positions 3 and 4 are also arranged opposite each other on the same side of the brake beam 6, clamping both sides of the same wheel. Because there are brake shoes on both sides of the wheel, a clamping action is formed during braking, creating a double-sided tread braking device, reducing wear on the wheel and brake shoes.

[0049] The brake beams 6 at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all fixedly equipped with hangers 11 at both ends. The basic braking device is suspended on the brake shoe hanger of the frame by the eight hangers 11.

[0050] Safety locks 19 are installed at both ends of the brake beams 6 at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4. The safety locks 19 are in the form of lifting rings. The safety locks pass around the bottom of the brake beams and are fixed to the frame at both ends by bolts. The safety locks 19 prevent the brake beams 6 from detaching.

[0051] Safety slings 18 are installed at the connecting rods 9 between the 1st and 2nd ends and between the 3rd and 4th ends. The safety slings 18 are in the form of slings. The safety slings 18 pass around the bottom of the connecting rods 9 and are fixed to the frame at both ends by bolts. The safety slings 18 prevent the connecting rods 9 from detaching.

[0052] In practical use, the safety lock can be made of steel cable, and the safety hoist can be made of steel plate profiled and bent parts. If one end of the brake beam or connecting rod breaks off due to a broken pin, the brake beam or connecting rod will rest on the safety lock or safety hoist to prevent it from falling off and causing an accident.

[0053] The braking process of this basic braking device is as follows:

[0054] During braking, the piston rod of brake cylinder 1 extends, pushing the first lever 3. The first lever 3 is connected to the first pull rod 4. The first pull rod 4 is connected to the first brake lever 5 at position 1. The first brake lever 5 is connected to the brake beam 6 at position 1, pushing the brake shoe assembly 8 at position 1 to contact the wheel. The lower end of the first brake lever 5 is connected to the connecting rod 9, which is connected to the second brake lever 10 at position 2. The second brake lever 10 is connected to the brake beam at position 2, thereby pushing the brake shoe assembly 8 at position 2 to contact the wheel.

[0055] As the piston of brake cylinder 1 continues to push out, the first lever 3 pulls the brake adjuster 2, the brake adjuster 2 pulls the second lever 12, and the second lever 12 pulls the first brake lever at the 4-position end. Here, the first brake lever is connected to the brake beam 6 at the 4-position end, thereby pushing the brake shoe assembly 8 at the 4-position end to contact the wheel. At the same time, the lower end of the first brake lever at the 4-position end is connected to a connecting rod, and the connecting rod pulls the second brake lever 10 at the 3-position end. The second brake lever 10 at the 3-position end is connected to the brake beam at the 3-position end, thereby pushing the brake shoe assembly 8 at the 3-position end to contact the wheel, thus achieving vehicle braking.

[0056] When the brakes are released, the piston rod of brake cylinder 1 retracts, and the above process is reversed, thereby releasing the vehicle's braking.

[0057] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, a rail vehicle is proposed, which includes a bogie and the bogie is equipped with the basic braking device as described above.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foundation brake device characterized by, It includes a first lever and a second lever connected by a brake adjuster. One end of the first lever is connected to the actuating end of the brake cylinder, and the other end is connected to a first pull rod. One end of the second lever is connected to the second pull rod. Both the first pull rod and the second pull rod are connected to the first brake lever. The first brake lever is connected to the first brake beam, and the first brake lever is connected to the second brake lever through a connecting rod. The second brake lever is connected to the second brake beam, and both ends of the first brake beam and the second brake beam are connected to the brake shoes. The first lever rests on the first mounting base and the second mounting base, and the second lever rests on the third mounting base; a lever hanger is provided at the first brake lever; The brake adjuster is also connected to the constraint lever. The brake adjuster is connected to the middle of the constraint lever. One end of the constraint lever is connected to the first pull rod, and the other end is connected to the positioning pin on the frame. The constraint lever has an elongated hole, and the positioning pin is placed in the elongated hole.

2. The basic braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The brake cylinder is connected to the auxiliary air cylinder through a brake pipe, and the brake adjuster is connected between the middle of the first lever and the middle of the second lever.

3. The basic braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second brake lever is connected to the frame, and the end of the second lever is connected to the frame.

4. The basic braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the first and second brake beams are fixedly equipped with suspension rods, which are suspended from the brake shoe hangers of the frame.

5. The basic braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Safety locks are provided at both ends of the first and second brake beams. The safety locks are in the form of lifting rings, and they pass around the bottom of the brake beams and are fixed to the frame at both ends.

6. The basic braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A safety sling is installed at the connecting rod. The safety sling is in the form of a sling, which goes around the bottom of the connecting rod and is fixed at both ends to the frame.

7. The method of operating the basic braking device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During braking, the brake cylinder pushes the first lever, which drives the first brake lever and the first brake beam at the corresponding end of the vehicle via the first pull rod, thereby causing the brake shoes of the first brake beam at that end to come into contact with the wheel. As the brake cylinder continues to operate, the first lever pulls the second lever via the brake adjuster, and the second lever drives the first brake lever and the first brake beam at the other end of the vehicle via the second lever, thereby causing the brake shoes of the first brake beam at that end to come into contact with the wheel. At the same time, when the first brake lever is activated, it drives the second brake lever and the second brake beam, causing the brake shoes of the second brake beam to come into contact with the wheel, thereby achieving vehicle braking.

8. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes a bogie, the bogie being fitted with the basic braking device as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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