Electroslag remelting continuous production method and consumable electrode splicing system

Abstract

The application relates to a continuous production method of electroslag remelting and a consumable electrode splicing system, which is spliced in the process of descending of the consumable electrode due to self consumption, adopts a mode of "self connection + welding", realizes self connection between the spliced electrode and the working electrode through the modes of fusion connection, sintering, thread connection and rotating clamping, the connection is firm and stable, then reinforcement is carried out through welding, so that the risk of falling of the original working electrode after splicing is completely avoided, the continuity of electroslag remelting production is ensured, and the stability and safety of production are greatly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electroslag remelting technology, and in particular to a continuous electroslag remelting production method and a consumable electrode splicing system. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag remelting is a special metallurgical method that uses the resistance heat generated when an electric current passes through molten slag in a water-cooled crystallizer to remelt and refine metals or alloys, and then sequentially solidify them into steel ingots or castings. Electroslag remelting can produce steel raw materials with higher quality than traditional metallurgical methods, and therefore its application in high-tech fields such as national defense and aerospace is becoming increasingly widespread.

[0003] The advantages of electroslag remelting (ESR) are: 1) Superior performance: high product purity, dense structure, uniform composition, and smooth surface; 2) Flexible production: capable of producing round ingots, square ingots, round tubes, hollow tubes, etc.; 3) Strong process controllability: fewer process control parameters and easier-to-achieve target parameters. Traditional ESR production processes suffer from low single-piece steel ingot production efficiency, low yield, and high power consumption. Current improvement directions aim to achieve continuous, efficient, and low-cost production of high-grade special steel using ESR.

[0004] In electroslag remelting (ESR), an electric current melts consumable electrodes suspended above the crystallizer. The molten droplets from these electrodes pass through the slag pool and enter the molten pool, where they are rapidly cooled and solidified in a water-cooled crystallizer. This process purifies the molten steel and improves the solidification structure. Traditional ESR production suffers from the drawback of intermittent production, producing only one ingot at a time. To address this issue, researchers have combined continuous casting with ESR, resulting in rapid electroslag remelting (ESRR) technology. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN2873795Y discloses a "continuous casting ESR furnace," which combines the advantages of ESR furnaces with the high efficiency, energy saving, and simple process of continuous casting technology.

[0005] However, the biggest drawback of using ESRR technology in production is the limitation imposed by the height of the factory building, and the maximum clamping weight of most electrode clamping systems is only around 10 tons. Continuous production can only be achieved by changing electrodes, especially when producing large components, which requires multiple electrode changes. For example, a "dispensing electrode replacement device" disclosed in Chinese utility model patent CN 204416952 U has a copper clamp on the upper part of the electrode, a metal connector at the top of the electrode, and several electrodes arranged in a straight line at equal distances in the center of the furnace body. A track is installed horizontally above the electrodes, and a lifting device is installed under the track. Fixed pulleys are installed on one side of the track, and the fixed pulleys correspond one-to-one with the electrode positions. One end of a rope passing through the pulley is connected to the metal connector, and the other end is connected to a counterweight. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN 214060599 U discloses an "electroslag remelting production system" including an electrode lifting mechanism and a crystallizer. Two sets of electrode lifting mechanisms are provided, one on each side of the crystallizer. Each electrode lifting mechanism includes a column with a liftable electrode clamping mechanism. The column is rotatably mounted between a top frame and a bottom base, and the two columns rotate synchronously. The two columns alternately operate at the electroslag remelting station and the clamping station, allowing for continuous and uninterrupted operation.

[0006] Studies have shown that the original stability of electroslag remelting is destroyed during the electrode replacement process, and the electrode replacement process significantly increases heat loss, which is not conducive to production. Sometimes, the electrode even needs to be preheated before replacement. Furthermore, after electrode replacement, obvious replacement marks are formed on the surface of the electroslag ingot, and even "slag grooves" are produced, which are not conducive to the yield and surface quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0007] In addition, due to the limited electrode length, in the actual production process of electroslag remelting, it is mostly necessary to install a dummy electrode at the tail of the consumable electrode to solve the problem that the power supply system cannot extend into the crystallizer.

[0008] Chinese patent application CN 115709266 A discloses a "method for manufacturing a slender consumable electrode blank," comprising the following steps: 1) casting two electrode blank segments using a steel ingot mold, one end of each electrode blank segment being a bevel; 2) making the two electrode blank segments coaxial and ensuring the two beveled surfaces on each segment are parallel and facing each other; 3) attaching and welding the two beveled surfaces of the two electrode blank segments together to obtain a slender consumable electrode blank. This method splits the slender consumable electrode blank into two segments for casting, which is less difficult than directly casting. The slender consumable electrode blank is obtained by axially overlapping and welding the two electrode blank segments together, resulting in a high yield and effectively improving the manufacturing efficiency and reducing costs. Designing the end of the electrode blank segment used for welding as a bevel prevents chipping at the weld joint during electroslag remelting, thus ensuring metallurgical quality. However, longer consumable electrodes also present certain difficulties in production, transportation, and hoisting. Furthermore, even with beveled welding ends, the welding process only fuses the surface metal together, thus still not completely preventing spalling. Once spalling occurs, it will significantly impact the electroslag remelting process.

[0009] In summary, issues such as electrode replacement during electroslag remelting, limitations on electrode length due to plant height, and the tendency for welding electrodes to detach all constrain the development of electroslag remelting technology to some extent. Therefore, how to produce large-size electroslag ingots using electrodes of limited length, thereby achieving continuous electroslag remelting production while simultaneously improving ingot surface quality and saving energy, is a pressing problem to be solved in the field of electroslag remelting production. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention provides a continuous electroslag remelting production method and a consumable electrode reconnection system. Reconnection is performed as the consumable electrode degrades due to its own consumption. The reconnection adopts a "self-connection + welding" method, achieving a self-connection between the reconnection electrode and the working electrode through fusion connection, sintering, threaded connection, and rotational clamping. The connection is firm and stable, and then reinforced by welding. This completely avoids the risk of the original working electrode falling off after reconnection, ensuring the continuity of electroslag remelting production while greatly increasing production stability and safety.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0012] A continuous electroslag remelting production method is disclosed. During the production of electroslag ingots, continuous production is achieved through the splicing of consumable electrodes. The consumable electrodes used for splicing are called splicing electrodes, and the consumable electrodes in the production state are called working electrodes. The splicing process of the consumable electrodes includes a self-connection process and a welding process. The self-connection process is carried out using fusion connection, sintering, threaded connection, and rotational clamping. The fusion connection involves melting the lower end of the splicing electrode through induction heating, and then bonding and fixing the splicing electrode to the working electrode with the molten metal. The sintering process involves adding sintering material between the splicing electrode and the working electrode and heating it to achieve rapid sintering. The welding process involves reinforcing the connection point of the self-connection.

[0013] Furthermore, a continuous electroslag remelting production method specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] 1) An electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, and a welding unit are provided on one side above the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a moving drive device. The electrode clamping device is located on the annular guide rail and can move along the annular guide rail. The side of the annular guide rail away from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closer to the crystallizer is the connecting side. The connecting side is provided with a vertical guide rail section.

[0015] 2) Add slag to the crystallizer and use graphite electrodes for slag treatment; during the slag treatment process, clamp the first consumable electrode on the electrode clamping device on the hoisting side of the annular guide rail, and transport it to the connection side by the moving drive device. After the graphite electrode slag treatment is completed, insert the first consumable electrode as the working electrode into the crystallizer to start the production of electroslag ingots; the empty electrode clamping device returns to the hoisting side.

[0016] 3) During the production of electroslag ingots, when the working electrode is lowered to the set height, the second consumable electrode, i.e. the connecting electrode, is lifted on the hoisting side and transported to the connecting side via the ring guide rail; when the connecting electrode enters the vertical guide rail section, it is coaxial with the working electrode.

[0017] 4) During the downward movement of the two consumable electrodes, the lower end of the continuation electrode is connected to the upper end of the working electrode by the electrode continuation unit. During the continuation process, the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode is controlled by the control system. After the self-connection is completed, the welding unit welds at the connection point to complete the electrode continuation process. The empty electrode clamping device returns to the hoisting side.

[0018] 5) As the production of electroslag ingots continues, the connecting electrodes become working electrodes one by one; during this process, the process of steps 3)-4) is repeated to connect the consumable electrodes until the electroslag remelting production process ends.

[0019] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a fusion connection method, the electrode continuation unit includes an induction heating device and a cooling device; the induction heating device is used to melt the lower end of the continuation electrode; when the continuation electrode and the working electrode are bonded and fixed by molten metal, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference; after the continuation electrode and the working electrode are bonded and fixed, the bonding point is rapidly cooled by the cooling device.

[0020] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a sintering method, the electrode continuation unit includes a sintering agent adding device and a laser sintering device; the sintering agent adding device is used to fill the connection between the continuation electrode and the working electrode with sintering agent, and the laser sintering device is used to melt the sintering agent; then the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection through the speed difference, and fixes the continuation electrode and the working electrode together through the molten sintering agent.

[0021] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a threaded connection method, the electrode continuation unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism provided on the electrode clamping device; the upper end of the first working electrode is provided with a threaded section, and both ends of all continuation electrodes are respectively provided with threaded sections; the electrode rotation mechanism is used to drive the continuation electrodes to rotate around the axis, and the threaded connection is achieved by the engagement of the threaded section at the lower end of the continuation electrode with the threaded section at the upper end of the working electrode; before the threaded connection, after the axis of the continuation electrode is aligned with that of the working electrode, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference to achieve relative fixation of the positions of the two.

[0022] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a rotational snap-fit ​​method, the electrode continuation unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism provided on the electrode clamping device; the upper end of the first working electrode is provided with a snap-fit ​​first, and both ends of all continuation electrodes are provided with snap-fit ​​first and snap-fit ​​second, respectively; the electrode rotation mechanism is used to drive the continuation electrode to rotate around the axis, and the rotational snap-fit ​​is achieved by the snap-fit ​​second at the lower end of the continuation electrode cooperating with the snap-fit ​​first at the upper end of the working electrode; before the rotational snap-fit, after the axis of the continuation electrode is aligned with that of the working electrode, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference to achieve relative fixation of the positions of the two.

[0023] A consumable electrode splicing system includes an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device, and a control system. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a moving drive device. The electrode clamping device is mounted on the annular guide rail and can move along the annular guide rail. The side of the annular guide rail away from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closer to the crystallizer is the connecting side, wherein the connecting side is provided with a vertical guide rail section. The electrode splicing unit is mounted on the lifting and moving device and includes an induction heating device and a cooling device, both of which are located on the periphery of the path of the spliced ​​electrode as it moves down the vertical guide rail section. The welding unit includes a welding device. The control terminals of the electrode clamping device, the moving drive device, the lifting and moving device, the induction heating device, the cooling device, and the welding device are respectively connected to the control system.

[0024] A consumable electrode splicing system includes an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device, and a control system. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a moving drive device. The electrode clamping device is mounted on the annular guide rail and can move along the annular guide rail. The side of the annular guide rail away from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closer to the crystallizer is the connecting side, wherein the connecting side is provided with a vertical guide rail section. The electrode splicing unit is mounted on the lifting and moving device and includes a sintering agent adding device and a laser sintering device, both of which are located outside the path of the spliced ​​electrode as it moves down the vertical guide rail section. The welding unit includes a welding device. The drive ends of the electrode clamping device, the moving drive device, the lifting and moving device, the sintering agent adding device, the laser sintering device, and the welding device are respectively connected to the control system.

[0025] A consumable electrode splicing system includes an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, and a control system. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a moving drive device. The electrode clamping device is mounted on the annular guide rail and can move along the annular guide rail. The side of the annular guide rail away from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closer to the crystallizer is the connecting side, wherein the connecting side is provided with a vertical guide rail section. The electrode splicing unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism mounted on the electrode clamping device. The welding unit includes a welding device. The drive ends of the electrode clamping device, the moving drive device, the electrode rotation mechanism, and the welding device are respectively connected to the control system.

[0026] Furthermore, the welding device is an argon arc welding device, and the welding material used is the same material as the consumable electrode.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1) During the process of the self-consuming electrode decreasing due to its own consumption, the reconnection is carried out. The reconnection adopts the method of "self-connection + welding". The self-connection between the reconnection electrode and the working electrode is achieved through fusion connection, sintering, threaded connection and rotation clamping. The connection is firm and stable. Then, it is reinforced by welding, thereby completely avoiding the risk of the original working electrode falling off after the reconnection. This ensures the continuity of electroslag remelting production while greatly increasing the stability and safety of production.

[0029] 2) The self-connection method using fusion bonding, sintering, threaded connection and rotation snap-fit ​​can form a stable connection inside the consumable electrode, which is especially important for large-diameter consumable electrodes; in addition, it will not introduce new impurities during the consumable electrode splicing, which helps to ensure the stability of the electroslag ingot quality.

[0030] 3) Compared with replacing the consumable electrode, there is no heat loss and no slag grooves are generated on the surface of the electroslag ingot, thus improving the surface quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0031] 4) When producing large-size electroslag ingots, shorter consumable electrodes can be used, which not only helps to reduce the height of the plant, but also shortens the path length of the current flowing through the consumable electrode, thereby effectively saving energy consumption.

[0032] 5) When used in conjunction with a decanting electroslag furnace, continuous casting of electroslag ingots can be achieved;

[0033] 6) It provides a variety of self-consumable electrode splicing methods, which enterprises can choose according to their needs, making it highly applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous electroslag remelting production method described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous electroslag remelting production method described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode clamping device in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the consumable electrode in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA view in the middle.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous electroslag remelting production method described in Embodiments 3 and 4 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode clamping device with an electrode rotation mechanism in Embodiments 3 and 4 of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] In the diagram: 101. Crystallizer; 102. Water-cooled base plate; 103. Flexible brush; 104. Transformer; 201. Circular guide rail; 202. Electrode clamping device; 203. Moving drive device; 204. Telescopic adjustment mechanism; 205. Electrode rotation mechanism; 206. Clamping teeth; 207. Hinge shaft; 3. Working electrode; 4. Continuing electrode; 41. Circular groove; 5. Lifting and moving device; 601. Induction heating device; 602. Cooling device; 603. Sintering agent adding device; 604. Laser sintering device; 7. Welding device: I. Lifting side; II. Connecting side. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the present invention discloses a continuous electroslag remelting production method. During the electroslag ingot production process, continuous production is achieved through the consumable electrode splicing. The consumable electrode used for splicing is called the splicing electrode 4, and the consumable electrode in the production state is called the working electrode 3. The splicing process of the consumable electrode includes a self-connection process and a welding process. The self-connection process is carried out using fusion connection, sintering, threaded connection, and rotational clamping. The fusion connection involves melting the lower end of the splicing electrode 4 through induction heating, and then bonding and fixing the splicing electrode 4 to the working electrode 3 with the molten metal. The sintering process involves adding sintering material between the splicing electrode 4 and the working electrode 3 and heating it to achieve rapid sintering. The welding process involves welding reinforcement at the connection point of the self-connection.

[0046] Furthermore, the continuous electroslag remelting production method of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0047] 1) An electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, and a welding unit are provided on one side above the crystallizer 101 of the electroslag furnace; the electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail 201, an electrode clamping device 202, and a moving drive device 203. The electrode clamping device 202 is provided on the annular guide rail 201 and can move along the annular guide rail 201; the side of the annular guide rail 201 away from the crystallizer 101 is the hoisting side I, and the side closer to the crystallizer is the connecting side II, wherein the connecting side II is provided with a vertical guide rail section.

[0048] 2) Slag is added to the crystallizer 101 and slag is formed using a graphite electrode. During the slag formation process, the first consumable electrode is clamped on the electrode clamping device 202 on the hoisting side I of the annular guide rail 201 and transported to the connecting side II by the moving drive device 203. After the graphite electrode slag formation is completed, the first consumable electrode is inserted into the crystallizer 101 as the working electrode 3 to start the production of electroslag ingots. The empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side I.

[0049] 3) During the production of electroslag ingots, when the working electrode 3 is lowered to the set height, the second consumable electrode, i.e. the connecting electrode 4, is lifted on the hoisting side I and transported to the connecting side II via the ring guide rail 201; when the connecting electrode 4 enters the vertical guide rail section, it is coaxial with the working electrode 3.

[0050] 4) During the downward movement of the two consumable electrodes, the lower end of the continuation electrode 4 is connected to the upper end of the working electrode 3 by the electrode continuation unit. During the continuation process, the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 is controlled by the control system. After the self-connection is completed, the welding unit welds at the connection point, thus completing the electrode continuation process. The empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side I.

[0051] 5) As the production of electroslag ingots continues, the connecting electrodes 4 become working electrodes 3 one by one; during this process, the process of steps 3)-4) is repeated to connect the consumable electrodes until the electroslag remelting production process ends.

[0052] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a fusion connection method, the electrode continuation unit includes an induction heating device 601 and a cooling device 602; the induction heating device 601 is used to melt the lower end of the continuation electrode 4; when the continuation electrode 4 and the working electrode 3 are bonded and fixed by molten metal, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode 3, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference; after the continuation electrode 4 and the working electrode 3 are bonded and fixed, the bonding point is rapidly cooled by the cooling device 602.

[0053] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a sintering method, the electrode continuation unit includes a sintering agent adding device 603 and a laser sintering device 604; the sintering agent adding device 603 is used to fill the connection between the continuation electrode 4 and the working electrode 3 with sintering agent, and the laser sintering device 604 is used to melt the sintering agent; then the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode 3, and applies pressure to the connection through the speed difference, and fixes the continuation electrode 4 and the working electrode 3 together through the molten sintering agent.

[0054] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a threaded connection method, the electrode continuation unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism 205 provided on the electrode clamping device 202; the upper end of the first working electrode is provided with a threaded section, and both ends of all continuation electrodes 4 are respectively provided with threaded sections; the electrode rotation mechanism 205 is used to drive the continuation electrodes 4 to rotate around the axis, and the threaded connection is achieved by the engagement of the threaded section at the lower end of the continuation electrode 4 with the threaded section at the upper end of the working electrode 3; before the threaded connection, after the axis of the continuation electrode 4 is aligned with that of the working electrode 3, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode 3, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference to achieve relative fixation of the positions of the two.

[0055] Furthermore, when the self-connection process adopts a rotational snap-fit ​​method, the electrode continuation unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism 205 provided on the electrode clamping device 202; the upper end of the first working electrode is provided with a snap-fit ​​first, and the two ends of all continuation electrodes 4 are respectively provided with snap-fit ​​first and snap-fit ​​second; the electrode rotation mechanism 205 is used to drive the continuation electrode 4 to rotate around the axis, and the rotational snap-fit ​​is achieved by the snap-fit ​​second at the lower end of the continuation electrode 4 cooperating with the snap-fit ​​first at the upper end of the working electrode 3; before the rotational snap-fit, after the axis of the continuation electrode 4 is aligned with that of the working electrode 3, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode 3, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference to achieve relative fixation of the positions of the two.

[0056] The present invention discloses a consumable electrode splicing system, comprising an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device 5, and a control system. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail 201, an electrode clamping device 202, and a moving drive device 203. The electrode clamping device 202 is mounted on the annular guide rail 201 and can move along the annular guide rail 201. The side of the annular guide rail 201 away from the crystallizer 101 is the hoisting side I, and the side closer to the crystallizer 101 is the connecting side II, wherein the connecting side II is provided with a vertical guide rail section. The electrode splicing unit is mounted on the lifting and moving device 5 and includes an induction heating device 601 and a cooling device 602, both of which are located on the periphery of the path of the splicing electrode 4 moving down the vertical guide rail section. The welding unit includes a welding device 7. The control terminals of the electrode clamping device 202, the moving drive device 203, the lifting and moving device 5, the induction heating device 601, the cooling device 602, and the welding device 7 are respectively connected to the control system.

[0057] The self-consumable electrode splicing system of the present invention includes an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device 5, and a control system. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail 201, an electrode clamping device 202, and a moving drive device 203. The electrode clamping device 202 is disposed on the annular guide rail 201 and can move along the annular guide rail 201. The side of the annular guide rail 201 away from the crystallizer 101 is the hoisting side I, and the side closer to the crystallizer 101 is the connecting side II, wherein the connecting side II is provided with The vertical guide rail section; the electrode continuation unit is located on the lifting and moving device 5, including a sintering agent adding device 603 and a laser sintering device 604, and both the sintering agent adding device 603 and the laser sintering device 604 are located on the outside of the downward movement path of the continuation electrode 4 on the vertical guide rail section; the welding unit includes a welding device 7; the drive ends of the electrode clamping device 202, the moving drive device 203, the lifting and moving device 5, the sintering agent adding device 603, the laser sintering device 604 and the welding device 7 are respectively connected to the control system.

[0058] The present invention discloses a consumable electrode splicing system, comprising an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, and a control system. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail 201, an electrode clamping device 202, and a moving drive device 203. The electrode clamping device 202 is mounted on the annular guide rail 201 and can move along the annular guide rail 201. The side of the annular guide rail 201 away from the crystallizer 101 is the hoisting side I, and the side closer to the crystallizer 101 is the connecting side II, wherein the connecting side II is provided with a vertical guide rail section. The electrode splicing unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism 205 mounted on the electrode clamping device 202. The welding unit includes a welding device 7. The drive ends of the electrode clamping device 202, the moving drive device 203, the electrode rotation mechanism 205, and the welding device 7 are respectively connected to the control system.

[0059] Furthermore, the welding device 7 is an argon arc welding device, and the welding material used for welding is the same material as the consumable electrode.

[0060] The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0061] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, the methods or apparatus used in the following embodiments are conventional methods or apparatus.

[0065]

Example 1

[0066] In this embodiment, continuous production is achieved through the consumable electrode splicing process during the production of electroslag ingots. The consumable electrode splicing process includes a self-connection process and a welding process. The self-connection process is carried out by fusion connection, and then the connection point of the self-connection is reinforced by welding.

[0067] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the electroslag remelting production system (electroslag furnace) includes a water-cooled crystallizer (composed of crystallizer 101 and water-cooled base plate 102), a consumable electrode, and a power supply circuit including a transformer 104. One end of the power supply circuit is pressed against the working electrode 3 by an elastic brush 103. The purpose of using the elastic brush 103 for power supply is to ensure that the working electrode 3 can be continuously energized during the continuous downward movement of the electroslag remelting process and after reconnection, thereby ensuring the continuous stability of electroslag remelting production.

[0068] In this embodiment, a consumable electrode splicing system is provided on one side above the crystallizer 101 of the electroslag furnace, including an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device, and a control system; wherein:

[0069] 1) Electrode transfer unit: includes an annular guide rail 201, an electrode clamping device 202 and a moving drive device 203. The electrode clamping device 202 is mounted on the annular guide rail 201 and can move along the annular guide rail 201. The side of the annular guide rail 201 away from the crystallizer 101 is the hoisting side I, and the side closer to the crystallizer 101 is the connecting side II, wherein the connecting side II is provided with a vertical guide rail section.

[0070] In this embodiment, the annular guide rail 201 adopts a double-sided rack and pinion guide rail, and the moving drive device 203 consists of a moving device body, a stepper motor and two sets of gears. The stepper motor drives the two sets of gears to move along the corresponding side rack, thereby moving the electrode clamping device 202.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the electrode clamping device 202 has an axisymmetric structure, consisting of a support arm, a telescopic arm, and a clamping arm. One end of the support arm is connected to the moving device body, and the other end is connected to the telescopic arm. The telescopic arm is equipped with a telescopic adjustment mechanism 204 (such as a screw and nut transmission mechanism), and both sides of the telescopic arm can extend and retract, which can be adjusted according to the diameter of the consumable electrode. One end of the clamping arm is hinged to one end of the telescopic arm, and the clamping arm can be rotated around the hinge axis 207 by a rotation drive motor. The other end of the clamping arm is equipped with multiple clamping teeth 206, which have an anti-slip function when in contact with the surface of the consumable electrode.

[0072] 2) Electrode continuation unit: includes an induction heating device 601 and a cooling device 602. Both the induction heating device 601 and the cooling device 602 are located on the periphery of the downward movement path of the continuation electrode 4 in the vertical guide rail section. In this embodiment, the induction heating device 601 adopts a ring induction heating coil, and the cooling device 602 adopts a ring cooling water jacket.

[0073] 3) Welding unit: including welding device 7; in this embodiment, welding device 7 adopts argon arc welding robot, and the welding material used for welding is the same material as the consumable electrode.

[0074] 4) Lifting and moving device: In this embodiment, the lifting and moving device 5 is a spiral lifting platform; the electrode connection unit is located on the lifting and moving device 5;

[0075] 5) Control System: In this embodiment, a PLC control system is adopted. The control terminals of the electrode clamping device 202, the moving drive device 203, the lifting and moving device 5, the induction heating device 601, the cooling device 602, and the welding device 7 are respectively connected to the control system. In this embodiment, a laser displacement sensor is also provided to detect the moving speed of the working electrode 3 and the continuing electrode 4. A proximity switch is provided on the vertical guide rail section of the annular guide rail to detect whether the continuing electrode 4 has reached the starting position. Position sensors are respectively provided on the induction heating device 601, the cooling device 602, and the welding device 7 to detect the position of each device in real time.

[0076] In this embodiment, the continuous electroslag remelting production process is as follows:

[0077] 1) Slag is added to the crystallizer 101, and slag is formed using a graphite electrode. During the slag formation process, the first consumable electrode is clamped on the electrode clamping device 202 on the hoisting side I of the annular guide rail 201 and transported to the connecting side II by the moving drive device 203. After the graphite electrode slag formation is completed, the first consumable electrode is inserted into the crystallizer 101 as the working electrode 3 to start the production of electroslag ingots. The empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side I. When the electrode clamping device 202 returns, the clamping arm on the side that interferes with the consumable electrode is rotated to a state parallel to the telescopic arm so that it can pass smoothly.

[0078] 2) During the production of electroslag ingots, when the working electrode 3 is lowered to the set height, the second consumable electrode, i.e. the connecting electrode 4, is lifted on the hoisting side I and transported to the connecting side II via the ring guide rail; when the connecting electrode 4 enters the vertical guide rail section, it automatically maintains coaxiality with the working electrode 3.

[0079] 3) During the downward movement of the two consumable electrodes, the lower end of the continuation electrode 4 is connected to the upper end of the working electrode 3 by the electrode continuation unit. During the continuation process, the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 is controlled by the control system. In this embodiment, the lower end of the continuation electrode 4 is heated by the induction heating device 601 to make it molten. Then, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 to be slightly greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode 3. The speed difference is used to apply pressure to the connection point, so that the continuation electrode 4 and the working electrode 3 are bonded and fixed by molten metal. Finally, the bonding point is rapidly cooled by the cooling device 602.

[0080] 4) After completing the self-connection, welding is performed at the connection point by welding unit 7, thus completing the electrode continuation process; the empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side I; when the electrode clamping device 202 returns, the clamping arm on the side that interferes with the self-consumable electrode is rotated to a state parallel to the telescopic arm, so that it can pass smoothly.

[0081] 5) As the production of electroslag ingots continues, the connecting electrodes 4 become working electrodes 3 one by one; during this process, the process of steps 2) to 4) is repeated to connect the consumable electrodes until the electroslag remelting production process ends.

[0082]

Example 2

[0083] In this embodiment, continuous production is achieved through the consumable electrode splicing process during the production of electroslag ingots. The consumable electrode splicing process includes a self-connection process and a welding process. The self-connection process is carried out by sintering, and then the connection point of the self-connection is reinforced by welding.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the electroslag remelting production system (electroslag furnace) includes a water-cooled crystallizer (composed of crystallizer 101 and water-cooled base plate 102), a consumable electrode, and a power supply circuit including a transformer 104. One end of the power supply circuit is pressed against the consumable electrode by an elastic brush 103. The purpose of using the elastic brush 103 for power supply is to ensure that the working electrode can be continuously powered when the consumable electrode moves continuously downward during the electroslag remelting process, and after reconnection, thereby ensuring the continuous stability of electroslag remelting production.

[0085] In this embodiment, a consumable electrode splicing system is provided on one side above the crystallizer 101 of the electroslag furnace, including an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device, and a control system; wherein:

[0086] 1) Electrode transfer unit: includes an annular guide rail 201, an electrode clamping device 202 and a moving drive device 203. The electrode clamping device 202 is mounted on the annular guide rail 201 and can move along the annular guide rail 201. The side of the annular guide rail 201 away from the crystallizer 101 is the hoisting side I, and the side closer to the crystallizer 101 is the connecting side II, wherein the connecting side II is provided with a vertical guide rail section.

[0087] In this embodiment, the annular guide rail 201 adopts a double-sided rack and pinion guide rail, and the moving drive device 203 consists of a moving device body, a stepper motor and two sets of gears. The stepper motor drives the two sets of gears to move along the corresponding side rack, thereby moving the electrode clamping device 202.

[0088] like Figure 3As shown, the electrode clamping device 202 has an axisymmetric structure, consisting of a support arm, a telescopic arm, and a clamping arm. One end of the support arm is connected to the main body of the moving device, and the other end is connected to the telescopic arm. The telescopic arm is equipped with a telescopic adjustment mechanism 204 (such as a screw and nut transmission mechanism), and both sides of the telescopic arm can extend and retract, which can be adjusted according to the diameter of the consumable electrode. One end of the clamping arm is hinged to one end of the telescopic arm, and the clamping arm can be rotated around the hinge axis 207 by a rotation drive motor. The other end of the clamping arm is equipped with multiple clamping teeth 206, which have an anti-slip function when in contact with the surface of the consumable electrode.

[0089] 2) Electrode splicing unit: includes a sintering agent adding device 603 and a laser sintering device 604; both the sintering agent adding device 603 and the laser sintering device 604 are located on the outside of the downward movement path of the splicing electrode 4 on the vertical guide rail section; in this embodiment, the sintering agent adding device 603 adopts an automatic feeding robotic arm, and the laser sintering device 604 adopts a laser sintering machine, including a laser and a laser beam nozzle. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, each consumable electrode has multiple annular grooves 41 at its upper end to accommodate the sintering agent and to distribute the sintering agent evenly on the plane.

[0090] 3) Welding unit: including welding device 7; in this embodiment, welding device 7 adopts argon arc welding robot, and the welding material used for welding is the same material as the consumable electrode.

[0091] 4) Lifting and moving device 5: In this embodiment, the lifting and moving device 5 is a hydraulic lifting platform; the electrode connection unit is located on the lifting and moving device 5.

[0092] 5) Control System: In this embodiment, a PLC control system is adopted. The control terminals of the electrode clamping device 202, the moving drive device 203, the lifting and moving device 5, the sintering agent adding device 603, the laser sintering device 604, and the welding device 7 are respectively connected to the control system. In this embodiment, a laser displacement sensor is also provided to detect the moving speed of the working electrode 3 and the continuing electrode 4. A proximity switch is provided on the vertical guide rail section of the annular guide rail 201 to detect whether the continuing electrode 4 has reached the starting position. Position sensors are respectively provided on the sintering agent adding device 603, the laser sintering device 604, and the welding device 7 to detect the position of each device in real time.

[0093] In this embodiment, the continuous electroslag remelting production process is as follows:

[0094] 1) Slag is added to the crystallizer 101, and slag is formed using a graphite electrode. During the slag formation process, the first consumable electrode is clamped on the electrode clamping device 202 on the hoisting side I of the annular guide rail 201 and transported to the connecting side II by the moving drive device 203. After the graphite electrode slag formation is completed, the first consumable electrode is inserted into the crystallizer 101 as the working electrode 3 to start the production of electroslag ingots. The empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side I. When the electrode clamping device 202 returns, the clamping arm on the side that interferes with the consumable electrode is rotated to a state parallel to the telescopic arm so that it can pass smoothly.

[0095] 2) During the production of electroslag ingots, when the working electrode 3 is lowered to the set height, the second consumable electrode, i.e. the connecting electrode 4, is lifted on the hoisting side I and transported to the connecting side II via the ring rail; when the connecting electrode 4 enters the vertical rail section, it automatically maintains coaxiality with the working electrode 3.

[0096] 3) During the downward movement of the two consumable electrodes, the lower end of the connecting electrode 4 is self-connected to the upper end of the working electrode 3 via the electrode connection unit. During the connection process, the downward movement speed of the connecting electrode 4 is controlled by the control system. In this embodiment, sintering agent is spread evenly on the upper surface of the working electrode 3 using the sintering agent adding device 603. Then, the sintering agent is heated to a molten state using the laser sintering device 604. Subsequently, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the connecting electrode 4 to be slightly greater than that of the working electrode 3. This speed difference applies pressure to the connection point, fixing the connecting electrode 4 and the working electrode 3 through molten metal sintering. In this embodiment, the sintering agent is a metal powder of the same material as the consumable electrode, with a particle size between 50 and 250 micrometers.

[0097] 4) After completing the self-connection, welding is performed at the connection point by the welding unit to complete the electrode continuation process; the empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side; when the electrode clamping device 202 returns, the clamping arm on the side that interferes with the self-consumable electrode is rotated to a state parallel to the telescopic arm, so that it can pass smoothly.

[0098] 5) As the production of electroslag ingots continues, the connecting electrodes 4 become working electrodes 3 one by one; during this process, the process of steps 2) to 4) is repeated to connect the consumable electrodes until the electroslag remelting production process ends.

[0099]

Example 3

[0100] In this embodiment, continuous production is achieved through the consumable electrode splicing process during the production of electroslag ingots. The consumable electrode splicing process includes a self-connection process and a welding process. The self-connection process is carried out by threaded connection, and then the connection point of the self-connection is reinforced by welding.

[0101] like Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the electroslag remelting production system (electroslag furnace) includes a water-cooled crystallizer (composed of crystallizer 101 and water-cooled base plate 102), a consumable electrode, and a power supply circuit including a transformer 104. One end of the power supply circuit is pressed against the consumable electrode by an elastic brush 103. The purpose of using the elastic brush 103 for power supply is to ensure that the working electrode can be continuously powered when the consumable electrode moves continuously downward during the electroslag remelting process, and after reconnection, thereby ensuring the continuous stability of electroslag remelting production.

[0102] In this embodiment, a consumable electrode splicing system is provided on one side above the crystallizer 101 of the electroslag furnace, including an electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, a welding unit, and a control system; wherein:

[0103] 1) Electrode transfer unit: includes an annular guide rail 201, an electrode clamping device 202 and a moving drive device 203. The electrode clamping device 202 is mounted on the annular guide rail 201 and can move along the annular guide rail 201. The side of the annular guide rail 201 away from the crystallizer 101 is the hoisting side I, and the side closer to the crystallizer 101 is the connecting side II, wherein the connecting side II is provided with a vertical guide rail section.

[0104] In this embodiment, the annular guide rail 201 adopts a double-sided rack and pinion guide rail, and the moving drive device 203 consists of a moving device body, a stepper motor and two sets of gears. The stepper motor drives the two sets of gears to move along the corresponding side rack, thereby moving the electrode clamping device 202.

[0105] like Figure 7 As shown, the electrode clamping device 202 has an axisymmetric structure, consisting of a support arm, a telescopic arm, and a clamping arm. One end of the support arm is connected to the main body of the moving device, and the other end is connected to the telescopic arm. The telescopic arm is equipped with a telescopic adjustment mechanism 204, which can extend and retract to both sides to adjust according to the diameter of the consumable electrode. One end of the clamping arm is hinged to one end of the telescopic arm. The clamping arm can be rotated around the hinge axis 207 by a rotation drive motor. The other end of the clamping arm is equipped with multiple clamping teeth 206, which have an anti-slip function when in contact with the surface of the consumable electrode.

[0106] 2) Electrode continuation unit: includes an electrode rotation mechanism 205 mounted on the electrode clamping device 202. The electrode rotation mechanism 205 consists of two sets of cylinders mounted in two clamping arms, which realize the extension and retraction of the clamping arms. When the cylinders in the two clamping arms move in opposite directions, they can drive the consumable electrode to rotate around the axis. The upper end of the first working electrode is provided with an external thread section, and the lower ends of all continuation electrodes are provided with internal thread sections, and the upper ends are provided with external thread sections. When the electrode rotation mechanism 205 drives the continuation electrode 4 to rotate around the axis, the internal thread section at the lower end of the continuation electrode 4 and the external thread section at the upper end of the working electrode 3 are engaged to achieve threaded connection.

[0107] 3) Welding unit: including welding device 7; in this embodiment, the welding device adopts an argon arc welding robot, and the welding material used is the same as the material of the consumable electrode.

[0108] 4) Control System: In this embodiment, a PLC control system is adopted. The electrode clamping device 202, the moving drive device 203, the electrode rotating mechanism 205, and the drive end of the welding device 7 are respectively connected to the control system. In this embodiment, a laser displacement sensor is also provided to detect the moving speed of the working electrode 3 and the continuing electrode 4. A proximity switch is provided on the vertical guide rail section of the annular guide rail 201 to detect whether the continuing electrode 4 has reached the starting position. A position sensor is provided on the welding device 7 to detect the position of its welding torch in real time.

[0109] In this embodiment, the continuous electroslag remelting production process is as follows:

[0110] 1) Slag is added to the crystallizer 101, and slag is formed using a graphite electrode. During the slag formation process, the first consumable electrode is clamped on the electrode clamping device 202 on the hoisting side I of the annular guide rail 201 and transported to the connecting side II by the moving drive device 203. After the graphite electrode slag formation is completed, the first consumable electrode is inserted into the crystallizer 101 as the working electrode 3 to start the production of electroslag ingots. The empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side I. When the electrode clamping device 202 returns, the clamping arm on the side that interferes with the consumable electrode is rotated to a state parallel to the telescopic arm so that it can pass smoothly.

[0111] 2) During the production of electroslag ingots, when the working electrode 3 is lowered to the set height, the second consumable electrode, i.e. the connecting electrode 4, is lifted on the hoisting side I and transported to the connecting side II via the ring guide rail; when the connecting electrode 4 enters the vertical guide rail section, it automatically maintains coaxiality with the working electrode 3.

[0112] 3) During the downward movement of the two consumable electrodes, the lower end of the continuation electrode 4 is connected to the upper end of the working electrode 3 by the electrode continuation unit. During the continuation process, the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 is controlled by the control system. In this embodiment, when the threaded connection is made, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode 4 to be slightly greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode 3. The relative position of the connection is fixed by the speed difference. Then, the control system controls the electrode rotation mechanism 205 to rotate the continuation electrode 4, forming a resultant force of rotation and downward pressure, thereby completing the threading action.

[0113] 4) After completing the self-connection, welding is performed at the connection point by the welding unit to complete the electrode continuation process; the empty electrode clamping device 202 returns to the hoisting side I; when the electrode clamping device 202 returns, the clamping arm on the side that interferes with the self-consumable electrode is rotated to a state parallel to the telescopic arm, so that it can pass smoothly.

[0114] 5) As the production of electroslag ingots continues, the connecting electrodes 4 become working electrodes 3 one by one; during this process, the process of steps 3)-4) is repeated to connect the consumable electrodes until the electroslag remelting production process ends.

[0115]

Example 4

[0116] In this embodiment, continuous production is achieved through the consumable electrode splicing process during the production of electroslag ingots. The consumable electrode splicing process includes a self-connection process and a welding process. The self-connection process is carried out by rotation and snap-fit, and then the connection point of the self-connection is reinforced by welding.

[0117] The production system and method used in this embodiment are basically the same as those in Embodiment 3, except that: the upper end of the first working electrode is provided with a first locking slot, and both ends of all the connecting electrodes 4 are provided with a first locking slot and a second locking slot, respectively; the electrode rotation mechanism 205 is used to drive the connecting electrodes 4 to rotate around the axis, and the rotation locking is achieved by the cooperation of the second locking slot at the lower end of the connecting electrode 4 and the first locking slot at the upper end of the working electrode. When the rotation locking is performed, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the connecting electrode 4 to be slightly greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode 3, and the relative position of the connection is fixed by the speed difference. Then, the control system controls the electrode rotation mechanism 205 to rotate the connecting electrode 4, forming a resultant force of rotation and downward pressure, thereby completing the rotation locking action.

[0118] In the above embodiments, if the last working electrode needs to be fully inserted into the crystallizer 101, a dummy electrode needs to be installed at the upper end of the last connecting electrode; the dummy electrode can be installed in the same way as the connecting electrode or in other conventional connection methods.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous electroslag remelting production method, wherein continuous production is achieved during the electroslag ingot production process by splicing consumable electrodes, wherein the consumable electrode used for splicing is called the splicing electrode, and the consumable electrode in the production state is called the working electrode; characterized in that, The consumable electrode splicing process includes a self-connection process and a welding process. The self-connection process is carried out using fusion bonding, sintering, threaded connection, and rotational clamping. Fusion bonding involves melting the lower end of the splicing electrode through induction heating, and then bonding and fixing the splicing electrode to the working electrode with the molten metal. Sintering involves adding sintering material between the splicing electrode and the working electrode and heating to achieve rapid sintering. The welding process involves reinforcing the connection point of the self-connection. Specifically, it includes the following steps: 1) An electrode conveying unit, an electrode splicing unit, and a welding unit are provided on one side above the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace. The electrode conveying unit includes an annular guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a moving drive device. The electrode clamping device is located on the annular guide rail and can move along the annular guide rail. The side of the annular guide rail away from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closer to the crystallizer is the connecting side. The connecting side is provided with a vertical guide rail section. 2) Add slag to the crystallizer and use graphite electrodes for slag treatment; during the slag treatment process, clamp the first consumable electrode on the electrode clamping device on the hoisting side of the annular guide rail, and transport it to the connection side by the moving drive device. After the graphite electrode slag treatment is completed, insert the first consumable electrode as the working electrode into the crystallizer to start the production of electroslag ingots; the empty electrode clamping device returns to the hoisting side. 3) During the production of electroslag ingots, when the working electrode is lowered to the set height, the second consumable electrode, i.e. the connecting electrode, is lifted on the hoisting side and transported to the connecting side via the ring guide rail; when the connecting electrode enters the vertical guide rail section, it is coaxial with the working electrode. 4) During the downward movement of the two consumable electrodes, the lower end of the continuation electrode is connected to the upper end of the working electrode by the electrode continuation unit. During the continuation process, the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode is controlled by the control system. After the self-connection is completed, the welding unit welds at the connection point to complete the electrode continuation process. The empty electrode clamping device returns to the hoisting side. 5) As the production of electroslag ingots continues, the connecting electrodes become working electrodes one by one; one end of the power supply circuit is pressed onto the working electrode by an elastic brush to ensure that the working electrode can be continuously energized during the continuous downward movement of the electroslag remelting process and after the connecting, thereby ensuring the continuous stability of the electroslag remelting production; during this process, the process of steps 3) to 4) is repeated to connect the consumable electrodes until the electroslag remelting production process ends.

2. The continuous electroslag remelting production method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the self-connection process adopts the fusion connection method, the electrode continuation unit includes an induction heating device and a cooling device; the induction heating device is used to melt the lower end of the continuation electrode; when the continuation electrode and the working electrode are bonded and fixed by molten metal, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference; after the continuation electrode and the working electrode are bonded and fixed, the bonding point is rapidly cooled by the cooling device.

3. The continuous electroslag remelting production method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the self-connection process adopts a sintering method, the electrode continuation unit includes a sintering agent adding device and a laser sintering device; the sintering agent adding device is used to fill the connection between the continuation electrode and the working electrode with sintering agent, and the laser sintering device is used to melt the sintering agent; then the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection through the speed difference, and fixes the continuation electrode and the working electrode together through the molten sintering agent.

4. The continuous electroslag remelting production method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the self-connection process adopts a threaded connection method, the electrode continuation unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism provided on the electrode clamping device; the upper end of the first working electrode is provided with a threaded section, and both ends of all continuation electrodes are provided with threaded sections respectively; the electrode rotation mechanism is used to drive the continuation electrodes to rotate around the axis, and the threaded connection is achieved by the engagement of the threaded section at the lower end of the continuation electrode with the threaded section at the upper end of the working electrode; before the threaded connection, after the axis of the continuation electrode is aligned with that of the working electrode, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than the downward movement speed of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference to achieve relative fixation of the positions of the two.

5. The continuous electroslag remelting production method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the self-connection process adopts a rotational snap-fit ​​method, the electrode continuation unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism provided on the electrode clamping device; the upper end of the first working electrode is provided with a snap-fit ​​first, and the two ends of all continuation electrodes are provided with snap-fit ​​first and snap-fit ​​second, respectively; the electrode rotation mechanism is used to drive the continuation electrode to rotate around the axis, and the rotational snap-fit ​​is achieved by the snap-fit ​​second at the lower end of the continuation electrode cooperating with the snap-fit ​​first at the upper end of the working electrode; before the rotational snap-fit, after the axis of the continuation electrode is aligned with that of the working electrode, the control system controls the downward movement speed of the continuation electrode to be greater than that of the working electrode, and applies pressure to the connection point through the speed difference to achieve relative fixation of the positions of the two.

6. A consumable electrode splicing system for implementing the method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The system includes an electrode transfer unit, an electrode continuation unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device, and a control system. The electrode transfer unit includes a ring guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a moving drive device. The electrode clamping device is mounted on the ring guide rail and can move along it. The side of the ring guide rail furthest from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closest to the crystallizer is the connecting side. The connecting side has a vertical guide rail section. The electrode continuation unit is mounted on the lifting and moving device and includes an induction heating device and a cooling device. Both the induction heating device and the cooling device are located on the periphery of the downward movement path of the continuation electrode along the vertical guide rail section. The welding unit includes a welding device. The control terminals of the electrode clamping device, the moving drive device, the lifting and moving device, the induction heating device, the cooling device, and the welding device are respectively connected to the control system.

7. A consumable electrode splicing system for implementing the method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The system includes an electrode transfer unit, an electrode continuation unit, a welding unit, a lifting and moving device, and a control system. The electrode transfer unit includes a ring guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a moving drive device. The electrode clamping device is mounted on the ring guide rail and can move along it. The side of the ring guide rail furthest from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closest to the crystallizer is the connecting side. The connecting side has a vertical guide rail section. The electrode continuation unit is mounted on the lifting and moving device and includes a sintering agent adding device and a laser sintering device. Both the sintering agent adding device and the laser sintering device are located outside the downward movement path of the continuation electrode on the vertical guide rail section. The welding unit includes a welding device. The drive ends of the electrode clamping device, the moving drive device, the lifting and moving device, the sintering agent adding device, the laser sintering device, and the welding device are respectively connected to the control system.

8. A consumable electrode splicing system for implementing the method as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The system includes an electrode transfer unit, an electrode continuation unit, a welding unit, and a control system. The electrode transfer unit includes a ring guide rail, an electrode clamping device, and a movement drive device. The electrode clamping device is mounted on the ring guide rail and can move along it. The side of the ring guide rail furthest from the crystallizer is the hoisting side, and the side closest to the crystallizer is the connection side. The connection side has a vertical guide rail section. The electrode continuation unit includes an electrode rotation mechanism mounted on the electrode clamping device. The welding unit includes a welding device. The drive ends of the electrode clamping device, the movement drive device, the electrode rotation mechanism, and the welding device are respectively connected to the control system.

9. A consumable electrode splicing system for implementing the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The welding device is an argon arc welding robot, and the welding material used is the same material as the consumable electrode.

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