Reinforcing device and construction method of self-balanced abutment

Abstract

The application discloses a reinforcing device and a construction method of a self-balanced abutment, wherein the reinforcing device comprises a front wall frame which is in a whole rectangular shape, two side wall frames which are vertically and fixedly connected to the two sides of the front wall frame, the shape of the side wall frame is matched with the shape of the corresponding side wall of the abutment, and the interval of the two side wall frames is consistent with the width of the abutment to be reinforced; the front wall frame and the two side wall frames integrally form a 'Fang' type and are arranged on the outer side of the abutment to be reinforced in a cladding mode; a support beam is connected to the front wall frame and extends outward along the direction away from the side wall frame and is supported and arranged. The application has the advantages of independent structure, comprehensive treatment of the side wall, the front wall and the overall disease of the abutment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of abutment maintenance, and in particular, relates to a self-balancing abutment reinforcement device. Background Art

[0002] Gravity abutment is the most main form of abutment in bridges, and the front wall and side walls are the main components of the gravity abutment. Typical defects of the front wall and side walls include front wall cracking, local outward bulging of the wall, partial loosening or even collapse of the wall, overall displacement of the abutment body or wall, rotation or inclination of the abutment body or wall, etc. The main causes of these defects include excessive earth pressure behind the abutment, excessive deformation of the filler inside the abutment, and poor drainage inside the abutment.

[0003] In view of the above defects, the rectangular or "L"-shaped prestressed frame technology is usually adopted at present to reinforce the wing walls, and prestress opposite to the outward bulging direction is applied to the two wing walls of the abutment, so as to inhibit the outward bulging of the abutment and prevent further "bursting" of the abutment. However, this technology still has the following problems: the existing reinforcement structure is mainly aimed at the defects of the side walls, and has no substantial effect on the defects of the front wall and the whole abutment (displacement, inclination or rotation, etc.). The existing reinforcement structure must be fixed on the side walls of the abutment, and cannot exist and work independently by itself. During the reinforcement process, it is necessary to connect the reinforcement structure with the abutment in a necessary way. A relatively common connection method is to drill holes on the surface of the abutment, and then anchor the reinforcing bars in the reinforcement structure into the holes. This brings inconvenience to the construction and causes damage to the abutment. The existing reinforcement structure must be constructed on site, which is difficult to realize prefabricated and assembled construction, thus increasing the construction difficulty and reducing the efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a self-balancing abutment reinforcement device with an independent structure, which can comprehensively treat the defects of the side walls, front wall and the whole abutment.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A self-balancing abutment reinforcement device, characterized by comprising a front wall frame which is rectangular as a whole, side wall frames are vertically and fixedly connected to both sides of the front wall frame, the shape of the side wall frames matches the shape of the corresponding side walls of the abutment, and the distance between the two side wall frames is consistent with the width of the abutment to be reinforced; the front wall frame and the two side wall frames integrally form a "C" shape, and are arranged on the outer side of the abutment to be reinforced in a wrapping manner; a support beam is connected to the front wall frame, and the support beam extends outward in a direction away from the side wall frames and is supported and arranged.

[0006] With the above structure, the two side wall frames are fixedly connected to the front wall frame, forming a stable frame structure. Simultaneously, the spacing between the two side wall frames matches the width of the abutment, ensuring the side wall frames covering the abutment are close to the two side walls, reinforcing them. Support beams connect to the front wall frame, further reinforcing the front wall of the abutment. For overall abutment defects, when one side wall frame is subjected to displacement, tilting, or rotation, the fixed connection to the front wall frame transfers the force to the other side wall frame, forming a self-stabilizing structure and thus preventing or reducing overall defects. This structure can form a balanced and self-stabilizing system without connection to the abutment, comprehensively addressing side wall, front wall, and overall abutment defects. Since the connection between this reinforcement device and the abutment is unnecessary, the impact of construction on the abutment is reduced.

[0007] Furthermore, two front wall frames are arranged facing each other, and the side wall frames are fixedly connected to both front wall frames, respectively covering the outside of the two bridge abutments to be reinforced; the support beam is supportedly connected between the two front wall frames.

[0008] In this way, if any abutment suffers overall damage such as displacement, tilting or rotation, it can be protected and reinforced by the front wall frame and side wall frame that are installed to cover it. At the same time, the two front wall frames are connected by support beams, which can avoid or reduce the relative displacement between the two abutments, thereby reinforcing the whole structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the front wall frame includes multiple equidistant front wall columns, and multiple front wall beams are connected between two adjacent front wall columns; the side wall frame includes one front wall column and at least one side wall column, and multiple side wall beams are connected between adjacent side wall columns and front wall columns or between two side wall columns.

[0010] Furthermore, connecting plates are provided on both the front wall frame and the side wall frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower ends of the front wall columns and side wall columns have anchoring structures.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchoring structure is a pile foundation, a spread foundation, or an anchored abutment foundation.

[0013] Furthermore, the front wall columns, front wall beams, side wall columns, side wall beams, and support beams are all precast concrete beams, and the connecting plates are precast concrete slabs.

[0014] Furthermore, connecting steel plates are provided at both ends of the precast concrete beam, and bolt holes are provided on the connecting steel plates. The front wall columns, front wall beams, side wall columns, side wall beams and support beams are connected by bolts passing through the bolt holes of the corresponding connecting steel plates, and then concrete is poured and cured.

[0015] Furthermore, channel steel is pre-embedded inside the precast concrete beam.

[0016] A construction method for a self-balancing bridge abutment reinforcement device, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. First, survey the bridge abutment to be reinforced. Based on the distance between the two bridge abutments and the width of the side wall of the bridge abutment, determine the assembly dimensions of the front wall frame, side wall frame and support beam in the reinforcement device as described above. S2. Decompose the front wall frame into multiple front wall columns and multiple front wall beams, and determine the assembly dimensions of the front wall columns and front wall beams; divide the side wall frame into front wall columns, side wall columns and side wall beams, and determine the assembly dimensions of the side wall columns and side wall beams. S3. Concrete precast beams are manufactured according to the assembly dimensions of the front wall columns and front wall beams, the side wall columns and side wall beams, and the support beams. S4. At the construction site, the precast concrete beams are assembled into a reinforcement device by covering the front and side walls of the abutment, and the assembly joints are reinforced with concrete.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the bridge abutment reinforcement device proposed in this invention has the following advantages: 1. Self-stability: The bridge abutment reinforcement device proposed in this invention does not require installation on existing bridge abutments, but can maintain its own stability entirely by relying on the frame structure and its connecting members after installation. Essentially, the reinforcement device is an independent spatial member structure with the function of bearing and transmitting loads and similar effects. Through this device, the development of defects such as cracking and bulging of the front wall of the bridge abutment can be suppressed, and deformations such as displacement and slippage of the bridge abutment can be restrained.

[0018] 2. Self-balancing: The bridge abutment reinforcement device proposed in this invention can transfer the thrust or load effect generated by deformation or slippage of one abutment to the other abutment (and its surface frame structure) through rigid connecting rods, thereby forming a balanced system using the soil pressure generated by the backfill material behind the two abutments. This self-balancing system consists of the two abutments (including the surface frame structure) and the rigid connecting rods connecting them, and it can effectively suppress deformation and displacement in the axial direction of the abutment.

[0019] 3. Implementation Convenience: For the abutment reinforcing device proposed by the present invention, the main components can be prefabricated and cured outside the reinforcement site, and then transported to the abutment site for assembly, forming and system connection. Among the components of the reinforcing device, section steel (channel steel, etc.) can be used to replace ordinary steel bars, so as to further accelerate the construction speed. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a gravity abutment.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the abutment reinforcing device of this embodiment.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of reinforcing two abutments using the reinforcing device.

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic view of reinforcing a single abutment using the reinforcing device.

[0024] Figure 5 and Figure 6 are schematic views of the connection mode of prefabricated members. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 2 , a self-balancing abutment reinforcing device comprises a front wall frame 1 which is rectangular as a whole, side wall frames 2 are vertically and fixedly connected to both sides of the front wall frame 1, the shape of the side wall frames 2 matches the shape of the side walls of the corresponding abutment, and the distance between the two side wall frames 2 is consistent with the width of the abutment to be reinforced; the front wall frame 1 and the two side wall frames 2 integrally form a "C" shape, and are arranged on the outer side of the abutment to be reinforced in a wrapping manner; a support beam 3 is connected to the front wall frame 1, and the support beam 3 extends outward in a direction away from the side wall frames 2 and is supported and arranged.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the reinforcing device reinforces the abutments at both ends of the bridge, that is, two front wall frames 1 are arranged opposite to each other, the side wall frames 2 are fixedly connected to both of the two front wall frames 1, and are respectively wrapped on the outer sides of the two abutments to be reinforced (shown by the dashed lines in the figure); the support beam 3 is connected between the two front wall frames 1 in a supporting manner. As shown in Figure 3 , a plurality of support beams 3 are provided, and both ends thereof are supported on the front wall frames 1 on the two abutments.

[0028] The front wall frame 1 includes multiple equidistant front wall columns 11, and multiple front wall beams 12 connect adjacent front wall columns 11; the side wall frame 2 includes one front wall column 11 and at least one side wall column 21, and multiple side wall beams 22 connect adjacent side wall columns 21 and front wall columns 11 or between two side wall columns 21. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the side wall frame 2 includes only one front wall column 11 and one side wall column 21.

[0029] The lower ends of the front wall column 11 and the side wall column 21 have anchoring structures. The anchoring structures are pile foundations, spread foundations, or anchored into the abutment foundation; in this embodiment, the lower ends of the front wall column 11 and the side wall column 21 are directly anchored into the abutment foundation.

[0030] For ease of construction, the front wall column 11, front wall beam 12, side wall column 21, side wall beam 22, and support beam 3 are all precast concrete beams. Each precast concrete beam has connecting steel plates at both ends, with bolt holes on the connecting steel plates. The front wall column 11, front wall beam 12, side wall column 21, side wall beam 22, and support beam 3 are connected by bolts passing through the corresponding bolt holes in the connecting steel plates, and then reinforced with concrete.

[0031] The reinforcement device in this embodiment is constructed using the following steps: S1. First, survey the abutments to be reinforced. Determine the assembly dimensions of the support beam 3 based on the distance between the two abutments. Determine the width of the front wall frame 1 and the spacing between the two side wall frames 2 on the same front wall frame 1 based on the width of the abutment side wall.

[0032] S2. Decompose the front wall frame 1 into multiple front wall columns 11 and multiple front wall beams 12, and determine the assembly dimensions of the front wall columns 11 and the front wall beams 12; divide the side wall frame 2 into front wall columns 11, side wall columns 21 and side wall beams 22, and determine the assembly dimensions of the side wall columns 21 and the side wall beams 22. S3. Concrete precast beams are manufactured according to the assembly dimensions of the front wall column 11 and the front wall beam 12, the side wall column 21 and the side wall beam 22, and the support beam 3.

[0033] S4. At the construction site, the precast concrete beams are assembled into a reinforcement device by covering the front and side walls of the abutment, and the assembly joints are reinforced with concrete.

[0034] Specifically, in order to endow the upright columns with better stability, pre-buried anchorage foundation pits may be pre-arranged on the abutment foundation, and the anchorage foundation pits are sequentially arranged along the edges of the front wall and the side walls. During construction, the front wall upright columns 11 and the side wall upright columns 21 are respectively erected and placed in the corresponding anchorage foundation pits, the front wall cross beam 12 is connected between two adjacent front wall upright columns 11, and the side wall cross beam 22 is connected to the adjacent front wall upright column 11 and side wall upright column 21, so that the front wall frame and the side wall frame form a "U"-shaped structure.

[0035] Before installing the support beam 3, preload the front wall of the abutment, install the support beam 3 between the front wall frames 1 of the two abutments, and gradually release the preload. In this way, the fit degree between the front wall frame 1 of the reinforcing device and the front wall of the abutment can be enhanced, so that the reinforcing device formed by the front wall frame, the side wall frame and the support beam stores preload and enters the working state in advance.

[0036] Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 4 , the reinforcing device is only arranged on the abutment at one end of the bridge, that is, the front wall frame 1 and two side wall frames 2 are arranged on one abutment and cover the outer side of the abutment to be reinforced (shown by the dashed line in the figure); and the support beam 3 is connected in a supporting manner between the front wall frame 1 and the other abutment.

[0037] The gravity abutment reinforcing devices according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present application are provided with a frame-structured reinforcing device on the surface of the abutment, so as to suppress cracking and outward bulging of the abutment wall, restrict the deformation of the loose part of the wall, and support the partially damaged or collapsed wall. Meanwhile, the frame structures of the abutments on both sides are connected into a whole by the support beam; when one abutment is displaced, rotated and / or tilted, the support beam transmits the thrust or effect generated by this abutment to the other abutment and its frame structure, so as to suppress the displacement, rotation and / or tilt of the abutment, assist and share the force of the former, and maintain the overall balance and stability of the bridge structure; when both abutments are displaced and / or deformed, the thrusts or effects (partially) generated by the displacement and / or deformation of the two abutments balance each other, so that the abutment defects are treated and the reinforcement purpose is achieved.

[0038] The abutment reinforcing device of this embodiment has the following advantages: The abutment reinforcing device of this embodiment does not need to be installed on the existing abutment, and can completely rely on the frame structure and the support beam to maintain its own stability after installation. In essence, the reinforcing device is an independent spatial member structure, which has the functions of bearing and transmitting loads and similar action effects. Through this device, the development of defects such as cracking and outward bulging of the front wall of the abutment can be suppressed, and the deformation such as displacement and slippage of the abutment can be restricted. In specific implementation, it can also be integrally connected with each part of the abutment body, so as to further improve the reinforcement effect. However, such connection is not mandatory.

[0039] Furthermore, in existing technologies, the reinforced bodies on the two bridge abutments are usually unrelated, and the stress and behavior of the reinforced abutments are also independent and unrelated. However, the bridge abutment reinforcement device of this embodiment can transfer the thrust or load effect generated by deformation or slippage of one abutment to the other abutment and its surface frame structure through rigid connecting rods (support beams), thereby forming a balanced system using the soil pressure generated by the backfill behind the two abutments. This self-balancing system consists of the two abutments (including the surface frame structure) and the rigid connecting rods (support beams) connecting them, and it can effectively suppress deformation and displacement in the axial direction of the abutments.

[0040] In existing technologies, reinforcement components must be fixed to the surface of the bridge abutment. This fixed connection can be achieved by drilling holes in the wall surface and then inserting connecting steel bars to connect the reinforcement component to the bridge abutment as a whole. During construction, this method involves complex operations such as drilling, inserting rebar or prestressing bars, welding or tie rods, and requires on-site pouring and curing of concrete. Furthermore, most of the construction and operations must be completed on-site, which affects the quality of component fabrication and curing, and the construction speed and efficiency are also inferior to prefabricated assembly construction.

[0041] In this embodiment, the main components of the bridge abutment reinforcement device can be prefabricated and cured outside the reinforcement site, and then transported to the bridge abutment site for assembly, forming, and system connection. Among the components of the reinforcement device, structural steel (channel steel, etc.) can be used instead of ordinary reinforcing bars, thereby further accelerating the construction speed.

[0042] The front wall column 11, side wall column 21, front wall beam 12, side wall beam 22, and support beam 3 can be connected by welding with pre-embedded steel plates or by corbel connection through pre-drilled holes. The specific connection methods are as follows: (1) Welding connection: During the prefabrication of beams and columns, embedded steel plates are fixed to the reinforcing bars inside the components by welding at both ends of the beams or columns. At the installation site, the prefabricated components are welded together to form a frame structure. As shown in the figure, the embedded steel plates on the prefabricated components are mainly connected together by welding, so no on-site concrete pouring is required.

[0043] (2) Corbel Connection: As shown in the figure below, corbels are divided into exposed corbels (left) and concealed corbels (right). During the prefabrication of beams and columns, connection holes are reserved at both ends of the components; at the same time, corbel structures are made when prefabricating columns, and pin holes are reserved in them. During on-site installation, the prefabricated column is first hoisted into place; second, the prefabricated beam is hoisted to the corbel of the prefabricated column; third, after aligning the reserved holes on the prefabricated beam and column, the pins are inserted into the holes; finally, the pin holes are sealed with high-strength adhesive.

[0044] In addition, in Embodiments 1 and 2 of this application, the support beam 3 is horizontally arranged and laterally connected between the two abutments. In specific implementation, the following connection structure can also be adopted: the support beam 3 includes a main beam laterally connected between the two abutments, with multiple main beams arranged side-by-side; each main beam has an inclined bracing beam between it and the front wall column 11; the lower middle part of the front wall column 11 has an inclined auxiliary beam, and the other end of the auxiliary beam has an anchoring structure. The anchoring structure is a pile foundation, a spread foundation, or an anchored into the abutment foundation. This ensures stable support between the front wall column and the corresponding abutment while preventing the laterally arranged support beam 3 from obstructing traffic.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reinforcement device for a self-balancing bridge abutment, characterized in that, comprising a front wall frame (1) that is generally rectangular as a whole, wherein two sides of the front wall frame (1) are each vertically and fixedly connected with a side wall frame (2), the shape of the side wall frame (2) matches the shape of the corresponding abutment side wall, and the distance between the two side wall frames (2) is consistent with the width of the abutment to be reinforced; the front wall frame (1) and the two side wall frames (2) integrally form a "U" shape, and are arranged to wrap around the outer side of the abutment to be reinforced; the front wall frame (1) is connected with support beams (3), which extend outward in the direction away from the side wall frames (2) and are arranged for support; two of the front wall frames (1) are arranged directly opposite to each other, each of the two front wall frames (1) is fixedly connected with the side wall frame (2) and wraps around the outer side of one of the two abutments to be reinforced respectively; the support beam (3) is connected in a supporting manner between the two front wall frames (1).

2. The reinforcement device for the self-balancing bridge abutment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front wall frame (1) comprises a plurality of front wall columns (11) arranged at equal intervals, and a plurality of front wall cross beams (12) are connected between two adjacent front wall columns (11); the side wall frame (2) comprises one said front wall column (11) and at least one side wall column (21), and a plurality of side wall cross beams (22) are connected between the adjacent side wall column (21) and front wall column (11) or between two said side wall columns (21).

3. The reinforcement device for the self-balancing bridge abutment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Connecting plates are arranged on both the front wall frame (1) and the side wall frame (2).

4. The reinforcement device for the self-balancing bridge abutment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower ends of the front wall columns (11) and the side wall columns (21) are provided with anchoring structures.

5. The reinforcement device for the self-balancing bridge abutment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The anchoring structure is a pile foundation, an enlarged foundation, or an anchoring structure embedded into the abutment foundation.

6. The reinforcement device for the self-balancing bridge abutment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The front wall columns (11), the front wall cross beams (12), the side wall columns (21), the side wall cross beams (22) and the support beams (3) are all precast concrete beams, and the connecting plates are precast concrete plates.

7. The reinforcement device for the self-balancing bridge abutment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Connecting steel plates are arranged at both ends of the precast concrete beams, bolt holes are formed in the connecting steel plates, the front wall columns (11), the front wall cross beams (12), the side wall columns (21), the side wall cross beams (22) and the support beams (3) are connected to each other through bolts passing through the bolt holes of the corresponding connecting steel plates, and are cured by pouring concrete.

8. The reinforcement device for the self-balancing bridge abutment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Channel steel is embedded in the precast concrete beam.

9. A construction method for a self-balancing bridge abutment reinforcement device, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: S1. First, survey and map the abutments to be reinforced, and determine the assembly dimensions of the front wall frame (1), the side wall frames (2) and the support beams (3) in the reinforcing device as defined in claim 1 according to the distance between the two abutments and the width of the abutment side walls; S2. Disassemble the front wall frame (1) into a plurality of front wall columns (11) and a plurality of front wall cross beams (12), and determine the assembly dimensions of the front wall columns (11) and the front wall cross beams (12); disassemble the side wall frame (2) into the front wall column (11), the side wall columns (21) and the side wall cross beams (22), and determine the assembly dimensions of the side wall columns (21) and the side wall cross beams (22); S3. Fabricate precast concrete beams according to the assembly dimensions of the front wall columns (11) and front wall cross beams (12), the assembly dimensions of the side wall columns (21) and side wall cross beams (22), and the assembly dimensions of the support beams (3). S4. At the construction site, the precast concrete beams are assembled into a reinforcement device by covering the front and side walls of the abutment, and the assembly joints are reinforced with concrete.

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