Breeding of cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116 of flue-cured tobacco and its propagation method
By selecting and breeding the MS Yunyan 116 cytoplasmic male sterile line for flue-cured tobacco, the problem of insufficient genetic diversity in flue-cured tobacco breeding was solved, the genetic base was broadened and the quality of tobacco leaves was improved, the resistance to diseases and pests was enhanced, and the coordination of tobacco leaf yield, appearance and internal chemical composition was improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZUNYI CITY BRANCH OF GUIZHOU TOBACCO COMPANY
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
The lack of genetically diverse sterile lines in flue-cured tobacco breeding leads to insufficient utilization of heterosis, resulting in monotonous varieties, decreased resistance, severe pests and diseases, and reduced production efficiency.
MS Yunyan 116, a cytoplasmic male sterile line of flue-cured tobacco, was selected and propagated. MSG28 was used as the source of sterile cytoplasm, and Yunyan 116 was used as the recurrent parent. Through hybridization, continuous backcrossing and artificial pollination, a genetically stable sterile line with excellent agronomic traits was cultivated.
It provides sterile line germplasm with genetic diversity, broadens the genetic basis for utilizing heterosis in flue-cured tobacco, improves tobacco leaf quality and yield, enhances resistance to diseases and pests, and improves the coordination of tobacco leaf appearance and internal chemical composition.
Smart Images
Figure CN118340100B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tobacco genetics and breeding technology, specifically relating to the selection and propagation method of MS Yunyan 116, a cytoplasmic male sterile line of flue-cured tobacco. Background Technology
[0002] Flue-cured tobacco exhibits strong heterosis in terms of yield, disease resistance, growth period, and vigor. However, due to the lack of significant heterosis in leaf quality resulting from inter-varietal hybridization, the utilization of heterosis in flue-cured tobacco was once abandoned by tobacco breeders. In recent years, the scarcity of groundbreaking varieties bred in my country's flue-cured tobacco breeding program has led to a single dominant variety across the country, decreased varietal resistance, and widespread pest and disease damage, causing severe losses to my country's flue-cured tobacco production. Because of its strong resistance to adverse conditions and the short breeding cycle and rapid results of heterosis utilization, domestic breeders have begun to refocus on the utilization of heterosis in flue-cured tobacco, viewing it as a quick and effective breeding method.
[0003] The expression of heterosis is related to parental genetic diversity, increasing with increasing parental genetic distance. Therefore, breeding genetically diverse sterile lines of flue-cured tobacco and expanding the available germplasm resources are crucial foundational tasks for utilizing heterosis in flue-cured tobacco. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In response to the need for genetic diversity of sterile lines in the utilization of heterosis in flue-cured tobacco, this invention aims to provide a breeding and propagation method for MS Yunyan 116, a cytoplasmic male sterile line in flue-cured tobacco, to provide excellent sterile line germplasm for the utilization of heterosis in flue-cured tobacco and broaden the genetic basis for the utilization of heterosis in flue-cured tobacco.
[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in this invention is: the breeding and propagation method of MS Yunyan 116, a cytoplasmic male sterile line for flue-cured tobacco. This method uses the sterile line MSG28 as the source of sterile cytoplasm and the variety Yunyan 116 as the recurrent parent to breed the sterile line MS Yunyan 116; and uses the sterile line MS Yunyan 116 as the female parent and the maintainer line Yunyan 116 as the male parent to propagate the sterile line MS Yunyan 116.
[0006] The aforementioned breeding and propagation method of the flue-cured tobacco cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116 is as follows: The sterile line MS Yunyan 116 was obtained by the following steps:
[0007] (1) Hybridization: Using the cytoplasmic male sterile line MSG28 of flue-cured tobacco as the female parent and the variety Yunyan 116 as the male parent, hybridization was carried out to obtain F1 seeds of male sterile hybrid combinations. The F1 seeds were mixed and harvested, and the seeds were numbered and stored.
[0008] (2) Continuous backcrossing: In the following year, male sterile hybrid combination F1 and Yunyan 116 were planted respectively. The male hybrid combination F1 was used as the female parent and Yunyan 116 was used as the backcross parent. BC1F1 seeds were obtained by backcrossing and the BC1F1 seeds were mixed and harvested. In subsequent years, combined with Hainan generation, Yunyan 116 was used as the recurrent parent and backcrossed with the backcross offspring for 5 consecutive generations until BC6F1 seeds were obtained. This was to achieve the goal of replacing the MSG28 cell nucleus with the Yunyan 116 cell nucleus and to cultivate the genetically stable, completely sterile cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116.
[0009] The aforementioned propagation method for the sterile tobacco line MS Yunyan 116 involves the following steps:
[0010] (1) Planting: MS Yunyan 116 was used as the female parent and Yunyan 116 was used as the male parent. The parents were sown and transplanted at the same time according to the conventional method. The male parent and the female parent were planted at intervals of 1:4.
[0011] (2) Remove impurities and inferior plants: When the tobacco plants are budding, strictly remove impurities, inferior plants and diseased plants, and completely remove tobacco branches. Select typical plants according to the parent plant standards and bag them.
[0012] (3) Artificial pollination: When the corolla tip of the sterile line MS Yunyan 116 turns red but does not open, cut off the corolla tip with scissors or gently tear the corolla with your fingers to expose the pistil. Then, evenly apply the pollen of the maintainer line Yunyan 116 to the stigma of the sterile line pistil.
[0013] (4) Timely harvesting: Harvest each batch as it matures according to the order of hybridization and pollination. When the capsules turn brown, the seeds are mature and ready for harvest. The harvested seeds should be air-dried in a cool place, threshed, and stored in a low-temperature, dry, and sealed environment.
[0014] The sterile line MS Yunyan 116 developed in this invention has the following characteristics:
[0015] The floral organ characteristics are as follows: The inflorescence characteristics of the sterile line MS Yunyan 116 are consistent with those of the maintainer line Yunyan 116. It is a compact inflorescence with a pink corolla. The pistil grows normally, while the stamens are degenerate, which means it is a stamen-degenerate sterile line.
[0016] The varietal characteristics are as follows: excellent agronomic traits, moderate to strong growth in the field, moderate number of harvestable leaves, and good top leaf opening; resistant to black shank and root-knot nematode, moderately susceptible to red spot disease and TMV; good appearance quality of tobacco leaves, golden yellow color, strong hue, and good oil content; harmonious chemical composition of tobacco leaves, and good smoking quality.
[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the MS Yunyan 105 sterile tobacco line bred in this invention has the advantages of stable sterility, excellent agronomic traits, high yield and output value, good ease and tolerance to curing, good appearance and internal quality of tobacco leaves, and harmonious chemical composition. It provides a new and excellent sterile line germplasm for the research on the utilization of heterosis in flue-cured tobacco. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0019] Figure 1 This invention provides the breeding process for the cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116.
[0020] Figure 2 Morphological image of MS Yunyan 116, a cytoplasmic male sterile line;
[0021] Figure 3 This image shows the corolla characteristics of the cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] Example 1. The sterile line MS Yunyan 116 was obtained by the following method and steps:
[0024] (1) Hybridization: Using the cytoplasmic male sterile line MSG28 of flue-cured tobacco as the female parent and the variety Yunyan 116 as the male parent, hybridization was carried out to obtain F1 seeds of male sterile hybrid combinations. The F1 seeds were mixed and harvested, and the seeds were numbered and stored.
[0025] (2) Continuous backcrossing: In the following year, male sterile hybrid combination F1 and Yunyan 116 were planted respectively. The male hybrid combination F1 was used as the female parent and Yunyan 116 was used as the backcross parent. BC1F1 seeds were obtained by backcrossing and the BC1F1 seeds were mixed and harvested. In subsequent years, combined with Hainan generation, Yunyan 116 was used as the recurrent parent and backcrossed with the backcross offspring for 5 consecutive generations until BC6F1 seeds were obtained. This was to achieve the goal of replacing the MSG28 cell nucleus with the Yunyan 116 cell nucleus and to cultivate the genetically stable, completely sterile cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116.
[0026] The following methods and steps are used to propagate the sterile line MS Yunyan 116:
[0027] (1) Planting: MS Yunyan 116 was used as the female parent and Yunyan 116 was used as the male parent. The parents were sown and transplanted at the same time according to the conventional method. The male parent and the female parent were planted at intervals of 1:4.
[0028] (2) Remove impurities and inferior plants: When the tobacco plants are budding, strictly remove impurities, inferior plants and diseased plants, and completely remove tobacco branches. Select typical plants according to the parent plant standards and bag them.
[0029] (3) Artificial pollination: When the corolla tip of the sterile line MS Yunyan 116 turns red but does not open, cut off the corolla tip with scissors or gently tear the corolla with your fingers to expose the pistil. Then, evenly apply the pollen of the maintainer line Yunyan 116 to the stigma of the sterile line pistil.
[0030] (4) Timely harvesting: Harvest each batch as it matures according to the order of hybridization and pollination. When the capsules turn brown, the seeds are mature and ready for harvest. The harvested seeds should be air-dried in a cool place, threshed, and stored in a low-temperature, dry, and sealed environment.
[0031] MS Yunyan 116 was planted at the Jinhua flue-cured tobacco variety breeding and propagation base in Fenggang County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province in 2023. The results are as follows:
[0032] 1. Characteristics
[0033] The plant has a pyramidal shape, with oblong leaves that are green in color and a moderate stem-leaf angle. After transplanting, the central flower blooms 59 days later. After topping, the plant height is 107cm, with 23 leaves remaining. The stem circumference is 9cm, and the length and width of the middle leaves are 70cm × 24cm. The plant shape and leaf characteristics of Yunyan 116 are similar to those of Yunyan 87, but its growth is significantly better than that of Yunyan 87, and the top leaves are more open than those of Yunyan 87.
[0034] 2. Economic characteristics
[0035] MS Yunyan 116 has an average yield of 120.57 kg per mu, with a top-grade tobacco ratio of 76.08% and a medium-grade tobacco ratio of 23.92%.
[0036] 3. Tobacco Leaf Quality
[0037] 3.1 Appearance Quality
[0038] MS Yunyan 116 has a light orange-yellow color in the lower part of the tobacco leaves, with a bright color and medium color saturation. Most leaves have good color uniformity, while a few leaves near the main vein have slightly lower color saturation and medium color. It has oil content and is slightly thin. The middle and upper tobacco leaves are golden yellow to golden yellow in color, with a brighter color and better color saturation. They have good looseness and good oil content.
[0039] 3.2 Sensory quality
[0040] MS Yunyan 116 is made from centrally roasted tobacco leaves. The aroma is moderate to slightly above average, with a sufficient amount of aroma, moderate strength and intensity, and a pleasant to relatively pleasant aftertaste. It has some off-flavors and irritation, moderate to relatively strong combustibility, and grayish-white color. Its quality is moderate to slightly above average.
[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for breeding the flue-cured tobacco cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116, characterized in that: This method uses the sterile line MSG28 as the source of sterile cytoplasm, and the variety Yunyan 116 as the recurrent parent to breed the sterile line MS Yunyan 116; and uses the sterile line MS Yunyan 116 as the female parent and the maintainer line Yunyan 116 as the male parent to propagate the sterile line MS Yunyan 116. The sterile line MS Yunyan 116 was obtained through the following methods and steps: (1) Hybridization: Using the cytoplasmic male sterile line MSG28 of flue-cured tobacco as the female parent and the variety Yunyan 116 as the male parent, hybridization was carried out to obtain F1 seeds of male sterile hybrid combination. F1 seeds were mixed and harvested, and seed numbers were stored. (2) Continuous backcrossing: In the following year, male sterile hybrid combination F1 and Yunyan 116 were planted respectively. The male hybrid combination F1 was used as the female parent and Yunyan 116 was used as the backcross parent. BC1F1 seeds were obtained by backcrossing and the BC1F1 seeds were mixed and harvested. In subsequent years, combined with Hainan generation, Yunyan 116 was used as the recurrent parent and backcrossed with the backcross offspring for 5 consecutive generations until BC6F1 seeds were obtained. This was to complete the purpose of replacing the MSG28 cell nucleus with the Yunyan 116 cell nucleus and to cultivate the genetically stable, completely sterile cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116.
2. The method for breeding the flue-cured tobacco cytoplasmic male sterile line MS Yunyan 116 according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following methods and steps were used to breed the sterile line MS Yunyan 116: (1) Planting: MS Yunyan 116 was used as the female parent and Yunyan 116 was used as the male parent. The parents were sown and transplanted at the same time according to the conventional method. The male parent and the female parent were planted at intervals of 1:
4. (2) Remove impurities and inferior plants: When the tobacco plants are budding, strictly remove impurities, inferior plants and diseased plants, and completely remove tobacco branches. Select typical plants according to the parent plant standards and bag them. (3) Artificial pollination: When the corolla tip of the sterile line MS Yunyan 116 turns red but does not open, cut off the corolla tip with scissors or gently tear the corolla with your fingers to expose the pistil. Then, evenly apply the pollen of the maintainer line Yunyan 116 to the stigma of the sterile line pistil. (4) Timely harvesting: Harvest each batch as it matures according to the order of hybridization and pollination. When the capsules turn brown, the seeds are mature and ready for harvest. The harvested seeds should be air-dried in a cool place, threshed, and stored in a low-temperature, dry, and sealed environment.