A centrifuge for maleic anhydride plant

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of centrifuge, especially to a centrifuge for malonic acid device, which comprises a fixing frame, a protective shell fixed to the fixing frame, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the interior of the protective shell, a rotating shell rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, a rotating motor fixed to the fixing frame, a transmission shaft rotatably connected to the fixing frame, a rotating rod detachably connected to the transmission shaft, a plurality of first limiting shells fixed to the interior of the rotating shell in a circumferential distribution, a limiting block limitingly and slidingly connected to the first limiting shell, and a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate fixed to the limiting block. When the centrifuge is used to centrifuge a mixed solution, the limiting block moves under the action of centrifugal force in water, thereby determining the demarcation position after the separation of the two liquids, and the limiting block is located between the two liquids. Once there is too much water or solution, the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate are moved by the limiting block, the outlet of the little solution is blocked, and the same kind of liquid is prevented from being discharged from the two outlets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of centrifuge technology, and more particularly to a centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Maleic anhydride, chemically speaking, generally refers to a functional group with a specific structural feature. It has wide applications in industry and the chemical field. In the production of maleic anhydride, an 80°C mixed solution of solvent, water, maleic acid, fumaric acid, acrylic acid, and tar, contained in a washing tank, is cooled to 60°C via an extractant feed cooler. After cooling, the remaining solvent and water are passed through a centrifuge, where they are separated into an aqueous phase and a solvent phase. The separated aqueous phase is sent to a fumaric acid wastewater tank and then centrally transported to the wastewater treatment system's concentration unit for further processing. The separated solvent is then processed further.

[0003] In the centrifuge separation process, the solvent is dibutyl phthalate (DBP). The separation process involves the separation of DBP and water. Although DBP and water are immiscible and will show obvious stratification under static conditions, the efficiency of natural stratification in industrial production is far from meeting the separation speed and precision required. Therefore, a centrifuge is needed to rapidly separate DBP and water. DBP and water are discharged through the centrifuge's heavy drain and light drain ports, respectively. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and water are immiscible. When the mixed solution is fed into a centrifuge, the existing centrifuge cannot determine the ratio of water to DBP in the mixed solution. As a result, large amounts of water and DBP may enter in batches. When large amounts of water and DBP enter in batches, the staff cannot control the discharge rate of the liquid from the heavy drain port and the light drain port. In severe cases, one liquid may even be discharged from both drain ports, causing the separated liquids to mix and affecting the separation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the inability of operators to control the discharge rate of liquid from the heavy drain port and the light drain port, and the serious problem of one liquid being discharged from both drain ports, causing confusion of the separated liquids, this invention provides a centrifuge for maleic anhydride devices.

[0005] The technical solution is: a centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus, comprising a fixed frame, a protective shell fixedly connected to the fixed frame, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the lower side inside the protective shell, the rotating shaft rotatably connected to the rotating shell, a rotating motor fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and a transmission shaft rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The output shaft of the rotating motor and the transmission shaft are driven by a pulley and belt. A rotating rod is detachably connected to the transmission shaft. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shell. An inlet pipe is fixedly connected to and communicates with the lower side of the protective shell. A first fixed plate distributed circumferentially is fixedly connected to the rotating rod. A second fixed plate distributed circumferentially is fixedly connected to the upper side inside the rotating shell. The first limiting shell of the protective shell is slidably connected to a limiting block. The limiting block is fixedly connected to a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate. A circumferentially distributed drain pipe is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating shell. A circumferentially distributed outlet cavity is opened on the upper side of the rotating shell. The lower side of the circumferentially distributed drain pipe and the lower side of the circumferentially distributed outlet cavity are both connected to a U-shaped plate. The first sealing plate and the second sealing plate are respectively slidably connected to the adjacent U-shaped plate. A drain assembly for discharging the separated liquid is provided on the upper part of the protective shell. A liquid inlet assembly for inleting liquid is provided on the lower part of the protective shell.

[0006] More preferably, the density of the limiting block, the first sealing plate, and the second sealing plate is half the sum of the densities of the two liquids to be separated.

[0007] More preferably, the first limiting shell has evenly distributed holes, and the side of the first limiting shell near the adjacent first sealing plate and the side near the adjacent second sealing plate are both trapezoidal. The lower part of the first fixing plate has an inclined surface that gradually approaches the rotating shell from bottom to top.

[0008] More preferably, the rotating shell is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed V-shaped shells, the first limiting shell is located between two adjacent V-shaped shells, and a second fixing plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the V-shaped shells.

[0009] More preferably, the drainage assembly includes a light discharge shell, which is rotatably connected to the rotating shell on the side near the rotating rod. The light discharge shell is rotatably and sealingly connected to the rotating rod. The light discharge shell is fixedly connected to and connected to a light discharge pipe. A heavy discharge shell is detachably connected to the lower side of the light discharge shell. The heavy discharge shell is rotatably connected to the rotating shell. The heavy discharge shell is fixedly connected to and connected to a heavy discharge pipe. The discharge chamber has a hole communicating with the adjacent light discharge shell, and the drainage pipe has a hole communicating with the heavy discharge shell.

[0010] More preferably, the liquid inlet assembly includes a liquid inlet shell, which is rotatably connected to the rotating shell and communicates with the liquid inlet pipe. A circumferentially distributed water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper side of the liquid inlet shell. The water inlet pipe is L-shaped and located inside the rotating shell. A sealing cover is slidably connected to the liquid inlet shell, and the sealing cover is in a sealing fit with the adjacent water inlet pipe.

[0011] More preferably, it further includes circumferentially distributed limiting plates, which are fixed to the inner side of the rotating shell. A gap is left between the rotating shell and the limiting plates. The rotating rod is fixed to symmetrically distributed third fixing plates. The third fixing plates have square grooves inside. A second limiting shell and a counterweight are respectively sealed and slidably connected in the square grooves of the symmetrically distributed third fixing plates. A fixing rod is connected between the second limiting shell and the counterweight. The fixing rod and the rotating rod are slidably connected. A first spring is sleeved on the fixing rod. The first spring is fixed between the rotating rod and the second limiting shell. The rotating rod is slidably connected to symmetrically distributed counterweights. A second spring is fixed between the counterweights and the rotating rod.

[0012] More preferably, the portion of the rotating shell located near the limiting plate has a diameter that gradually decreases from the position of the limiting plate to the upper and lower sides of the rotating shell, with the uppermost side of the rotating shell having the largest diameter.

[0013] More preferably, a filter screen is provided on the side of the second limiting shell near the rotating shell, the second limiting shell is in contact with the rotating shell, a baffle is fixedly connected to the second limiting shell, a water inlet is provided in the second limiting shell, a cavity is provided inside the rotating rod, the water inlet is connected to the cavity of the rotating rod, a first water outlet is provided on the upper side of the rotating rod, and a second water outlet is provided on the lower side of the rotating rod in a circumferentially distributed manner.

[0014] More preferably, the diameter of the cavity inside the rotating rod gradually increases upward from the vicinity of the second limiting shell, and gradually decreases downward from the vicinity of the second limiting shell.

[0015] Beneficial effects: When centrifuging a mixed solution, the present invention uses a limiting block to move under the centrifugal force in water to determine the boundary position after the separation of the two liquids, so that the limiting block is positioned between the two liquids. If there is too much water or solution, the limiting block drives the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate to move, blocking the outlet of the small amount of solution and preventing the two outlets from discharging the same liquid.

[0016] This invention uses a V-shaped shell to limit the movement of the mixed solution, ensuring that the liquid between two adjacent V-shaped shells moves at the same speed as the limiting block, thus preventing the different rotation speeds of the solution and the limiting block from affecting the position of the limiting block.

[0017] This invention stores some solid suspended matter present in the solution in the middle of the rotating shell during the rotation process, and then disperses the precipitated impurities of the solid suspended matter through the limiting plate to prevent solid impurities from affecting the balance of the device during rotation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing frame and protective shell of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating motor, transmission shaft, and rotating rod of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first limiting shell and the first sealing plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first limiting shell, the limiting block, and the first sealing plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting block, the first sealing plate, and the second fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the drainage component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating rod and the first fixed plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting plate and the third fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing rod, counterweight, and first spring of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first spring, the counterweight, and the second spring of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the baffle and water inlet of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating shell and the first water outlet of the present invention.

[0019] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-Fixed frame, 11-Protective shell, 12-Rotating shaft, 13-Rotating shell, 14-Rotating motor, 15-Transmission shaft, 16-Rotating rod, 17-Liquid inlet pipe, 18-First fixed plate, 2-First limiting shell, 21-Limiting block, 22-First sealing plate, 221-Drain pipe, 23-Second sealing plate, 231-Liquid outlet chamber, 24-U-shaped plate, 3-V-shaped shell, 31-Second fixed plate 4-Light liquid outlet shell, 41-Light liquid outlet pipe, 42-Heavy liquid outlet shell, 43-Heavy liquid outlet pipe, 5-Liquid inlet shell, 51-Water inlet pipe, 52-Sealing cover, 6-Limiting plate, 61-Third fixing plate, 62-Second limiting shell, 63-Fixing rod, 64-Counterweight block, 65-First spring, 66-Counterweight component, 67-Second spring, 7-Baffle, 71-Water inlet hole, 72-First water outlet hole, 73-Second water outlet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. In the following embodiments, the mixed solution refers to a mixed solution of dibutyl phthalate and water, and the "outward" direction is the direction of the rotating rod 16 toward the rotating shell 13. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and water are immiscible and exhibit significant stratification when at rest. However, in industrial production, the efficiency of natural stratification is far below the required separation speed and precision. Therefore, centrifuges are needed to rapidly separate DBP and water. DBP and water are discharged through the centrifuge's heavy drain and light drain ports, respectively. Because DBP and water are immiscible, the ratio of water to DBP in the mixed solution cannot be determined during centrifugation, resulting in large quantities of water and DBP entering in batches. When these large quantities of water and DBP enter in batches, operators cannot control the discharge rate of the liquid from the heavy drain and light drain ports. In severe cases, one liquid may even be discharged from both ports, causing confusion between the separated liquids and affecting the separation effect. Therefore, this invention improves upon this by implementing the following steps: Example 1: A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus, such as Figures 1-6As shown, the centrifuge includes a fixed frame 1, to which a protective shell 11 is fixed. The protective shell 11 has an arc-shaped door for easy disassembly. A rotating shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the interior of the protective shell 11, and a rotating housing 13 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 is used to fix the rotating housing 13. A rotating motor 14 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixed frame 1, and a drive shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the fixed frame 1. The output shaft of the rotating motor 14 passes through the fixed frame 1, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 14 and the drive shaft 15 are driven by a pulley and belt. A rotating rod 16 is detachably connected to the drive shaft 15. Four triangular blades are provided on the lower side of the rotating rod 16 to drive the mixed solution to rotate. The moving rod 16 is fixedly connected to the rotating shell 13. The rotating shell 13 is used to drive the mixed solution to rotate, causing centrifugal force in the mixed solution. The lower side of the protective shell 11 is fixedly connected to and connected to the inlet pipe 17, which is used to introduce the mixed solution. The rotating rod 16 is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed first fixing plate 18. The first fixing plate 18 is used to drive the mixed solution to rotate, causing centrifugal force in the mixed solution and accelerating the stratification of the mixed solution. The lower part of the first fixing plate 18 has an inclined surface that gradually approaches the rotating shell 13 from bottom to top. The upper side of the interior of the rotating shell 13 is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed first limiting shell 2. The first limiting shell 2 has evenly distributed holes, allowing the mixed solution to pass through the first limiting shell 2 normally. The limiting shell 2 is slidably connected to the limiting block 21. The limiting block 21 is fixedly connected to the first sealing plate 22 and the second sealing plate 23. The side of the first limiting shell 2 closest to the adjacent first sealing plate 22 and the side closest to the adjacent second sealing plate 23 are both trapezoidal. Initially, when the first limiting shell 2 rotates around the drive shaft 15, the limiting block 21 rotates synchronously. The limiting block 21 slides on the adjacent first limiting shell 2 and makes pressing contact with the first limiting shell 2. The trapezoidal shape on the first limiting shell 2 prevents the limiting block 21 from deforming and thus preventing it from sliding normally on the adjacent first limiting shell 2. The upper side of the rotating shell 13 is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed drain pipe 221. The upper side of the rotating shell 13 has a circumferentially distributed outlet. The liquid chamber 231, the lower side of the circumferentially distributed drain pipe 221, and the lower side of the circumferentially distributed outlet chamber 231 are all connected to U-shaped plates 24. The first sealing plate 22 and the second sealing plate 23 are respectively sealed and slidably connected to the adjacent U-shaped plates 24. The density of the limiting block 21, the first sealing plate 22, and the second sealing plate 23 is half of the sum of the densities of the two liquids to be separated. When the mixed solution, the limiting block 21, the first sealing plate 22, and the second sealing plate 23 rotate synchronously, the limiting block 21 is located in the middle of the two solutions in the mixed solution. The upper part of the protective shell 11 is provided with a drain assembly, which is used to drain the separated liquid. The lower part of the protective shell 11 is provided with a liquid inlet assembly for liquid inlet.

[0022] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the rotating shell 13 is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed V-shaped shells 3, the first limiting shell 2 is located between two adjacent V-shaped shells 3, the cavity between two adjacent V-shaped shells 3 is rectangular, and a second fixing plate 31 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the V-shaped shell 3. The second fixing plate 31 is used to drive the solution to rotate.

[0023] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the drainage assembly includes a light liquid outlet shell 4, which is rotatably connected to the upper side of the rotating shell 13. The light liquid outlet shell 4 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 16 in a sealed manner. A light liquid outlet pipe 41 is fixedly connected to and connected to the left side of the light liquid outlet shell 4. The light liquid outlet pipe 41 is equipped with a switch valve to control the discharge rate of water after the mixed solution is separated. A heavy liquid outlet shell 42 is detachably connected to the lower side of the light liquid outlet shell 4. The heavy liquid outlet shell 42 is rotatably connected to the rotating shell 13. A heavy liquid outlet pipe 43 is fixedly connected to and connected to the heavy liquid outlet shell 42. The heavy liquid outlet pipe 43 is equipped with a switch valve to control the discharge rate of DBP solvent after the mixed solution is separated. The outlet chamber 231 has a hole that communicates with the adjacent light liquid outlet shell 4, and the drainage pipe 221 has a hole that communicates with the heavy liquid outlet shell 42.

[0024] like Figures 8-10 As shown, the liquid inlet assembly includes a liquid inlet shell 5, which is rotatably connected to a rotating shell 13. The liquid inlet shell 5 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe 17. Four circumferentially distributed water inlet pipes 51 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the liquid inlet shell 5. The water inlet pipes 51 are L-shaped. During use, the water discharged from the water inlet pipes 51 moves in the direction of water flow to prevent the mixed solution from colliding with the rotating solution when it is introduced, which would cause the centrifuge to become unstable. The water inlet pipes 51 are located inside the rotating shell 13. The liquid inlet shell 5 is slidably connected to a sealing cover 52. The sealing cover 52 is sealed and fitted with the adjacent water inlet pipe 51. Initially, the sealing cover 52 seals the water inlet pipe 51.

[0025] In the process of separating DBP solvent (dibutyl phthalate) and water using a separator, the mixed solution of solvent and water is first introduced into the inlet pipe 17. The mixed solution enters the inlet shell 5 through the inlet pipe 17. The mixed solution pushes the sealing cover 52 upward, causing the sealing cover 52 to move upward and release the seal on the water inlet pipe 51. Then the mixed solution enters the rotating shell 13 through the water inlet pipe 51. When there is some liquid in the rotating shell 13, the operator starts the rotating motor 14. The output shaft of the rotating motor 14 drives the transmission shaft 15 to rotate clockwise from top to bottom through the belt. The transmission shaft 15 drives the rotating rod 16 to rotate clockwise. The rotating rod 16 drives the rotating shell 13 to rotate clockwise, and also drives the parts inside the rotating shell 13 to rotate simultaneously.

[0026] During the rotation of the aforementioned rotating rod 16, the four triangular blades on the lower side of the rotating rod 16 drive the mixed solution to rotate, and at the same time, the rotating shell 13 also drives the mixed solution to rotate, causing the mixed solution to follow the rotating shell 13 to rotate, thereby generating centrifugal force and accelerating the separation of water and DBP solvent. Since the DBP solvent is heavier than water, under the action of the centrifuge, the DBP solvent adheres to the rotating shell 13, and the water is inside the DBP solvent. At the same time, the mixed solution continuously enters the rotating shell 13 through the liquid inlet pipe 17, the liquid inlet shell 5, and the water inlet pipe 51. As the amount of mixed solution in the rotating shell 13 continuously increases, the mixed solution gradually moves upward.

[0027] As the mixed solution moves upward from the lower side of the rotating shell 13, it passes through four circumferentially distributed first fixed plates 18. During the rotation of the rotating shell 13, the rotational speed of the mixed solution cannot be guaranteed to be consistent with the rotational speed of the rotating shell 13. As the mixed solution moves upward, it gradually comes into contact with the four first fixed plates 18. As the contact area between the mixed solution and the first fixed plates 18 gradually increases, the pushing force of the first fixed plates 18 on the mixed solution increases, thereby increasing the rotational speed of the mixed solution. When the mixed solution passes the upper side of the first fixed plates 18, under the drive of the first fixed plates 18, the rotational speed of the mixed solution approaches the rotational speed of the first fixed plates 18. During the upward rotation of the mixed solution, water and solvent (the solvent is dibutyl phthalate) gradually separate.

[0028] After passing through the first fixed plate 18, the mixed solution continues to rise and gradually comes into contact with the second fixed plate 31. Then it enters the space between two adjacent V-shaped shells 3. The rotation speed of the solution between the V-shaped shells 3 is the same as the rotation speed of the rotating shell 13. The space between the two adjacent V-shaped shells 3 is square, and the layered solution immerses the circumferentially distributed first limiting shells 2. Taking one first limiting shell 2 as an example, initially, the limiting block 21 is located on the side of the first limiting shell 2 close to the drain pipe 221. After the layered solution immerses the first limiting shell 2, since the density of the limiting block 21, the first sealing plate 22 and the second sealing plate 23 are between the densities of water and solvent, and the solution near the V-shaped shell 3 rotates at the same speed as the limiting block 21 under the drive of the V-shaped shell 3, the water, solvent and limiting block 21 are relatively stationary. Therefore, under the action of centrifugal force, the limiting block 21 gradually moves between the water and solvent.

[0029] When the volumes of water and solvent are equal, the limiting block 21 is located in the middle of the first limiting shell 2. At this time, the first sealing plate 22 and the second sealing plate 23 are released from the seal with the adjacent U-shaped plate 24 respectively. Water passes through the adjacent U-shaped plate 24 and the liquid outlet chamber 231, and is discharged from the hole on the liquid outlet chamber 231 into the light liquid outlet shell 4. Then, the operator opens the switch valve on the light liquid outlet pipe 41, and water is discharged from the light liquid outlet pipe 41. The solution passes through the adjacent U-shaped plate 24 and the drain pipe 221. The liquid in the drain pipe 221 enters the heavy liquid outlet shell 42 through the hole on its upper side. Then, the operator opens the switch valve on the heavy liquid outlet pipe 43 to discharge the solution, thus completing the separation.

[0030] When there is too much solvent inside the rotating shell 13, the position between the solvent and water changes. Under the pressure of the solvent and water, the limiting block 21 gradually moves between the solvent and water. Figure 5 For example, the limiting block 21 drives the first sealing plate 22 and the second sealing plate 23 to move to the left. The second sealing plate 23 gradually blocks the U-shaped plate 24 on the left side, thereby blocking the liquid outlet chamber 231. During the blocking process, the liquid discharge from the liquid outlet chamber 231 is gradually reduced. When the limiting block 21 moves to contact the left side of the first limiting shell 2, the second sealing plate 23 completely seals the U-shaped plate 24 on the left side, thereby sealing the liquid outlet chamber 231 and preventing liquid from flowing out of the liquid outlet chamber 231. Similarly, when there is too much water, the drain pipe 221 is blocked to prevent one liquid from being discharged from the light liquid outlet pipe 41 and the heavy liquid outlet pipe 43 respectively, causing the separated liquids to mix again.

[0031] After use, the staff turns off the rotating motor 14 to complete the separation of water and solvent.

[0032] In actual production, although the mixed solution entering the centrifuge is a mixture of water and solvent, due to impurities generated during production, there will still be 0.1% suspended solids in the actual solution. When the solids adhere to the rotating shell 13 under the action of centrifugal force, a small amount of solid precipitation will affect the balance of the rotating shell 13 and may also block the light liquid outlet pipe 41 and the heavy liquid outlet pipe 43.

[0033] Example 2: Based on Example 1, such as Figures 8-11As shown, it also includes circumferentially distributed limiting plates 6, which are fixed to the inner side of the rotating shell 13. The limiting plates 6 are located in the middle of the rotating shell 13, and there is a gap between the rotating shell 13 and the limiting plates 6. The diameter of the part of the rotating shell 13 near the limiting plates 6 gradually decreases from the position of the limiting plates 6 to the upper and lower sides, and the diameter is largest at the uppermost side of the rotating shell 13. The rotating rod 16 is fixed to two symmetrically distributed third fixing plates 61. The third fixing plates 61 have square grooves inside. The square grooves on the two symmetrically distributed third fixing plates 61 are respectively sealed and slidably connected to the second limiting shell 62 and the counterweight 64. When the rotating rod 16 rotates, the counterweight 64 moves outward in the adjacent third fixing plates 61 until it is in contact with the second limiting shell 62 and the counterweight 64. The external contact between the adjacent third fixed plate 61, the second limiting shell 62 and the counterweight 64 are connected by a fixed rod 63, the fixed rod 63 and the rotating rod 16 are slidably connected, the fixed rod 63 is fitted with a first spring 65, the first spring 65 is used to reset the second limiting shell 62, the first spring 65 is fixed between the rotating rod 16 and the second limiting shell 62, the rotating rod 16 is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed counterweights 66, the counterweights 66 are composed of square weights and round rods, the counterweights 66 are located in the adjacent third fixed plate 61, the counterweights 66 and the rotating rod 16 are fixed with a second spring 67, the second spring 67 is used to reset the counterweights 66, initially, the first spring 65 and the second spring 67 are charged.

[0034] like Figure 8 , Figures 10-13 As shown, a filter screen is provided on the side of the second limiting shell 62 near the rotating shell 13. The second limiting shell 62 is in contact with the rotating shell 13. A baffle 7 is fixedly connected to the second limiting shell 62. The second limiting shell 62 has symmetrically distributed water inlet holes 71. The baffle 7 is used to guide water into the water inlet holes 71. A cavity is formed inside the rotating rod 16. The diameter of the cavity inside the rotating rod 16 gradually increases from near the second limiting shell 62 upwards and gradually decreases from near the second limiting shell 62 downwards. The inlet hole 71 is connected to the cavity of the rotating rod 16. A first outlet hole 72 is provided on the upper side of the rotating rod 16. The first outlet hole 72 is located in the cavity of the rotating rod 16 and is used to discharge water in the rotating rod 16 to the upper side of the rotating shell 13. A second outlet hole 73 is provided on the lower side of the rotating rod 16 and is circumferentially distributed. The second outlet hole 73 is connected to the cavity of the rotating rod 16 and is used to discharge the water remaining in the rotating rod 16 into the rotating shell 13.

[0035] During the centrifuge separation of the mixed solution, the rotating rod 16 drives the third fixed plate 61 to rotate, which in turn drives the second limiting shell 62 and the counterweight 64 to rotate. Initially, the outer side of the second limiting shell 62 is in contact with the rotating shell 13. As the third fixed plate 61 rotates, the counterweight 64 rotates synchronously. Since the weight of the counterweight 64 is greater than that of the second limiting shell 62, when the counterweight 64 rotates, it moves outward and gradually overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 65, then drives the second limiting shell 62 to move inward, while simultaneously squeezing the first spring 65. When the second limiting shell 62 rotates... After the shell 62 is fully inserted into the adjacent third fixed plate 61, the counterweight 64 stops moving. While the rotating rod 16 rotates, the counterweight 66 rotates synchronously. Under the action of centrifugal force, the counterweight 66 gradually overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 67 and squeezes the second spring 67. The counterweight 66 and the counterweight 64 move at the same time, and the center of gravity of the counterweight 66 moves outward, balancing the counterweight 64. This makes the second limiting shell 62, the counterweight 64 and the counterweight 66 balanced when rotating. After the second limiting shell 62 is fully inserted into the adjacent third fixed plate 61, the third fixed plate 61 blocks the water inlet 71.

[0036] During the aforementioned rotation, the rotating shell 13 drives the limiting plate 6 to rotate, and the third fixed plate 61 rotates synchronously. The third fixed plate 61 and the limiting plate 6 together drive the mixed solution to rotate. During the rotation of the mixed solution, the suspended solids gradually adhere to the inner wall of the rotating shell 13. Under the guidance of the inclined surface of the inner wall of the rotating shell 13, the suspended solids gradually gather between the limiting plate 6 and the rotating shell 13, thereby preventing solid impurities from clogging the holes on the drain pipe 221 and affecting the separation quality of the mixed solution. At the same time, during the rotation of the limiting plate 6, the limiting plate... The liquid is moved by the limiting plate 6. The liquid in the gap between the limiting plate 6 and the rotating shell 13 is not directly driven by the limiting plate 6. Therefore, there is a speed difference between the liquid in the gap between the limiting plate 6 and the rotating shell 13 and the liquid near the limiting plate 6. The liquid on the inside will drive the liquid on the outside to move. When the solid suspended matter adheres to the gap between the limiting plate 6 and the rotating shell 13, the rotating liquid on the inside will drive the solid suspended matter to rotate under the speed difference, and evenly disperse the solid suspended matter around the rotating shell 13 to prevent the solid suspended matter from affecting the balance of the centrifuge during rotation.

[0037] When the mixed solution is about to be separated, and the operator stops introducing liquid into the inlet pipe 17, the operator controls the output shaft of the rotating motor 14 to rotate at a low speed. At this time, the solution inside the rotating shell 13 cannot be directly decelerated, and the solution near the limiting plate 6 continues to rotate at a high speed. At this time, the counterweight 66 is reset under the action of the second spring 67, and the counterweight block 64 is reset under the action of the first spring 65. The second limiting shell 62 protrudes from the adjacent third fixed plate 61, and at the same time, the second limiting shell 62 contacts the inner wall of the rotating shell 13. At this time, the high-speed clockwise rotating solution carries solid impurities that impact the filter screen on the second limiting shell 62, accumulating the solids accumulated in the rotating shell 13 onto the filter screen for easy subsequent cleaning. The liquid then... After passing through the filter screen of the second limiting shell 62, the liquid comes into contact with the baffle 7. Guided by the baffle 7, the liquid enters the water inlet 71 and moves from the water inlet 71 into the cavity of the rotating rod 16. The liquid in the cavity of the rotating rod 16 is spread out onto the inner wall of the rotating rod 16 under the rotation of the rotating rod 16 and is discharged from the first water outlet 72 on the upper side of the rotating rod 16. The discharged liquid enters the upper side of the rotating shell 13 and is then discharged from the drain pipe 221. Finally, the rotating motor 14 is turned off, and the remaining liquid in the rotating rod 16 is discharged into the rotating shell 13 from the second water outlet 73. The rotating shell 13 is then disassembled, the remaining liquid inside the rotating shell 13 is removed, and the second limiting shell 62 and its filter screen are cleaned.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus, characterized in that: The device includes a fixed frame (1), a protective shell (11) fixedly connected to the fixed frame (1), a rotating shaft (12) rotatably connected to the lower side inside the protective shell (11), a rotating shell (13) rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (12), a rotating motor (14) fixedly connected to the fixed frame (1), and a transmission shaft (15) rotatably connected to the fixed frame (1). The output shaft of the rotating motor (14) and the transmission shaft (15) are driven by a pulley belt. A rotating rod (16) is detachably connected to the transmission shaft (15). The rotating rod (16) is fixedly connected to the rotating shell (13). An inlet pipe (17) is fixedly connected and connected to the lower side of the protective shell (11). A first fixed plate (18) distributed circumferentially is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (16). A second fixed plate (18) distributed circumferentially is fixedly connected to the upper side inside the rotating shell (13). A limiting shell (2) is provided, the first limiting shell (2) is slidably connected to a limiting block (21), the limiting block (21) is fixedly connected to a first sealing plate (22) and a second sealing plate (23), the upper side of the rotating shell (13) is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed drain pipe (221), the upper side of the rotating shell (13) is provided with a circumferentially distributed outlet cavity (231), the lower side of the circumferentially distributed drain pipe (221) and the lower side of the circumferentially distributed outlet cavity (231) are both connected to a U-shaped plate (24), the first sealing plate (22) and the second sealing plate (23) are respectively slidably connected to the adjacent U-shaped plate (24), the upper part of the protective shell (11) is provided with a drain assembly for discharging the separated liquid, and the lower part of the protective shell (11) is provided with an inlet assembly for inleting liquid; The density of the limiting block (21), the first sealing plate (22) and the second sealing plate (23) is half the sum of the densities of the two liquids to be separated; The drainage assembly includes a light outlet shell (4), a heavy outlet shell (42) is detachably connected to the lower side of the light outlet shell (4), the outlet chamber (231) has a hole communicating with the adjacent light outlet shell (4), and the drainage pipe (221) has a hole communicating with the heavy outlet shell (42).

2. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting shell (2) has evenly distributed holes. The side of the first limiting shell (2) near the adjacent first sealing plate (22) and the side near the adjacent second sealing plate (23) are both trapezoidal. The lower part of the first fixing plate (18) has an inclined surface that gradually approaches the rotating shell (13) from bottom to top.

3. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating shell (13) is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed V-shaped shell (3), the first limiting shell (2) is located between two adjacent V-shaped shells (3), and a second fixing plate (31) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the V-shaped shell (3).

4. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light liquid outlet shell (4) is rotatably connected to the rotating shell (13) on the side near the rotating rod (16). The light liquid outlet shell (4) is sealed and rotatably connected to the rotating rod (16). The light liquid outlet shell (4) is fixedly connected to and connected to the light liquid outlet pipe (41). The heavy liquid outlet shell (42) is rotatably connected to the rotating shell (13). The heavy liquid outlet shell (42) is fixedly connected to and connected to the heavy liquid outlet pipe (43).

5. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet assembly includes a liquid inlet shell (5), which is rotatably connected to the rotating shell (13). The liquid inlet shell (5) is connected to the liquid inlet pipe (17). A circumferentially distributed water inlet pipe (51) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the liquid inlet shell (5). The water inlet pipe (51) is L-shaped and located inside the rotating shell (13). The liquid inlet shell (5) is slidably connected to a sealing cover (52), which is sealed and fitted with the adjacent water inlet pipe (51).

6. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes circumferentially distributed limiting plates (6), which are fixed to the inner side of the rotating shell (13). A gap is left between the rotating shell (13) and the limiting plates (6). The rotating rod (16) is fixed to symmetrically distributed third fixing plates (61). The third fixing plates (61) have square grooves inside. The square grooves of the symmetrically distributed third fixing plates (61) are respectively sealed and slidably connected to a second limiting shell (62) and a counterweight (64). The second limiting shell (62) 2) A fixed rod (63) is connected between the fixed rod (63) and the counterweight (64). The fixed rod (63) and the rotating rod (16) are slidably connected. A first spring (65) is sleeved on the fixed rod (63). The first spring (65) is fixed between the rotating rod (16) and the second limiting shell (62). The rotating rod (16) is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed counterweights (66). A second spring (67) is fixed between the counterweights (66) and the rotating rod (16).

7. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The portion of the rotating shell (13) located near the limiting plate (6) has a diameter that gradually decreases from the position of the limiting plate (6) to the upper and lower sides of the rotating shell (13), with the uppermost side of the rotating shell (13) having the largest diameter.

8. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: A filter screen is provided on the side of the second limiting shell (62) near the rotating shell (13). The second limiting shell (62) is in contact with the rotating shell (13). A baffle (7) is fixedly connected to the second limiting shell (62). A water inlet hole (71) is provided on the second limiting shell (62). A cavity is provided inside the rotating rod (16). The water inlet hole (71) is connected to the cavity of the rotating rod (16). A first water outlet hole (72) is provided on the upper side of the rotating rod (16). A second water outlet hole (73) is provided on the lower side of the rotating rod (16).

9. A centrifuge for a maleic anhydride apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the cavity inside the rotating rod (16) gradually increases from near the second limiting shell (62) upwards, and gradually decreases from near the second limiting shell (62) downwards.

Images