A rock breaking device

Abstract

The application discloses a rock breaking device and relates to the technical field of rock breaking, which comprises a high-energy gas module, a metal wire electric explosion module and a plug. The high-energy gas module is arranged in a blast hole and is used for filling high-energy liquefied gas. The metal wire electric explosion module comprises a metal wire arranged in the high-energy gas module, and the metal wire is externally connected with a high-voltage electric pulse device through an electrode wire. The plug is arranged at a position close to an opening of the blast hole and is used for plugging the blast hole. The rock breaking device improves the blasting efficiency and can realize accurate control of the blasting process. The technical scheme combining the metal wire electric explosion and the high-energy liquefied gas fully utilizes a high-temperature environment generated after the metal wire is ionized and reduces heat loss in the explosion process. Meanwhile, the combination of the two blasting technologies can generate a stronger explosion shock wave and destructive power, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock-breaking technology, and in particular to a rock-breaking device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the most common rock-breaking methods are mechanical rock-breaking, but these methods are inefficient and prone to producing harmful gases after blasting. Electro-explosive metal wire blasting and gas blasting are widely used green rock-breaking technologies. Electro-explosive metal wire blasting is widely used in experimental fields. Its principle involves fixing a metal wire inside the rock and injecting a high-pulse voltage into it within a very short time using electrode wires. This causes an electro-explosive metal wire blast within a very short period. During this process, due to Joule heating, the metal wire undergoes a rapid phase change, including liquefaction and vaporization, ultimately forming a large amount of plasma under high-temperature conditions and generating a large shock wave that fractures the rock. This method is a relatively green and controllable blasting technology. Gas blasting technology involves storing a large amount of high-pressure, high-energy liquefied gas in a container and heating it to its melting point, causing a phase change and releasing energy to fracture the rock. This method effectively avoids the pollution problems of traditional blasting methods.

[0003] However, existing metal wire electric explosion technology and high-energy liquefied gas blasting technology each have certain limitations. Metal wire electric explosion technology uses a high-voltage electric pulse device to inject energy into the metal wire, causing an electric explosion. However, its rock-breaking efficiency is low at lower voltage levels. High-energy liquefied gas blasting technology, on the other hand, produces a phase change at high temperatures. When the gas volume is small, the impact energy of the high-energy liquefied gas blast is relatively low. To overcome these limitations and improve blasting efficiency and precise control, there is an urgent need for a device that can combine the two blasting technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rock-breaking device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can combine metal wire electric explosion technology and high-energy liquefied gas explosion technology. The metal wire electric explosion instantly generates a high-temperature environment, which causes the high-pressure liquefied gas to detonate, thereby achieving a double explosion and releasing a high-energy shock wave to break the rock.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] This invention provides a rock-breaking device, comprising:

[0007] A high-energy gas module is installed inside the borehole, and the high-energy gas module is used to fill high-energy liquefied gas;

[0008] A metal wire electric explosion module includes a metal wire disposed within the high-energy gas module, wherein the metal wire is externally connected to a high-voltage electric pulse device via electrode wires.

[0009] A plug, positioned near the opening of the blast hole, is used to seal the blast hole. This invention improves blasting efficiency and enables precise control of the blasting process. By combining the techniques of metal wire electro-blasting and high-energy liquefied gas, it fully utilizes the high-temperature environment generated after the metal wire ionization, reducing heat loss during the explosion. Furthermore, the combination of these two blasting techniques generates a stronger explosive shock wave and destructive force, thereby improving rock-breaking efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, the high-energy gas module includes a pressure vessel for storing high-energy liquefied gas. The top of the pressure vessel is connected to a switch valve, and a pressure gauge is provided at the switch valve. The pressure vessel can be placed inside the borehole, and the metal wire is disposed inside the pressure vessel.

[0011] Optionally, the pressure vessel is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0012] Optionally, the pressure vessel sidewall has a through hole, and the two ends of the metal wire pass through the through hole and are connected to the electrode wire. The through hole is fixedly and sealed to the metal wire with industrial adhesive.

[0013] Optionally, the metal wire may be made of copper, aluminum, tungsten, or iron.

[0014] Optionally, the plug includes a base block located on the upper part of the borehole. The base block has a vertical threaded track hole, and a vertical threaded steel column is internally threaded into the vertical threaded track hole. A pressure block is connected to the bottom of the vertical threaded steel column through an elastic device. The pressure block is located above the high-energy gas module inside the borehole.

[0015] Optionally, the elastic device includes a spring, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the vertical threaded steel column, and a prismatic force transmission block is connected to the bottom of the spring. The force transmission block has symmetrically arranged curved pressure blocks on both sides. When the force transmission block moves downward, it can push the pressure blocks to move outward until they are fixedly abutted against the inner wall of the borehole.

[0016] Optionally, the base block is provided with two sets of transverse threaded track holes. Each set of transverse threaded track holes includes two coaxial threaded through holes. A transverse threaded steel column is inserted into each threaded through hole. A clamping mechanism is fixedly provided at one end of the transverse threaded steel column near the blast hole. The two clamping mechanisms in the same set can clamp the electrode wire connected to the metal wire after they abut against each other.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0018] This invention places a metal wire inside a high-pressure gas chamber and applies an adhesive material—industrial glue—to the interface to ensure the high-pressure gas chamber is airtight, maintaining a high-pressure state before explosion. The high-energy gas module is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), which can withstand high gas pressure well, and its excellent insulation prevents interference with the initiation of the metal wire's electric explosion. By charging the high-voltage electric pulse device and remotely controlling its switch, a high-density current is released to initiate the metal wire's electric explosion. When the metal wire transforms into metal vapor due to Joule heating and generates a large amount of plasma, the high temperature around the metal wire triggers a phase change in the liquefied gas in the high-pressure gas module, resulting in a double explosion that generates a large amount of energy and a shock wave that breaks the rock. The clamping mechanism of the plug in this invention can effectively clamp the electrode wire, keeping the electrode circuit stable and preventing the lower metal wire structure from twisting or breaking. The vertical threaded steel column and spring structure in the middle of the plug can transmit pressure by rotating the upper vertical threaded steel column, and transmit this pressure to the pressure blocks on both sides of the lower part of the plug, ensuring a tight bond between the plug and the rock. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rock-breaking device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the metal wire electro-explosion module of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the plug structure;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the plug of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the high-energy gas module of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-High voltage pulse device, 2-Grounding device, 3-Clamping mechanism, 4-Horizontal threaded steel column, 5-Force transmission block, 6-Pressure block, 7-Pressure vessel, 8-Blast hole, 9-Metal wire, 10-Base block, 11-Spring, 12-Vertical threaded steel column, 13-Electrode wire, 14-Switch valve, 15-Pressure gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rock-breaking device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can combine metal wire electric explosion technology and high-energy liquefied gas explosion technology. The metal wire electric explosion instantly generates a high-temperature environment, which causes the high-pressure liquefied gas to detonate, thereby achieving a double explosion and releasing a high-energy shock wave to break the rock.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this invention provides a rock-breaking device, including a high-energy gas module, a metal wire 9 electro-explosion module, and a plug. The high-energy gas module is disposed within a borehole 8 and is filled with high-energy liquefied gas. The metal wire 9 electro-explosion module includes a metal wire 9 disposed within the high-energy gas module, and the metal wire 9 is externally connected to a high-voltage electric pulse device 1 via an electrode wire 13. The plug is disposed near the opening of the borehole 8 to seal the borehole 8. This invention improves blasting efficiency and enables precise control of the blasting process. By combining the metal wire 9 electro-explosion and high-energy liquefied gas technologies, the high-temperature environment generated after the metal wire 9 is ionized is fully utilized, reducing heat loss during the explosion process. Furthermore, the combination of the two blasting technologies can generate a stronger explosive shock wave and destructive force, thereby improving rock-breaking efficiency.

[0030] The high-energy gas module includes a switching valve 14, a pressure gauge 15, and a pressure vessel 7, with an embedded metal wire 9 inside the pressure vessel 7. The pressure vessel 7 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), possessing sufficient strength to store high-energy liquefied gas. This high-energy liquefied gas is an existing technology and will not be elaborated upon further. PTFE has excellent electrical insulation and a low dielectric constant; when a high-density current passes through the metal wire 9, it will not pass through the PTFE container, thus avoiding interference with the initiation of an electrical explosion of the metal wire 9. The switching valve 14 system controls the lower gear structure to fill and discharge high-energy liquefied gas into the pressure vessel 7 via rotation. The pressure gauge 15 detects the pressure of the gas inside the pressure vessel 7. The embedded metal wire 9 is bent into a reasonable structure, installed inside the pressure vessel 7, and fixed using industrial adhesive, ensuring both the stability of the metal wire 9 structure and the high-pressure sealing of the pressure vessel 7. During installation, first drill symmetrical through holes on the side wall of the pressure vessel 7, use industrial adhesive to install the metal wire 9 structure inside the pressure vessel 7, and use high-strength adhesive at the junction of the metal wire 9 and the through hole of the pressure vessel 7. After the metal wire 9 is installed, test and install the pressure gauge 15 and the switch valve 14, and ensure the sealing of the upper structure.

[0031] The electro-explosion module of the metal wire 9 of this invention mainly comprises four parts: a high-voltage electric pulse device 1, a grounding device 2, an electrode wire 13, and a metal wire 9. The high-voltage electric pulse device 1, operated remotely, injects a high-density current in a very short time. The current is rapidly transmitted in the electrode wire 13. When the current passes through the metal wire 9, it triggers instantaneous high temperature and high-pressure metal vapor, leading to the formation of a large amount of plasma. This plasma explosion releases a large amount of heat, with temperatures reaching approximately 1000°C. The metal wire 9 can be selected from a wide range of materials, including copper, aluminum, tungsten, and iron wire.

[0032] In traditional wire blasting operations, common plug structures require a curing process of up to 24 hours to ensure a strong connection with the rock. This process significantly extends the overall rock-breaking operation time. To improve efficiency, this device features an innovative plug structure design. The new plug incorporates two sets of transverse threaded track holes in its upper square base block 10, combining transverse threaded steel bars and a central steel clamping mechanism 3. Each set of transverse threaded track holes includes two coaxial threaded through holes, each containing a transverse threaded steel bar post 4. A clamping mechanism 3 is fixed at the end of the transverse threaded steel bar post 4 near the blast hole 8. The two clamping mechanisms 3 in the same set abut against each other, securing the electrode wire 13 connected to the wire 9. By rotating the transverse threaded steel bars within the transverse threaded track holes, the clamping degree of the two clamping mechanisms 3 in the same set can be flexibly controlled, ensuring a secure clamping of the electrode wire 13. This design helps maintain the stability of the electrode wire 13 path, preventing wire 9 twisting and breakage due to unstable wiring when connected to a high-voltage power line at the bottom. The plug structure is entirely constructed from Q235 steel, which boasts superior strength, hardness, and impact toughness. This allows it to withstand the intense shockwaves released by the explosion, ensuring operational safety. Furthermore, the drilled holes are precisely sized according to the plug structure's dimensions to guarantee an effective seal. This innovative design not only reduces curing time and improves operational efficiency but also ensures the reliability and safety of the wire 9 electro-explosion process through superior materials and structural design.

[0033] A vertical threaded track hole is provided on the base block 10 at the center of the upper part of the plug. A vertical threaded steel column 12 is threaded into the vertical threaded track hole, and its bottom is connected to a spring 11 at the bottom of the plug. When the upper vertical threaded steel column 12 is rotated, the upper pressure can be transmitted through the middle spring 11. A prismatic steel device, namely the force transmission block 5, is connected to the lower part of the spring 11, so that the upper pressure can be effectively transmitted to the lower force transmission block 5. A curved steel structure, namely the pressure block 6, is set symmetrically on both sides of the force transmission block 5 inside the borehole 8. The bottom dimension of the force transmission block 5 is larger than the top dimension. When it moves downward, it squeezes the pressure block 6, so that the pressure can be transmitted to the lower symmetrical pressure block 6. In this way, the upper pressure is converted into the horizontal pressure of the pressure block 6 and the friction of the side wall, so that the pressure block 6 can be tightly combined with the inner wall of the borehole 8, which can play the role of fixing the plug, thereby improving the efficiency of fixing the plug. This plug design effectively transmits pressure from the upper part to the lower part, and the pressure block 6 ensures that the plug is firmly fixed in the borehole, thereby improving work efficiency and safety.

[0034] In operation, this invention first drills boreholes 8 into the rock, ensuring the borehole depth is sufficient to accommodate the high-pressure gas module and the width is adequate to fit the plug structure. The plug structure and high-pressure gas module dimensions are rationally designed based on the rock structure and rock breaking conditions. Then, the high-pressure gas module with the installed metal wire 9 structure is bound to the electrode wires 13 on both sides. The length of the electrode wires 13 is controlled by measuring the borehole depth. The transverse threaded steel columns 4 on both sides of the upper part of the plug are rotated to secure the electrode wires 13 via the clamping mechanism 3. The testing equipment ensures the circuit is connected. The high-pressure gas module with the electrode wires 13 connected is placed at the top of the borehole, and high-energy liquefied gas is refilled on-site to ensure the high-pressure gas module is under high pressure. After filling, the switch valve 14 is tightened and the module is placed inside the borehole. Quick-acting industrial adhesive is applied to the area near the borehole sidewall and the upper part of the borehole to ensure a tight connection between the plug and the rock, guaranteeing the borehole's airtightness. The vertical threaded steel column 12 at the top of the rotating plug transmits pressure through the intermediate spring 11. This pressure is then applied to the pressure block 6 at the bottom of the plug via the force transmission block 5, ensuring that the pressure block 6 bears horizontal pressure and fits tightly against the borehole. This guarantees the stability of the plug structure and prevents the shock wave from being released preferentially from the plug during the double explosion. After the entire device is installed, the high-voltage electric pulse device 1 is charged. By remotely controlling the switch of the high-voltage electric pulse device 1, a high-density current is released to perform an electric explosion of the metal wire 9. When the metal wire 9 transforms into metal vapor due to Joule heating and generates a large amount of plasma, the high temperature around the metal wire 9 triggers a phase change in the liquefied gas in the high-pressure gas module. The double explosion generates a large amount of energy and shock waves that break the rock.

[0035] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A rock-breaking device, characterized in that, include: A high-energy gas module is installed inside the borehole, and the high-energy gas module is used to fill high-energy liquefied gas; A metal wire electric explosion module includes a metal wire disposed within the high-energy gas module, wherein the metal wire is externally connected to a high-voltage electric pulse device via electrode wires. A plug is placed near the opening of the borehole to seal it. The plug includes a base block disposed on the upper part of the borehole. A vertical threaded track hole is formed on the base block, and a vertical threaded steel column is threadedly connected to the vertical threaded track hole. A pressure block is connected to the bottom of the vertical threaded steel column via an elastic device. The pressure block is located above the high-energy gas module inside the borehole. The elastic device includes a spring, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the vertical threaded steel column. A prismatic force transmission block is connected to the bottom of the spring. The force transmission block has symmetrically arranged curved pressure blocks on both sides. When the force transmission block moves downwards, it can push the pressure blocks outwards until they are fixed to the inner wall of the borehole. The bottom dimension of the force transmission block is larger than the top dimension. When it descends, it squeezes the pressure block, so that the pressure can be transmitted to the lower symmetrical pressure block. The pressure of the upper part is converted into the horizontal pressure of the pressure block and the friction of the side wall, so that the pressure block can be tightly combined with the inner wall of the borehole. The base block is provided with two sets of transverse threaded track holes. Each set of transverse threaded track holes includes two coaxial threaded through holes. A transverse threaded steel column is inserted in each threaded through hole. A clamping mechanism is fixedly provided at one end of the transverse threaded steel column near the borehole. After the two clamping mechanisms in the same set abut, they can fix and clamp the electrode wire connected to the metal wire.

2. The rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-energy gas module includes a pressure vessel for storing high-energy liquefied gas. A switch valve is connected to the top of the pressure vessel, and a pressure gauge is provided at the switch valve. The pressure vessel can be placed inside the borehole, and the metal wire is disposed inside the pressure vessel.

3. The rock-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure vessel is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The rock-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure vessel has a through hole on its side wall. The two ends of the metal wire pass through the through hole and are connected to the electrode wire. The through hole is fixed and sealed to the metal wire with industrial adhesive.

5. The rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal wire is made of copper, aluminum, tungsten, or iron.

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