Variable angle tunnel face drilling mechanism and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of underground engineering, and particularly relates to a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism and a construction method thereof, which comprises a pushing beam, a sliding base and a rock drill, the sliding base is capable of moving relative to the length direction of the pushing beam, and the rock drill is arranged on the sliding base; further comprising a connecting drill rod, a universal joint coupling structure and an extension drill rod which are connected in sequence, the universal joint coupling structure is arranged on the sliding base, the rock drill is capable of driving the connecting drill rod to rotate, the connecting drill rod drives the extension drill rod to rotate through the universal joint coupling structure; the universal joint coupling structure is capable of adjusting the radial interval of the extension drill rod relative to the connecting drill rod, the radial interval of the extension drill rod relative to the connecting drill rod is adjusted according to the thickness of the primary support, the extension drill rod is closely attached to the side wall of the tunnel surrounding rock for drilling construction, the drilling inclination angle of the extension drill rod in the peripheral hole of the face is reduced, and then the overbreak height is reduced, thereby effectively solving the problem of excessively large external insertion angle under the condition of primary support restriction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering technology, and in particular to a tunnel face drilling mechanism with a variable angle and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In mine-method tunnel blasting, the rock drilling rig and drill rod are connected in a straight line. Due to the initial support being close to the tunnel face, the outward angle of the peripheral boreholes is excessively large, which is a significant cause of tunnel over-excavation. A common method to control the blasting effect is to use a "long-short borehole" layout, but this not only increases drilling workload and causes misalignment between long and short boreholes, but also has limited effectiveness. The smooth blasting effect of the tunnel directly affects the safety, cost, and schedule of the project. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of tunnel over-excavation caused by excessive outward angles of the peripheral boreholes under the constraints of initial support, leading to increased construction costs and threats to construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that the external insertion angle of the peripheral boreholes is too large due to the initial support being too close to the tunnel face, by providing a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism and its construction method.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism includes a propulsion beam, a sliding base, and a rock drilling rig. The sliding base is movable relative to the length direction of the propulsion beam, and the rock drilling rig is mounted on the sliding base.

[0006] It also includes a connecting drill rod, a universal joint coupling structure, and an extension drill rod connected in sequence. The universal joint coupling structure is mounted on the sliding base. The rock drilling machine can drive the connecting drill rod to rotate, and the connecting drill rod drives the extension drill rod to rotate through the universal joint coupling structure.

[0007] The universal joint coupling structure can adjust the radial spacing of the extension drill pipe relative to the connecting drill pipe.

[0008] This application describes a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism, comprising a propulsion beam, a sliding base, and a rock drilling rig. It also includes a connecting drill rod, a universal joint coupling structure, and an extension drill rod connected in sequence. The universal joint coupling structure is mounted on the sliding base. The rock drilling rig can drive the connecting drill rod to rotate, and the connecting drill rod drives the extension drill rod to rotate via the universal joint coupling structure. This allows the rock drilling rig to drive the extension drill rod to rotate, enabling peripheral drilling at the tunnel face. Simultaneously, the rock drilling rig and the universal joint coupling structure are mounted on the sliding base, which can move relative to the length of the propulsion beam. During drilling, the sliding base moves closer to the tunnel face along the length of the propulsion beam to provide a thrust force for drilling. Furthermore, the universal joint coupling structure can adjust the extension drill rod relative to the connecting drill rod. The radial spacing of the drill rods is adjusted during construction based on the thickness of the initial support. This allows the extended drill rods to be drilled close to the tunnel's surrounding rock sidewall, enabling drilling even under initial support constraints. It also reduces the borehole inclination angle of the extended drill rods at the tunnel face perimeter, thereby minimizing over-excavation and effectively addressing the problem of excessive outward angles under initial support limitations. Conversely, when drilling auxiliary holes and cut holes, the radial spacing between the connecting and extended drill rods is reduced, ensuring they are aligned. This improves drilling efficiency, enhances excavation quality, reduces concrete waste and impact on the surrounding rock, ultimately saving project costs and improving construction safety.

[0009] Preferably, the universal joint coupling structure includes a first transmission rod and a second transmission rod arranged in sequence, the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod are connected by a second universal joint, a first universal joint is provided at the end of the first transmission rod away from the second transmission rod, and a third universal joint is provided at the end of the second transmission rod away from the first transmission rod;

[0010] The first universal joint is used to connect with the connecting drill rod, and the third universal joint is used to connect with the extension drill rod. The connecting drill rod drives the extension drill rod to rotate through the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod.

[0011] The torque is transmitted from the connecting drill pipe to the extension drill pipe through a combination of universal joints and drive rods, thus achieving non-linear torque transmission.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a telescopic rod capable of lifting the second transmission rod, and the universal joint coupling structure is configured such that when the telescopic rod lifts the second transmission rod, the second transmission rod is horizontal and the first universal joint is inclined, so that the universal joint coupling forms a zigzag shape.

[0013] The second transmission rod is lifted by a telescopic rod, making it horizontal and the first transmission rod inclined, and the universal joint coupling structure is made into a zigzag shape. This creates a radial gap between the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod connected to both sides of the universal joint coupling structure. Furthermore, by adjusting the lifting height of the telescopic rod, the radial gap between the extension drill rod and the connecting drill rod can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the drilling angle of the extension drill rod on the working face.

[0014] Preferably, a first bushing is fitted on the outer side of the second transmission rod, and the top of the telescopic rod is hinged to the first bushing;

[0015] The sliding base is provided with a sliding groove, and the bottom of the telescopic rod is provided with a sliding platform. The sliding platform is located in the sliding groove and can move in the sliding groove.

[0016] By sleeved a first bushing on the outside of the second transmission rod and hinged the top of the telescopic rod to the first bushing, the telescopic rod drives the first bushing to rise and fall, thereby causing the second transmission rod to rise and fall accordingly, thus achieving the effect of lifting the second transmission rod.

[0017] By providing a sliding groove on the sliding base and placing the sliding platform at the bottom of the telescopic rod inside the sliding groove, the sliding platform can move within the sliding groove. Thus, when the telescopic rod lifts the second transmission rod, the second transmission rod will move closer to the first transmission rod due to the zigzag shape formed by the universal joint coupling. The sliding platform can move within the sliding groove so that the telescopic rod can move together with the second transmission rod to accommodate the displacement of the second transmission rod during the zigzag shape formation of the universal joint coupling.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a winch and steel strand, the winch being disposed on the sliding base and located in front of the telescopic rod;

[0019] One end of the steel strand is connected to the top of the winch, and the other end of the steel strand passes sequentially around the top of the telescopic rod and the top of the sliding platform, and is wound around the winch.

[0020] After the universal joint coupling forms a zigzag shape, when it is necessary to reduce the radial gap between the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod, the steel strand is retrieved by rotating the winch. When the steel strand is retrieved, it causes the top of the telescopic rod to press down and the sliding platform to move closer to the winch, thereby causing the telescopic rod to retract and the second transmission rod to descend, so as to reduce the radial gap between the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod.

[0021] Preferably, it includes a fixed lifting device, which is located at the end of the push beam away from the sliding base;

[0022] The fixed lifting device includes a lifting rod, a fixed lifting platform, and a first sleeve. The first sleeve is fitted onto the end of the extended drill rod away from the universal joint coupling structure. The top of the lifting rod is connected to the first sleeve. The lifting rod is mounted on the fixed lifting platform and can rise or fall relative to the fixed lifting platform.

[0023] When the universal joint coupling forms a zigzag shape, the lifting rod rises relative to the fixed lifting platform to accommodate the increase in the radial distance between the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod, causing the extension drill rod to rise as a whole. At the same time, the first sleeve is fitted onto the extension drill rod, and the top of the lifting rod is connected to the first sleeve, thus facilitating the lifting rod to support the extension drill rod.

[0024] Preferably, it further includes a fixed base, on which a second sleeve is provided, and the connecting drill rod passes through the second sleeve and is connected to the first universal joint.

[0025] Preferably, the sliding base is equipped with a drilling rig pedestal, and the rock drilling rig is mounted on the drilling rig pedestal.

[0026] Preferably, the propulsion beam is provided with side guide rails on both sides, and the side of the sliding base is slidably engaged with the side guide rails.

[0027] This application also discloses a construction method for a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism. Using the variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism described in this application, the method further includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Drive the rock drilling rig to the tunnel face and park it at a suitable distance from the face.

[0029] Step 2: Drive the propulsion beam close to the working face using the robotic arm, adjust the universal joint coupling structure to make the extension drill rod and the connecting drill rod be on the same straight line, start the rock drilling machine, and first carry out drilling construction on the auxiliary hole and the cut hole;

[0030] Step 3: After completing the construction of the auxiliary eye and the slotting eye, lower the robotic arm appropriately, operate the telescopic rod to raise the extension drill rod, and at the same time move the sliding platform backward so that the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod have a radial gap, and keep the extension drill rod horizontal and perpendicular to the working face;

[0031] Step 4: Based on the distance between the initial support and the tunnel face, raise the robotic arm, continue to adjust the telescopic rod and the sliding platform until the extended drill rod extends into the gap between the initial support and the tunnel face, closely adhering to the sidewall of the tunnel surrounding rock, and start the rock drilling machine to drill the surrounding holes.

[0032] The construction method of the variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism described in this application, when drilling peripheral holes in actual construction, adjusts the radial distance between the extension drill rod and the connecting drill rod so that the extension drill rod can be drilled close to the sidewall of the surrounding rock, thereby effectively solving the problem of excessive external angle under the constraints of initial support; when drilling auxiliary holes and slot holes, the radial distance between the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod is reduced so that the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod are on the same straight line to improve drilling efficiency. Ultimately, through the use of this invention, the excavation quality is improved, the excessive consumption of concrete and the impact on the surrounding rock are reduced, thereby effectively saving project costs and improving construction safety.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. A variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism as described in this application includes a propulsion beam, a sliding base, and a rock drilling rig. It also includes a connecting drill rod, a universal joint coupling structure, and an extension drill rod connected in sequence. The universal joint coupling structure is mounted on the sliding base. The rock drilling rig can drive the connecting drill rod to rotate, and the connecting drill rod drives the extension drill rod to rotate via the universal joint coupling structure. This allows the rock drilling rig to drive the extension drill rod to rotate, enabling peripheral drilling at the tunnel face. Simultaneously, the rock drilling rig and the universal joint coupling structure are mounted on the sliding base, which can move relative to the length of the propulsion beam. During drilling, the sliding base moves closer to the tunnel face along the length of the propulsion beam to provide a thrust force for drilling. Furthermore, the universal joint coupling structure can adjust the extension drill rod relative to the tunnel face. The radial spacing of the connecting drill rods is adjusted during construction based on the thickness of the initial support. This allows the extending drill rods to drill close to the tunnel's surrounding rock sidewall, enabling drilling even under initial support constraints. It also reduces the borehole inclination angle of the extending drill rods at the tunnel face perimeter, thereby minimizing over-excavation and effectively addressing the problem of excessive outward angles under initial support limitations. Conversely, when drilling auxiliary holes and cut holes, the radial spacing between the connecting and extending drill rods is reduced, ensuring they are aligned. This improves drilling efficiency, enhances excavation quality, reduces concrete waste and impact on the surrounding rock, ultimately saving project costs and improving construction safety.

[0035] 2. The construction method of the variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism described in this application, when drilling peripheral holes in actual construction, adjusts the radial distance between the extension drill rod and the connecting drill rod so that the extension drill rod can be drilled close to the sidewall of the surrounding rock, thereby effectively solving the problem of excessive external angle under the constraints of initial support; when drilling auxiliary holes and slot holes, the radial distance between the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod is reduced so that the connecting drill rod and the extension drill rod are on the same straight line to improve drilling efficiency. Ultimately, through the use of this invention, the excavation quality is improved, the excessive consumption of concrete and the impact on the surrounding rock are reduced, thereby effectively saving project costs and improving construction safety. Attached image description:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling pattern for the peripheral eye in this application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling auxiliary eye and slotting eye patterns of this application.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the universal joint coupling structure and the connecting drill pipe and extension drill pipe.

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A.

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Top view.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a universal joint coupling structure.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the universal joint coupling structure.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of traditional drilling equipment operation.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling mechanism in this application.

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the extended drill pipe structure.

[0047] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of peripheral holes, auxiliary holes and slotting holes on the working face.

[0048] In the diagram, the markings are: 1-mechanical arm, 2-propulsion beam, 21-side guide rail, 3-sliding base, 31-sliding groove, 4-fixed platform, 5-drill rig platform, 6-rock drilling rig, 7-connecting drill rod, 8-universal joint coupling structure, 81-first universal joint, 82-second universal joint, 83-third universal joint, 84-first transmission rod, 85-second transmission rod, 86-first bushing, 801-spherical cover, 802-cage, 803-steel ball, 804-star sleeve, 805-sealing sleeve, 806-rotating shaft, 10-extension drill rod, 1 01-First section rod, 102-Intermediate rod, 103-Drill bit, 104-Drill rod groove, 105-Drill rod boss, 11-Telescopic rod, 12-Sliding platform, 13-Fixed lifting device, 131-Lifting rod, 132-Fixed lifting platform, 133-First casing, 14-Windlass, 15-Steel strand, 17-Trolley body, 20-Peripheral eye, 30-Auxiliary eye, 40-Cutting eye, 50-Tunnel, 510-Surrounding rock sidewall, 60-Working face, 70-Initial support, 80-Designed excavation outline, 90-Traditional drilling equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0051] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0052] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," "third," etc. in terminology is merely for distinguishing identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0053] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0054] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the variable angle tunnel face drilling mechanism described in this embodiment includes a propulsion beam 2, a sliding base 3 and a rock drilling machine 6. The sliding base 3 can move relative to the length direction of the propulsion beam 2, and the rock drilling machine 6 is mounted on the sliding base 3.

[0057] It also includes a connecting drill rod 7, a universal joint coupling structure 8 and an extension drill rod 10 connected in sequence. The universal joint coupling structure 8 is set on the sliding base 3. The rock drilling machine 6 can drive the connecting drill rod 7 to rotate. The connecting drill rod 7 drives the extension drill rod 10 to rotate through the universal joint coupling structure 8.

[0058] The universal joint coupling structure 8 can adjust the radial spacing between the extended drill pipe 10 and the connecting drill pipe 7.

[0059] The rock drilling rig 6 can drive the connecting drill rod 7 to rotate. The connecting drill rod 7 drives the extension drill rod 10 to rotate via the universal joint coupling structure 8, thereby enabling the rock drilling rig 6 to drive the extension drill rod 10 to rotate for drilling peripheral holes 20 on the face 60. Simultaneously, the rock drilling rig 6 and the universal joint coupling structure 8 are mounted on a sliding base 3. The sliding base 3 can move relative to the length of the propulsion beam 2. During drilling, the sliding base 3 moves closer to the face 60 along the length of the propulsion beam 2 to provide the thrust force for drilling. Furthermore, the universal joint coupling structure 8 can adjust the radial spacing of the extension drill rod 10 relative to the connecting drill rod 7. During construction, the radial spacing of the extension drill rod 10 relative to the connecting drill rod 7 is adjusted according to the thickness of the initial support 70. This allows the extended drill rod 10 to be drilled close to the surrounding rock sidewall 510 of the tunnel 50, enabling drilling under the constraints of the initial support 70. It also reduces the borehole inclination angle of the extended drill rod 10 around the face 60, thereby reducing over-excavation height and effectively solving the problem of excessive external angle under the constraints of the initial support 70. When drilling the auxiliary holes 30 and the slotting holes 40, the radial spacing between the connecting drill rod 7 and the extended drill rod 10 is reduced, ensuring they are on the same straight line. This improves drilling efficiency, enhances excavation quality, reduces excessive concrete consumption and impact on the surrounding rock, and ultimately saves project costs and improves construction safety.

[0060] A preferred method, such as Figure 4 , Figure 7 As shown, the universal joint coupling structure 8 includes a first universal joint 81, a second universal joint 82 and a third universal joint 83 arranged in sequence. The first universal joint 81 is connected to the second universal joint 82 through a first transmission rod 84, and the second universal joint 82 is connected to the third universal joint 83 through a second transmission rod 85.

[0061] The first universal joint 81 is used to connect to the connecting drill rod 7, and the third universal joint 83 is used to connect to the extension drill rod 10. The connecting drill rod 7 drives the extension drill rod 10 to rotate through the first transmission rod 84 and the second transmission rod 85.

[0062] The torque is transmitted from the connecting drill pipe 7 to the extension drill pipe 10 through a combination of universal joints and drive rods, achieving non-linear torque transmission. The first drive rod 84 and the second drive rod 85 are connected by a second universal joint 82, which transmits torque from the first drive rod 84 to the second drive rod 85. The universal joint provides a flexible connection between the first drive rod 84 and the second drive rod 85, allowing them to move freely in angular directions. The rods 85 can have a certain angle change. Furthermore, the first universal joint 81 is used to connect with the connecting drill rod 7, and the third universal joint 83 is used to connect with the extension drill rod 10. That is, the first transmission rod 84 is connected to the connecting drill rod 7 through the first universal joint 81, and the second transmission rod 85 is connected to the extension drill rod 10 through the third universal joint 83. When the angle between the first transmission rod 84 and the second transmission rod 85 changes, the connecting drill rod 7 and the extension drill rod 10 can be kept horizontal through the first universal joint 81 and the third universal joint 83.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, the first universal joint 81 includes a spherical cover 801, a retainer 802, a steel ball 803, a star-shaped sleeve 804, a sealing sleeve 805, and a rotating shaft 806. The star-shaped sleeve 804 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 806. A strip-shaped groove is formed on the star-shaped sleeve 804. The steel ball 803 is then installed in the groove of the star-shaped sleeve 804. The star-shaped sleeve 804 is then installed on the retainer 802, fixing the steel ball 803 to the star-shaped sleeve 804 via the retainer 802. Simultaneously, a strip-shaped hole is provided on the retainer 802, through which part of the steel ball 803 passes. The hole is located outside the retainer 802, and then the spherical cover 801 is installed on the star sleeve 804. The inside of the spherical cover 801 is also provided with a strip groove that matches the steel ball 803. The part of the steel ball 803 that passes through the retainer 802 is located in the strip groove of the spherical cover 801. The sealing sleeve 805 is connected to the opening of the spherical cover 801 to seal the spherical cover 801. The end of the spherical cover 801 away from the rotating shaft 806 is used to connect the first transmission rod 84, and the end of the rotating shaft 806 away from the spherical cover 801 is used to connect the connecting drill rod 7.

[0064] like Figure 8As shown, the second universal joint 82 includes a spherical cover 801, a retainer 802, a steel ball 803, a star-shaped sleeve 804, and a sealing sleeve 805. The star-shaped sleeve 804 is installed at one end of the second transmission rod 85. A strip-shaped groove is provided on the star-shaped sleeve 804. The steel ball 803 is then installed in the groove of the star-shaped sleeve 804. The star-shaped sleeve 804 is then installed on the retainer 802, thus fixing the steel ball 803 to the star-shaped sleeve 804 via the retainer 802. Simultaneously, a strip-shaped groove is provided on the retainer 802. A shaped hole is formed, with a portion of the steel ball 803 passing through the shaped hole and located outside the retainer 802. Then, the spherical cover 801 is installed on the star-shaped sleeve 804. The inside of the spherical cover 801 is also provided with a spherical groove that matches the steel ball 803. The portion of the steel ball 803 that passes through the retainer 802 is located in the spherical groove of the spherical cover 801. The sealing sleeve 805 is connected to the opening of the spherical cover 801 to seal the spherical cover 801. The other end of the second transmission rod 85 is connected to the third universal joint 83.

[0065] like Figure 8 As shown, the third universal joint 83 includes a spherical cover 801, a retainer 802, a steel ball 803, a star-shaped sleeve 804, and a sealing sleeve 805. The star-shaped sleeve 804 is installed at the end of the second drive rod 85 furthest from the second universal joint 82. A strip-shaped groove is provided on the star-shaped sleeve 804. The steel ball 803 is then installed in the groove of the star-shaped sleeve 804. The star-shaped sleeve 804 is then installed on the retainer 802, fixing the steel ball 803 to the star-shaped sleeve 804 via the retainer 802. Simultaneously, a strip-shaped hole is provided on the retainer 802. The steel ball 803 passes through the strip hole and is located outside the retainer 802. Then the spherical cover 801 is installed on the star sleeve 804. The inside of the spherical cover 801 is also provided with a strip groove that matches the steel ball 803. The part of the steel ball 803 that passes through the retainer 802 is located in the strip groove of the spherical cover 801. The sealing sleeve 805 is connected to the opening of the spherical cover 801 to seal the spherical cover 801. The end of the spherical cover 801 of the third universal joint 83 away from the second drive rod 85 is used to connect the extension drill rod 10.

[0066] A preferred method, such as Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a telescopic rod 11, which can lift the second transmission rod 85. The universal joint coupling structure 8 is configured such that when the telescopic rod 11 lifts the second transmission rod 85, the second transmission rod 85 is horizontal and the first transmission rod 84 is inclined, so that the universal joint coupling structure 8 forms a broken line shape.

[0067] The second transmission rod 85 is lifted by the telescopic rod 11, making the second transmission rod 85 horizontal and the first transmission rod 84 inclined, so that the universal joint coupling structure 8 is in a zigzag shape, thereby creating a radial gap between the connecting drill rod 7 and the extension drill rod 10 connected on both sides of the universal joint coupling structure 8. Furthermore, by adjusting the lifting height of the telescopic rod 11, the radial gap between the extension drill rod 10 and the connecting drill rod 7 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the drilling angle of the extension drill rod 10 on the working face 60 to drill the peripheral eye 20.

[0068] In a preferred manner, when drilling the auxiliary hole 30 and the slot hole 40, the radial distance between the extension drill rod 10 and the connecting drill rod 7 is reduced by contracting the telescopic rod 11 until the extension drill rod 10 and the connecting drill rod 7 are on the same straight line, so as to improve drilling efficiency.

[0069] A preferred method, such as Figure 4 As shown, a first bushing 86 is sleeved on the outer side of the second transmission rod 85, and the top of the telescopic rod 11 is hinged to the first bushing 86.

[0070] The sliding base 3 is provided with a sliding groove 31, and the bottom of the telescopic rod 11 is provided with a sliding platform 12. The sliding platform 12 is located in the sliding groove 31 and can move in the sliding groove 31.

[0071] By sleeved a first bushing 86 on the outside of the second transmission rod 85 and hinged the top of the telescopic rod 11 to the first bushing 86, the telescopic rod 11 drives the first bushing 86 to rise and fall, thereby causing the second transmission rod 85 to rise and fall accordingly, thus achieving the effect of lifting the second transmission rod 85.

[0072] By providing a sliding groove 31 on the sliding base 3 and placing the sliding platform 12 at the bottom of the telescopic rod 11 in the sliding groove 31, the sliding platform 12 can move in the sliding groove 31. Thus, when the telescopic rod 11 lifts the second transmission rod 85, the second transmission rod 85 will move closer to the first transmission rod 84 due to the formation of the zigzag shape of the universal joint coupling structure 8. The sliding platform 12 can move in the sliding groove 31 so that the telescopic rod 11 can move together with the second transmission rod 85 to adapt to the displacement of the second transmission rod 85 during the formation of the zigzag shape of the universal joint coupling structure 8.

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, a sliding groove 31 is provided on the sliding base 3 along the length direction of the push beam 2. The long side of the sliding groove 31 is in the same direction as the length of the push beam 2. The sliding platform 12 moves along the length direction of the push beam 2 in the sliding groove 31.

[0074] A preferred method, such as Figure 4As shown, it also includes a winch 14 and a steel strand 15. The winch 14 is mounted on the sliding base 3 and is located in front of the telescopic rod 11.

[0075] One end of the steel strand 15 is connected to the top of the winch 14, and the other end of the steel strand 15 passes around the top of the telescopic rod 11 and the top of the sliding platform 12 in sequence, and is wound around the winch 14.

[0076] After the universal joint coupling structure 8 forms a zigzag shape, when it is necessary to reduce the radial gap between the connecting drill rod 7 and the extension drill rod 10, the steel strand 15 is retracted by rotating the winch 14. When the steel strand 15 is retracted, it drives the top of the telescopic rod 11 to press down and drives the sliding platform 12 to move closer to the winch 14, thereby causing the telescopic rod 11 to retract, and the second transmission rod 85 to descend, so as to reduce the radial gap between the connecting drill rod 7 and the extension drill rod 10.

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a fixed lifting device 13, which is located at the end of the push beam 2 away from the sliding base 3;

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the fixed lifting device 13 includes a lifting rod 131, a fixed lifting platform 132, and a first sleeve 133. The first sleeve 133 is fitted onto the end of the extended drill rod 10 away from the universal joint coupling structure 8. The top of the lifting rod 131 is connected to the first sleeve 133. The lifting rod 131 is installed on the fixed lifting platform 132, and the lifting rod 131 can rise or fall relative to the fixed lifting platform 132.

[0079] When the universal joint coupling structure 8 forms a zigzag shape, the lifting rod 131 rises relative to the fixed lifting platform 132 to accommodate the increase in the radial distance between the connecting drill rod 7 and the extension drill rod 10, so that the extension drill rod 10 rises as a whole. At the same time, the first sleeve 133 is fitted onto the extension drill rod, and the top of the lifting rod 131 is connected to the first sleeve 133, so that the lifting rod 131 can support the extension drill rod 10.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the first casing 133 is a casing with a smooth inner wall. During the process of the first casing 133 rising or falling, the extension drill rod 10 will also move backward or forward along its length direction. The smooth inner wall of the first casing 133 can accommodate the forward or backward movement of the extension drill rod 10.

[0081] Another preferred method is, for example Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a fixed base 4, on which a second sleeve is provided. The connecting drill rod 7 passes through the second sleeve and is connected to the first universal joint 81.

[0082] A preferred method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the sliding base 3 is equipped with a drilling rig pedestal 5, and the rock drilling rig 6 is installed on the drilling rig pedestal 5.

[0083] A preferred method, such as Figure 6 As shown, the two sides of the propulsion beam 2 are provided with side guide rails 21, and the side of the sliding base 3 is slidably engaged with the side guide rails 21.

[0084] The side guide rail 21 is arranged along the length of the push beam 2. The sliding base 3 can move relative to the length of the push beam 2 by sliding the side of the side guide rail 21.

[0085] A preferred method, such as Figure 11 As shown, the extension drill rod 10 includes a first section 101 and several intermediate sections 102, meaning the extension drill rod 10 is a segmented drill rod. The extension drill rod 10 is composed of a first section 101 and several intermediate sections 102. One end of the first section 101 is equipped with a drill bit 103 for drilling, and the other end is equipped with a drill rod groove 104. One end of each intermediate section 102 is equipped with a drill rod boss 105, and the other end is equipped with a drill rod groove 104. During assembly of the extension drill rod 10, the drill rod boss 105 of the intermediate section 102 is inserted into the drill rod groove 104 of the first section 101, and then the drill rod boss 105 is fixed to the drill rod groove using a pin. Within section 104, the intermediate rod 102 is connected to the first section rod 101. When connecting the intermediate rods 102, the drill rod boss 105 of one intermediate rod 102 is inserted into the drill rod groove 104 of another intermediate rod 102, thereby achieving the connection between the intermediate rods 102. By continuously adding new intermediate rods 102, the length of the extension drill rod 10 is increased. In actual construction, when the extension drill rod 10 enters the soil behind the working face 60 for drilling, the length of the extension drill rod 10 is increased during the drilling process by continuously adding new intermediate rods 102 outside the soil, thereby ensuring that deeper holes can be constructed to meet design requirements and improve blasting effect.

[0086] like Figure 9 As shown, in conventional construction, after the initial support 70 is installed in tunnel 50, the initial support 70 is relatively close to the tunnel face 60. When drilling the peripheral holes 20, the propulsion beam of the traditional drilling equipment 90 is difficult to place between the initial support 70 and the tunnel face 60. This prevents the drill rod from drilling the peripheral holes 20 at the designed outward angle on the designed excavation outline 80. Consequently, the bottom of the peripheral holes 20 deviates significantly from the tunnel design outline 80, resulting in an excessively large outward angle. This can lead to over-excavation of the tunnel after blasting. Figure 9The first borehole external insertion angle a1 is too large, resulting in a large first over-excavation height h1, which leads to a large over-excavation area after the explosive charge is blasted. The range of the first borehole external insertion angle a1 is 6° to 10°, and the range of the first over-excavation height h1 is 37 to 62 cm.

[0087] In this application, during the drilling of the peripheral eye 20, the advance beam 2 is positioned close to the initial support 70 of the tunnel 50, and the universal joint coupling structure 8 is located between the initial support 70 and the tunnel face 60. Figure 10 During construction, the radial spacing between the extension drill rod 10 and the connecting drill rod 7 is adjusted according to the thickness of the initial support 70, so that the extension drill rod 10 is tightly attached to the surrounding rock sidewall 510 of the tunnel 50 for drilling. Compared with traditional drilling equipment, such as Figure 10 As shown, a smaller inclination angle a2 is formed in the second borehole, resulting in a smaller second over-drilling height h. 2， The range of the second borehole outer insertion angle a2 is 3° to 5°, and the range of the second over-excavation height h2 is 16 to 26 cm. This can reduce the impact of blasting excavation on the stability of the surrounding rock and improve construction safety.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the construction method of the variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism described in this embodiment, using the variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism described in Embodiment 1, further includes the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: Drive the rock drilling rig to the working face 60 of Tunnel 100 and park it at a suitable distance from the working face 60.

[0091] Step 2: Drive the propulsion beam 2 close to the working face 60 by the robotic arm 1, and adjust the universal joint coupling structure 8 to make the extension drill rod 10 and the connecting drill rod 7 on the same straight line. Start the rock drilling machine 6 and first carry out drilling construction on the auxiliary hole 30 and the slot hole 40.

[0092] Step 3: After completing the construction of auxiliary eye 30 and slotting eye 40, lower the robotic arm 1 appropriately, operate the telescopic rod 11 to raise the extension drill rod 10, and at the same time move the sliding platform 12 backward so that the connecting drill rod 7 and the extension drill rod 10 have a radial gap, and keep the extension drill rod 10 horizontal and perpendicular to the working face 60.

[0093] Step 4: Based on the distance between the initial support 70 and the tunnel face 60, raise the robotic arm 1, continue to adjust the telescopic rod 11 and the sliding platform 12 until the extended drill rod 10 extends into the gap between the initial support 70 and the tunnel face 60, closely adhering to the side wall of the tunnel 100, and start the rock drilling machine 6 to drill the peripheral holes 20.

[0094] In a preferred manner, after each peripheral eye 20 is drilled, the extension drill rod 10 should be lowered first, and then the robotic arm 1 should be retracted, so as to prevent the extension drill rod 10 from touching the initial support 70 behind.

[0095] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism, characterized in that, A variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism is used, the drilling mechanism includes a propulsion beam (2), a sliding base (3) and a rock drilling machine (6), the sliding base (3) is movable relative to the length direction of the propulsion beam (2), and the rock drilling machine (6) is mounted on the sliding base (3); It also includes a connecting drill rod (7), a universal joint coupling structure (8) and an extension drill rod (10) connected in sequence. The universal joint coupling structure (8) is mounted on the sliding base (3). The rock drilling machine (6) can drive the connecting drill rod (7) to rotate. The connecting drill rod (7) drives the extension drill rod (10) to rotate through the universal joint coupling structure (8). The universal joint coupling structure (8) can adjust the radial spacing of the extension drill rod (10) relative to the connecting drill rod (7); The universal joint coupling structure (8) is provided with a first transmission rod (84) and a second transmission rod (85). The first transmission rod (84) and the second transmission rod (85) are connected by a second universal joint (82). A first universal joint (81) is provided at the end of the first transmission rod (84) away from the second transmission rod (85), and a third universal joint (83) is provided at the end of the second transmission rod (85) away from the first transmission rod (84). The first universal joint (81) is used to connect with the connecting drill rod (7), and the third universal joint (83) is used to connect with the extension drill rod (10). The connecting drill rod (7) drives the extension drill rod (10) to rotate through the first transmission rod (84) and the second transmission rod (85). It also includes a telescopic rod (11) that can lift the second transmission rod (85). The universal joint coupling structure (8) is configured such that when the telescopic rod (11) lifts the second transmission rod (85), the second transmission rod (85) is horizontal and the first transmission rod (84) is inclined, so that the universal joint coupling structure (8) forms a zigzag shape. It also includes the following steps: Step 1: Drive the rock drilling rig to the working face (60) of the tunnel (100) and stop at a suitable distance from the working face (60); Step 2: Drive the propulsion beam (2) close to the working face (60) by the mechanical arm (1), and adjust the universal joint coupling structure (8) so that the extension drill rod (10) and the connecting drill rod (7) are on the same straight line. Start the rock drilling machine (6) and first drill the auxiliary hole (30) and the slot hole (40). Step 3: After completing the construction of the auxiliary eye (30) and the slotting eye (40), lower the robotic arm (1) appropriately, operate the telescopic rod (11) to raise the extension drill rod (10), and at the same time move the sliding platform (12) backward so that the connecting drill rod (7) and the extension drill rod (10) have a radial gap, and keep the extension drill rod (10) horizontal and perpendicular to the face (60). Step 4: Based on the distance between the initial support (70) and the tunnel face (60), raise the robotic arm (1), continue to adjust the telescopic rod (11) and the sliding platform (12) until the extended drill rod (10) extends into the gap between the initial support (70) and the tunnel face (60), closely adhering to the side wall of the tunnel (100), and start the rock drilling machine (6) to drill the peripheral holes (20).

2. The construction method of the variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second transmission rod (85) is fitted with a first bushing (86) on its outer side, and the top of the telescopic rod (11) is hinged to the first bushing (86); The sliding base (3) is provided with a sliding groove (31), and the bottom of the telescopic rod (11) is provided with a sliding platform (12). The sliding platform (12) is located in the sliding groove (31), and the sliding platform (12) can move in the sliding groove (31).

3. The construction method of a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a winch (14) and steel strand (15), the winch (14) being disposed on the sliding base (3) and the winch (14) being located in front of the telescopic rod (11); One end of the steel strand (15) is connected to the top of the winch (14), and the other end of the steel strand (15) passes around the top of the telescopic rod (11) and the top of the sliding platform (12) in sequence, and is wound around the winch (14).

4. The construction method of a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed lifting device (13), which is located at the end of the push beam (2) away from the sliding base (3); The fixed lifting device (13) includes a lifting rod (131), a fixed lifting platform (132), and a first sleeve (133). The first sleeve (133) is sleeved on the end of the extension drill rod (10) away from the universal joint coupling structure (8). The top of the lifting rod (131) is connected to the first sleeve (133). The lifting rod (131) is installed on the fixed lifting platform (132), and the lifting rod (131) can rise or fall relative to the fixed lifting platform (132).

5. The construction method of a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed base (4), on which a second sleeve is provided, and the connecting drill rod (7) passes through the second sleeve and is connected to the first universal joint (81).

6. The construction method of a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding base (3) is equipped with a drilling rig pedestal (5), and the rock drilling rig (6) is installed on the drilling rig pedestal (5).

7. The construction method of a variable-angle tunnel face drilling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion beam (2) is provided with side guide rails (21) on both sides, and the side of the sliding base (3) slides in cooperation with the side guide rails (21).

Images