A lung model system that simulates the process of human respiration

Abstract

The application provides a lung model system simulating human respiratory process, which comprises a gas exchange component, a lung model body, a base, a transmission mechanism, a control module and a display screen. The gas exchange component is communicated with the lung model body, the bottom of the lung model body is fixedly provided with the base, the transmission mechanism is connected to a piston in the lung model body, an electric partition is arranged in the lung model body, the control module and the display screen are installed on the lung model body, and oxygen concentration sensors and carbon dioxide concentration sensors are installed in the base and communicated with the lung model body. The application draws in and removes air through the transmission mechanism, the gas exchange component changes the gas composition, the gas enters the carbon dioxide concentration sensors and the oxygen concentration sensors for detection, the detection results and the expected target are transmitted to the display screen for display through the control module, the simulation situation can be understood in time, and more effective calibration parameters are provided for a cardiopulmonary function testing instrument.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of respiratory simulation technology, specifically to a lung model system that simulates the human respiratory process. Background Technology

[0002] The cardiopulmonary system is the main system in the human body responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide, and is essential for maintaining life. The primary function of the lungs is to achieve gas exchange through respiration, that is, inhaling oxygen-rich air, which is then transported by the heart through the circulatory system to all parts of the body for exchange, collecting carbon dioxide and metabolic waste, and returning to the lungs for excretion. The strength of cardiopulmonary function directly affects the body's oxygen supply and carbon dioxide emission capacity, and is one of the important indicators for assessing an individual's health status. Weak cardiopulmonary function can lead to a decline in the function of various systems in the body, affecting quality of life and even causing serious health problems. When conducting training or developing training plans, cardiopulmonary exercise testing equipment is also needed to test the user's cardiopulmonary function. However, these devices generally only use mixed gas cylinders, using air flow rate and gas composition for equipment calibration, which limits the accuracy of cardiopulmonary tester calibration. Therefore, a device simulating the breathing process still needs to be developed to provide multiple sets of parameters for equipment calibration and improve the accuracy of the equipment. To this end, a cylinder model system for simulating the human breathing process is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a lung model system that is simple in structure and easy to operate to simulate the human breathing process. It has the advantages of simulating the respiratory rate, tidal volume and metabolic capacity of the human lungs in resting and exercise states, so as to overcome the limitations of existing cardiopulmonary function equipment calibration.

[0004] To achieve the goal of simulating the human breathing process, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A lung model system simulating the human breathing process includes a gas exchange component, a lung model body, a base, a transmission mechanism, a control module, and a display screen. The lung model body is mounted on the base, and two sensors are installed inside the base. The gas exchange component is connected to the upper end of the lung model body. The control module and the display screen are located on one side of the lung model body. The control module is connected to the two sensors inside the base, the display screen is connected to the control module, and the transmission mechanism is connected to the control module.

[0006] The gas exchange component is connected to the lung model body, and a base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lung model body. A control module and a display screen are installed outside the lung model body.

[0007] The gas exchange component consists of an extraction pipe, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe, a nitrogen inlet pipe, an electric extraction valve, an electric carbon dioxide inlet valve, and an electric nitrogen inlet valve.

[0008] An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on one side of the lung model body. The air inlet is connected to an air inlet one-way valve, and the air outlet is connected to an electric valve. A fan blade is fixedly installed inside the lung model body. An electric baffle and a piston are installed inside the lung model body. The electric baffle and the piston are connected by a connecting rod, and a slide rail is installed at the front end of the connecting rod.

[0009] The base contains oxygen concentration sensors and carbon dioxide concentration sensors, both of which are connected to the lung model body via threads.

[0010] The transmission mechanism is controlled by a control module that controls the motor and the lead screw. One end of the lead screw is connected to the motor to realize the rotational motion, and the other end of the lead screw is connected to the piston to convert the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion.

[0011] The piston is pushed to draw in and exhaust air.

[0012] The electric partition is controlled by the control module to slide and brake on the rail to change the volume of the space on the right, simulating changes in humidity.

[0013] The electric baffle is connected to the piston by a connecting rod. When the piston moves, the connecting rod drives the electric baffle to reciprocate.

[0014] The one-way air intake valve allows air to enter in one direction only and must not allow gas to be released outwards to prevent leakage of carbon dioxide or nitrogen gas.

[0015] The electric valve is controlled by the control module to open and close. Excess air is extracted through the suction pipe, carbon dioxide is released into the lung model body through the carbon dioxide inlet pipe, and nitrogen is released into the lung model body through the nitrogen inlet pipe. The fan blades thoroughly mix the gases.

[0016] Oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration sensors are built into the base and communicate with the lung model body to monitor in real time whether the gas in the lung model body reaches the expected composition ratio and display it on the display screen.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a cylinder model system for simulating the human breathing process, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This lung model system, through the setting of a transmission mechanism, piston and one-way air inlet and outlet, allows gas to be drawn into the lung model body through the piston and enter through the one-way air inlet. The electric partition is electrically controlled by the control module to reach the estimated point on the slide rail, realizing the simulation of the breathing process with different tidal volumes and respiratory rates. Tidal volume and respiratory rate are displayed on the display screen, which facilitates timely understanding of respiratory parameters.

[0019] 2. This lung model system connects to an air pump and a gas cylinder via an electric valve to extract excess air and release a specific volume of carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas, which are mixed to simulate the gas exhaled by the human body. The oxygen sensor and carbon dioxide sensor display the gas composition in the simulated tidal air in real time to detect whether the ideal prediction has been achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation system of the present invention in an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the simulation system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation system of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram: Gas exchange component 1, lung model body 2, base 3, transmission mechanism 4, control module 5, display screen 6, suction pipe 11, carbon dioxide inlet pipe 12, nitrogen inlet pipe 13, electric suction valve 14, electric carbon dioxide inlet valve 15, electric nitrogen inlet valve 16, inlet 21, one-way valve 22, outlet 23, electric valve 24, fan blade 25, electric partition 26, slide rail 27, connecting rod 28, piston 29, oxygen concentration sensor 31, carbon dioxide concentration sensor 32, external thread groove 33, internal thread groove 34, transmission screw 41, motor 42. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] See attached document Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the lung model system for simulating the human breathing process in this embodiment of the invention includes a gas exchange component 1, a lung model body 2, a base 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a control module 5, a display screen 6, an air extraction pipe 11, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe 12, a nitrogen inlet pipe 13, an electric air extraction valve 14, an electric carbon dioxide inlet valve 15, an electric nitrogen inlet valve 16, an air inlet 21, a one-way valve 22, an air outlet 23, an electric valve 24, a fan blade 25, an electric partition 26, a slide rail 27, a connecting rod 28, a piston 29, an oxygen concentration sensor 31, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 32, an external thread groove 33, an internal thread groove 34, a transmission screw 41, and a motor 42.

[0026] The gas exchange component 1 is connected to the lung model body 2. The bottom of the lung model body 2 is fixedly equipped with a base 3. The lung model body 2 is equipped with a control module 5 and a display screen 6.

[0027] The gas exchange component 1 consists of an extraction pipe 11, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe 12, a nitrogen inlet pipe 13, an electric extraction valve 14, an electric carbon dioxide inlet valve 15, and an electric nitrogen inlet valve 16.

[0028] An air inlet 21 and an air outlet 23 are provided on one side of the lung model body 2. The air inlet 21 is connected to an air inlet one-way valve 22, and the air outlet 23 is connected to an electric valve 24. A fan blade 25 is fixedly installed inside the lung model body 2. An electric partition 26 and a piston 29 are provided inside the lung model body 2. The electric partition 26 and the piston 29 are connected by a connecting rod 28. A slide rail 27 is installed at the front end of the connecting rod 28.

[0029] The base 3 is equipped with an oxygen concentration sensor 31 and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 32. Both the oxygen concentration sensor 31 and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 32 are connected to the lung model body 2 by threads.

[0030] The transmission structure 4 consists of a transmission lead screw 41 and a motor 42.

[0031] See Figure 3 The electric exhaust valve 14, electric carbon dioxide inlet valve 15, electric nitrogen inlet valve 16, electric valve 24, electric partition 26, display screen and motor 42 are electrically connected to the output terminal of control module 5, and the output terminals of oxygen concentration sensor 31 and carbon dioxide concentration sensor 32 are electrically connected to the input terminal of control module 5.

[0032] The working principle and usage process of this invention are as follows: During use, basic parameters are estimated based on the simulated human height, weight, age, and gender. These parameters, including respiratory rate and tidal volume, change as the human body transitions from rest to activity. Control module 5 controls the electric valve 26 to move and brake on the slide rail 27, ensuring that the volume of the right side of the lung model body represents the tidal volume of one breath. Subsequently, control module 5 controls motor 42, which drives transmission screw 41, causing piston 29 to draw in and expel air according to the estimated human respiratory rate and tidal volume, undergoing preset changes with movement. Piston 29 is connected to electric baffle 26 via connecting rod 28; therefore, the actual volume of air drawn in and expelled each time is the right side volume. During the suction process, gas enters the lung model body 2 through the air inlet 21 equipped with a one-way valve 22. The gas is continuously mixed by the fan blades 25. The control unit calculates the required component proportions in the exhaled gas and controls the electric suction valve 14 to open, removing excess air. It also controls the electric carbon dioxide intake valve 15 and the electric nitrogen intake valve 16 to introduce carbon dioxide and nitrogen respectively to mix the target gas. Oxygen concentration sensor 31 and carbon dioxide concentration sensor 32 continuously measure the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the mixed gas, and these concentrations are displayed in real-time on the display screen 6 along with the target concentrations. Gas mixing and cylinder intake are synchronized. After intake and mixing are completed, the piston movement discharges the gas from the outlet 23. At this time, the electric valve 24 is energized and opened by the control module 5, completing the gas discharge. This completes one full breathing simulation. The above content and technical effects correspond to each other; that is, the effects described above can be achieved through the process description.

[0033] In summary, this cylinder model system for simulating the human breathing process has the ability to simulate the changes in tidal volume and respiratory rate of the human body under resting and exercise conditions, and can simulate the oxygen and carbon dioxide components in each exhaled gas, providing a wider calibration range for cardiopulmonary function testing instruments and solving the limitation of general calibration relying solely on air parameters.

Claims

1. A lung model system simulating the human breathing process, comprising a gas exchange component (1), a lung model body (2), a base (3), a transmission mechanism (4), a control module (5), and a display screen (6), characterized in that: A lung model body (2) is set on the base (3). Two sensors are set inside the base. The upper end of the lung model body (2) is connected to the gas exchange component (1). The control module (5) and the display screen (6) are set on one side of the lung model body (2). The control module (5) is connected to the two sensors inside the base respectively. The display screen (6) is connected to the control module (5). The transmission mechanism (4) is connected to the control module (5). An air inlet (21) and an air outlet (23) are set on the right side of the lung model body (2). An air inlet one-way valve (22) is installed on the right side of the air inlet (21). An electric valve (24) is installed on the right side of the air outlet (23). A fan blade (25) is fixed inside the lung model body (2). A slide rail (27) is fixed to the bottom of the lung model body (2) and connected to the connecting rod (28). An electric partition (26) is installed on the slide rail (27). The other end of the connecting rod (28) is connected to the piston (29).

2. The lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas exchange component (1) consists of a suction pipe (11), a carbon dioxide inlet pipe (12), a nitrogen inlet pipe (13), an electric suction valve (14), an electric carbon dioxide inlet valve (15), and an electric nitrogen inlet valve (16). The suction pipe (11) is connected to the electric suction valve (14), the carbon dioxide inlet pipe (12) is connected to the electric carbon dioxide inlet valve (15), and the nitrogen inlet pipe (13) is connected to the electric nitrogen inlet valve (16).

3. The lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 1, characterized in that, An oxygen concentration sensor (31) and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor (32) are respectively installed inside the base (3).

4. The lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (4) consists of a transmission screw (41) and a motor (42). One end of the transmission screw (41) is connected to the motor (42), and the other end of the transmission screw (41) is connected to the piston (29).

5. A lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lung model body (2) simulates the human lung and is divided into tidal volume and other lung volume parts by an electric septum (26).

6. A lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston (29) is a pull-out piston, and the piston movement is controlled by the control module (5), the drive motor (42) and the transmission screw (41) to simulate the human breathing process.

7. A lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric suction valve (14) is connected to a suction pipe (11) to extract excess air. An electric carbon dioxide intake valve (15) is connected to a carbon dioxide intake pipe (12). An electric nitrogen intake valve (16) is connected to a nitrogen intake pipe (13) to replenish carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas. In the lung model body (2), the gas is mixed by a fan blade (25) to form exhaled gas, simulating the metabolic process of human respiration.

8. A lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (3) is a hollow structure. The top of the oxygen concentration sensor (31) and the carbon dioxide sensor (32) are provided with external thread grooves (33), and the bottom of the lung model body (2) is provided with an internal thread groove (34) that matches the external thread groove (33) on the top of the sensor.

9. The lung model system for simulating the human respiratory process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output of the control module (5) is electrically connected to the electric suction valve (14), the electric carbon dioxide inlet valve (15), the electric nitrogen inlet valve (16), the electric valve (24), the electric partition (26), the display screen (6), and the motor (42). The input of the control module (5) is electrically connected to the output of the oxygen concentration sensor (31) and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor (32).

Images