A low-profile single-feed circularly polarized wide-beam shaped spaceborne antenna and satellite

Abstract

The present invention aims to provide a low-profile, single-fed, circularly polarized, wide-beamforming spaceborne antenna and a satellite. The spaceborne antenna includes a base plate, a high-frequency dielectric substrate, a radiating patch, and a first metal stub. The radiating patch includes a central patch and peripheral patches, with the peripheral patches surrounding the outer periphery of the central patch. A first gap is formed between the central patch and the peripheral patches. The peripheral patches are divided by at least six second gaps, wherein the width of the first gap is 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the width of the second gap is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. This spaceborne antenna features an extremely low profile, simple feeding, and the ability to achieve wide beamforming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite-to-ground telemetry and control antennas used in satellite internet communication, and particularly to a low-profile single-feed circularly polarized wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna and satellite. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the significant reduction in the mass production and launch costs of satellites has fueled research into low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication constellations, with high-capacity satellite internet applications ("one rocket, multiple satellites") becoming a key area of ​​international technological competition. Compared to traditional single satellites, high-capacity satellite internet constellation systems are more complex, placing higher demands on onboard antennas. First, the miniaturization of satellites and the extreme constraints on space resources such as satellite size, weight, and power consumption have severely limited the envelope size of onboard antennas, making the need for miniaturization and lightweighting increasingly urgent. Second, the ground-shaping capabilities and wide-latitude coverage of LEO satellites place high-gain, wide-beamforming performance requirements on antennas. Finally, to further reduce antenna cost, power consumption, and size, the antenna feed network must be simplified as much as possible to facilitate mass production.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a beamforming antenna to ensure compatibility with today's satellite internet communication and telemetry applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-profile, single-fed, circularly polarized, wide-beam-forming spaceborne antenna with an extremely low profile, simple feeding, and the ability to achieve wide beamforming.

[0005] A low-profile, single-feed, circularly polarized, wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna for the aforementioned purpose, comprising:

[0006] The base plate is made of copper.

[0007] A high-frequency dielectric substrate is disposed on the base plate;

[0008] A radiating patch is disposed on the high-frequency dielectric substrate, wherein the high-frequency dielectric substrate, in a connected state, is sandwiched between the radiating patch and the base plate. The radiating patch includes:

[0009] The center patch is located at the center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate;

[0010] The peripheral patch is disposed around the outer periphery of the central patch, and a first gap is formed between the central patch and the peripheral patch. The peripheral patch is divided by at least six second gaps, which are spaced along the outer periphery of the central patch and enable the radial patch to be axially symmetrical.

[0011] The first metal branch is configured to correspond one-to-one with the divided outer patches, connecting each divided outer patch with the central patch;

[0012] The high-frequency dielectric substrate has metal vias, and the radiating patch is connected to an external conductor of an external excitation coaxial line through the metal vias. The width of the first gap is 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the width of the second gap is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the central patch is circular and the peripheral patch is a ring surrounding the outer periphery of the central patch;

[0014] The center patch and the outer patch have their centers coincide, and are located at the geometric center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate, respectively.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, the second gap is 12, and the outer perimeter patch is divided into six first outer perimeter patches, three second outer perimeter patches, and three third outer perimeter patches by the second gap;

[0016] The first peripheral patch is disposed between two adjacent second peripheral patches and the third peripheral patch. The first peripheral patch is rectangular in shape, and the second peripheral patch and the third peripheral patch are fan-shaped.

[0017] In one or more embodiments, along the circumference of the peripheral patch, the second peripheral patch and the third peripheral patch each have two straight sides, the included angle between the two straight sides of the second peripheral patch is 40 degrees, and the included angle between the two straight sides of the third peripheral patch is 60 degrees.

[0018] In one or more embodiments, the third peripheral patch further has a second metal branch extending radially outward toward the peripheral patch.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, the first peripheral patch has two straight sides along the circumference of the peripheral patch, and the width between the two straight sides of the second peripheral patch is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, the high-frequency dielectric substrate is made of a radiation-resistant material.

[0021] In one or more embodiments, the inner wall of the metal via is provided with a copper metal layer.

[0022] In one or more embodiments, the radiating patch is connected to an outer conductor coaxial with an external excitation by welding, and the metal via provides a channel for the solder to pass through.

[0023] On the other hand, according to some embodiments of this application, a satellite is also provided, which includes the low-profile single-feed circularly polarized wide beamforming spaceborne antenna as described above.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1) The two circularly polarized orthogonal tangents of this wide beamforming antenna have good pattern symmetry and can widen the beam by 3dB to more than 115 degrees, meeting the wide beamforming requirements of satellite communication and telemetry.

[0026] 2) This wide beamforming antenna adopts a metasurface microstrip structure, which can utilize multi-mode fusion and achieve wide beamforming through mode pattern control, breaking through the bottleneck of narrow beam and difficulty in beamforming of conventional microstrip single antennas, and increasing the beamwidth by 64%.

[0027] 3) This wide beamforming antenna has extremely low profile characteristics. Compared with conventional helical antennas in the same frequency band, the profile is reduced by nearly 95%, making it very suitable for high volume ratio micro-nano satellite internet applications with strict constraints on envelope and space resources.

[0028] 4) This wide beamforming antenna adopts a single-layer, single-fed metasurface antenna structure, which is simple in structure, low in cost, and can effectively reduce the risk of antenna failure in the alternating high and low temperature environment of spaceborne antennas, thus meeting the high reliability requirements of spaceborne antennas.

[0029] 5) This wide-beamformed metasurface antenna has lower power consumption, volume and cost than array-shaped antenna schemes; at the same time, in high-frequency antenna measurement and control applications in the X-band and above, the lateral dimension of the metasurface antenna is larger than that of a single microstrip patch antenna in the same frequency band, effectively reducing the impact of star obstruction on antenna performance.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a beamforming antenna according to some embodiments of this application is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 A top view schematic diagram of a beamforming antenna according to some embodiments of this application is shown;

[0034] Figure 3 A side view of a beamforming antenna according to some embodiments of this application is shown;

[0035] Figure 4 Simulated standing wave ratio (SWR) curves of beamforming antennas according to some embodiments of this application are shown.

[0036] Figure 5 Simulated axial ratio-frequency plots of beamforming antennas according to some embodiments of this application are shown;

[0037] Figure 6 A simulated 8 GHz gain pattern of a beamforming antenna according to some embodiments of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0040] Currently, the main type of satellite-borne antenna used in satellite communication and telemetry is the helical antenna, which is simple in structure, stable in performance, and has the characteristics of wide circular polarization angle and easy beamforming. However, the envelope size of helical antennas is huge. Currently, the profile height of helical antennas in the X-band is more than 0.8 wavelengths, which can no longer meet the requirements of high volume ratio satellite internet applications. Microstrip antennas, with their extremely low profile characteristics, are the primary choice for satellite-borne antennas of small satellites with severely limited envelope and space resources. It is still difficult to achieve wide beamforming using conventional single microstrip antennas. The 3dB beamwidth is around 60-70 degrees. Using microstrip antenna arrays can achieve wide beamforming (3dB gain beamwidth of more than 90 degrees), but the power consumption is high, the cost is high, and the size is large. By modifying the structure of conventional microstrip patch antennas, a two-dimensional metamaterial antenna, namely a metasurface antenna, can be constructed from a planar sub-unit structure in a specific arrangement. Using multi-mode fusion technology, the antenna radiation pattern can be controlled, thereby achieving the requirement of wide beamforming. However, existing metasurface antennas, due to gaps between sub-unit structures, mostly employ gap-coupled feeding to ensure effective circular polarization radiation. This necessitates a multi-layered antenna structure, which places high demands on manufacturing processes. Furthermore, in spaceborne environments with alternating high and low temperatures (typically ±90 degrees Celsius), there is a significant risk of delamination failure due to the inconsistent thermal expansion coefficients of the multi-layered radiating medium and the intermediate bonding layer. The applicant's research has revealed that providing a beamforming antenna with a novel configuration can solve the aforementioned problems in the existing technology.

[0041] To address the problems existing in current antennas, on the one hand, according to some embodiments of this application, a beamforming antenna is provided that can achieve extremely low profile, simple feeding, and wide beamforming.

[0042] like Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a beamforming antenna according to some embodiments of this application is shown. Figure 2 A top view schematic diagram of a beamforming antenna according to some embodiments of this application is shown. Figure 3 A side view of a beamforming antenna according to some embodiments of this application is shown.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The beamforming antenna includes a base plate 1, a high-frequency dielectric substrate 2, and a radiating patch 3. The base plate 1 is made of copper, the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2 is mounted on the base plate 1, and the radiating patch 3 is mounted on the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2. Figure 3 As shown, the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2 in the connected state is sandwiched between the radiating patch 3 and the base plate 1.

[0044] Please see details. Figure 2The radiating patch 3 includes a central patch 31 and peripheral patches 32. The central patch 31 is positioned on the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2 at its center. This can be understood as the central patch 31 being located at the center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2, which is the orthographic projection seen along the thickness direction of the beamforming antenna. Figure 2 In this configuration, the geometric center of the central patch 31 is aligned with the geometric center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2. The peripheral patches 32 are arranged around the outer periphery of the central patch 31. A first gap 30 is formed between the central patch 31 and the peripheral patches 32. The peripheral patches 32 are divided by at least six second gaps 33, which are spaced along the outer periphery of the central patch 31 and enable the radiating patch to be axially symmetric, i.e., the orthographic projection seen along the thickness direction of the beamforming antenna. Figure 2 In the design, the outer patch 32, divided by the second slot 33, is axially symmetrical, thus making the overall radiating patch axially symmetrical. Specifically, the second slots 33 are arranged at orderly intervals along the outer periphery of the central patch 31, meaning the angle between adjacent second slots 33 varies in an orderly manner. For example, the angles between adjacent second slots 33 are 15°, 15°, 15°… or 15°, 30°, 15°, 30°… etc. It is sufficient that the outer patch 32 divided by the second slot 33 remains axially symmetrical. This ensures good pattern symmetry of the two circularly polarized orthogonal tangents of the wide-beamformed antenna, and a slow gain decrease during large-angle scanning of the antenna array. There is also a first metal branch 34 between the center patch 31 and the outer patch 32. Since the outer patch 32 is divided into multiple pieces by the second gap 33, each outer patch 32 is provided with a first metal branch 34 in a corresponding manner. The first metal branch 34 connects each divided outer patch 32 with the center patch 31.

[0045] In this design, a metal via 20 is provided in the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2. The radiating patch 3 is connected to the outer conductor 4 of the external excitation coaxial line through the metal via 20, for example, in SMA coaxial excitation feeding. The width of the first gap 30 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the width of the second gap 33 is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. It can be understood that the width of the first gap 30 is the width of the first gap 30 in the direction from the central patch 31 to the outer patch 32, while the width of the second gap 33 is the width of the second gap 33 in the circumferential direction of the outer patch 32.

[0046] The beamforming antenna with the aforementioned configuration is a wide beamforming antenna, which has the following characteristics compared to existing beamforming antennas:

[0047] 1) The two circularly polarized orthogonal tangents of this wide beamforming antenna have good pattern symmetry and can widen the beam by 3dB to more than 115 degrees, meeting the wide beamforming requirements of satellite communication and telemetry.

[0048] 2) This wide beamforming antenna adopts a metasurface microstrip structure, which can utilize multi-mode fusion and achieve wide beamforming through mode pattern control, breaking through the bottleneck of narrow beam and difficulty in beamforming of conventional microstrip single antennas, and increasing the beamwidth by 64%.

[0049] 3) This wide beamforming antenna has extremely low profile characteristics. Compared with conventional helical antennas in the same frequency band, this wide beamforming antenna has extremely low profile characteristics, with a profile height of 0.05 wavelengths. Compared with conventional helical antennas with a profile height of more than 0.8 wavelengths, the profile is reduced by nearly 95%, which is very suitable for high volume ratio micro-nano satellite Internet applications with strict constraints on envelope and space resources.

[0050] 4) This wide beamforming antenna adopts a single-layer, single-fed metasurface antenna structure, which is simple in structure, low in cost, and can effectively reduce the risk of antenna failure in the alternating high and low temperature environment of spaceborne antennas, thus meeting the high reliability requirements of spaceborne antennas.

[0051] 5) This wide-beamformed metasurface antenna has lower power consumption, volume and cost than array-shaped antenna schemes; at the same time, in high-frequency antenna measurement and control applications in the X-band and above, the lateral dimension of the metasurface antenna is larger than that of a single microstrip patch antenna in the same frequency band, effectively reducing the impact of star obstruction on antenna performance.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0053] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0054] Please see Figure 2In one or more embodiments, the radiating patch 3 has the configuration shown in the figure, wherein the central patch 31 is circular and the peripheral patches 32 are annularly arranged around the outer periphery of the central patch 31, wherein the centers of the central patch 31 and the peripheral patches 32 coincide and are located at the geometric center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2, respectively. Of course, in other embodiments different from those shown in the figure, the configuration of the central patch 31 and / or the peripheral patches 32 can have other suitable variations or changes, for example, the central patch 31 and / or the peripheral patches 32 can be elliptical, polygonal, etc.

[0055] Further, in one or more embodiments, the number of second slits 33 is 12 as shown in the figure. The outer perimeter patch 32 is divided by the second slits 33 into six first outer perimeter patches 321, three second outer perimeter patches 322, and three third outer perimeter patches 323. The first outer perimeter patches 321 are disposed between adjacent second outer perimeter patches 322 and third outer perimeter patches 323, such that the second outer perimeter patches 322 and third outer perimeter patches 323 are arranged alternately. The first outer perimeter patches 321 are roughly rectangular, while the second outer perimeter patches 322 and third outer perimeter patches 323 are roughly fan-shaped. In combination with... Figure 2 It is understandable that a rectangular shape is a figure composed of two opposite curved sides and two opposite, nearly parallel straight sides. A fan-shaped shape is a figure composed of two opposite curved sides and two straight sides with an acute angle between them.

[0056] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, along the circumferential direction of the peripheral patch 32, the second peripheral patch 322 and the third peripheral patch 323 each have two straight side edges, the included angle x1 between the two straight side edges of the second peripheral patch 322 is 40 degrees, and the included angle x2 between the two straight side edges of the third peripheral patch 323 is 60 degrees.

[0057] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the third peripheral patch 323 also has a second metal stub 3231 extending radially outward toward the peripheral patch 32. The addition of the second metal stub 3231 adjusts the circular polarization axial ratio performance of the antenna.

[0058] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, along the circumferential direction of the peripheral patch 32, the first peripheral patch 321 has two straight sides, and the width between the two straight sides of the second peripheral patch 321, that is, the width between the two straight sides of the rectangular shape, is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0059] In one or more embodiments, the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2 is made of a radiation-resistant material, thereby making the beamforming antenna suitable for space scenarios of artificial satellites.

[0060] In one or more embodiments, the inner wall of the metal via 20 is provided with a copper metal layer.

[0061] In one or more embodiments, the radiating patch 3 is connected to an outer conductor coaxial with an external excitation by welding, and a metal via 20 provides a channel for the solder to pass through. In one specific embodiment, the metal via 20 is connected to one of the first peripheral patches 321, which has a connection point 200.

[0062] On the other hand, according to some embodiments of this application, a satellite is also provided, which includes a beamforming antenna as described in one or more of the foregoing embodiments.

[0063] To further demonstrate the advantages of this beamforming antenna configuration, a specific embodiment is described in detail below:

[0064] This embodiment provides an X-band single-fed right-hand circularly polarized metasurface antenna; the specific structure can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 3 The antenna comprises a base plate 1, a high-frequency dielectric substrate 2, and a radiating patch 3. The radiating patch 3 is circular with a radius of 13.5 mm, consisting of a central patch 31 and annular peripheral patches 32. The central patch 31 has a radius of 4.2 mm. The first gap 30 between the central patch 31 and the peripheral patches 32 has a width of 0.8 mm. The peripheral patches 32 are divided by twelve second gaps 33, each 0.3 mm wide, into six alternating, approximately rectangular first peripheral patches 321, three fan-shaped third peripheral patches 323 with an angle of 60 degrees, and three fan-shaped second peripheral patches 322 with an angle of 40 degrees. Each of these is connected to the central patch 31 via identical first metal stubs 34 with a width of 0.5 mm. The width of each first peripheral patch 321 is 2 mm. The three third peripheral patches 323 are each reinforced with a second metal stub 3231, 9.3 mm long and 4 mm wide, to adjust the circular polarization axial ratio of the antenna. The high-frequency dielectric substrate 2 is made of radiation-resistant material with a dielectric constant of 2.5, and has dimensions of 60mm*60mm*2mm. It has an internal metal via 20 with a diameter of 0.3mm connecting the radiating patch 3 and the base plate 1. The connection point 200 between the metal via 20 and the radiating patch 3 is located on the first peripheral patch 321, 9.97mm from the center of the radiating patch 3. The base plate 1 is located on the lower surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 2, and has an opening to avoid copper, which is connected to the external conductor 4 coaxial with the external excitation axis.

[0065] Based on the above design scheme Figures 4 to 6 Provide the corresponding simulation results. Figures 4-6 The simulated standing wave ratio (VSWR), simulated axial ratio-frequency plot, and simulated gain pattern at 8 GHz for this antenna are shown respectively. Figure 4As shown, the right-hand circularly polarized wide-beamformed metasurface antenna employs a single-fed coaxial feed, featuring simple structure, low profile, low power consumption, low cost, and high reliability. It overcomes the limitations of traditional wide-beamformed helical antennas with excessively high profiles and the bottleneck of conventional microstrip single antennas struggling with wide-beamforming. It achieves a VSWR of less than 2.0 and an impedance-to-bandwidth ratio exceeding 10% in the 7.65GHz-8.5GHz frequency band. Meanwhile, as... Figure 5 As shown, an axial ratio of less than 5dB and an axial ratio-to-bandwidth ratio exceeding 9% are achieved in the 7.4GHz-8.15GHz range. Figure 6 It is known that the two orthogonal tangents of the simulated radiation pattern of the antenna at the center frequency of 8 GHz have good symmetry, and the 3dB beamwidths exceed 122 degrees and 115 degrees respectively, making it very suitable for wide-coverage shaped metasurface communication and control applications. Therefore, the low-profile wide-beam-shaped metasurface antenna proposed in this invention can meet the requirements of low-cost, high-integration, wide-coverage, and high-volume-ratio satellite internet communication and control applications for low-profile, wide-beam-shaped, and high-reliability spaceborne antennas.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low-profile, single-fed, circularly polarized, wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna, characterized in that, include: The base plate is made of copper. A high-frequency dielectric substrate is disposed on the base plate; A radiating patch is disposed on the high-frequency dielectric substrate, wherein the high-frequency dielectric substrate, in a connected state, is sandwiched between the radiating patch and the base plate. The radiating patch includes: The center patch is located at the center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate; The peripheral patch is disposed around the outer periphery of the central patch, and a first gap is formed between the central patch and the peripheral patch. The peripheral patch is divided by at least six second gaps, which are spaced along the outer periphery of the central patch and enable the radial patch to be axially symmetrical. The first metal branch is configured to correspond one-to-one with the divided outer patches, connecting each divided outer patch with the central patch; The high-frequency dielectric substrate has metal vias, and the radiating patch is connected to an external conductor coaxial with an external excitation line through the metal vias. The width of the first gap is 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the width of the second gap is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The second gap has 12 slots, and the outer patch is divided into six first outer patches, three second outer patches, and three third outer patches by the second gaps; The first peripheral patch is disposed between two adjacent second peripheral patches and the third peripheral patch. The first peripheral patch is rectangular in shape, and the second peripheral patch and the third peripheral patch are fan-shaped. The third peripheral patch also has a second metal branch that protrudes radially outward toward the peripheral patch.

2. The low-profile single-fed circularly polarized wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central patch is circular, and the outer patch is a ring surrounding the outer periphery of the central patch; The center patch and the outer patch have their centers coincide, and are located at the geometric center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate, respectively.

3. The low-profile single-fed circularly polarized wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the circumference of the outer patches, the second outer patch and the third outer patch each have two straight sides, the included angle between the two straight sides of the second outer patch is 40 degrees, and the included angle between the two straight sides of the third outer patch is 60 degrees.

4. The low-profile single-fed circularly polarized wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the circumference of the outer patch, the first outer patch has two straight sides, and the width between the two straight sides of the second outer patch is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

5. The low-profile single-fed circularly polarized wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency dielectric substrate is made of radiation-resistant material.

6. The low-profile single-fed circularly polarized wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the metal via is provided with a copper metal layer.

7. The low-profile single-fed circularly polarized wide-beamformed spaceborne antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radiating patch is connected to an external conductor coaxial with an external excitation by welding, and the metal via provides a channel for the welding material to pass through.

8. A satellite, characterized in that, Including the low-profile single-feed circularly polarized wide beamforming spaceborne antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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