A laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and numerical control integrated functions

Abstract

A kind of laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and numerical control integration function, including electric box cover, box, side heat exchange plate, bottom heat exchange plate, box cover fixing clamp, box cover switch, sealing indicator light, numerical control instrument, gas collecting bottle, dust collector, stabilized power supply, temperature sensor, air pressure sensor, linear heater, sealing rubber ring, frame, retractable inner wall partition, slide rail, object table and laser head.The present application changes boundary heat exchange condition by changing the number and material of heat exchange plate, without affecting the neatness of experimental environment, heat exchange plate is reusable, reduce cost.Self-sealing can be realized by the thermal expansion of temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve on linear heater.The splashes generated by powder gasification are treated by high-pressure protective gas, and the cover plate on the electric box cover is protected, and the gas collecting bottle enables the high-pressure protective gas to be recycled, reducing cost and reducing laser experiment error.The degree of automation is high by using numerical control integration mode, to ensure the accuracy of experimental results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface processing equipment, and specifically relates to a laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding involves rapid, localized heating and cooling of a part. This creates a high-temperature environment in certain areas, which is prone to oxidation, affecting the quality of the cladding layer. The rapid heating and cooling also leads to a high temperature gradient in the spatial domain, inducing high thermal and residual stresses, ultimately causing cracking. To prevent high-temperature oxidation during laser cladding, a common engineering practice is to design a sealed protective chamber filled with a protective gas. This chamber is then sealed with bolts. However, this method suffers from significant localized stress on the sealing cap, while stress is low in non-bolt-tightened areas, making the seal prone to failure under high-temperature thermal expansion. Currently, an effective way to prevent cladding layer cracking is to alter the heat dissipation rate during the cladding process, thereby changing the temporal and spatial temperature distribution and adjusting the distribution of residual stress to control cracking. Existing devices for altering heat dissipation boundaries mainly utilize reflective films, insulating films, and combinations of various heat exchangers. While these methods can control heat exchange, they suffer from limited effectiveness, such as only providing insulation or only dissipating heat. Furthermore, devices for precisely controlling different heat exchange methods are relatively expensive to manufacture. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can apply uniform force to the sealed area and change the heat dissipation environment during the experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by the present invention includes an electric cover, a housing, side heat exchange plates, a bottom heat exchange plate, a cover fixing clamp, a cover switch, a sealing indicator light, a CNC instrument, a gas collecting bottle, a dust collector, a regulated power supply, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a linear heater, a sealing ring, a frame, a retractable inner wall partition, a slide rail, a platform, and a laser head; wherein, the housing is composed of a bottom frame and four side frames, wherein the upper part of two opposing side frames... Each side has an air inlet and an air outlet. A cross-shaped slide rail is located at the upper end of the bottom frame. Multiple slots are formed along the length of the inner sides of the front and rear sides of the bottom frame, and on the bottom and bottom surfaces of each side frame. Multiple bottom heat exchange plates are inserted into a pair of corresponding slots on the front and rear sides of the bottom frame. Multiple side heat exchange plates are inserted into a pair of corresponding slots on the top and bottom surfaces of each side frame. A retractable inner wall partition with a U-shaped structure is located inside the housing. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different unit.) The lower end of the platform is movably mounted on a cross-shaped slide rail, while the upper end is used to place the test piece to be processed. The electric cover is slidably mounted at the upper port of the chamber, consisting of a cover plate and a frame located on the outer edge of the cover plate. The sealing ring is a hollow structure, sandwiched between the edge of the cover plate and the frame. The linear heater is installed inside the sealing ring, including a temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve and a thermistor wire located inside the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve. The dust collector is mounted on the side frame of the chamber, located outside the air outlet. The gas collection bottle is connected to the dust collector through an exhaust pipe. The temperature sensing element on the temperature sensor is fixed to the outside of the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve. The air pressure sensor is located inside the chamber. Multiple cover fixing clips are provided on the upper edge of the chamber. The laser head on the laser is located above the electric cover. The front end of the chamber is equipped with a cover switch, a sealing indicator light, and a CNC machine, and the CNC machine is electrically connected to the electric cover, cover switch, sealing indicator light, temperature sensor, air pressure sensor, and linear heater. A regulated power supply is used to power all electrical components on this laser cladding device.

[0005] The enclosure is made of nickel-chromium alloy.

[0006] The gas collecting bottle has a detachable segmented structure, consisting of upper and lower sections. The upper section is filled with hydraulic oil with adjustable pressure, while the lower section is empty.

[0007] The cover plate of the electric control box is made of quartz glass, and the frame is made of metal.

[0008] The laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] It is easy to operate and has a simple structure. The boundary heat exchange conditions can be modified by changing the number and material of the heat exchange plates without affecting the cleanliness of the experimental environment. Furthermore, the heat exchange plates are reusable, thus reducing costs. Self-sealing is achieved through the thermal expansion of the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve on the linear heater. The chamber is made of nickel-chromium alloy, which has advantages such as high hardness and high melting point, increasing the lifespan of the device while meeting experimental requirements. High-pressure protective gas is used to handle the splashes generated by powder vaporization, thus protecting the cover plate on the electric chamber. The gas collection bottle design allows for the recycling of the high-pressure protective gas, reducing costs and minimizing errors in laser experiments. The integrated CNC system ensures a high degree of automation and guarantees accurate experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal structure of the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 The main view of the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 The left view shows the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] like Figures 1-4As shown, the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by the present invention includes an electric cover 1, a box body 2, a side heat exchange plate 3, a bottom heat exchange plate 4, a cover fixing clamp 5, a cover switch 6, a sealing indicator light 7, a CNC instrument 8, a gas collecting bottle 9, a dust collector 10, a regulated power supply 11, a temperature sensor 12, a pressure sensor 13, a linear heater 14, a sealing ring 15, a frame 16, a retractable inner wall partition 17, a slide rail 18, a stage 19, and a laser head 22; wherein, the box body 2 is composed of a bottom frame and four side frames, wherein two opposite side frames... The upper edge of the top frame has an air inlet 21 and an air outlet, and the upper end of the bottom frame has a cross-shaped slide rail 18. Multiple slots are formed along the length of the inner sides of the front and rear edges of the bottom frame, and the upper bottom and lower top surfaces of each side frame. Multiple bottom heat exchange plates 4 are inserted into a pair of corresponding slots on the front and rear edges of the bottom frame. Multiple side heat exchange plates 3 are inserted into a pair of corresponding slots on the upper and lower edges of each side frame. The retractable inner wall partition 17 has a U-shaped structure and is located inside the housing 2. The lower end of the platform 19... The test piece to be processed is placed on the cross-shaped slide rail 18 in a movable manner; the electric cover 1 is slidably set at the upper port of the box body 2, and is composed of a cover plate and a frame 16 set on the outer side of the cover plate edge; the sealing ring 15 is a hollow structure, sandwiched between the edge of the cover plate and the frame 16; the linear heater 14 is installed inside the sealing ring 15, including a temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve and a thermistor wire set inside the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve; the dust collector 10 is installed on the side frame of the box body 2 at the position outside the air outlet; the gas collection bottle 9 is connected to the dust collector 10 through the exhaust pipe. The temperature sensor 12 is connected to the outside of the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve; the pressure sensor 13 is set inside the housing 2; multiple cover fixing clips 5 are provided on the upper edge of the housing 2; the laser head 22 on the laser is located above the electric cover 1; the front end of the housing 2 is provided with a cover switch 6, a sealing indicator light 7 and a CNC instrument 8, and the CNC instrument 8 is electrically connected to the electric cover 1, the cover switch 6, the sealing indicator light 7, the temperature sensor 12, the pressure sensor 13 and the linear heater 14 respectively; the regulated power supply 11 is used to supply power to the various electrical components on this laser cladding device.

[0016] The housing 2 is made of nickel-chromium alloy.

[0017] The gas collecting bottle 9 has a detachable segmented structure, divided into upper and lower sections. The upper section is filled with hydraulic oil with adjustable pressure, while the lower section is an empty bottle. The collected protective gas is stored in the empty bottle in the lower section by adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and then compressed to form high-pressure protective gas, thereby realizing the recycling of the protective gas.

[0018] The cover plate of the electric box cover 1 is made of quartz glass, and the frame 16 is made of metal.

[0019] The method of using the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by the present invention is described below:

[0020] When using the laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions provided by this invention to conduct laser cladding experiments, the experimenter first places the specimen to be processed on the stage 19. The position of the specimen can be adjusted by moving the stage 19 on the slide rail 18 to optimize the distance between it and the laser head 22 on the laser. Then, the experimental space is adjusted to a suitable size using the retractable inner wall partition 17. Afterwards, different numbers and materials of side heat exchange plates 3 and bottom heat exchange plates 4 are inserted into the chamber 2 according to the experimental requirements. Then, the chamber cover switch 6 is pressed, and the electric chamber cover 1 is automatically closed under the control of the CNC instrument 8. The electric chamber cover 1 is fixed by the chamber cover fixing clip 5. When the CNC instrument 8 detects that the chamber 2 is sealed, it controls the regulated power supply 11 to supply power to the thermistor wire on the linear heater 14. The temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, and it will expand when heated, thereby applying pressure to the sealing ring 15 and the frame 16, thus achieving a self-sealing effect. Simultaneously, temperature sensor 12 detects the temperature of the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve on the linear heater 14. When the temperature of the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve reaches the preset temperature for sealing the chamber 2, pressure sensor 13 detects the pressure inside the chamber 2. When the preset pressure value is reached, the CNC controller controls the regulated power supply 11 to maintain a constant current, thereby keeping the temperature and expansion degree of the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve unchanged, achieving self-sealing. After the chamber 2 is sealed, the sealing indicator light 7 illuminates. At this time, a laser can be used to perform a laser cladding experiment on the workpiece through the laser head 22 and the cover plate on the electric chamber cover 1. During the laser cladding experiment, high-pressure protective gas is introduced into the interior of the chamber 2 through the air inlet 21, thereby blowing out the splashes caused by powder vaporization from the air outlet using a high-speed airflow and collecting them in the dust collector 10. At the same time, the high-pressure protective gas in the dust collector 10 is collected through the gas collection bottle 9. Additionally, a one-way valve can be installed on the entire high-pressure protective gas inlet and outlet pipeline to ensure that the high-pressure protective gas only enters the chamber 2 from the inlet and exits from the dust collector 10 into the gas collecting bottle 9. After the experiment, let it stand until the processed sample cools to room temperature, turn off the regulated power supply 11, loosen the chamber cover fixing clamp 5, press the chamber cover switch 6 again to open the electric chamber cover 1, and take out the processed sample. Finally, close the gas collecting bottle 9, clean the debris inside the chamber 2, clean the dust collector 10, remove the side heat exchange plate 3 and the bottom heat exchange plate 4, and the experiment is complete.

Claims

1. A laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions, characterized in that: The laser cladding device includes an electric cover (1), a box body (2), a side heat exchange plate (3), a bottom heat exchange plate (4), a cover fixing clamp (5), a cover switch (6), a sealing indicator light (7), a CNC machine (8), a gas collecting bottle (9), a dust collector (10), a regulated power supply (11), a temperature sensor (12), a pressure sensor (13), a linear heater (14), a sealing ring (15), a frame (16), a retractable inner wall partition (17), a slide rail (18), a stage (19), and a laser head (22); wherein, the box body (2) is composed of a bottom frame and four side frames, wherein the upper part of two opposite side frames... The sides are respectively formed with air inlets (21) and air outlets, and a cross-shaped slide rail (18) is provided at the upper end of the bottom frame; multiple slots are formed by recessing the inner sides of the front and rear sides of the bottom frame, the bottom surface of the upper side and the top surface of the lower side of each side frame along their respective length directions; multiple bottom heat exchange plates (4) are respectively inserted into a pair of corresponding slots on the front and rear sides of the bottom frame; multiple side heat exchange plates (3) are respectively inserted into a pair of corresponding slots on the upper and lower sides of each side frame; the retractable inner wall partition (17) is a U-shaped structure and is set inside the box (2); the lower end of the platform (19) is movably set on the cross-shaped slide rail ( 18) The upper end is used to place the test piece to be processed; the electric box cover (1) is slidably set at the upper port of the box body (2), and is composed of a cover plate and a frame (16) set on the outer side of the cover plate edge; the sealing ring (15) is a hollow structure, sandwiched between the edge of the cover plate and the frame (16); the linear heater (14) is installed inside the sealing ring (15), including a temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve and a thermistor wire set in the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve; the dust collector (10) is installed on the side frame of the box body (2) at the part outside the air outlet; the gas collection bottle (9) is connected to the dust collector (10) through the exhaust pipe; the temperature sensor (12) is on The temperature sensing element is fixed on the outside of the temperature-sensitive zinc alloy sleeve; the air pressure sensor (13) is set inside the box (2); multiple box cover fixing clips (5) are provided on the upper edge of the box (2); the laser head (22) on the laser is located above the electric box cover (1); the front end of the box (2) is provided with a box cover switch (6), a sealing indicator light (7) and a CNC instrument (8), and the CNC instrument (8) is electrically connected to the electric box cover (1), the box cover switch (6), the sealing indicator light (7), the temperature sensor (12), the air pressure sensor (13) and the linear heater (14) respectively; the regulated power supply (11) is used to supply power to each electrical component on this laser cladding device.

2. The laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (2) is made of nickel-chromium alloy.

3. The laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collecting bottle (9) is a detachable segmented structure, divided into upper and lower sections. The upper section is filled with hydraulic oil with adjustable pressure, while the lower section is empty.

4. The laser cladding device with thermal expansion self-sealing and CNC integrated functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate of the electric box cover (1) is made of quartz glass, and the frame (16) is made of metal.

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