Bridge drainage structure
By introducing a combination of water collection devices, flow guides, and sedimentation tanks into the bridge drainage structure, the problem of debris blockage is solved, achieving efficient drainage and simplified maintenance, thus improving the bridge's drainage efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU URBAN PLANNING & DESIGN SURVEY RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In existing bridge drainage structures, sand and other debris can easily clog the drainage devices, resulting in low drainage efficiency.
Design a bridge drainage structure including a water collection device, a transverse drainage channel, a longitudinal drainage channel, and a drainage pipe. By combining a flow guide and a sedimentation tank, rainwater is guided into the sedimentation tank to deposit debris, preventing debris from entering the transverse and longitudinal drainage channels and drainage pipes.
It improves bridge drainage efficiency, prevents debris blockage, saves project costs, and simplifies the maintenance process.
Smart Images
Figure CN118390389B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge drainage device technology, and in particular to a bridge drainage structure. Background Technology
[0002] In order to quickly drain water from the bridge surface and prevent rainwater from accumulating on the bridge deck and seeping into the beams, thus affecting the durability of the bridge, drainage structures are usually required in bridge design to reduce water accumulation on the bridge surface and achieve the purpose of waterproofing and drainage.
[0003] One common method for bridge drainage is to collect rainwater from the bridge deck by arranging transverse drainage pipes at intervals of about 5 meters. After collecting rainwater from the bridge deck through the transverse and longitudinal drainage pipes, the rainwater is discharged into the municipal stormwater manhole. In this method, rainwater from the roadway flows directly into the transverse drainage pipes. Sand and other debris enter the transverse drainage pipes along with the rainwater and are easily deposited in the transverse drainage pipes, causing blockages and reducing drainage efficiency.
[0004] Another common bridge drainage method involves creating drainage holes on the piers under the sidewalk. Utilizing the bridge's slope, rainwater is drained to these holes near the outer side of the bridge and then flows into the subsequent municipal stormwater drains. This drainage method lacks a drainage guidance device, resulting in slow rainwater flow. Furthermore, rainwater can carry sand and other debris into the drainage holes, causing blockages and reducing drainage efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bridge drainage structure that effectively solves the problems of sand and other debris accumulating and clogging drainage devices in existing bridge drainage structures, as well as the low drainage efficiency caused by unreasonable drainage structure design.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a bridge drainage structure, wherein the bridge includes a pedestrian walkway and a carriageway, the bottom of the pedestrian walkway is provided on the outer side above the carriageway via piers, and the bridge drainage structure includes a water collection device, a transverse drainage channel, a longitudinal drainage channel, and a drainage pipe arranged and connected in sequence according to the drainage flow direction.
[0007] The water collection device includes a flow guide and a sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank is located inside the pier. The flow guide is located between the sedimentation tank and the driveway. The flow guide includes an inlet channel and a drain channel. The two ends of the inlet channel are connected to the driveway and the sedimentation tank, respectively. One end of the drain channel is connected to the inlet channel, and the other end is connected to a transverse drain channel.
[0008] The transverse drainage channel, longitudinal drainage channel, and drainage pipe are all laid under the sidewalk;
[0009] Rainwater flows through the roadway to the diverter and then into the sedimentation tank through the inlet channel of the diverter. Fixed debris remains in the sedimentation tank. After passing through the sedimentation tank, the rainwater is discharged through the drainage channel of the diverter in sequence through the horizontal drainage channel, the vertical drainage channel and the drainage pipe.
[0010] Furthermore, the flow guide also includes a chamber, with an inlet and an outlet on each side of the chamber in the direction from the roadway to the sidewalk, and a drain outlet on each of the other two opposite sides of the chamber. The inlet and outlet form the water inlet channel, and the drain outlet is connected to the drain channel.
[0011] Furthermore, along the road direction of the bridge, multiple diverters and sedimentation tanks are provided, and the drainage channels between two adjacent diverters are connected.
[0012] Furthermore, the flow guide is partially embedded in the upper part of the sedimentation tank.
[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the sedimentation tank is provided with several protrusions, and the outer wall of the flow guide is provided with several slots that are adapted to the protrusions. The flow guide and the sedimentation tank are connected by the slots and protrusions.
[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal drainage channel is provided with a plurality of drainage holes, which are connected to the drainage pipe.
[0015] Furthermore, the sidewalk has a first slope that slopes downward toward the roadway, and the roadway has a second slope that slopes downward toward the sidewalk, wherein the first slope is less than the second slope.
[0016] Furthermore, the drain pipe includes a drain pipe body and a downpipe body. The drain pipe body is vertically arranged and connected to the longitudinal drainage channel. The downpipe body is connected to the drain pipe body and has several bends at different angles.
[0017] The bridge drainage structure provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0018] This invention provides a bridge drainage structure that, through a water collection device, a transverse drainage ditch, a longitudinal drainage ditch, and a drainage pipe arranged and connected in sequence according to the drainage flow direction, can guide, collect, and discharge accumulated water, resulting in high drainage efficiency. Guided by the inlet and outlet channels in the diverter, rainwater on the bridge flows from the inlet channel into the sedimentation tank. After the sedimentation tank is full, the overflowing rainwater is guided from the outlet channel into the transverse drainage ditch, and then flows into the longitudinal drainage ditch and drainage pipe according to the drainage flow direction for discharge. When rainwater collects in the sedimentation tank, sand and other debris entering the drainage structure along with the rainwater will be deposited in the sedimentation tank, preventing rainwater from directly carrying sand and other debris into the drainage channel, effectively preventing blockage of the transverse, longitudinal, and drainage ditches and drainage pipes. Furthermore, the transverse, longitudinal, and drainage ditches and drainage pipes are all laid under the sidewalk, the sedimentation tank is located inside the pier, and the diverter is located between the sedimentation tank and the roadway, effectively utilizing the original structural space of the bridge and avoiding additional occupation of the bridge's roadway and sidewalk, thus avoiding obstruction of bridge use. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic elevation view of the bridge drainage structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the bridge drainage structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of region A in the middle.
[0022] In the diagram, 10 is the bridge; 100 is the bridge drainage structure; 200 is the sidewalk; 201 is the pier; 300 is the roadway; 1 is the water collection device; 11 is the flow guide; 111 is the water inlet channel; 112 is the drainage channel; 113 is the chamber; 1131 is the water inlet; 1132 is the water outlet; 1133 is the water outlet; 114 is the slot; 12 is the sedimentation tank; 121 is the protrusion; 2 is the transverse drainage channel; 3 is the longitudinal drainage channel; 31 is the drain hole; 4 is the drain pipe; 41 is the drain pipe body; and 42 is the downpipe body. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0024] like Figures 1-3As shown, the bridge 10 in this embodiment of the invention includes a pedestrian walkway 200 and a carriageway 300. The bottom of the pedestrian walkway 200 is located on the outer side above the carriageway 300 via a pier 201. A bridge drainage structure 100 in this embodiment includes: a water collection device 1, a transverse drainage channel 2, a longitudinal drainage channel 3, and a drainage pipe 4, arranged sequentially and connected according to the drainage flow direction. The water collection device 1 includes a flow guide 11 and a sedimentation tank 12. The sedimentation tank 12 is located inside the pier 201. The flow guide 11 is located between the sedimentation tank 12 and the carriageway 300. The flow guide 11 includes an inlet channel 111 and a drainage channel 12. Channel 112, the two ends of the water inlet channel 111 are connected to the roadway 300 and the sedimentation tank 12 respectively, one end of the drainage channel 112 is connected to the water inlet channel 111, and the other end is connected to the transverse drainage ditch 2; the transverse drainage ditch 2, the longitudinal drainage ditch 3, and the drainage pipe 4 are all laid under the sidewalk 200, wherein rainwater flows through the roadway 300 to the guide 11, and flows into the sedimentation tank 12 through the water inlet channel 111 of the guide 11, where fixed debris remains in the sedimentation tank 12, and the rainwater after passing through the sedimentation tank 12 is discharged through the drainage channel 112 of the guide 11 in sequence through the transverse drainage ditch 2, the longitudinal drainage ditch 3, and the drainage pipe 4.
[0025] Based on the above technical solution, a complete drainage path is provided by sequentially setting and connecting the water collection device 1, the horizontal drainage trough 2, the vertical drainage trough 3, and the drainage pipe 4, effectively guiding rainwater out. By specifically setting the guide 11 and the sedimentation tank 12, rainwater is guided into the sedimentation tank 12 through the water inlet channel 111 of the guide 11, achieving the purpose of settling sand and other solid debris in the rainwater, and preventing debris from entering the horizontal drainage trough 2, the vertical drainage trough 3, and the drainage pipe 4 and causing blockage. The guide 11 is provided with a drainage channel 112 at both ends, which is respectively connected to the water inlet channel 111 and the horizontal drainage trough 2. Water overflowing from the sedimentation tank 12 is introduced into the horizontal drainage trough 2 through the drainage channel 112. Without setting up complex structures such as filters, the drainage effect of settling debris before discharge can be achieved, effectively saving engineering costs.
[0026] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the water inlet channel 111 is S1 square meters, the cross-sectional area of the drainage channel 112 is S2 square meters, and the effective volume of the sedimentation tank 12 (referring to the actual volume that can hold rainwater) is V cubic meters, and the following should be satisfied: S1 > S2, 10 * S1 < V < 100 * S1. Thus, the drainage efficiency can be ensured. The larger cross-sectional area of the water inlet channel 111 facilitates the rapid inflow of rainwater into the bridge drainage structure 100 when the rainfall is large or there is a lot of rainwater on the bridge deck, avoiding stagnation on the bridge deck and affecting pedestrians and vehicles. The cross-sectional area of the drainage channel 112 is smaller than that of the water inlet channel 111, which can increase the flow velocity of the rainwater entering the drainage channel 112, improve the drainage efficiency, and achieve the purpose of quickly discharging rainwater. If the effective volume of the sedimentation tank 12 is set too small, it will cause the rainwater to stay in the sedimentation tank 12 for insufficient time, and the lighter debris carried by the rainwater will not have time to settle and will enter the drainage channel 112 together with the rainwater, easily causing blockage of the drainage channel 112 and the transverse drainage groove 2. Moreover, the effective volume of the sedimentation tank 12 should fully consider the situation of heavy rainfall. When the rainfall is large or in the case of extreme rainfall, the flow velocity of the rainwater is large and it is easier to carry debris into it. The effective volume of the sedimentation tank 12 should ensure that the rainwater stays in the sedimentation tank 12 for enough time to settle the debris to ensure the normal use of the bridge drainage structure 100 in special cases. If the effective volume of the sedimentation tank 12 is set too large, on the one hand, it will lead to an increase in the cleaning and maintenance costs. On the other hand, since it is necessary to wait until the sedimentation tank 12 is full of water before the rainwater enters the drainage channel 112 during the drainage process, too large a volume means a longer waiting time, which will reduce the drainage efficiency.
[0027] Furthermore, as Figures 1-3 shown, to guide the rainwater to directly flow towards the sedimentation tank 12, the deflector 11 further includes a chamber 113. On both sides of the chamber 113 in the direction from the carriageway 300 to the sidewalk 200, there are respectively a water inlet 1131 and a water outlet 1132. The water inlet 1131 and the water outlet 1132 form the water inlet channel 111, so that when the rainwater flows to near the pier 201, it enters the chamber 113 from the water inlet 1131 and flows to the sedimentation tank 12 along the chamber 113 via the water outlet 1132. To connect one end of the drainage channel 112 to the water inlet channel 111, drainage ports 1133 are respectively provided on the other two opposite sides of the chamber 113. The drainage ports 1133 are connected to the drainage channel 112, and the water inlet channel 111 formed between the water inlet 1131 and the water outlet 1132 is connected to the drainage channel 112 through the drainage ports 1133 on both sides of the chamber.
[0028] Furthermore, as Figures 1-3As shown, to facilitate the rapid drainage of rainwater from the bridge surface of the bridge 10, multiple guide vanes 11 and sedimentation tanks 12 are installed along the road direction of the bridge 10, and the drainage channels 112 between adjacent guide vanes 11 are connected to fully utilize each guide vane 11. Similarly, multiple transverse drainage channels 2 are also provided in this embodiment, with the drainage channels 112 of adjacent guide vanes 11 connected to allow rainwater to collect and flow into the same transverse drainage channel 2, thereby improving the utilization rate of the transverse drainage channel 2. Furthermore, the transverse drainage channel 2 is designed as a water tank, and its top surface allows for the laying of bridge pipelines without the need for additional structural support. Since the pipelines are located above the top surface, they do not affect the flow of rainwater in the channel and avoid corrosion and damage caused by prolonged contact between the pipelines and rainwater.
[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the sedimentation tank 12 is used for the deposition of sand and other debris in rainwater. This also causes a large amount of sand and other debris to accumulate in the sedimentation tank 12, which needs to be cleaned to prevent the debris from overflowing and affecting drainage or even blocking the water inlet channel 111 and the drainage channel 112. The flow guide 11 is partially embedded in the upper part of the sedimentation tank 12, so that the flow guide 11 can be removed from the sedimentation tank 12 for cleaning.
[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, to prevent the guide 11 from detaching from the sedimentation tank 12 during operation, the guide 11 needs to be fixed to the sedimentation tank 12. Several protrusions 121 are provided on the inner side wall of the sedimentation tank 12, and several slots 114 that are adapted to the protrusions 121 are provided on the outer side wall of the guide 11. The guide 11 and the sedimentation tank 12 are connected by the slots 114 and the protrusions 121, so as to fix the guide 11 to the sedimentation tank 12. The installation and disassembly steps are simple, which is conducive to cleaning debris and maintenance, thereby saving later maintenance costs.
[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in order to connect the longitudinal drainage channel 3 and the drainage pipe 4 and ensure drainage efficiency, the longitudinal drainage channel 3 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 31, and the drainage holes 31 are connected to the drainage pipe 4.
[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, to direct rainwater from the sidewalk 200 towards the bridge drainage structure 100, the sidewalk 200 has a first slope 'a' tilting downwards towards the carriageway 300, allowing rainwater to flow into the carriageway 300 first under the influence of the first slope 'a'. Similarly, the carriageway 300 has a second slope 'b' tilting downwards towards the sidewalk 200, allowing rainwater to flow towards the pier 201 and enter the bridge drainage structure 100 under the influence of the second slope 'b', thereby improving drainage efficiency. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first slope is set to 1%, and the second slope is set to 2%.
[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, since a single pipe cannot flexibly meet the various drainage needs of the bridge, in order for the drainage pipe 4 to have the dual functions of quickly discharging the large amount of rainwater collected in the longitudinal drainage channel 3 and guiding the rainwater to the municipal rainwater manholes on both sides of the bridge or under the bridge, the drainage pipe includes a drain pipe body 41 and a downpipe body 42. The drain pipe body 41 is vertically arranged and connected to the drain hole 31. The downpipe body 42 is connected to the drain pipe body 41 to collect the rainwater in the drain pipe body 41. The downpipe body 42 is provided with several bends at different angles to form a certain drainage slope to discharge the water.
[0034] The working process of this invention is as follows: Rainwater from the sidewalk 200 flows downwards towards the roadway 300 due to the downward slope of the sidewalk 200. Then, under the downward slope of the roadway 300 towards the sidewalk 200, the rainwater converges near the piers 201 of the sidewalk 200. Finally, under the slope of the roadway 300, the rainwater is collected through the inlet channel 111 of the guide vane 11 and flows into the sedimentation tank 12. Sand and other debris are then settled by their own gravity. The rainwater is deposited in the sedimentation tank 12. When the sedimentation tank 12 is full of rainwater, the rainwater overflows from the sedimentation tank 12 and enters the chamber 113 through the outlet 1132. It then enters the drainage channel 112 through the drain outlet 1133, flows through the water flow channel to the transverse drainage channel 2, and then gathers in the longitudinal drainage channel 3. It flows into the drainage pipe 4 through the drain hole 31 of the longitudinal drainage channel 3. It then passes through the drainage pipe 4 to the drain pipe body 41 and the downpipe body 42 in sequence, and finally discharges the rainwater, completing the bridge drainage.
[0035] In summary, this invention provides a bridge drainage structure 100, which forms a complete drainage path by sequentially and interconnecting a water collection device 1, a transverse drainage channel 2, a longitudinal drainage channel 3, and a drainage pipe 4 arranged according to the drainage flow direction. Multiple guide vanes 11 and sedimentation tanks 12 are arranged along the road direction of the bridge 10 to form a large-area water collection device 1, which can quickly drain rainwater from the pedestrian walkway 200 and the carriageway 300 of the bridge 10. Furthermore, the design of the inlet channel 111, drainage channel 112, and chamber 113 of the guide vanes 11 allows them to connect with the sedimentation tanks. After being fitted together, the trough 12 can guide rainwater to flow into the sedimentation tank 12 through the inlet channel 111. After sand and other debris are deposited in the sedimentation tank 12, the rainwater overflows from the sedimentation tank 12 and enters the horizontal drainage trough 2 through the drainage channel 112, and then is discharged through the vertical drainage trough 3 and the drainage pipe 4. This achieves the drainage effect of first depositing debris and then discharging it, effectively preventing sand and other debris from clogging the drainage trough and drainage pipe. In addition, the guide device 11 is connected to the sedimentation tank 12 by setting the protrusion 121 and the slot 114, which facilitates the installation of the guide device 11 and the subsequent cleaning of the sedimentation tank 12.
[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A bridge drainage structure, the bridge comprising a pedestrian walkway and a carriageway, wherein the bottom of the pedestrian walkway is provided on the outer side above the carriageway via piers, characterized in that, The bridge drainage structure includes a water collection device, a transverse drainage channel, a longitudinal drainage channel, and a drainage pipe, which are arranged and connected in sequence according to the drainage flow direction. The water collection device includes a flow guide and a sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank is located inside the pier. The flow guide is located between the sedimentation tank and the driveway. The flow guide includes an inlet channel and a drain channel. The two ends of the inlet channel are connected to the driveway and the sedimentation tank, respectively. One end of the drain channel is connected to the inlet channel, and the other end is connected to a transverse drain channel. The flow guide is partially embedded in the upper part of the sedimentation tank; The flow guide also includes a chamber, on which an inlet and an outlet are respectively provided on both sides of the chamber in the direction from the roadway to the sidewalk, and on the other two opposite sides of the chamber a drain outlet is respectively provided. The inlet and outlet form the water inlet channel, and the drain outlet is connected to the drain channel. The horizontal drainage ditch, the vertical drainage ditch, and the drainage pipe are all laid under the sidewalk; and the horizontal drainage ditch is a water ditch so that its top surface can be used to lay pipelines. Rainwater flows through the roadway to the diverter and then into the sedimentation tank through the inlet channel of the diverter. Fixed debris remains in the sedimentation tank. After passing through the sedimentation tank, the rainwater is discharged through the drainage channel of the diverter in sequence through the horizontal drainage channel, the vertical drainage channel and the drainage pipe.
2. The bridge drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the road direction of the bridge, multiple diverters and sedimentation tanks are provided, and the drainage channels between two adjacent diverters are connected.
3. The bridge drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the sedimentation tank is provided with several protrusions, and the outer wall of the flow guide is provided with several slots that are adapted to the protrusions. The flow guide and the sedimentation tank are connected by the slots and protrusions.
4. The bridge drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal drainage channel has several drainage holes, which are connected to the drainage pipe.
5. The bridge drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewalk has a first slope that slopes downward toward the roadway, and the roadway has a second slope that slopes downward toward the sidewalk, wherein the first slope is less than the second slope.
6. The bridge drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage pipe includes a drain pipe body and a downpipe body; the drain pipe body is vertically arranged and connected to the longitudinal drainage channel; the downpipe body is connected to the drain pipe body and has several bends at different angles.