A visual ring saw under endoscope for spine

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of visual ring saw under endoscope, belong to medical instrument technical field, solve the technical problems that electric ring saw cannot be visualized under endoscope, and need to be disassembled when converting between manual cutting and electric cutting.The visual ring saw of the present application includes head shell, ring saw body, electric unit, manual unit and conversion unit, head shell includes visual through hole, endoscope can be from the visual through hole into the central passage of the ring saw body;Conversion unit includes limiting cavity, first support, second support and conversion key, rotating telescopic structure is arranged between first support and second support, can make ring saw body axial movement, to complete the conversion between electric and manual mode of visual ring saw, so that visual ring saw under endoscope, without disassembly, can be electric and manually operated respectively, reduce the operation steps of physician, improve the efficiency of foramen forming surgery under endoscope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a visual ring saw under spinal endoscopy. Background Technology

[0002] Endoscopic spinal surgery is a common method for treating lumbar disc herniation. During the procedure, a circumferential saw is used to remove the herniated disc. To balance the force and safety of the circumferential cut while minimizing surgeon fatigue, both manual and electric modes are typically used. However, existing electric circumferential saws, because the motor spindle is coaxial with the handle, cannot be used under spinal endoscopy. Furthermore, both manual and electric circumferential cuts require disassembly and reassembly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a visual trephine saw under spinal endoscopy to solve the technical problems that electric trephine saws cannot be used under spinal endoscopy and that disassembly is required when switching between manual cutting and electric cutting.

[0004] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A visual ring saw for spinal endoscopy includes a head housing, a ring saw body, and a power unit. The head housing includes a holding panel and a viewing hole, the viewing hole being formed on the holding panel. The ring saw body includes saw teeth, a ring saw column, and a first limiting part. The axis of the ring saw column coincides with the axis of the viewing hole, allowing the spinal endoscope to pass through the central channel of the ring saw column via the viewing hole. The power unit includes a motor assembly, a driven gear, and a control system. The driven gear is fitted around the outer periphery of the ring saw body, and its shaft hole matches the first limiting part. The control system can drive the motor assembly and transmit electric torque to the ring saw body through the driven gear.

[0006] Furthermore, the ring saw body is located at 1 / 3 of the length of the head shell, and 2 / 3 of the length of the head shell (1) is used for hand gripping.

[0007] Furthermore, the axis between the motor assembly and the driven gear is perpendicular, and the driven gear is a bevel gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the motor in the motor assembly is a reversible motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the control system also includes a first control key and a second control key, and the head housing also includes a control panel, on which both the first control key and the second control key are located.

[0010] Furthermore, the first control key enables the control system to control the motor shaft to rotate 360 ​​degrees.

[0011] Furthermore, the second control key enables the control system to control the motor shaft to rotate back and forth.

[0012] Furthermore, the first limiting part is a protrusion located on the outer wall of the ring saw column, and the inner wall of the driven gear shaft hole is provided with a first driving groove that matches the outer wall of the protrusion.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a manual unit, which includes a second drive groove located on the inner wall of the pressing panel.

[0014] Furthermore, the ring saw body also includes a second limiting part, and the second drive groove matches the second limiting part to transmit manual torque to the ring saw body.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a conversion unit, which enables the ring saw body to move axially, allowing the second limiting part to enter or exit the second drive groove while simultaneously allowing the first limiting part to exit or enter the first drive groove, thereby completing the conversion between manual and electric modes.

[0016] Furthermore, the conversion unit includes a limiting cavity, a first support member, a second support member, and a conversion key. One end of the limiting cavity is fixed, and the first and second support members are located inside the limiting cavity and are movably connected to the limiting cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner wall of the limiting cavity is provided with an axial limiting groove and a circumferential limiting groove. The first support member and the second support member respectively include an axial limiting block and a circumferential limiting block. The axial limiting part can fix the axial position of the first support member in the head shell, and the circumferential limiting part can fix the circumferential position of the second support member in the head shell.

[0018] Furthermore, a matching rotary telescopic structure is provided between the first support member and the second support member, which allows the second support member to slide along the axis direction within the limiting cavity when the first support member rotates around the axis.

[0019] Furthermore, the rotary telescopic structure includes an axial helical tooth structure and a tension spring. The axial helical tooth structure includes a sliding part, a supporting part, and a stopping part. The surface of the sliding part is an axially inclined plane, the surface of the supporting part is a horizontal plane, and the stopping part is a vertical plane.

[0020] Furthermore, the two ends of the tension spring are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure plate and the second support member, respectively.

[0021] Furthermore, the rotary telescopic structure is a circumferential spiral structure, which includes a spiral groove and a spiral slider.

[0022] Furthermore, the conversion key includes a conversion handle, a through groove, and a locking slot. One end of the conversion handle is fixed to the side wall of the first support member. The through groove is located on the side wall of the head housing. The other end of the conversion handle passes through the through groove and is located outside the head housing. The locking slot is located at both ends of the through groove, which can lock and fix the other end of the handle.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The visual ring saw of the present invention can be operated electrically and manually without disassembly by setting a conversion unit, which simplifies the operation steps of doctors and improves the efficiency of spinal endoscopic vertebral perforation surgery.

[0025] (2) The visual ring saw of the present invention, by setting a matching rotary telescopic structure between the first support member and the second support member, can make the limit bearing uniformly stressed, and the ring saw body can be easily moved along the axial direction with one hand or one finger, so as to complete the conversion between electric and manual modes more smoothly.

[0026] (3) The rotating telescopic structure of the visual ring saw of the present invention, by setting axial limiting and circumferential limiting structures, allows the ring saw body to complete axial movement between two fixed positions, electric and manual, without rotation, simply by manipulating the first support member.

[0027] (4) The rotating telescopic structure of the visual ring saw of the present invention, by adopting a mutually cooperating axial helical tooth structure, enables the conversion unit to be stably supported by the support part with a horizontal plane surface in both manual and electric modes. It can withstand a large holding force and is not prone to disengagement or movement during ring cutting, thus improving the stability of the visual ring saw in both functions.

[0028] (5) The rotating telescopic structure of the visual ring saw of the present invention adopts a circumferential spiral structure, which is simple in structure, has fewer parts, and is flexible and easy to control.

[0029] (6) The visual ring saw of the present invention, by setting the visual through hole at 1 / 3 of the length of the pressing panel, is not only easy to hold, but also makes the pressing pressure of the palm close to the axis of the ring saw body, reducing the reverse torque formed by the spine on the ring saw body, making it easier for doctors to press the ring saw to perform circumcision.

[0030] (7) The visual ring saw of the present invention can lock the end of the conversion handle by setting the slots at both ends of the conversion slot, so that the first support member is fixed after the mode conversion is completed, thereby ensuring that the ring saw body works stably in electric mode or manual mode.

[0031] (8) The electric unit of the visual ring saw of the present invention can reduce the height of the head shell by adopting the structure of right angle bevel gear, making it easy to hold, and can also meet the installation requirements of motors of various power.

[0032] (9) The electric unit of the visual ring saw of the present invention uses a reversible motor to enable the ring saw to rotate 360 ​​degrees and reciprocate in both directions, which meets the ring cutting requirements under different conditions and ensures the smoothness and success rate of the vertebral hole formation.

[0033] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the specification or be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from the content specifically pointed out in the text and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the visual ring saw in a specific embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ring saw body structure in a specific embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electric mode in specific embodiment 1;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the manual mode in specific embodiment 1;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the head shell in specific embodiment 1;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first support member in specific embodiment 1;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second support member in specific embodiment 1;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transition key structure in specific embodiment 1;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the electric mode structure of the rotary telescopic structure in specific embodiment 2.

[0044] Figure label:

[0045] 1-Head housing; 11-Visible through hole; 12-Pressure panel; 13-Control panel; 2-Ring saw body; 21-Saw teeth; 22-Ring saw column; 23-First limiting part; 24-Second limiting part; 3-Electric unit; 31-Motor assembly; 311-Motor; 312-Drive gear; 32-Driven gear; 321-First drive slot; 33-Control system; 331-First button; 332-Second button; 34-Power supply; 4-Manual unit; 41-Second drive slot; 5-Conversion unit; 51- Limiting cavity; 511-Axial limiting groove; 512-Circumferential limiting groove; 52-First support member; 521-Axial limiting block; 53-Second support member; 531-Circumferential limiting block; 54-Limiting bearing; 55-Conversion key; 551-Conversion handle; 552-Through groove; 553-Slot; 56-Rotary telescopic structure; 561-Axial helical tooth structure; 5611-Sliding part; 5612-Support part; 5613-Stop part; 562-Tension spring; 5601-Helical groove; 5602-Helical slider. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] A specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, this invention provides a visual ring saw for spinal endoscopy, including a head shell 1, a ring saw body 2, an electric unit 3, a manual unit 4, and a conversion unit 5. One end of the ring saw body 2 is located inside the head shell 1, and the other end is provided with saw teeth 21. The head shell 1 is provided with a through-hole 11, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the ring saw body 2. The spinal endoscope can be inserted into the ring saw body 2 through the through-hole 11, allowing the ring saw to be operated visually. The control conversion unit 5 can switch the visual ring saw between electric and manual modes, allowing the visual ring saw to be operated electrically and manually without disassembly, simplifying the surgeon's operation steps and improving the efficiency of spinal endoscopy foraminotomy.

[0049] Specifically, for ease of hand grip, the head shell 1 is elongated in shape, including a pressure panel 12 that contacts the palm and control panels 13 on both sides, for pressing with the palm during ring cutting so that the saw teeth 21 of the visible ring saw apply pressure to the vertebrae while rotating. A visual through-hole 11 is provided on the holding panel 12. Preferably, the visual through-hole 11 is located at 1 / 3 of the length of the holding panel 12. Since the visual through-hole 11 coincides with the axis of the ring saw body 2, the ring saw body 2 is positioned at 1 / 3 of the length of the head shell 1. When the head shell 1 is held and the circumcision is performed, the spinal endoscope is located at the web of the hand, 1 / 3 of the length of the holding panel 12 is located in front of the web of the hand, and the remaining 2 / 3 of the length of the holding panel 12 is close to the palm. This makes it easy to hold and makes the pressure of the palm close to the axis of the ring saw body 2, reducing the reverse torque formed by the spine on the ring saw body 2, making it easier for doctors to press the ring saw to perform circumcision.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the ring saw body 2 includes saw teeth 21, a ring saw column 22, a first limiting part 23, and a second limiting part 24. The second limiting part 24 and the saw teeth 21 are located at both ends of the ring saw column 22, respectively. The first limiting part 23 and the second limiting part 24 are protrusions located on the outer wall of the ring saw column 22. Both the first limiting part 23 and the second limiting part 24 are installed inside the head housing 1. The first limiting part 23 is located between the second limiting part 24 and the saw teeth 21 and is used to connect the electric unit 3 and bear the rotational torque transmitted by the electric unit 3. The second limiting part 24 is close to the visible through hole 11 and is used to connect the manual unit 4 and bear the rotational torque transmitted by the manual unit 4. Preferably, the first limiting part 23 and the second limiting part 24 each include four protrusions evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring saw column 22.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the electric unit 3 includes a motor assembly 31, a driven gear 32, and a power supply 34. The driven gear 32 is fitted around the outer periphery of the ring saw body 2, and its shaft hole coincides with the axis of the visible through hole 11. The inner wall of the shaft hole of the driven gear 32 is provided with a first drive groove 321, which matches the first limiting part 23 to transmit the rotational torque of the motor to the ring saw body 2. The driven gear 32 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate of the head housing 1 through a bearing. The motor assembly 31 includes a motor 311 and a drive gear 312. The drive gear 312 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 311, and the drive gear 312 meshes with the driven gear 32. The motor 311 and the power supply 34 are located at opposite ends inside the head housing 1 so that the center of gravity of the head housing is close to the axis of the ring saw body.

[0052] It should be noted that the first drive groove 321 cannot be a through groove. It has an upper opening along the axial direction of the driven gear 32 and a support part at the lower end to support the first limiting part 23 and prevent the first limiting part from continuing to move downward out of the driven gear 32.

[0053] Preferably, considering the relatively long axial length of the motor 311, in this embodiment, the shaft of the motor 311 is perpendicular to the axis of the driven gear 32. Simultaneously, the driving gear 312 and the driven gear 32 are bevel gears meshing at right angles. This right-angle bevel gear structure reduces the height of the head housing 1, making it easier to hold. Furthermore, since the space on one side (2 / 3) of the ring saw column 22 inside the head housing 1 is relatively spacious, it can accommodate the installation requirements of motors 311 of various power ratings.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, motor 311 is a reversible motor capable of outputting rotational power in both forward and reverse directions. The electric unit 3 also includes a control system 33, which includes a first button 331 and a second button 332. The first button 331 and the second button 332 enable the control system 33 to control the shaft of the reversible motor to rotate 360 ​​degrees and reciprocate bidirectionally to meet the needs of circumcision under different conditions, ensuring smooth and successful vertebral perforation. Preferably, the first button 331 and the second button 332 are located on the control panel 13, which is perpendicular to the holding panel 12 and located to the left of the holding panel 12. When the hand holds the head shell 1, the thumb is near the first button 331 and the second button 332, allowing operation without hand movement. Preferably, the first button 331 and the second button 332 are activated when pressed and deactivated when not pressed. This design facilitates rapid response by the physician, achieving satisfactory vertebral perforation results.

[0055] It should be noted that the control system 33 of the reversible motor is existing technology and is not an improvement technology of this invention.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the manual unit 4 includes a second drive groove 41, which is located on the inner wall of the holding panel 12. The second drive groove 41 matches the second limiting part 24, thereby transmitting manual rotational torque to the ring saw body 2. When using the manual unit 4 to perform ring cutting, the second limiting part 24 is located in the second drive groove 41. By rotating the head housing 1 while pressing the holding panel 12, the function of manual ring sawing can be realized.

[0057] It should be noted that when the electric unit 3 is working, the second limiting part 24 needs to be separated from the second drive groove 41; while when the manual unit 4 is working, the first limiting part 23 needs to be separated from the first drive groove 321.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the conversion unit 5 includes a limiting cavity 51, a first support member 52, a second support member 53, a limiting bearing 54, and a conversion key 55. By operating the conversion key 55, the ring saw body 2 can be moved axially, causing the second limiting part 24 to enter or exit the second drive groove 41, while simultaneously causing the first limiting part 23 to move out or enter the first drive groove 321, thereby completing the conversion between manual and electric modes.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the limiting cavity 51 is a cylindrical cavity, with one end fixed to the inner wall of the pressure panel 12, and its axis coincides with the axis of the visible through hole 11; the first support member 52 and the second support member 53 are both annular components, and their outer walls are matched with the inner wall of the limiting cavity 51, so that the axis of the first support member 52 and the second support member 53 coincides with the axis of the limiting cavity 51; the inner ring of the limiting bearing 54 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the second limiting part 24, and the outer wall of the outer ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second support member 53. When the ring saw body 2 rotates, it drives the inner ring of the limiting bearing 54 to rotate, so that the axis of the ring saw column 22 is more stable when it is electrically rotated.

[0060] Furthermore, the inner wall of the limiting cavity 51 is provided with an axial limiting groove 511, which is an annular groove. The outer wall of the first support member 52 is provided with an axial limiting block 521 that matches the axial limiting groove 511. By fixing the axial position of the axial limiting block 521, the axial limiting groove 511 can fix the axial position of the first support member 52 within the head housing 1, so that the axial position of the first support member 52 remains fixed when rotating along the axis.

[0061] Furthermore, the inner wall of the limiting cavity 51 is also provided with a circumferential limiting groove 512, which is a vertical strip groove. The outer wall of the second support member 53 is provided with a circumferential limiting block 531 that matches the circumferential limiting groove 512. By fixing the circumferential position of the circumferential limiting block 531, the circumferential position of the second support member 53 within the head housing 1 can be fixed, so that the circumferential position of the second support member 53 remains fixed when sliding along the axis.

[0062] Furthermore, a rotary telescopic structure 56 is provided between the first support member 52 and the second support member 53. When the first support member 52 is rotated, the rotary telescopic structure 56 can rotate, causing the second support member 53 to drive the limiting bearing 54 to slide axially within the limiting cavity 51. The rotational movement of the rotary telescopic structure 56 drives the limiting bearing 54 to perform linear movement. Compared with directly driving the limiting bearing 54 to perform linear movement, this facilitates one-handed or one-finger operation, and ensures that the limiting bearing 54 receives uniform force and moves smoothly and steadily.

[0063] Preferred, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotary telescopic structure 56 of this embodiment includes an axial helical tooth structure 561 and a tension spring 562. The axial helical tooth structure includes a sliding part 5611, a support part 5612, and a stop part 5613. The surface of the sliding part 5611 is an axially inclined plane, the surface of the support part 5612 is a horizontal plane, and the surface of the stop part 5613 is a vertical plane. The two ends of the tension spring 562 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressing panel 12 and the second support member 53, respectively.

[0064] Specifically, the second support member 53 includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the height of the inner ring is greater than the height of the outer ring, the first support member 52 is fitted outside the inner ring of the second support member 53, the axial helical tooth structure 561 is located at the bottom of the first support member 52 and the upper part of the outer ring of the second support member 53, and a sliding part 5611, a support part 5612 and a stop part 5613 that match each other are provided between the bottom of the first support member 52 and the upper part of the outer ring of the second support member 53.

[0065] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in the initial state of manual mode, the surfaces of the two sliding portions 5611 of the first support member 52 and the second support member 53 are in contact with each other, the second limiting portion 24 is embedded in the second drive groove 41, and the first limiting portion 23 is separated from the first drive groove 321, and the tension spring 562 is in its natural state. When it is necessary to switch to electric mode, the first support member 52 is rotated. Since the axial position of the first support member 52 is fixed and the circumferential position of the second support member 53 is fixed, relative sliding occurs between the two sliding portions 5611. At the same time, the second support member 53 moves axially away from the first support member 52, thereby driving the ring saw body 2 to move axially until the support portion 5612 between the first support member 52 and the second support member 53 is in contact with each other in a stretched state, so that the first limiting portion 23 is completely moved into the first drive groove 321, completing the conversion from manual mode to electric mode. When it is necessary to switch from electric mode to manual mode, the first support member 52 is rotated in the opposite direction. Since the tension spring 562 is in a stretched state, when the planes of the two support parts 5612 rotate to separate, the planes of the two sliding parts 5611 are brought into contact with each other again under the pull of the tension spring 562, until the planes of the two stop parts 5613 are in contact, so that the second limiting part 24 is completely moved into the second drive groove 41, completing the switch from electric mode to manual mode.

[0066] In this embodiment, the rotary telescopic structure 56 between the first support member 52 and the second support member 53 adopts a mutually cooperating axial helical tooth structure, which enables the conversion unit 5 to be stably supported by the support part 5612 with a horizontal surface in both manual and electric modes. This allows it to withstand greater holding force and is less prone to disengagement or movement during the circumcision process, thus improving the stability of the visual ring saw in both functions.

[0067] Preferred, such as Figure 8As shown, the conversion key 55 includes a conversion handle 551, a through groove 552, and a locking slot 553. One end of the conversion handle 551 is fixed to the side wall of the first support member 52. The through groove 552 is located on the side wall of the control panel 13, preferably on the right side wall of the control panel 13. The other end of the conversion handle 551 passes through the through groove 552 and is located outside the head housing 1. The locking slot 553 is located at both ends of the through groove 552, which can lock and fix the other end of the conversion handle 551. When holding the head housing 1, the first support member 52 can be rotated by simply moving the conversion handle 551 along the direction of the through groove 552 with the index finger, thereby switching between electric and manual modes. No hands are needed, and no adjustment of the grip position is required. This is convenient and easy to use, allowing the visual ring saw to smoothly complete the mode conversion and avoiding the risk of the saw teeth 21 moving due to complex operations. Meanwhile, when the conversion handle 551 is in the electric and manual positions respectively, the slot 553 can lock the end of the conversion handle 551, so that the first support 52 is fixed after the mode conversion is completed, thus ensuring that the visual ring saw works stably in electric or manual mode.

[0068] It should be noted that when switching modes, the positions of the first limiting part 23 and the first drive groove 321, the second limiting part 24 and the second drive groove 41 must be aligned with each other. Optionally, the motor can be reset to the initial state by setting a reset button. This technical solution is prior art and is not within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] like Figure 9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the rotational telescopic structure 56 in this embodiment is a circumferential spiral structure that matches the first support member 52 and the second support member 53.

[0071] Specifically, the circumferential spiral structure is located on the outer periphery of the first support member 52 and the second support member 53, and includes a matching spiral groove 5601 and a spiral slider 5602. The spiral groove 5601 and the spiral slider 5602 are respectively disposed on the first support member 52 or the second support member 53.

[0072] In use, the visual ring saw is initially in manual mode, with the second support member 53 screwed into the first support member 52 and the second limiting part 24 located in the second drive groove 41. When switching to electric mode, the first support member 52 is rotated. Since the axial position of the first support member 52 is fixed and the circumferential position of the second support member 53 is fixed, the second support member 53 is rotated outward from the first support member 52 under the action of the circumferential spiral structure, causing the ring saw body 2 to slide axially, so that the second limiting part 24 moves out of the second drive groove 41, and at the same time, the first limiting part 23 moves into the first drive groove 321, completing the switch to electric mode.

[0073] In this embodiment, the rotary telescopic structure 56 has a matching circumferential spiral structure between the first support member 52 and the second support member 53, eliminating the need for the tension spring in Embodiment 1. The structure is simple, has fewer parts, and is flexible and easy to control.

[0074] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual trephine under spinal endoscopy, comprising a head housing (1), a trephine body (2), an electric unit (3), a manual unit (4), and a conversion unit (5). The head housing (1) includes a pressure panel (12) and a visible through hole (11), the visible through hole (11) being formed on the pressure panel (12); The ring saw body (2) includes saw teeth (21), a ring saw column (22), a first limiting part (23), and a second limiting part (24). The ring saw column (22) coincides with the axis of the visible through hole (11), and the spinal endoscope can pass through the visible through hole (11) into the central channel of the ring saw column (22). The first limiting part (23) is located between the second limiting part (24) and the saw teeth (21). The first limiting part (23) and the second limiting part (24) are protrusions located on the outer wall of the ring saw column (22), which are used to bear the rotational torque transmitted by the electric unit (3) and the manual unit (4), respectively. The electric unit (3) includes a motor assembly (31), a driven gear (32), and a control system (33). The driven gear (32) is fitted around the outer periphery of the ring saw body (2) and its shaft hole matches the first limiting part (23). The control system (33) can drive the motor assembly (31) and transmit electric torque to the ring saw body (2) through the driven gear (32). The conversion unit (5) enables the electric unit (3) and the manual unit (4) to move axially between themselves and the ring saw body (2), thus completing the conversion between manual and electric modes. The conversion unit (5) includes a limiting cavity (51), a first support member (52), a second support member (53), a limiting bearing (54), a conversion key (55), and a rotary telescopic structure (56); the outer walls of the first support member (52) and the second support member (53) are both fitted with the inner wall of the limiting cavity (51); the first support member (52) can rotate around the axis and its axial position remains fixed; the second support member (53) can slide along the axis and its circumferential position remains fixed; the inner ring of the limiting bearing (54) is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the second limiting part (24), and the outer wall of the outer ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second support member (53); the conversion key (55) enables the first support member (52) to rotate, and when the first support member (52) is rotated, the rotary telescopic structure (56) enables the second support member (53) to drive the limiting bearing (54) to slide axially in the limiting cavity (51) to realize the axial movement of the ring saw body (2).

2. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring saw body (2) is located at 1 / 3 of the length of the head shell (1), and 2 / 3 of the length of the head shell (1) is used for hand gripping.

3. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axis between the motor assembly (31) and the driven gear (32) is perpendicular, and the driven gear (32) is a bevel gear.

4. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The motor in the motor assembly (31) is a reversible motor.

5. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control system (33) further includes a first control key (331) and a second control key (332), and the head shell (1) further includes a control panel (13), on which the first control key (331) and the second control key (332) are located.

6. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first control key (331) enables the control system (33) to control the motor shaft to rotate 360 ​​degrees.

7. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second control key (332) enables the control system (33) to control the motor shaft to rotate back and forth.

8. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first limiting part (23) is a protrusion located on the outer wall of the ring saw column (22), and the inner wall of the shaft hole of the driven gear (32) is provided with a first driving groove (321) that matches the outer wall of the protrusion.

9. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal cord according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes a manual unit (4), which includes a second drive groove (41) located on the inner wall of the pressing panel (12).

10. The endoscopic circumferential saw for spinal surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ring saw body (2) also includes a second limiting part (24), and the second drive groove (41) matches the second limiting part (24) to transmit manual torque to the ring saw body (2).

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