A fixture for assembling a subway rail vehicle

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of locomotive component welding equipment. The present application provides a kind of fixture for subway track vehicle group welding. The fixture includes frame, clamping mechanism, central mechanism, centering mechanism and holding mechanism. The frame has a fixedly connected vertical part and horizontal part. The clamping mechanism is fixedly connected to the horizontal part, which is used to clamp the pipe to be welded. The central mechanism includes a connecting rod rotatably mounted on the horizontal part. The centering mechanism is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, which realizes the centering operation of the pipe to be welded and the hole by the driving connection of the gear ring, multiple gears, threaded column, threaded sleeve and centering block. The holding mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame and has a suction cup assembly, which fixes the fixture on the component to be welded to the pipe. The fixture can accurately and automatically center the pipe and the hole on the carriage by setting the centering mechanism, which is more accurate in centering, reduces the dimensional deviation and improves the welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of locomotive component welding equipment, and more particularly to a fixture for welding subway rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] A subway is a form of rail transport, primarily operating underground as an urban rail transit system, also known as an underground railway. Many such systems, to accommodate the surrounding environment and consider construction and operating costs, may transition to surface or elevated sections outside of city centers. As cities continue to expand, the use of subway trains is becoming increasingly frequent.

[0003] In the production of subway rail vehicles, various parts are assembled and welded together using assembly and welding technology. Welding fixtures are used to limit and fix the individual parts during assembly and welding. When welding pipes to the surface of the car body, welders need to position the pipes before welding can begin. However, this makes welding inconvenient, and the positioning accuracy of the pipes is affected by the welder's experience, resulting in poor positioning accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to study a fixture for welding subway track vehicles so as to accurately position the pipes during welding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a fixture for welding subway track vehicles, so as to solve the problem that the positioning process before pipe welding in the prior art is cumbersome and lacks precision.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a welding fixture for subway track vehicles is provided, comprising: The frame has a fixedly connected vertical part and a horizontal part, and the horizontal part has through holes; A clamping mechanism is fixedly connected to the end of the horizontal section. The clamping mechanism has a shape adapted to the pipe to be welded and is used to clamp the pipe to be welded. The central mechanism includes a connecting rod, the upper part of which is rotatably mounted in a through hole; A centering mechanism is fixedly installed at the lower part of the connecting rod. The centering mechanism includes an annular body. A part of the annular body has an annular groove and another part has at least three radial grooves. The at least three radial grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially. A gear ring is provided in the annular groove. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the end face of the gear ring. A threaded post is provided in each radial groove. A second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded post near the gear ring. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear. The part of the threaded post away from the gear ring has an external thread. A threaded sleeve is installed on the external thread. The lower end of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to a centering block. The centering block protrudes downward to the lower part of the annular body. A rotating rod and a drive gear are provided on the radial outer side of the gear ring. The upper end of the rotating rod protrudes above the annular body. The drive gear is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating rod and meshes with the gear ring. The annular body can change between a used position and an idle position. In the used position, the annular body coincides with the center line of the clamping mechanism. The retaining mechanism is fixedly mounted on the frame and has a suction cup assembly that is operable to secure the clamp to the part that is mated with the pipe to be welded.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes a first half, a second half, and a locking component, wherein one end of the first half and the second half are hinged together, and the other end is operably locked together via the locking component.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the central mechanism further includes a limiting component, which includes a box-shaped housing located above the horizontal portion, a connecting rod passing through the housing and extending its upper end above the housing, a first gear being fixedly installed on the portion of the connecting rod located inside the housing, and a threaded rod being provided inside the housing, the threaded rod being rotatably supported on the housing, a second gear being fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod, the second gear meshing with the first gear, an external thread being provided on the threaded rod, a nut being fitted onto the external thread, and two limiting portions restricting the stroke of the nut being installed inside the housing.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the connecting rod is slidable axially relative to the frame, the housing is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, and the limiting assembly further includes a height limiting element, which is rod-shaped, with its upper end fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing, the height limiting element extending through the horizontal portion, and the lower end of the height limiting element having a flange to prevent the bottom of the height limiting element from passing through the horizontal portion.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the central mechanism further includes an elastic element sleeved on the connecting rod, the upper end of the elastic element abutting against the lower surface of the horizontal portion and the lower end being fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting rod.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the retaining mechanism further includes a piston cylinder and a piston assembled in the piston cylinder, the piston cylinder and the piston forming an air chamber, the suction cup assembly being located at the bottom end of the piston cylinder, and the air chamber being in fluid communication with the inside of the suction cup assembly's disc body.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the retaining mechanism further includes a piston positioning assembly. The upper part of the piston is provided with a piston rod that protrudes beyond the piston cylinder. The upper end of the piston rod is provided with a pull block. One end of the pull block is provided with a groove. An elastic element is provided in the groove. The outer end of the elastic element is provided with a positioning pin. The piston positioning assembly further includes a positioning frame that is fixedly connected to the frame. At least a portion of the positioning frame extends vertically to the highest point of the movement range of the piston rod tip. The positioning frame is provided with a positioning groove. When the piston rod tip moves to the highest point, the positioning pin can be inserted into the positioning groove.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the piston positioning assembly further includes an actuator mounted on the side wall of the pull block having a groove. The actuator is movable in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the elastic member. When the actuator is inserted into the groove, it can prevent the elastic member from elongating. When the actuator is removed from the groove, the elastic member is released and elongates.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fixture further includes an additional clamping mechanism. The frame has a second vertical portion, and the additional clamping mechanism is mounted on the second vertical portion. The additional clamping mechanism includes a fixed frame, the space defined by the fixed frame is used to accommodate the component to be welded, and a space adjustment component is provided on the fixed frame, which can change the size of the space defined by the fixed frame.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the space adjustment assembly includes a screw and a slot. The side wall of the fixed frame is provided with a screw hole, the screw is threaded into the screw hole, one end of the screw located in the fixed frame is connected to the slot, and the other end of the screw is provided with a knob.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, the welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to the present invention can accurately and automatically center the pipe and the hole on the car by setting a centering mechanism. Compared with the method of relying on the experience of the operator, the centering method of this fixture is more accurate, reduces dimensional deviation, and improves welding quality. After centering, the retaining mechanism fixes the pipe on the car, which can fix the position of the pipe. During welding, there is no need for the operator to limit the position of the pipe. The pipe is fixed in position and will not move during welding, which makes it convenient to weld the pipe on the car and also improves the welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a welding fixture for metro track vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A of the clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of part B of the central mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of a portion C of a centering mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of a portion D of a piston positioning assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the state of the centering mechanism of a welding fixture for subway track vehicles in the use position according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the centering mechanism of a welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in an idle position. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the additional clamping mechanism of a welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 10. Frame; 11. Vertical section; 12. Horizontal section; 12a. Through hole; 13. Second vertical section; 20. Clamping mechanism; 21. First half; 21a. First fixing block; 21b. Limiting block; 22. Second half; 22a. Second fixing block; 22b. Mounting slot; 22c. Moving slot; 22d. Locking post; 22e. Spring; 22f. Pull rod; 23. Locking assembly; 30. Central mechanism; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Limiting assembly; 32a. Housing; 32b. First gear; 32c. Threaded rod; 32d. Second gear; 32e. Nut; 32f. Limiting part; 32g. Height limiting element; 33. Elastic element; 40. Centering mechanism; 41. Ring Main body; 41a, annular groove; 41b, radial groove; 41c, central groove; 42, gear ring; 42a, first bevel gear; 43, threaded column; 43a, second bevel gear; 44, threaded sleeve; 45, centering block; 46, rotating rod; 47, drive gear; 50, holding mechanism; 51, suction cup assembly; 52, piston cylinder; 53, piston; 53a, piston column; 54, piston positioning assembly; 54a, pull block; 54b, elastic element; 54c, positioning pin; 54d, positioning frame; 54e, positioning groove; 54f, actuating element; 55, pull column; 56, mounting plate; 60, additional clamping mechanism; 61, fixing frame; 62, space adjustment assembly; 62a, screw; 62b, slot. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. For example, terms such as “length,” “width,” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “rear,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer” indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are for ease of description only, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution.

[0021] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] In the description and claims of this invention and the foregoing drawings, when an element is referred to as "fixed to," "mounted to," "disposed on," or "connected to" another element, it can be located directly or indirectly on that other element. For example, when an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other element.

[0023] Furthermore, the reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0024] One object of the present invention is to provide a fixture for welding subway track vehicles. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the welding fixture for subway track vehicles is shown. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles generally includes a frame 10, a clamping mechanism 20, a central mechanism 30, a centering mechanism 40, and a holding mechanism 50.

[0025] The frame 10 supports and secures various mechanisms and components. The frame 10 has a vertically connected portion 11 and a horizontally connected portion 12. The horizontally connected portion 12 can be attached to the upper end of the vertically connected portion 11, forming a cantilever structure. The horizontally connected portion 12 has a through-hole 12a. The frame 10 can be constructed of, for example, steel to provide sufficient strength.

[0026] The clamping mechanism 20 is used to clamp the pipe to be welded. The clamping mechanism 20 is fixedly connected to the end of the horizontal part 12 and has a shape adapted to the pipe to be welded.

[0027] A central mechanism 30 is used to pivotally connect the centering mechanism 40 to the frame 10. The central mechanism 30 includes a connecting rod 31, the axis of which is perpendicular to the length direction of the horizontal portion 12. The upper part of the connecting rod 31 passes through a through hole 12a, and the connecting rod 31 is rotatable within the through hole 12a.

[0028] The centering mechanism 40 is used to align the centerline of the pipe with the centerline of the pre-drilled opening in the roof before welding, achieving automatic centering of the pipe and the opening. The centering mechanism 40 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the connecting rod 31. (Reference) Figure 2 and Figure 6The centering mechanism 40 includes an annular body 41. A portion of the annular body 41 (e.g., the radially outer portion) has an annular groove 41a, and another portion of the annular body 41 (e.g., the radially inner portion) has at least three radial grooves 41b, which are evenly distributed circumferentially. The annular groove 41a is closed above, below, and radially outward. A gear ring 42 is provided within the annular groove 41a, and a first bevel gear 42a is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the gear ring 42. Each radial groove 41b has a threaded post 43, and a second bevel gear 43a is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded post 43 near the gear ring 42. The second bevel gear 43a meshes with the first bevel gear 42a. The end of the threaded post 43 away from the gear ring 42 is rotatably supported on the inner wall of the annular body 41 via, for example, a bearing. The portion of the threaded post 43 away from the gear ring 42 has external threads, and a threaded sleeve 44 is mounted on the external threads. The two are threadedly connected so that the threaded sleeve 44 rotates radially with the threaded post 43. The lower end of the threaded sleeve 44 is fixedly connected to the centering block 45. A groove is provided on the lower surface of the annular body 41 in the area opposite to the radial groove 41b. The centering block 45 protrudes downward through the groove to below the annular body 41. A rotating rod 46 and a drive gear 47 are provided on the radially outer side of the gear ring 42. The upper end of the rotating rod 46 protrudes above the upper surface of the annular body 41. The drive gear 47 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating rod 46 and meshes with the teeth of the gear ring 42. When centering is required, first adjust the annular body 41 so that its centerline coincides with the centerline of the pipe within the clamping mechanism 20. Insert all centering blocks 45 into the opening in the roof where the pipe will be connected. Turn the rotating rod 46, which drives the drive gear 47 to rotate, thereby driving the gear ring 42 to rotate. The first bevel gear 42a on the gear ring 42 rotates synchronously with the gear ring 42, thereby driving all the second bevel gears 43a to rotate. At this time, each threaded post 43 rotates synchronously with the second bevel gear 43a, and each threaded sleeve 44 fitted on the threaded post 43 moves laterally under the action of the threads, causing their respective centering blocks 45 to move radially. When each centering block 45 moves to the point where it abuts against the side wall of the opening, it is blocked by the side wall and cannot move further. At this point, the centerline of the annular body 41 coincides with the centerline of the opening, thus the centerline of the pipe also coincides with the centerline of the opening, achieving centering.

[0029] The annular body 41 can switch between a working position and an idle position. In the working position, the annular body 41 coincides with the center line of the clamping mechanism 20 to facilitate centering of the pipe to be welded in the clamping mechanism 20. In the idle position, the annular body 41 leaves the area below the clamping mechanism 20 empty to facilitate contact between the pipe and the opening for welding.

[0030] Return to reference Figure 1-2The retaining mechanism 50 is used to fix the clamp to the roof after the centering mechanism 40 has completed centering, so as to maintain the relative position of the pipe and the opening during welding. The retaining mechanism 50 is also fixedly mounted on the frame 10. The retaining mechanism 50 has a suction cup assembly 51, which is operable to fix the clamp to the part that is mated with the pipe to be welded.

[0031] The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to the present invention, by setting a centering mechanism 40, can accurately and automatically center the pipe and the hole on the car. Compared with the method relying on the operator's experience, the centering method of this fixture is more accurate, reduces dimensional deviation, and improves welding quality. After centering, the retaining mechanism fixes the pipe on the car, which can fix the position of the pipe. During welding, there is no need for the operator to limit the position of the pipe. The pipe is fixed in position and will not move during welding, which facilitates welding the pipe to the car and also improves the welding quality.

[0032] The following is a detailed description of the various components and mechanisms of the welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the vertical portion 11 and the horizontal portion 12 of the frame 10 can be arranged perpendicularly to each other, and the two can be welded together or detachably connected together by bolts or other connectors. A clamping mechanism 20 is fixedly connected to the suspended end of the horizontal portion 12.

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the clamping mechanism is shown. (See attached diagram.) Figure 3-4 As shown, the clamping mechanism 20 includes a first half 21, a second half 22, and a locking assembly 23. The shape of the area enclosed by the first half 21 and the second half 22 when they are joined together is adapted to the shape of the pipe to be welded. The first half 21 and the second half 22 are pivotally connected at one end to the suspended end of the horizontal portion 12 by a pin. The other ends of the first half 21 and the second half 22 are operably locked together via the locking assembly 23.

[0035] like Figure 3-4As shown, a first fixing block 21a is provided radially outward at the end of the first half 21, and a second fixing block 22a is provided radially outward at the end of the second half 22. When the first half 21 and the second half 22 are mated, the first fixing block 21a and the second fixing block 22a are close to each other and in contact. The first fixing block 21a has a limiting block 21b protruding towards the second fixing block 22a on the side wall that contacts the second fixing block 22a. The second fixing block 22a has a mounting groove 22b on the side that abuts the first fixing block 21a, and one end of the limiting block 21b can extend into the mounting groove 22b. The second fixing block 22 has a moving groove 22c radially outward on the mounting groove 22b. A locking post 22d is slidably connected inside the moving groove 22c. One end of the locking post 22d can be operated to move into the mounting groove 22b. The part of the locking post 22d located in the moving groove 22c is covered with a spring 22e. The spring 22e is in a compressed state to cause the locking post 22d to move into the mounting groove 22b. The other end of the locking post 22d is fixedly connected to a pull rod 22f, which is located outside the moving groove 22c. The limiting block 21b has a locking hole on the side near the locking post 22d. When the limiting block 21b is inserted into the mounting groove 22b, one end of the locking post 22d can be inserted into the locking hole.

[0036] When it is necessary to lock the first half 21 and the second half 22 together, first pull the lever 22f to overcome the elastic force of the spring 22e and move the end of the locking post 22d out of the mounting groove 22b. Insert the limiting block 21b into the mounting groove 22b, release the lever 22f, and under the action of the spring 22e, insert the end of the locking post 22d into the locking hole of the limiting block 21b to lock the two together, so as to position the pipe to be welded.

[0037] However, the clamping mechanism 20 of the present invention is not limited to the above structure, and other clamping mechanisms suitable for clamping pipes can also be used.

[0038] Figure 5 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of a portion B of the central mechanism 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. (In conjunction with...) Figure 1-2 and Figure 5 The detailed structure of the central mechanism 30 of the welding fixture for subway track vehicles of the present invention will be explained.

[0039] The central mechanism 30 is primarily used to pivotally connect the centering mechanism 40 to the frame 10. The central mechanism 30 mainly includes a connecting rod 31. As described above, the axis of the connecting rod 31 is perpendicular to the length direction of the horizontal portion 12. The upper part of the connecting rod 31 passes through a through hole 12a, and the connecting rod 31 is rotatable within the through hole 12a. The central mechanism 30 may also include a horizontally extending crossbar located near the bottom end of the connecting rod 31. The proximal end of the crossbar is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod 31, and the distal end of the crossbar is fixedly connected to the centering mechanism 40, thereby allowing the centering mechanism 40 to rotate about the connecting rod 31 under the influence of the crossbar. The length of the crossbar is set such that the centering mechanism 40 can be adjusted until the centerline of the annular body 41 coincides with the centerline of the pipe within the clamping mechanism 20.

[0040] Optionally, in some embodiments, to facilitate adjusting the centering mechanism 40 to a position coinciding with the centerline of the pipe within the clamping mechanism 20, the central mechanism 30 may further include a limiting component 32. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the limiting assembly 32 may include a box-shaped housing 32a located above the horizontal portion 12, with space inside the housing 32a for installing other components. A connecting rod 31 passes through the housing 32a and extends its upper end above the housing 32a. A first gear 32b is fixedly mounted on the portion of the connecting rod 31 located inside the housing 32a. A horizontally extending threaded rod 32c is also provided inside the housing 32a, and the threaded rod 32c is rotatably supported on the housing 32a. A second gear 32d is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 32c, and the second gear 32d meshes with the first gear 32b. The threaded rod 32c has external threads, and a nut 32e is fitted onto the external threads. Two limiting portions 32f are also installed inside the housing 32a to limit the stroke of the nut 32e. Specifically, the limiting portions 32f may be protrusions protruding from the top or bottom wall of the housing 32a toward the threaded rod 32c, and the size of the protrusions is set to prevent the nut 32e from passing through the limiting portions 32f. When the connecting rod 31 is turned, the centering mechanism 40, which is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting rod 31, rotates around the axis of the connecting rod 31. Simultaneously, the rotation of the connecting rod 31 also drives the first gear 32b to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear 32d and the threaded rod 32c to rotate. When the threaded rod 32c rotates, it causes the nut 32e to move laterally. When the nut 32e moves to abut against the limiting part 32f, neither the connecting rod 31 nor the centering mechanism 40 can rotate further. The limiting component 32 can be configured such that when the nut 32e moves to abut against one of the limiting parts 32f, the centerline of the annular body 41 of the centering mechanism 40 coincides with the centerline of the pipe within the clamping mechanism 20. The other limiting part 32f serves as a boundary defining the idle position of the centering mechanism 40, preventing the centering mechanism 40 from excessively swinging and colliding with other components.

[0041] After the centering mechanism 40 assists in centering the pipe and the opening, it needs to be removed from the opening position to provide the necessary space for welding the pipe to the surface of the roof. Therefore, the connecting rod 31 and the frame 10 can be configured to slide. Specifically, the connecting rod 31 can slide relative to the frame 10 along its axial direction so that after centering, the positioning block 35 can be lifted upwards and leave the opening. In this case, the outer shell 32a can be fixedly connected to the connecting rod 31 and rise and fall together with the connecting rod 31. Optionally, in some embodiments, in order to limit the lifting range of the connecting rod 31, the limiting assembly 32 can also include a height limiting element 32g. The height limiting element 32g is rod-shaped, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer shell 32a. The height limiting element 32g extends through the horizontal portion 12, and its lower end is provided with a flange to prevent the bottom of the height limiting element 32g from passing through the horizontal portion 12. The lifting range of the connecting rod 31 is limited by the action of the flange and the bottom surface of the horizontal portion 12.

[0042] Optionally, in some embodiments, to improve the stability and ease of use of the connecting rod 31, the central mechanism 30 may further include an elastic element 33, such as a coil spring. The elastic element 33 is sleeved on the connecting rod 31, with its upper end abutting against the lower surface of the horizontal portion 12 and its lower end fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting rod 31. When the connecting rod 31 is lifted, the elastic element 33 is compressed, which provides a buffer for the lifting operation. Furthermore, when the centering mechanism 40 is moved to the idle position, the restoring force of the elastic element 33 causes the limiting component 32 to return to the vicinity of the horizontal portion 12 and holds the limiting component 32 in that position.

[0043] Figure 6 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of a portion C of the centering mechanism 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1-2 as well as Figure 6 The annular body 41 has a central groove 41c. In this embodiment, the annular body 41 is provided with three radial grooves 41b, each of which is provided with a threaded post 43 and a threaded sleeve 44. Therefore, three centering blocks 45 protrude below the annular body 41. By means of these three centering blocks 45, the centering of the pipe and the opening can be achieved in the manner described above.

[0044] Return to reference Figure 1-2 The retaining mechanism 50 generally includes a suction cup assembly 51, a piston cylinder 52, and a piston 53 assembled within the piston cylinder 52. The piston cylinder 52 and piston 53 form an air chamber, and the suction cup assembly 51 is located at the bottom end of the piston cylinder 52. The air chamber can be in fluid communication with the air pressure chamber inside the disc body of the suction cup assembly 51. When the piston 53 moves, causing the air chamber volume to increase and the pressure to decrease, a negative pressure is generated in the air pressure chamber of the disc body that is in fluid communication with the air chamber, thereby adhering to the surface of the vehicle roof.

[0045] Optionally, in some embodiments, to facilitate moving the piston 53 to change the pressure in the air chamber, the upper part of the piston 53 is provided with a piston post 53a, which protrudes upward beyond the piston cylinder 52. A piston positioning assembly 54 may also be provided to fix the position of the piston 53. Figure 7 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of a portion D of a piston positioning assembly 54 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. A pull block 54a is provided at the upper end of the piston rod. One end of the pull block 54a has a groove, and an elastic element 54b is provided within the groove. A positioning pin 54c is provided at the outer end of the elastic element 54b. The piston positioning assembly 54 also includes a positioning frame 54d, which is fixedly connected to the frame 10. At least a portion of the positioning frame 54d extends vertically to the highest point of the piston rod's top travel range. The positioning frame 54d has a positioning groove 54e, into which the positioning pin 54c can be inserted when the piston rod top moves to the highest point.

[0046] Optionally, in some embodiments, the piston positioning assembly 54 may further include an actuator 54f, which is mounted on the side wall of the pull block 54a where a groove is provided. The actuator 54f is movable in a direction perpendicular to the extension and retraction direction of the elastic member 54b. When the actuator 54f is inserted into the groove, it can prevent the elastic member 54b from elongating. When the actuator 54f is removed from the groove, the elastic member 54b is released and elongated, thereby pushing the positioning pin 54c into the positioning groove 54e, fixing and maintaining the position of the piston 53.

[0047] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, a pull column 55 can also be fixedly connected to the outer shell of the piston cylinder 52. The lower end of the pull column 55 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell of the piston cylinder 52, and the upper end of the pull column 55 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 56 fixedly connected to the vertical part 11. Operating the pull column 55 can drive the piston cylinder 52 to move as a whole.

[0048] Figure 8 This diagram shows the centering mechanism 40 of a welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention in its working position. Figure 9A schematic diagram of the centering mechanism 40 in its idle position is shown. When using this clamp, the pipe is placed between the first half 21 and the second half 22. Then, the second half 22 is rotated so that the limiting block 21b is inserted into the mounting groove 22b. The operator then releases the pull rod 22f, at which point the spring 22e pushes one end of the locking pin 22d into the limiting block 21b, thereby limiting the pipe position. Then, the connecting rod 31 is rotated to adjust the centering mechanism 40 so that the centerline of the annular body 41 coincides with the centerline of the pipe within the clamping mechanism 20. The centering mechanism 40 is placed on the surface of the carriage, so that all the centering blocks 45 are inserted into the opening in the roof where the pipe is to be connected. Turning the rotating rod 46 causes the drive gear 47 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear ring 42 to move in a circular motion within the annular groove 41a. The first bevel gear 42a on the gear ring 42 rotates synchronously with the gear ring 42, which in turn drives all the second bevel gears 43a to rotate. At this time, each threaded post 43 rotates synchronously with the second bevel gear 43a, and each threaded sleeve 44 fitted on the threaded post 43 moves laterally under the action of the threads, causing its respective centering block 45 to move radially. When each centering block 45 moves to the point where it abuts against the side wall of the opening, it is obstructed by the side wall and can no longer move. At this point, the centerline of the annular body 41 coincides with the centerline of the opening, thus the centerline of the pipe also coincides with the centerline of the opening, achieving centering. After centering, the operator pushes the pull column 55, causing the suction cup assembly 51 to contact the surface of the carriage. Then, the operator pulls the pull block 54, causing the piston column 53a to move upward, increasing the available space inside the piston cylinder 52. This reduces the air pressure inside the piston cylinder 52, generating suction inside the suction cup assembly 51, thereby limiting the entire clamp and the pipe held on it above the opening. Then, the operator pulls the actuator 54f, releasing and extending the elastic element 54b, thereby pushing the positioning pin 54c into the positioning groove 54e, fixing and maintaining the position of the piston 53. Next, the operator pulls the connecting rod 31 or the outer casing 32a upward, causing the connecting rod 31 to drive the centering mechanism 40 upward until all the centering blocks 45 are moved out of the opening. Then, the operator rotates the connecting rod 31, causing the connecting rod 31 to drive the centering mechanism 40 to rotate to an idle position. Then, the pipe is pushed downward, so that the pipe covers the outer perimeter of the opening on the surface of the carriage. Then, the connection between the pipe and one side of the carriage is welded. After welding and positioning, the operator can pull the lever 22f, causing the lever 22f to move one end of the locking pin 22d out of the limiting block 21b. Then, the second half 22 is opened, and the positioning pin 54c is pulled out from the positioning groove 54e. At this time, the pull block 54a is released from the limit. Then, the operator pushes the pull block 54a and the piston pin 53a down, so that the usable volume inside the piston cylinder 52 becomes smaller. At this time, the air pressure is restored, the suction inside the suction cup disappears, and then the fixture can be removed from the surface of the car body and the outside of the pipe, and welding of the car body and pipe can continue from the other side.

[0049] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the welding fixture for subway rail vehicles may further include an additional clamping mechanism 60. The frame 10 may have a second vertical portion 13, which is parallel to and spaced apart from the first vertical portion 11, and the two can be fixedly connected together. The additional clamping mechanism 60 is mounted on the top of the second vertical portion 13. The additional clamping mechanism 60 may include a fixing frame 61, which is connected to the top of the second vertical portion 13 via a crossbar. The space defined by the fixing frame 61 can be used to accommodate the parts to be welded. The fixing frame 61 is provided with a space adjustment component 62, which can change the size of the space defined by the fixing frame 61. Specifically, the space adjustment component 62 may include a screw 62a and a slot 62b. The side wall of the fixing frame 61 is provided with a screw hole, the screw 62a is threaded into the screw hole, one end of the screw 62a inserted into the fixing frame 61 is fixedly connected to the slot 62b, and the other end of the screw 62a is provided with a knob. Turning the knob rotates the screw 62a, causing the screw 62a and the slot 62b installed at its end to move laterally relative to the fixed frame 61, changing the space between the slot 62b and the side wall of the fixed frame 61 to meet the clamping needs of other parts of different sizes.

[0050] An additional holding mechanism 50 may be provided on the other side of the second vertical portion 13, or it may share a holding mechanism 50 with the clamping mechanism 20. The structure of the holding mechanism 50 is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0051] When using the additional clamping mechanism 60 to weld other workpieces to the carriage, the other workpieces are placed inside the fixed frame 61. Then, the knob is turned, causing the screw 62a to push the slot 62b, limiting the workpiece within the fixed frame 61. The fixed frame 61 is then moved to the position where the workpiece needs to be fixed. The clamp is then fixed to the upper surface of the carriage using the suction cup assembly for welding between the workpiece and the carriage. After welding and positioning, the operator resets and rotates the screw 62a, causing it to move the slot 62b back to its original position, releasing the workpiece from its position. The suction force inside the suction cup is then released, and the clamp is removed from the carriage surface and the outside of the workpiece, allowing welding to continue at the connection between the carriage and the workpiece.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0053] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0054] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A fixture for welding subway track vehicles, characterized in that, include: A frame (10) having a first vertical portion (11) and a horizontal portion (12) fixedly connected, the horizontal portion (12) having a through hole (12a). A clamping mechanism (20) is fixedly connected to the end of the horizontal portion (12), the clamping mechanism (20) having a shape adapted to the pipe to be welded and for clamping the pipe to be welded; A central mechanism (30) includes a connecting rod (31), the upper part of which is rotatably mounted in the through hole (12a); A centering mechanism (40) is fixedly installed on the lower part of the connecting rod (31). The centering mechanism (40) includes an annular body (41). A part of the annular body (41) is provided with an annular groove (41a) and another part is provided with at least three radial grooves (41b). The at least three radial grooves (41b) are evenly distributed circumferentially. A gear ring (42) is provided in the annular groove (41a). A first bevel gear (42a) is fixedly connected to the end face of the gear ring (42). A threaded post (43) is provided in each radial groove (41b). A second bevel gear (43a) is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded post (43) near the gear ring (42). The second bevel gear (43a) meshes with the first bevel gear (42a). The part of the threaded post (43) away from the gear ring (42) is provided with external threads. A threaded sleeve (44) is installed on the external thread. The lower end of the threaded sleeve (44) is fixedly connected to a centering block (45). The centering block (45) protrudes downward to below the annular body (41). A rotating rod (46) and a drive gear (47) are provided on the radial outer side of the gear ring (42). The upper end of the rotating rod (46) protrudes above the annular body (41). The drive gear (47) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating rod (46) and meshes with the gear ring (42). The annular body (41) can be changed between the working position and the idle position. In the working position, the annular body (41) coincides with the center line of the clamping mechanism (20). The centering mechanism (40) is used to align the center line of the pipe with the center line of the pre-reserved opening on the roof before welding, so as to realize the automatic centering of the pipe and the opening. A retaining mechanism (50) is fixedly mounted on the frame (10). The retaining mechanism (50) has a suction cup assembly (51) operable to fix the clamp to the part that is connected to the pipe to be welded.

2. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (20) includes a first half (21), a second half (22) and a locking component (23), wherein one end of the first half (21) and the second half (22) are hinged together and the other end is operably locked together via the locking component (23).

3. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central mechanism (30) further includes a limiting component (32), which includes a box-shaped outer shell (32a) located above the horizontal portion (12). The connecting rod (31) passes through the outer shell (32a) and extends to the upper end above the outer shell (32a). A first gear (32b) is fixedly installed on the portion of the connecting rod (31) located inside the outer shell (32a). A threaded rod (32c) is also provided inside the outer shell (32a). The threaded rod (32c) is rotatably supported on the outer shell (32a). A second gear (32d) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (32c). The second gear (32d) meshes with the first gear (32b). The threaded rod (32c) is provided with an external thread. A nut (32e) is fitted on the external thread. Two limiting parts (32f) that limit the stroke of the nut (32e) are also installed inside the outer shell (32a).

4. The fixture for welding subway track vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting rod (31) is slidable axially relative to the frame (10), the housing (32a) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (31), the limiting assembly (32) further includes a height limiting element (32g), the height limiting element (32g) is rod-shaped, the upper end of the height limiting element (32g) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing (32a), the height limiting element (32g) extends through the horizontal portion (12), and the lower end of the height limiting element (32g) is provided with a flange to prevent the bottom of the height limiting element (32g) from passing through the horizontal portion (12).

5. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central mechanism (30) further includes an elastic element (33), which is sleeved on the connecting rod (31). The upper end of the elastic element (33) abuts against the lower surface of the horizontal part (12) and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting rod (31).

6. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining mechanism (50) further includes a piston cylinder (52) and a piston (53) assembled in the piston cylinder (52). The piston cylinder (52) and the piston (53) form an air chamber. The suction cup assembly (51) is located at the bottom end of the piston cylinder (52). The air chamber is in fluid communication with the inside of the disk of the suction cup assembly (51).

7. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The retaining mechanism (50) further includes a piston positioning assembly (54). The upper part of the piston (53) is provided with a piston column, which protrudes beyond the piston cylinder (52). The upper end of the piston column is provided with a pull block (54a). One end of the pull block (54a) is provided with a groove, and an elastic element (54b) is provided in the groove. The outer end of the elastic element (54b) is provided with a positioning pin (54c). The piston positioning assembly (54) further includes a positioning frame (54d), which is fixedly connected to the frame (10). At least a portion of the positioning frame (54d) extends vertically to the highest point of the movement range of the piston column top. The positioning frame (54d) is provided with a positioning groove (54e). When the piston column top moves to the highest point, the positioning pin (54c) can be inserted into the positioning groove (54e).

8. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The piston positioning assembly (54) further includes an actuator (54f), which is installed on the side wall of the pull block (54a) where a groove is provided. The actuator (54f) is capable of moving in a direction perpendicular to the extension and retraction direction of the elastic member (54b). When the actuator (54f) is inserted into the groove, it can prevent the elastic member (54b) from elongating. When the actuator (54f) is removed from the groove, the elastic member (54b) is released and elongates.

9. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture also includes an additional clamping mechanism (60). The frame (10) has a second vertical portion (13). The additional clamping mechanism (60) is mounted on the second vertical portion (13). The additional clamping mechanism (60) includes a fixed frame (61). The space defined by the fixed frame (61) is used to accommodate the component to be welded. The fixed frame (61) is provided with a space adjustment component (62). The space adjustment component (62) can change the size of the space defined by the fixed frame (61).

10. The welding fixture for subway track vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, The space adjustment component (62) includes a screw (62a) and a slot (62b). The side wall of the fixed frame (61) is provided with a screw hole. The screw (62a) is threaded into the screw hole. One end of the screw (62a) located in the fixed frame (61) is connected to the slot (62b). The other end of the screw (62a) is provided with a knob.

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