A forging afterheat quenching tool and quenching process

Abstract

The application discloses a forging afterheat quenching tool, which comprises a forging machine, a quenching pool and a transfer device, the bucket tooth comprises a solid part of a tip end and a hollow part of a mounting end, the cross section of the solid part is V-shaped, the transfer device comprises a conveying mechanism, conveying rollers for driving the conveying mechanism, a conveying structure for moving the bucket tooth to the conveying mechanism, and the conveying structure comprises a turnover mechanism for turning over the bucket tooth by a set angle. According to the specific shape of the bucket tooth, the difference between the densities of the two ends is utilized, and the conveying part is designed to realize automatic transportation of the bucket tooth, and the bucket tooth is turned over at a set time in the process, so that the automatic quenching operation is ensured, and compared with manual operation, the time for moving the bucket tooth after forging to the quenching pool can be greatly shortened. Meanwhile, the quenching process provided by the application can effectively utilize the forging afterheat, so that the afterheat waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of quenching technology, and in particular to a forging residual heat quenching fixture and quenching process. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of bucket teeth, after the bucket teeth are forged on the forging machine, they are generally manually unloaded into the collection frame, then transferred and subjected to a heating-holding-quenching process again. This results in a significant waste of the residual heat of the bucket teeth after forging. Forging residual heat quenching is a technique that uses the residual heat of the workpiece itself after forging for quenching. It has high requirements for the interval between forging and quenching.

[0003] Because the bucket teeth are at high temperatures during manual unloading, the unloading process is quite dangerous. Forged bucket teeth themselves have considerable mass, and continuous work can easily lead to worker fatigue, making it difficult to ensure timely delivery of the workpieces to the quenching tank. This results in the workpieces failing to achieve the expected performance after quenching. Furthermore, workers face the challenge of handling the bucket teeth gently. Placing the bucket teeth into the collection box may cause impacts to other bucket teeth. Given the high temperature of the forged bucket teeth, such impacts can easily deform them, potentially resulting in defective products that do not meet product standards. Additionally, if a common conveyor structure is used to directly transport the forged workpieces to the quenching tank, it is difficult to control the quenching time. Moreover, the irregular stacking of bucket teeth upon arrival at the conveyor structure after unloading makes it difficult to orderly unload the quenched bucket teeth, further complicating quenching time control and leading to inconsistent product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a forging residual heat quenching fixture and quenching process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a forging residual heat quenching fixture for quenching bucket teeth, comprising a forging machine, a quenching tank, and a transfer device. The bucket teeth include a solid tip and a hollow mounting end. The solid tip has a V-shaped cross-section. The transfer device includes a conveying mechanism (conveyor belt or conveyor sprocket), a conveying roller for driving the conveying mechanism, and a conveying structure for moving the bucket teeth onto the conveying mechanism. The conveying structure includes a flipping mechanism for flipping the bucket teeth at a set angle. The conveying mechanism includes two conveying sections, which are spaced apart with a distance less than the width of one side of the V-shaped cross-section of the solid tip. After being forged by the forging machine, the bucket teeth are conveyed by the conveying structure. During this conveying process, the bucket teeth are flipped to an angle where the solid tip of the V-shape faces downwards, while the tip of the solid tip faces the direction of the quenching tank. Subsequently, the bucket teeth fall into the quenching tank. The bucket teeth are conveyed by a conveying mechanism and move towards the quenching pool. The hollow part of the bucket teeth is lighter than the solid part. When the bucket teeth are placed flat in the gap between the two conveying parts, the solid part sinks while the hollow part rises, so that the bucket teeth automatically turn. When the bucket teeth initially fall into the conveying mechanism, the bottom surface of the solid part abuts against the conveying roller. A driven roller is provided on the other side of the conveying mechanism. When the bucket teeth move to the position of the driven roller, the solid part abuts against the driven roller. As the conveying mechanism conveys, the bucket teeth are rotated again. As the conveying mechanism continues to convey, the bucket teeth fall from the conveying mechanism, keeping the hollow part facing down as they fall into the quenching pool. A lifting structure is provided in the quenching pool. The lifting structure includes a locking part that cooperates with the hollow part. The lifting structure is adapted to lift the bucket teeth in the quenching pool out of the water surface within a set time.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the forging machine includes a power unit equipped with a rocker arm structure and a synchronous belt drive structure. During the forging stroke, the power unit is adapted to drive the rocker arm structure, which in turn drives the synchronous belt drive structure, causing the conveyor roller to rotate at a set angle. This, in turn, causes the conveyor section to move the bucket teeth a set distance. The conveyor roller has drive teeth, and the conveyor section has tooth grooves. The entire process of the power unit moving up and down during forging constitutes one stroke. In one stroke, the corresponding conveying distance of the conveyor section is 'a', and the total conveying distance at the top of the conveyor section is 'b'. The actual quenching time is controlled by presetting the ratio of 'a' and 'b' and presetting the length of the conveyor section below the quenching pool surface.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, a is twice b. When the conveying part is tilted, it is set that the conveying part starts from the middle and is located below the liquid surface of the quenching pool. Then, the actual quenching distance of the bucket teeth is half of b, the total duration of one stroke is 10s, and the corresponding quenching time is 20s.

[0008] The conveying unit includes multiple chain units, which are connected end to end to form a conveying chain. The distance between the center of two adjacent chain units is c. The two conveying chains are spaced apart to form the conveying unit. The value of a is n times c, where n is a positive integer and n is greater than or equal to 3.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the lifting structure includes a lifting part for lifting and a guide structure disposed around the lifting part. The guide structure includes a pair of guide posts with inclined surfaces on their inner sides. The inclined surfaces of the pair of guide posts form a guide space for restricting the movement of the bucket teeth in the quenching tank. The lifting part includes a lifting plate for lifting the bucket teeth. A protrusion is formed on the top of the lifting plate. When the hollow part of the bucket teeth falls, it is guided through the guide space to the top of the protrusion.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the forging machine includes a forging table, and a material discharge channel is provided at the bottom of the forging table. A forging die is provided at the top of the forging table. The material discharge channel includes a falling part and a conveying part. The falling part is provided with a buffer structure, and the flipping mechanism is provided in the conveying part.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the flipping mechanism includes a flipping portion and an abutting portion. When the bucket tooth passes through the flipping portion, the flipping portion is adapted to activate and begin flipping the bucket tooth. When the bucket tooth flips, it approaches and abuts the abutting portion. The abutting portion is adapted to elastically contract and elastically recover after the bucket tooth flips, so that the bucket tooth returns to its position before flipping after the flipping.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the flipping mechanism includes a flipping plate rotatably mounted on the bottom of the conveying section and a driving structure. The driving structure is adapted to drive the flipping plate to rotate 70°~90° toward the abutting portion when the bucket teeth pass by the flipping plate. The bucket teeth flip as the flipping plate rotates, and at the same time move toward the abutting portion and compress the abutting portion. Subsequently, the driving structure resets, and the abutting portion is adapted to push the bucket teeth back to the middle of the conveying section.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the falling section and the conveying section move the bucket teeth by means of a height difference, the bottom slope of the conveying section is smaller than the top slope of the conveying section, and the flipping mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the conveying section so that the initial velocity of the bucket teeth is reduced when they flip and fall out.

[0014] A quenching process, employing the aforementioned forging residual heat quenching fixture, includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: The billet used to produce bucket teeth is heated to 1200℃±50℃ and held at that temperature for 1.5h. Then, it is fed to the forging machine every 30s through the conveyor.

[0016] S2: After the forging machine forges the billet, it is transferred from the feeding channel inside the forging machine to the transfer equipment. The temperature of the feeding channel rises as it continuously passes the bucket teeth, so that the bucket teeth have a certain heat preservation effect when they pass through. When the bucket teeth pass through the falling part, they have a sufficient initial discharge velocity due to their slope. When the bucket teeth pass through the flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism automatically flips the bucket teeth. After flipping to the second state, the bucket teeth fall from the forging machine into the conveying mechanism, and automatically rotate to the third state due to the density difference between the solid part and the hollow part of the bucket teeth. In the third state, the V-shaped solid part is stuck between the two conveying parts to prevent slippage during inclined conveying. When the bucket teeth just fall into the conveying part, the temperature of the bucket teeth is maintained at about 960℃±20℃.

[0017] S3: After each forging operation, the power equipment drives the conveying mechanism to run a set conveying distance. By setting the conveying ratio between the power equipment and the conveying mechanism, and / or adjusting the tilt angle of the conveying section, the actual quenching distance when the conveying section transports the bucket teeth is adjusted. This comprehensively controls the conveying time and quenching time of the bucket teeth on the conveying section. The bucket teeth finally fall from the conveying end of the conveying section. When falling, the solid part of the bucket teeth abuts against the conveying roller on that side. As the conveying section continues to convey, the bucket teeth turn and face the hollow part towards the conveying end of the conveying section. Thus, when the bucket teeth fall off the conveying section, their hollow part falls downwards onto the lifting structure in the quenching pool. The time taken for this process is also limited in this step.

[0018] S4: The lifting structure drives the bucket teeth to rise from the bottom of the quenching pool. The time it takes for the bucket teeth to fall from the end of the conveyor to the bottom of the quenching pool and the time it takes for the lifting structure to drive the bucket teeth to leave the quenching pool are both added to the quenching time of the bucket teeth. The time it takes for the lifting structure to drive the bucket teeth to rise and leave is controllable. It is combined with the quenching time of the bucket teeth on the conveyor section for comprehensive control, so as to control the overall quenching and cooling time of the bucket teeth, and thus control the temperature of the bucket teeth to be maintained in the range of 0~50℃ below the martensitic transformation start temperature after quenching.

[0019] S5: After the bucket teeth are lifted out of the quenching pool by the lifting structure, they are transferred to a temperature range of 460℃~560℃ and kept for 1h~1.5h, and then cooled to room temperature by air to complete the tempering.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0021] Based on the specific shape of the bucket teeth, and utilizing the density difference between their two ends, the designed conveyor unit enables automatic transport and rotation at set intervals during the process. This ensures automated quenching operations, significantly reducing the time required to transfer the bucket teeth from forging to the quenching tank compared to manual operation, thus minimizing waste heat. Furthermore, the entire process requires no human intervention, ensuring good safety. In addition, the bucket teeth can maintain a specific orientation when being transferred from the conveyor to the lifting structure, which facilitates subsequent processing of the produced bucket teeth and improves production efficiency.

[0022] The bucket teeth produced by this process make full use of the residual heat from forging, which has a positive effect on saving energy and reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the quenching fixture in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the bucket teeth during the conveying process.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the transition state of the bucket teeth between the first and second states.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bucket teeth in the second state.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bucket teeth starting to contact the driven roller.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transition state of the bucket teeth from the second state to the third state.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the third state of the bucket teeth.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting structure.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the conveying mechanism and the quenching tank.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding channel.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Forging machine; 2. Forging die; 3. Forging table; 4. Feeding channel; 5. Conveyor box; 6. Quenching tank; 7. Lifting structure; 8. Synchronous belt drive structure; 9. Bucket teeth; 91. Hollow part; 92. Solid part; 93. Maximum width point; 10. Conveying section; 101. Chain unit; 102. Conveying roller; 103. Driven roller; 12. Lifting plate; 13. Protrusion; 14. Guide column; 15. Liquid surface; 16. Falling part; 17. Conveying section. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the directional terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this application.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0039] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0040] Example:

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 11 This embodiment provides a forging residual heat quenching fixture, which is mainly used for quenching the bucket teeth 9 after forging using its forging residual heat. It includes a forging machine 1, a quenching pool 6 and a transfer device. The bucket teeth 9 are forged by the forging machine 1 and then transferred to the quenching pool 6 for quenching by the transfer device.

[0042] The bucket tooth 9 includes a solid part 92 at the tip and a hollow part 91 at the mounting end. The solid part 92 has a V-shaped cross-section, which is usually the part of the excavator bucket tooth 9 used to contact the ground and make impact. The common cross-section is V-shaped.

[0043] Based on the special shape of the bucket teeth 9, this embodiment designs a transfer device with a relatively simple principle but ingenious transfer effect: the transfer device includes a conveyor mechanism (preferably a conveyor belt or a conveyor sprocket in this embodiment), a conveyor roller 102 for driving the conveyor mechanism, and a conveyor structure for moving the bucket teeth 9 onto the conveyor mechanism.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the conveying structure includes a flipping mechanism for flipping the bucket teeth 9 at a set angle. The forging machine 1 includes a forging table 3, and a feeding channel 4 is opened at the bottom of the forging table 3. A forging mold 2 is set on the top of the forging table 3. The feeding channel 4 includes a falling part 16 and a conveying part 17. The flipping mechanism is set in the conveying part 17. The feeding channel 4 starts from the bottom of the forging mold 2. Through this height difference, the bucket teeth 9 can be made to fall by gravity. This process can be roughly divided into two steps: (1) The bucket teeth 9 are demolded from the top to the bottom of the falling part 16. At this time, it can be referred to Figure 12 As shown; (2) After the bucket tooth 9 falls to the bottom of the falling part 16, it slides obliquely from the conveying part 17 onto the conveying mechanism. During this process, the bucket tooth 9 is flipped to a specific first state by the flipping mechanism, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, its core portion 92 faces the quenching pool 6, and one end of its V-shaped cross-section is parallel to its bottom contact surface. It then falls onto the conveying mechanism while maintaining this state.

[0045] The conveying mechanism includes two conveying sections 10. A conveying outer casing 5 can be installed around each conveying section 10 to roughly fix its shape and facilitate installation. The two conveying sections 10 are spaced apart, with the distance between them being less than the maximum width of one side of the V-shaped cross-section of the solid portion 92. This maximum width can be approximated as the maximum width of the V-shaped cross-section of the solid portion 92. Figures 3 to 8 The attached figure shows the maximum width point 93; after the bucket tooth 9 falls into the conveying mechanism, one end of its V-shaped cross-section faces the conveying surface of the conveying mechanism. Obviously, during the conveying process of the conveying structure, the bucket tooth 9 has been flipped so that the solid part 92 of the V-shape faces downwards, and at the same time, the tip of the solid part 92 is facing the direction of the quenching pool 6. After the bucket tooth 9 falls into the conveying mechanism, it moves towards the quenching pool 6 through the conveying mechanism. Since the hollow part 91 of the bucket tooth 9 is lighter than the solid part 92, when the bucket tooth 9 is placed flat in the gap between the two conveying parts 10, the solid part 92 sinks and the hollow part 91 rises, so that the bucket tooth 9 automatically turns, forming the second state of conveying.

[0046] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, when the bucket tooth 9 initially falls into the conveying mechanism, the bottom surface of the solid part 92 abuts against the conveyor roller 102. Therefore, the bucket tooth 9 will not quickly transition to the second state immediately upon entering the conveying mechanism. If it directly transitions to the second state without the abutment of the conveyor roller 102 on this side, it is difficult to ensure that it will not swing back and forth during the continued conveying process. If there is swinging, it is easy for the bucket tooth 9 to slip on the conveying mechanism during subsequent conveying, thereby changing its actual conveying distance and conveying time. The conveyor roller 102 on the other side of the conveying mechanism (i.e., the conveying end side) is called the driven roller 103. When the bucket tooth 9 moves to the position of the driven roller 103, the solid part 92 abuts against the driven roller 103. As the conveying mechanism conveys, the bucket tooth 9 is rotated again. This process is the third state, which can be referred to as... Figure 8 As shown, as the conveying mechanism continues to transport the bucket teeth 9, the solid part 92 of the bucket teeth 9 will first rest against the driven roller 103, and then the bucket teeth 9 will fall from the conveying mechanism. When falling, the bucket teeth 9 will fall almost vertically. This process is the fourth state, and the hollow part 91 will fall into the quenching pool 6 with the hollow part facing down. For the bucket teeth 9 to fall to the bottom of the pool from the fourth state, in addition to facilitating the lifting and lowering operation of the lifting structure, when the bucket teeth 9 are lifted out of the liquid surface, because its hollow part 91 is facing down, it will not carry away the liquid in the quenching pool after being lifted. However, when the irregularly shaped bucket teeth 9 are lifted in the quenching pool, its hollow part 91 will inevitably carry away some coolant.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 11As shown, a lifting structure 7 is provided in the quenching pool 6. The lifting structure 7 includes a locking part that cooperates with the hollow part 91. The lifting structure 7 is suitable for lifting the bucket teeth 9 in the quenching pool 6 out of the water surface within a set time. The lifting structure 7 can be designed as an automated lifting device with a pressure sensor. After the bucket teeth 9 contact the pressure sensor at the bottom of the lifting structure 7, the lifting structure 7 automatically starts to lift the bucket teeth 9 and expose them above the liquid surface 15 of the quenching pool 6, thereby stopping the liquid cooling. In this embodiment, the conveyor 10 is obviously inclined, and it begins to be immersed in the liquid surface 15 of the quenching pool 6 at a certain set position. At this time, the bucket tooth 9 begins to quench. Before reaching this set position, the bucket tooth 9 is obviously already in the second state. During the process of the bucket tooth 9 still being on the conveyor 10 and immersed in the liquid surface 15 of the quenching pool 6, the bucket tooth 9 always maintains a state where the solid part 92 is below and the hollow part 91 is above. The solid part 92 obviously needs to ensure a higher cooling rate for quenching than the hollow part 91 to prevent the cooling rate on its outer side from being much greater than the cooling rate on its inner side, which would result in greater stress on both sides when transforming into martensite. In the second state, the solid part 92 obviously enters the quenching pool 6 first, and the solid part 92 is relatively lower than the hollow part 91. The core portion 91 is always at the bottom, which makes the liquid temperature of the solid portion 92 relatively low (because the temperature of the liquid in the lower layer is generally lower than that of the upper layer during quenching), thus ensuring that the solid portion 92 has a relatively uniform quenching cooling rate. At the same time, the individual bucket tooth 9 is relatively small compared to the quenching pool 6. During the process of being conveyed by the conveying unit 10 and immersed in the liquid surface 15 of the quenching pool 6, it has displacement in both the lateral and depth directions. The advantage of this is that the bucket tooth 9 changes its liquid area laterally while moving to a deeper area. The bucket tooth 9 itself heats the surrounding liquid. This quenching method of moving laterally and moving deeper ensures that the bucket tooth 9 can always contact the relatively low temperature liquid, thus ensuring its cooling rate. Based on the specific shape of the bucket teeth 9, this embodiment utilizes the density difference between its two ends, along with the designed conveyor unit 10, to achieve automatic transport and rotation at set intervals during the process. This ensures automated quenching operations, significantly reducing the time required to transfer the bucket teeth to the quenching tank after forging compared to manual operation. This reduces the waste of forging residual heat, and the entire process requires no manual intervention, ensuring good safety. Furthermore, the bucket teeth can maintain a specific orientation when moving from the conveyor to the lifting structure, which facilitates subsequent processing of the produced bucket teeth and improves production efficiency.

[0048] In this embodiment, the forging machine 1 includes a power unit, which is equipped with a rocker structure and a synchronous belt drive structure 8. The power unit is adapted to drive the rocker structure during the forging stroke, and the rocker structure is adapted to drive the synchronous belt drive structure. The rocker structure converts the up and down strokes of the power unit of the forging machine 1 into rotational motion of the same period. Such a structure is common in stamping or forging equipment, so it will not be described in detail in this invention. At the same time, with the design of transmission teeth with different transmission ratios of the synchronous belt, a set rotation angle can be achieved using one stroke of the power unit. In the specific case of this embodiment, it can be achieved that the conveyor roller 102 rotates a set angle within one stroke. This angle can be adjusted by the aforementioned transmission ratio. If the rotation angle of the conveyor roller 102 can be adjusted as needed, the conveying part 10 can move the bucket teeth 9 a set distance. The conveyor roller 102 has transmission teeth, and the conveying part 10 has tooth grooves. In this way, the conveyor roller 102 drives the conveying part 10 to convey a set distance. Specifically, the entire process of the power equipment moving up and down during forging constitutes one stroke. In one stroke, the corresponding conveying distance of the conveyor section 10 is 'a', and the total conveying distance at the top of the conveyor section 10 is 'b'. The actual quenching time is controlled by presetting the ratio of a and b, and presetting the length of the transmission section below the liquid level 15 in the quenching pool 6. It is worth noting that the specific values ​​of a and b are not limited in this embodiment; the focus is on the ratio of a and b. However, considering the actual length of the quenching pool, a value of b is generally suitable in the range of 2-5 meters. In this embodiment, the value of a is generally within four times the value of b. Otherwise, the transmission ratio of the synchronous belt drive structure would need to be set to a very high range, which is theoretically feasible but not conducive to actual production.

[0049] The following is a preferred embodiment: the conveying distance 'a' of the conveying section 10 in one stroke is twice the total conveying distance 'b' of the top of the conveying section 10. When the conveying section 10 is tilted, it is preferably set that the conveying section 10 starts from its middle and is below the liquid surface 15 of the quenching pool 6. Then, the actual quenching distance traveled by the bucket tooth 9 is half of 'b'. The total duration of one stroke is 20 seconds, and there is a 5-second interval between two adjacent strokes. During the interval, the conveying section 10 obviously does not convey. At this time, the bucket tooth 9 can be regarded as undergoing a preliminary slow cooling process on the conveying section 10. The corresponding running time of the conveying section 10 is 20 seconds. Under one stroke, the actual quenching time of the bucket tooth 9 on the conveying section 10 is one-quarter of the stroke, which is 5 seconds. This is the conveying time when the bucket tooth 9 is still on the conveying section 10. The time when the bucket tooth 9 falls to the bottom of the pool and is lifted out of the liquid surface 15 by the lifting structure 7 should also be included in the total quenching time. Therefore, in this preferred embodiment, the total quenching time is about 10 seconds. Since the height of the conveying end of the conveying section 10 is constant within the quenching pool 6, the time it takes for the bucket teeth 9 to detach from the conveying section 10 and reach the bottom of the pool is a relatively stable value. The lifting structure 7 can also be adjusted according to the lifting speed of the lifting structure 7 to lift the bucket teeth 9 away from the liquid surface 15. In this embodiment, the preferred total quenching time is 10s-30s.

[0050] The conveying section 10 includes multiple chain units 101, which are connected end-to-end to form a conveying chain. The distance between the centers of two adjacent chain units 101 is c. Two conveying chains are spaced apart to form the conveying section 10. The value of a is n times c, where n is a positive integer and greater than or equal to 3. Based on the above principle, those skilled in the art can easily adjust the ratio to achieve different quenching times, etc. When setting the stroke time and the conveying distance a of the conveying section 10 in one stroke, it is prioritized that a is greater than b. This ensures that the bucket teeth 9, after falling into the conveying section 10, fall within one stroke of the forging machine 1.

[0051] The lifting structure 7 includes a lifting part for lifting and a guide structure disposed around the lifting part. The guide structure includes a pair of guide posts 14 with inclined surfaces on their inner sides. The inclined surfaces of the pair of guide posts 14 form a guide space for restricting the movement of the bucket teeth 9 in the quenching pool 6. The lifting part includes a lifting plate 12 for lifting the bucket teeth 9. A protrusion 13 is formed on the top of the lifting plate 12. When the hollow part 91 of the bucket teeth 9 falls, it is guided through the guide space to the top of the protrusion 13. Obviously, the bucket teeth 9 conveyed by the above-mentioned conveying section 10 can be flipped to the fourth state. However, in the fourth state, the hollow part 91 falls downward into the bottom of the quenching pool 6. At this time, since the bucket teeth 9 are flipped and the final discharge angle may be around 90°, the bucket teeth 9 may not be falling vertically. When falling freely into the bottom of the pool, its initial state has a certain tilt, and when it reaches the bottom of the pool, it may become a flat state. In this way, the lifting structure 7 cannot stably lift the bucket teeth 9. To avoid this situation, this embodiment uses a guide structure. When the bucket teeth 9 fall from the conveying section 10, the side of the bucket teeth 9 that is close to the guide structure will approach and contact the guide structure before falling into the bottom of the pool. Thus, the falling bucket teeth 9 will be guided and corrected by the guide structure, and finally fall stably onto the lifting plate 12 of the lifting structure 7. At the same time, the hollow part 91 cooperates with the protrusion 13. At this time, the lifting structure 7 can stably lift the bucket teeth 9 to leave the liquid surface 15.

[0052] As a specific preferred embodiment of the flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism includes a flipping part and an abutting part. When the bucket tooth 9 passes through the flipping part, the flipping part is adapted to start and begin flipping the bucket tooth 9. When the bucket tooth 9 flips, it approaches and abuts the abutting part. The abutting part is adapted to elastically contract and elastically recover after the bucket tooth 9 finishes flipping, so that the bucket tooth 9 returns to its position before flipping after flipping.

[0053] The tilting mechanism includes a tilting plate rotatably mounted at the bottom of the conveying section 17 and a drive structure. The drive structure is adapted to drive the tilting plate to rotate 70°~90° towards the abutment portion when the bucket teeth 9 pass by. The bucket teeth 9 tilt with the rotation of the tilting plate, and at the same time move towards the abutment portion and compress the abutment portion. Then the drive structure resets, and the abutment portion is adapted to push the bucket teeth 9 back to the middle of the conveying section 17. The drive structure can be a combination of a rotary motor and a pressure sensor. The bottom of the tilting plate is mounted via a hinge shaft, and after installation, the tilting plate will not protrude from the conveying plane of the conveying section 17 of the falling channel to prevent interference. The rotary motor can drive the hinge shaft at the bottom of the tilting plate to rotate, thereby driving the tilting plate to tilt. The pressure sensor can be set at the bottom of the tilting plate. When the bucket teeth 9 pass by, the pressure sensor senses the pressure and controls the rotary motor to automatically start and complete the process of driving the tilting plate to rotate 70°~90° and then reset. After the tilting plate resets, the abutment portion springs the bucket teeth 9 back, so that it returns to the middle of the conveying section 17 of the feeding channel 4, thereby completing a stable discharge.

[0054] The aforementioned falling section 16 and conveying section 17 move the bucket teeth 9 through a height difference. The bottom slope of the conveying section 17 is smaller than the top slope of the conveying section 17. The flipping mechanism is located at the bottom of the conveying section 17 to reduce the initial velocity of the bucket teeth 9 when it flips and falls. The falling section 16 has a larger slope, which can reduce the dwell time of the bucket teeth 9. (See attached diagram) Figure 1 As shown, the space at the conveying section 17 is relatively enclosed, and the forging machine 1 base is located on all sides. A high-temperature resistant coating or reinforcement layer can be installed around this area to reduce the problem of the base's durability being reduced due to continuous high temperatures during operation. When the material arrives at the conveying section 17, the slope decreases. At this time, the clamping speed of the bucket teeth 9 is almost zero when it flips because of the flipping plate and the abutment part. The smaller slope ensures that the bucket teeth 9 can stably land on the preset position on the conveying section 10 after material feeding, so as to prevent the bucket teeth 9 from slipping after falling into the conveying section 10 due to excessive initial velocity, thus affecting the actual quenching time.

[0055] Another aspect of this application provides a quenching process, one preferred embodiment of which includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: The billets used to produce the bucket teeth 9 are heated to 1200℃±50℃ in batches and kept at that temperature for 1.5h. Then, they are fed to the forging machine 1 every 30s through the conveyor 10. During forging, a complete stroke lasts 20s. After one stroke, the bucket teeth 9 are demolded and unloaded, and the time reserved for loading the next bucket teeth 9 is 10s.

[0057] S2: After the forging machine 1 forges the billet, it is transferred to the transfer equipment through the feeding channel 4 inside the forging machine 1. The temperature of the feeding channel 4 rises as it continuously passes the bucket teeth 9, so that the subsequent bucket teeth 9 have a certain heat preservation effect. When the bucket teeth 9 pass through the falling part 16, its slope has a sufficient initial discharge velocity. When the bucket teeth 9 pass through the flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism automatically flips the bucket teeth 9. After flipping to the second state, the bucket teeth 9 fall from the forging machine 1 into the conveying mechanism, and automatically rotates to the third state due to the density difference between the solid part 92 and the hollow part 91 of the bucket teeth 9. In the third state, the V-shaped solid part 92 is stuck between the two conveying parts 10 to keep it from slipping during inclined conveying. When the bucket teeth 9 just falls into the conveying part 10, the temperature of the bucket teeth 9 is maintained at 960℃±20℃. The quenching temperature of the bucket teeth 9 can be controlled by adjusting the interval time between the two strokes of the forging machine. Of course, an additional heating device can also be set to control the quenching temperature.

[0058] S3: After each forging operation, the power equipment drives the conveying mechanism to run a set conveying distance. By setting the conveying ratio between the power equipment and the conveying mechanism, and / or adjusting the tilt angle of the conveying section 10, the actual quenching distance when the conveying section 10 transports the bucket teeth 9 is adjusted, so as to comprehensively control the conveying time and quenching time of the bucket teeth 9 on the conveying section 10. Finally, the bucket teeth 9 fall from the conveying end of the conveying section 10. When falling, the solid part 92 of the bucket teeth 9 abuts against the conveying roller 102 on that side. As the conveying section 10 continues to convey, the bucket teeth 9 turn and face the hollow part 91 towards the conveying end of the conveying section 10. Thus, when the bucket teeth 9 fall from the conveying section 10, its hollow part 91 falls downward into the lifting structure 7 in the quenching pool 6. The time taken for this process is also limited in this step.

[0059] S4: The lifting structure 7 drives the bucket teeth 9 to rise from the bottom of the quenching pool 6. The time it takes for the bucket teeth 9 to fall from the end of the conveyor to the bottom of the quenching pool 6 and the time it takes for the lifting structure 7 to drive the bucket teeth 9 to leave the quenching pool 6 are both added to the quenching time of the bucket teeth 9. The time it takes for the lifting structure 7 to drive the bucket teeth 9 to rise and leave can be controlled. This is combined with the quenching time of the bucket teeth 9 on the conveyor section 10 to control the overall quenching and cooling time of the bucket teeth 9. This controls the temperature of the bucket teeth 9 to be kept within the range of 0~50℃ below the martensitic transformation start temperature before the end of quenching, so as to complete the martensitic transformation.

[0060] S5: After the bucket teeth 9 are lifted out of the quenching pool 6 by the lifting structure 7, they are transferred to a temperature range of 460℃~560℃ and held for 1h~1.5h. Then, they are cooled to room temperature by air. This process is a tempering process, which is used to reduce the internal stress of the finished product.

[0061] Through the above processes, the bucket tooth 9 can be continuously produced in a production line-like manner, and the quenching time can be freely set as needed. It can simultaneously meet the process requirements of directly quenching the bucket tooth 9 into finished products or quenching and then tempering it into finished products. During production, the process can be freely selected as needed, making full use of the residual heat from forging. This has a positive effect on saving energy and reducing production costs.

[0062] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection claimed by this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A forging residual heat quenching fixture for quenching bucket teeth, comprising a forging machine, a quenching tank, and a transfer device, wherein the bucket teeth comprise a solid portion at the tip and a hollow portion at the mounting end, the solid portion having a V-shaped cross-section, characterized in that, After the bucket teeth are forged by the forging machine, one side of the solid V-shaped section is facing the conveying surface of the transfer equipment when they fall into the transfer equipment. The conveying surface of the transfer equipment has a gap with a width smaller than the maximum width of the solid V-shaped section. The transfer equipment has a blocking structure at the outlet end of the gap, which is lower than the height of the conveying surface. When the bucket teeth fall into the transfer equipment, they are adapted to automatically turn by the density difference between their two ends so that the solid part of the bucket teeth enters the quenching pool facing downwards. When the bucket teeth leave the transfer equipment, the bottom of the bucket teeth acts on the blocking structure so that the bucket teeth rotate until the hollow part falls out of the transfer equipment facing downwards. The quenching pool is equipped with a lifting structure, which is adapted to operate when the bucket teeth sink to the bottom and lift the bucket teeth out of the liquid surface. The transfer equipment includes a conveying mechanism, a conveying roller for driving the conveying mechanism, and a conveying structure for moving the bucket teeth onto the conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism includes two conveying sections, which are spaced apart and the distance between them is less than the width of one side of the solid V-shaped cross-section. The bucket teeth are forged by the forging machine and then conveyed by the conveying structure. During this conveying process, the bucket teeth are flipped so that the solid part of the V-shape faces downwards, with the tip of the solid part pointing towards the quenching pool. The bucket teeth then fall into the conveying mechanism and move towards the quenching pool. The hollow part of the bucket teeth is lighter than the solid part. When the bucket teeth are placed flat in the gap between the two conveying sections, the solid part sinks while the hollow part rises, causing the bucket teeth to automatically turn. When the bucket teeth initially fall into the conveying mechanism, the bottom surface of the solid part abuts against the conveying roller. A driven roller is provided on the other side of the conveying mechanism. When the bucket teeth move to the position of the driven roller, the solid part abuts against the driven roller. As the conveying mechanism continues to convey the bucket teeth, they are rotated again. As the conveying mechanism continues to convey the bucket teeth, they fall from the conveying mechanism, keeping the hollow part facing downwards as they fall into the quenching pool. The driven roller forms the blocking structure.

2. The forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying unit includes multiple chain units, which are connected end-to-end to form a conveying chain. The distance between the centers of two adjacent chain units is c. Two conveying chains are spaced apart to form the conveying unit. The value of a is n times c, where n is a positive integer and n is greater than or equal to 3. The forging machine includes a forging table and a feeding channel at the bottom of the forging table. A forging die is provided at the top of the forging table. The feeding channel includes a falling part and a conveying part. The falling part is provided with a buffer structure. The conveying structure includes a flipping mechanism for flipping the bucket teeth by a set angle. The flipping mechanism is located within the conveying part.

3. The forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The flipping mechanism includes a flipping part and an abutting part. When the bucket tooth passes through the flipping part, the flipping part is adapted to start and begin flipping the bucket tooth. When the bucket tooth flips, it approaches and abuts the abutting part. The abutting part is adapted to elastically contract and elastically recover after the bucket tooth flips, so that the bucket tooth returns to its position before flipping.

4. The forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The forging machine includes a power unit, which is equipped with a rocker arm structure and a synchronous belt drive structure. During the forging stroke, the power unit is adapted to drive the rocker arm structure, which in turn drives the synchronous belt drive structure, thereby causing the conveyor roller to rotate at a set angle, so that the conveyor section moves the bucket teeth a set distance. The conveyor roller has drive teeth, and the conveyor section has tooth grooves. The entire process of the power unit moving up and down during forging is one stroke. In one stroke, the corresponding conveying distance of the conveyor section is a, and the total conveying distance at the top of the conveyor section is b. The actual quenching time is adjusted by presetting the ratio of a and b and presetting the length of the conveyor section below the liquid surface of the quenching pool.

5. The forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When a is twice b, and the conveying part is tilted, it is set that the conveying part starts from the middle and is below the liquid surface of the quenching pool. Then the actual quenching distance of the bucket teeth is half of b. The total duration of one stroke is 20s, and the interval between two adjacent strokes is 5s. The actual quenching time of the bucket teeth on the conveying part is 5s. The time for the bucket teeth to fall to the bottom of the pool and be lifted out of the liquid surface by the lifting structure is also set to 5s, so that the total quenching time is 10s.

6. The forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting structure includes a lifting part for lifting and a guide structure disposed around the lifting part. The guide structure includes a pair of guide posts with inclined surfaces on their inner sides. The inclined surfaces of the pair of guide posts form a guide space for restricting the movement of the bucket teeth in the quenching tank. The lifting part includes a lifting plate for lifting the bucket teeth. A protrusion is formed on the top of the lifting plate. When the hollow part of the bucket teeth falls, it is guided through the guide space to the top of the protrusion.

7. The forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The flipping mechanism includes a flipping plate rotatably mounted on the bottom of the conveying section and a driving structure. The driving structure is adapted to drive the flipping plate to rotate 70°~90° toward the abutting portion when the bucket teeth pass by the flipping plate. The bucket teeth flip as the flipping plate rotates, and at the same time move toward the abutting portion and compress the abutting portion. Subsequently, the driving structure resets, and the abutting portion is adapted to push the bucket teeth back to the middle of the conveying section.

8. The forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The falling section and the conveying section move the bucket teeth by means of a height difference. The bottom slope of the conveying section is smaller than the top slope of the conveying section. The flipping mechanism is located at the bottom of the conveying section so that the initial velocity of the bucket teeth is reduced when they flip and fall out.

9. A quenching process, comprising the forging residual heat quenching fixture as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The billet used to produce the bucket teeth is heated to 1200℃±50℃ and held at that temperature for 1.5h. Then, it is fed to the forging machine every 30s through the conveyor. S2: After the forging machine forges the billet, it is transferred from the feeding channel inside the forging machine to the transfer equipment. The temperature of the feeding channel rises as it continuously passes the bucket teeth, so that the bucket teeth have a certain heat preservation effect when they pass through. When the bucket teeth pass through the falling part, they have a sufficient initial discharge velocity due to their slope. When the bucket teeth pass through the flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism automatically flips the bucket teeth. After flipping to the second state, the bucket teeth fall from the forging machine into the conveying mechanism, and automatically rotate to the third state due to the density difference between the solid part and the hollow part of the bucket teeth. In the third state, the V-shaped solid part is stuck between the two conveying parts to prevent slippage during inclined conveying. When the bucket teeth just fall into the conveying part, the temperature of the bucket teeth is maintained at 960℃±20℃. S3: After each forging operation, the power equipment drives the conveying mechanism to run a set conveying distance. By setting the conveying ratio between the power equipment and the conveying mechanism, and / or adjusting the tilt angle of the conveying section, the actual quenching distance when the conveying section transports the bucket teeth is adjusted. This comprehensively controls the conveying time and quenching time of the bucket teeth on the conveying section. The bucket teeth finally fall from the conveying end of the conveying section. When falling, the solid part of the bucket teeth abuts against the conveying roller on that side. As the conveying section continues to convey, the bucket teeth turn and face the hollow part towards the conveying end of the conveying section. Thus, when the bucket teeth fall off the conveying section, their hollow part falls downwards onto the lifting structure in the quenching pool. The time taken for this process is also limited in this step. S4: The lifting structure drives the bucket teeth to rise from the bottom of the quenching pool. The time it takes for the bucket teeth to fall from the end of the conveyor to the bottom of the quenching pool and the time it takes for the lifting structure to drive the bucket teeth to leave the quenching pool are both added to the quenching time of the bucket teeth. The time it takes for the lifting structure to drive the bucket teeth to rise and leave is controllable. It is combined with the quenching time of the bucket teeth on the conveyor section for comprehensive control, so as to control the overall quenching and cooling time of the bucket teeth, and thus control the temperature of the bucket teeth to be maintained in the range of 0~50℃ below the martensitic transformation start temperature after quenching. S5: After the bucket teeth are lifted out of the quenching pool by the lifting structure, they are transferred to a temperature range of 460℃~560℃ and kept for 1h~1.5h, and then placed in air to cool to room temperature.

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