Multifunctional experimental device and operation method for complex deposition conditions of oil well borehole

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional experimental device for complex deposition conditions of an oil well wellbore and an operating method, relates to the technical field of wellbore flow safety guarantee, and comprises a three-phase separator, a desander connected with the three-phase separator through a pipeline, a buffer tank connected with the desander through a pipeline, an experimental pipeline connected with the buffer tank at one end and connected with an air compressor at the other end, and a mixing tank connected with the air compressor and the experimental pipeline at one end. The simulation experimental device contains multiple functional modules, can simulate multiple on-site oil well internal multiphase and single-phase flow conditions, can simulate the deposition conditions of four-phase mixed liquids of oil, gas, water and solid in different proportions, and can realize flexible adjustment according to different component proportions, simulate the wellbore solid component deposition conditions under different conditions of oil-water ratio, dissolved gas type, dissolved gas amount, sand content and pressure, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wellbore flow safety assurance technology, specifically to a multifunctional experimental device and operating method for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wells. Background Technology

[0002] The fluid flow conditions inside oil wellbores are complex, often involving single-phase flow and complex multiphase flow conditions such as bubbly flow, slug flow, and clumping flow. Simultaneously, the crude oil composition is highly complex, containing saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and cycloalkanes. Wax components, gums, and asphaltenes in the crude oil precipitate due to pressure and temperature changes during flow. These precipitated gums, asphaltenes, and wax components adhere to and deposit on the wellbore walls and in surface pipelines, reducing the pipeline inner diameter and effective flow area, thereby increasing pipeline pressure drop and significantly reducing well production. When the thickness and hardness of the deposits inside the wellbore reach a certain level, they can even completely block the well, causing production shutdown and seriously threatening the safety of the oil and gas field extraction system, as well as affecting the normal development and economic benefits of the oil and gas field. Furthermore, during oil and gas field development, wellbore depths are constantly breaking records; the deepest oil wells in my country are approaching 10,000 meters. The fluid flow within the wellbore experiences significant temperature and pressure differences, making the flow patterns even more complex. Wellbore spaces are confined, and construction is costly and challenging. If wax blockage or other issues occur in the wellbore, significant manpower, material resources, and financial resources must be invested in unblocking operations, severely impacting the normal production and development of oil and gas fields. The issue of ensuring flow safety in ultra-deep and extra-deep wells is also even more prominent.

[0003] Due to the complex flow conditions within wellbores, conventional empirical formulas or software calculations cannot fully represent the actual flow conditions in real wellbores. These complexities are primarily manifested in the diversity of oil and gas components, large pressure differentials, and significant temperature fluctuations, resulting in varying production conditions and deposition patterns at different depths. Therefore, establishing a wellbore wall deposition experimental setup is a necessary and reliable method for revealing the deposition process and characteristics. Current experimental setups suffer from incomplete consideration of factors, inflexible operation, low precision, low efficiency, and limited experimental conditions, hindering efficient and precise experimental research on various complex wellbore flow conditions. Therefore, a multifunctional experimental setup and operating method for complex deposition conditions in oil wellbores are needed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional experimental device and operating method for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wells, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A multifunctional experimental setup for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores, including:

[0007] Three-phase separator;

[0008] A sand separator, which is connected to a three-phase separator via a pipeline;

[0009] A buffer tank, which is connected to a sand separator via a pipeline;

[0010] An experimental pipeline, one end of which is connected to a buffer tank, and the other end of which is connected to an air compressor;

[0011] A mixing tank, one end of which is connected to an air compressor and an experimental pipeline, the angle of which is adjustable; and the other end of which is connected to a sand tank, a water tank, an oil tank, and a gas tank.

[0012] The water tank, oil tank, and gas tank are all connected to a three-phase separator at one end, and each connecting pipeline is equipped with a corresponding control valve.

[0013] Preferably, the three-phase separator has a liquid inlet, an air outlet, an oil outlet, and a water outlet on its side wall. The three-phase separator has a wave-dissipating plate and a float level gauge inside. A float is slidably connected to the float level gauge rod. The top of the three-phase separator has a defoamer and an demister. The bottom of the three-phase separator has an oil-draining plate and a liftable baffle. The liftable baffle divides the interior of the three-phase separator into an oil chamber and a mixing chamber. An observation window is provided on the side wall of the three-phase separator.

[0014] Preferably, the sand remover is provided with a liquid outlet, an air outlet, and a liquid inlet. One end of the air outlet is connected to a defoamer. The internal cavity of the sand remover forms a sand removal chamber. The bottom of the sand remover is provided with a sand collector and a sand collection trough.

[0015] Preferably, the buffer tank is provided with a liquid inlet three, an air outlet three and a liquid outlet two, the buffer tank is provided with a mud and sand baffle inside, the internal cavity of the buffer tank forms a buffer chamber, and the bottom of the buffer tank is provided with a buckle, a sand-blocking base and a sand-blocking plate.

[0016] Preferably, the experimental pipe has a groove inside, and an attachment piece is detachably connected in the groove. The outer wall of the experimental pipe has a water-guiding spiral groove, and the outside of the water-guiding spiral groove is wrapped with thermal insulation material, which is distributed with different thicknesses along the axial direction of the experimental pipe.

[0017] A rotating shaft is connected to one side wall of the experimental pipe. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a "V"-shaped bracket. A support plate is integrally connected to the "V"-shaped bracket. A protractor is provided on the support plate. An angle indicator is provided on the experimental pipe. A fixing bolt is connected to the other side wall of the experimental pipe. The angle of the experimental pipe is fixed by the fixing bolt and the fixing nut. The support plate is provided with an arc-shaped bolt fixing groove for adjusting the angle of the experimental pipe.

[0018] The rotating shaft is provided with a rotating damper structure, which includes an N-pole magnet and an S-pole magnet. The N-pole magnet and the S-pole magnet are mounted on the rotating shaft. A coil is provided at a corresponding position on the "V"-shaped bracket. A switch is connected to both ends of the coil.

[0019] Preferably, the mixing tank is provided with an oil inlet, a water inlet, a liquid outlet, and an air inlet. A stirring blade is rotatably connected inside the mixing tank. An electric motor for driving the stirring blade is installed at the upper end of the mixing tank. A liquid sprayer is provided at one end of the oil inlet and the water inlet inside the mixing tank.

[0020] Preferably, the top of the sand jar is provided with a top cover and a rotating latch. The top cover is rotatably connected to the sand jar via a second rotating shaft. The inside of the sand jar is a jar cavity, and the side of the sand jar is provided with a second observation window.

[0021] Preferably, the water tank is provided with a second water inlet, a first temperature and pressure controller, and a third water inlet on the outside. An electromagnetic generator and a heating metal are provided at the bottom of the water tank. A steam pipe is provided on one side of the water tank, and a water valve is connected to one end of the steam pipe. A water inlet valve is provided at the bottom of the water tank.

[0022] The oil tank is provided with an oil inlet 2 and a liquid outlet 4 on the outside. An online viscometer and a temperature and pressure controller 2 are installed on the side wall of the oil tank. A heating wire is provided inside the oil tank. A stirring base is rotatably connected to the bottom of the oil tank. An N pole magnet 2 and an S pole magnet 2 are installed on the stirring base. A spiral coil is installed around the liquid outlet 4.

[0023] Preferably, the gas tank is provided with an air inlet, a temperature and pressure controller, a safety valve and an air outlet on the outside, and a heating metal plate is provided inside the gas tank.

[0024] The operation method of the multifunctional experimental device under complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbore includes the following steps:

[0025] S1: First, turn on the heating device of the oil storage tank to heat the crude oil, start the solenoid valve generator of the water tank to heat the water in the tank, start the heating metal plate of the gas storage tank to heat the gas in the tank, and make the properties of oil, gas and water meet the experimental requirements.

[0026] S2: Transport oil, gas, water, and sediment to the mixing tank for mixing;

[0027] S3: The mixed oil, gas, water, and sediment are pressurized and transported to the experimental pipeline for sedimentation;

[0028] S4: After deposition is complete, the attached sheet is removed for sampling and testing to complete the experiment.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The simulation experimental device involved in this invention includes multiple functional modules, which can simulate various multiphase and single-phase flow conditions inside oil wells, and can simulate the deposition of four-phase mixtures of oil, gas, water and solid with different proportions. It can also flexibly adjust the proportions of different components to simulate the deposition of solid components in the wellbore under different conditions such as oil-water ratio, dissolved gas type, dissolved gas content, sand content, and pressure.

[0031] 2. The experimental pipe angle of this invention is adjustable, which can simulate the effect of different angles on the deposits in the pipe under the same flow conditions. The rotational damping structure is used to assist in the adjustment of the experimental pipe angle, making the experimental device more convenient to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase separator structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sand remover structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer tank structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental pipeline structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental pipe cross-section and the attachment plate extractor of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing tank structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sand tank structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the oil tank structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the gas tank structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the attachment plate support and sampling shovel structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the stress detection device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental pipe angle adjustment structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental pipeline rotation damper structure of the present invention.

[0047] In the diagram: 1. Desander outlet valve; 2. Buffer tank outlet valve; 3. Desander inlet valve; 4. Secondary pressure reducing valve; 5. Primary pressure reducing valve; 6. Buffer tank flow meter; 7. Outlet flange valve; 8. Inlet flange valve; 9. Air compressor valve; 10. Mixing flow meter; 11. Secondary booster pump; 12. Primary booster pump; 13. Check valve; 14. Solid flow meter; 15. Water flow meter; 16. Water outlet tank valve; 17. Oil flow meter; 18. Gas flow meter; 19. Oil storage tank valve; 20. Air outlet tank valve; 21. Water inlet tank valve; 22. Oil inlet tank valve; 23. Air inlet tank valve; 24. Oil inlet tank flow meter; 25. Oil valve; 26. Gas inlet tank flow meter; 27. Gas valve; 28. Mixing valve; 29. ​​Water control valve; 30. Water inlet tank flow meter.

[0048] 100. Three-phase separator; 101. Liquid inlet 1; 102. Wave bleeder; 103. Float level gauge; 104. Gas outlet 1; 105. Defoamer / demister 1; 106. Observation window 1; 107. Oil chamber; 108. Liftable baffle; 109. Oil outlet; 110. Water outlet; 111. Oil venting plate; 112. Mixing chamber; 113. Float;

[0049] 200. Sand remover; 201. Liquid outlet 1; 202. Air outlet 2; 203. Defoamer and demister 2; 204. Liquid inlet 2; 205. Sand removal chamber; 206. Sand collector; 207. Sand collection trough;

[0050] 300. Buffer tank; 301. Liquid inlet three; 302. Sludge baffle; 303. Air outlet three; 304. Buffer chamber; 305. Liquid outlet two; 306. Lock; 307. Sand baffle base; 308. Sand baffle plate;

[0051] 400. Experimental pipe; 401. Attachment plate; 402. Slot; 403. Thermal insulation material; 404. Water-guiding spiral groove; 405. Angle indicator; 406. Protractor; 407. Rotating shaft one; 408. Support plate; 409. Fixing bolt; 410. Fixing nut; 411. North pole magnet one; 412. South pole magnet one; 413. Coil one; 414. Switch; 415. Attachment plate extractor;

[0052] 500. Air compressor;

[0053] 600. Mixing tank; 601. Oil inlet 1; 602. Electric motor; 603. Water inlet 1; 604. Liquid outlet 3; 605. Stirring blades; 606. Air inlet 1; 607. Injector;

[0054] 700. Sand container; 701. Observation window two; 702. Rotating latch; 703. Top cover; 704. Rotating shaft two; 705. Container cavity;

[0055] 800. Water tank; 801. Water inlet 2; 802. Temperature and pressure controller 1; 803. Water valve; 804. Steam pipe; 805. Water inlet 3; 806. Water inlet valve; 807. Electromagnetic generator; 808. Heating metal;

[0056] 900. Oil tank; 901. Oil inlet 2; 902. Heating wire; 903. Stirring base; 904. Liquid outlet 4; 905. Online viscometer; 906. Temperature and pressure controller 2; 907. N pole magnet 2; 908. S pole magnet 2; 909. Spiral coil;

[0057] 1000. Gas cylinder; 1001. Air inlet 2; 1002. Temperature and pressure controller 3; 1003. Safety valve; 1004. Air outlet 4; 1005. Heating metal plate;

[0058] 2001, Attachment plate support; 2002, Sediment sampling shovel; 2003, Angle adjuster; 2004, Height adjuster one; 2005, Pulley rail; 2006, Roller; 2007, Height adjuster two; 2008, Stress sampling shovel; 2009, Traction rope; 2010, Stress detector; 2011, Pulley; 2012, Power gearbox. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0060] Please see Figure 1-15 The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0061] A multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores includes: a three-phase separator 100; the three-phase separator 100 has a liquid inlet 101, a gas outlet 104, an oil outlet 109, and a water outlet 110 on its sidewall; the three-phase separator 100 has a wave-dissipating plate 102 and a float level gauge 103 inside; a float 113 is slidably connected to the float level gauge rod 103; and a defoamer 105 is provided on the top of the three-phase separator 100. The bottom of the three-phase separator 100 is provided with an oil-repellent plate 111 and a liftable baffle 108. The liftable baffle 108 divides the interior of the three-phase separator 100 into an oil chamber 107 and a mixing chamber 112. An observation window 106 is provided on the side wall of the three-phase separator 100. The height of the liftable baffle 108 can be changed according to the height of the float 113. The separated water flows out from the bottom left pipe and into the water tank 800, while the oil enters the right side chamber of the baffle and then flows out through the oil outlet pipe into the oil tank 900.

[0062] A sand separator 200 is connected to a three-phase separator 100 via a pipeline. The sand separator 200 is provided with a liquid outlet 201, an air outlet 202, and a liquid inlet 204. One end of the air outlet 202 is connected to a defoamer 203. The internal cavity of the sand separator 200 forms a sand removal chamber 205. The bottom of the sand separator 200 is provided with a sand collector 206 and a sand collection trough 207.

[0063] A buffer tank 300 is connected to a sand remover 200 via a pipeline. The buffer tank 300 is provided with a liquid inlet 301, an air outlet 303, and a liquid outlet 305. A mud and sand baffle 302 is provided inside the buffer tank 300. The internal cavity of the buffer tank 300 forms a buffer chamber 304. A lock 306, a sand-blocking base 307, and a sand-blocking plate 308 are provided at the bottom of the buffer tank 300. A sand remover air outlet valve 1, a buffer tank air outlet valve 2, and an air inlet valve 23 are installed on the pipeline connecting the buffer tank 300 and the air tank 1000.

[0064] An experimental pipe 400 is provided, one end of which is connected to a buffer tank 300, and the other end of which is connected to an air compressor 500. An inlet flange valve 8 and an air compressor valve 9 are installed on the connecting pipe between the experimental pipe 400 and the air compressor 500. The experimental pipe 400 has an internal groove 402, within which an attachment piece 401 is detachably connected. The outer wall of the experimental pipe 400 has a water-guiding spiral groove 404, which is externally wrapped with insulation material 403. Figure 5As shown, the thermal insulation material 403 is distributed with different thicknesses along the axial direction of the experimental pipe 400. It can be used in conjunction with the water bath sleeve to simulate the effect of different pipe temperatures on the deposits. The attachment sheet 401 can be made of different materials, and its surface can also be coated with different experimental materials or have its surface roughness changed to achieve different experimental purposes.

[0065] A rotating shaft 407 is connected to one side wall of the experimental pipe 400. The rotating shaft 407 is rotatably connected to a "V"-shaped bracket. A support plate 408 is integrally connected to the "V"-shaped bracket. A protractor 406 is provided on the support plate 408. An angle indicator 405 is provided on the experimental pipe 400. A fixing bolt 409 is connected to the other side wall of the experimental pipe 400. The angle of the experimental pipe 400 is fixed by the fixing bolt 409 and the fixing nut 410. The support plate 408 is provided with an arc-shaped bolt fixing groove for adjusting the angle of the experimental pipe 400. The experimental pipe 400 can be rotated to simulate the effect of different tilt angles on sediments.

[0066] A rotation damper structure is provided on the rotating shaft 407. The rotation damper structure includes an N-pole magnet 411 and an S-pole magnet 412, which are mounted on the rotating shaft 407. A coil 413 is provided at a corresponding position on the "V"-shaped bracket, and a switch 414 is connected to both ends of the coil 413. The angle of the experimental pipe 400 is controlled by changing the position of the fixing bolt 409 and the fixing nut 410 on the support plate 408. A rotation damping structure is provided at the rotating shaft 407 of the experimental pipe 400. When the experimental pipe 400... During rotation, the coil inside the rotating shaft 407 cuts the magnetic field lines, generating a certain resistance during rotation, with the resistance increasing as the speed increases. This is to prevent the experimental pipe 400 from rotating too quickly due to insecure fixation and damaging the experimental apparatus. When the damper is not needed, switch 414 can be disconnected. At this time, the coil is open-circuited and no Ampere resistance is generated, so the damper does not function. When it is necessary to straighten the experimental pipe 400 (adjust the experimental pipe 400 to a vertical position), the damper can be connected to an external power source while simultaneously closing switch 414. At this time, the damper provides a thrust to help adjust the angle of the experimental pipe 400.

[0067] A mixing tank 600 is connected at one end to an air compressor 500 and an experimental pipeline 400. A mixing flow meter 10, a secondary booster pump 11, and a primary booster pump 12 are installed on the connecting pipeline between the air compressor 500 and the mixing tank 600. The experimental pipeline 400 has an adjustable angle. The other end of the mixing tank 600 is connected to a sand tank 700, a water tank 800, an oil tank 900, and an air tank 1000. The mixing tank 600 is equipped with an oil inlet 601, a water inlet 603, a liquid outlet 604, and an air inlet 606. A stirring blade 605 is rotatably connected inside the mixing tank 600. An electric motor 602 for driving the stirring blade 605 to rotate is installed at the upper end of the mixing tank 600. An oil inlet 601 and a water inlet 603 are located inside the mixing tank 600, and a liquid sprayer 607 is provided at one end. The mixing tank 600 can mix oil and water two-phase, oil and gas two-phase, oil, gas and water three-phase, and oil, gas, water and solid four-phase according to different experimental requirements. Each outlet valve and flow meter can be used in conjunction with the mixing tank 600 to adjust the oil, gas, water and solid outlet ratio, and can complete different ratio mixing according to different experimental requirements.

[0068] The sand jar 700 is provided with a top cover 703 and a rotating bayonet 702 on the top. The top cover 703 is rotatably connected to the sand jar 700 through a rotating shaft 704. The interior of the sand jar 700 is a jar cavity 705. The side of the sand jar 700 is provided with an observation window 701.

[0069] The water tank 800 is externally equipped with a second water inlet 801, a temperature and pressure controller 802, and a third water inlet 805. An electromagnetic generator 807 and a heating element 808 are located at the bottom of the water tank 800. A steam pipe 804 is located on one side of the water tank 800, with one end of the steam pipe 804 connected to a water valve 803. A water inlet valve 806 is located at the bottom of the water tank 800. A water flow meter 15 and a water outlet valve 16 are installed on the connecting pipeline between the water tank 800 and the mixing tank 600. A water inlet valve 21, a water inlet flow meter 30, and a water control valve 29 are installed on the connecting pipeline between the water tank 800 and the oil tank 900.

[0070] The oil tank 900 is provided with an oil inlet 901 and a liquid outlet 904 on its exterior. An online viscometer 905 and a temperature and pressure controller 906 are installed on the side wall of the oil tank 900. A heating wire 902 is provided inside the oil tank 900. A stirring base 903 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the oil tank 900. An N-pole magnet 907 and an S-pole magnet 908 are installed on the stirring base 903. A spiral coil 909 is installed around the liquid outlet 904.

[0071] The gas tank 1000 is externally equipped with an air inlet 1001, a temperature and pressure controller 1002, a safety valve 1003, and an air outlet 1004. The gas tank 1000 is internally equipped with a heating metal plate 1005. One end of the water tank 800, oil tank 900, and gas tank 1000 is connected to the three-phase separator 100, and each connecting pipeline is equipped with a corresponding control valve.

[0072] The fine sampling and stress testing system includes a fine sampling structure, a stress testing structure, and a matching rope. The fine sampling structure includes an attachment plate support 2001 and an attachment plate sampler. The attachment plate sampler is located above the attachment plate support 2001 and includes an angle adjuster 2003 and a height adjuster 2004 connected to the attachment plate support 2001. A sediment sampling shovel 2002 is connected below the height adjuster 2004. It can perform fine sampling at different depths, positions, and angles according to different experimental requirements.

[0073] The stress detection structure includes a stress sampling shovel 2008, a stress detector 2010, a power gearbox 2012, and a matching traction rope 2009. The stress sampling shovel 2008 is connected to a height adjuster 2007. The height adjuster 2007 is slidably connected to a pulley guide rail 2005 on the detection bracket via rollers 2006. A pulley 2011 is also installed on the detection bracket. One end of the traction rope 2009 is connected to the height adjuster 2007 and passes around the pulley 2011 to connect to the power gearbox 2012. By selecting the stress sampling shovel 2008 and using the pulling force provided by the power gearbox 2012, the stress magnitude of deposits in different locations can be measured.

[0074] This invention also provides a method for operating a multifunctional experimental device under complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores, including the following steps:

[0075] S1: First, turn on the heating wire 902 of the oil storage tank 900 to heat the crude oil. Then, start the electromagnetic generator 807 of the water tank 800 to heat the water in the tank by heating the heating metal 808. Finally, start the heating metal plate 1005 of the gas storage tank 1000 to heat the gas in the gas tank 1000, so that the properties of the oil, gas and water meet the experimental requirements.

[0076] S2: The oil, gas, water, and sediment are transported to the mixing tank 600 for mixing;

[0077] S3: The mixed oil, gas, water and sediment are pressurized and transported to the experimental pipeline 400 for sedimentation;

[0078] S4: After deposition is complete, take out the attached plate 401 for sampling and testing to complete the experiment.

[0079] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0080] Before starting the experiment, check that all valves, pressure pumps, and flow meters are functioning properly, and check that the experimental pipeline 400 is properly connected. Check that all experimental devices—air compressor 500, buffer tank 300, three-phase separator 100, oil tank 900, water tank 800, gas tank 1000, mixing tank 600, sand tank 700, and sand remover 200—are functioning properly. Once everything is in good working order, the formal experiment can begin.

[0081] Turn on the heating wire 902 of the oil storage tank 900. After being energized, the heating wire 902 releases heat, heating the dehydrated and degassed crude oil inside the tank. Use an online viscometer 905 and a second temperature and pressure controller 906 to measure the properties of the crude oil online. Turn on the stirring base 903 to stir the crude oil, which, in conjunction with the heating wire 902, also helps to homogenize the properties of the crude oil inside the tank. Start the electromagnetic generator 807 of the water tank 800, causing the heating metal 808 to heat the water inside. Use a first temperature and pressure controller 802 to monitor the temperature and pressure of the water inside the tank. Start the heating plate 1005 of the gas storage tank 1000 to heat the gas inside. Use a third temperature and pressure controller 1002 to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the tank.

[0082] The oil storage tank 900 contains degassed and dehydrated crude oil, the water storage tank 800 contains wellhead produced water, and the gas storage tank 1000 contains a wellhead associated gas containing components such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, and carbon dioxide. Using associated water and gas in experiments can more accurately reflect the actual flow and deposition in the wellbore. Deposition experiments will begin once the oil, gas, and water properties meet the experimental requirements.

[0083] Oil storage tank 900 is connected to oil storage tank valve 19; open oil storage tank valve 19. Water storage tank 800 is connected to water outlet valve 16; open water outlet valve 16. Gas storage tank 1000 is connected to gas outlet valve 20; open gas outlet valve 20. Sand tank 700 is connected to one-way valve 13; open one-way valve 13. Oil in oil storage tank 900 flows into mixing tank 600 via oil flow meter 17. Gas in gas storage tank 1000 flows into mixing tank 600 via gas flow meter 18. Water in water tank 800, after passing through water outlet valve 16, first mixes with silt and sand passing through solid flow meter 14, then flows into mixing tank 600 via water flow meter 15. Oil is injected into mixing tank 600 through inlet 601 (injector 607), water enters mixing tank 600 through inlet 603 (injector 607), and gas enters mixing tank 600 through inlet 606. At this time, motor 602 on mixing tank 600 operates, driving stirring blades 605 to begin stirring the mixture. After the four phases of oil, gas, water, and solid are fully mixed in mixing tank 600, the mixture is first pressurized by primary pump 12, then by secondary pump 11, and finally flows through mixing flow meter 10 into experimental pipeline 400 via inlet flange valve 8 for sedimentation.

[0084] Before the deposition experiment begins, the positions of the fixing bolts 409 and fixing nuts 410 on the support plate 408 are adjusted according to the experimental requirements. Then, the angle of the experimental pipe 400 is changed by the indications of the angle indicator 405 and the protractor 406, with the protractor 406 fixed to the support plate 408. After the deposition, the mixture flows into the buffer tank 300 through the outlet flange valve 7, the buffer tank flow meter 6, and the first-stage pressure reducing valve 5. Inside the buffer tank 300, the mixture impacts the sediment baffle 302, a small portion of gas flows out through the buffer tank outlet valve 2, large particles of sediment are trapped by the sand baffle 308, and the remaining mixture flows into the sand separator 200 through the second-stage pressure reducing valve 4 and the sand separator inlet valve 3. Inside the sand separator 200, sediment is enriched, a small amount of gas flows out through the sand separator outlet valve 1, and the remaining mixture flows into the three-phase separator 100 through the mixing valve 28. Inside the three-phase separator 100, the mixture is separated by the action of the oleophobic plate 111. After passing through the three-phase separator 100, the gas merges with the gas from the previous two sources via gas valve 27 and then flows into gas tank 1000 via gas inlet flow meter 26 and gas inlet valve 23. The oil flows out of the three-phase separator 100 via oil valve 25, and then flows into oil storage tank 900 via oil inlet flow meter 24 and oil inlet valve 22. The water flows out of the three-phase separator 100 via water control valve 29, and then flows into water storage tank 800 via inlet flow meter (water) and water inlet valve 21. The sedimentation test is now complete.

[0085] Using the attachment extractor 415, the attachment plate 401 is pulled out of the pipe and placed on the attachment plate holder 2001. The height adjuster 2004 and angle adjuster 2003 are adjusted according to experimental requirements, and a sediment sampling shovel 2002 is used to collect samples. After sampling, the height adjuster 2007 is adjusted according to experimental requirements to place the stress sampler at a suitable height. The power gearbox 2012 is activated, and the tension of the traction rope 2009 is adjusted according to different experimental requirements. The required tension is obtained from the stress detector 2010, and the experiment is completed.

[0086] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores, characterized in that, include: Three-phase separator (100); A sand separator (200) is connected to a three-phase separator (100) via a pipeline; A buffer tank (300) is connected to a sand separator (200) via a pipeline; An experimental pipeline (400) is provided, one end of which is connected to a buffer tank (300), and the other end of which is connected to an air compressor (500). The experimental pipe (400) is provided with a slot (402) inside, and an attachment piece (401) is detachably connected in the slot (402). The outer wall of the experimental pipe (400) is provided with a water guiding spiral groove (404), and the outside of the water guiding spiral groove (404) is wrapped with a heat insulation material (403). The heat insulation material (403) is distributed with different thicknesses along the axial direction of the experimental pipe (400). A rotating shaft (407) is connected to one side wall of the experimental pipe (400). The rotating shaft (407) is rotatably connected to a "V"-shaped bracket. A support plate (408) is integrally connected to the "V"-shaped bracket. A protractor (406) is provided on the support plate (408). An angle indicator (405) is provided on the experimental pipe (400). A fixing bolt (409) is connected to the other side wall of the experimental pipe (400). The angle of the experimental pipe (400) is fixed by the fixing bolt (409) and the fixing nut (410). The support plate (408) is provided with an arc-shaped bolt fixing groove for adjusting the angle of the experimental pipe (400). The rotating shaft (407) is provided with a rotating damper structure, which includes an N-pole magnet (411) and an S-pole magnet (412). The N-pole magnet (411) and the S-pole magnet (412) are mounted on the rotating shaft (407). A coil (413) is provided at a corresponding position on the "V"-shaped bracket. A switch (414) is connected to both ends of the coil (413). A mixing tank (600) is connected at one end to an air compressor (500) and an experimental pipeline (400). The angle of the experimental pipeline (400) is adjustable. The other end of the mixing tank (600) is connected to a sand tank (700), a water tank (800), an oil tank (900), and a gas tank (1000). The water tank (800), oil tank (900) and gas tank (1000) are all connected at one end to the three-phase separator (100), and each connecting pipeline is equipped with a corresponding control valve.

2. The multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase separator (100) has a liquid inlet (101), an air outlet (104), an oil outlet (109), and a water outlet (110) on its side wall. The three-phase separator (100) has a wave-dissipating plate (102) and a float level gauge (103) inside. A float (113) is slidably connected to the rod of the float level gauge (103). The top of the three-phase separator (100) has a defoamer (105). The bottom of the three-phase separator (100) has an oil-repellent plate (111) and a liftable baffle (108). The liftable baffle (108) divides the interior of the three-phase separator (100) into an oil chamber (107) and a mixing chamber (112). The three-phase separator (100) has an observation window (106) on its side wall.

3. The multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sand remover (200) is provided with a liquid outlet (201), an air outlet (202) and a liquid inlet (204). One end of the air outlet (202) is connected to a defoamer (203). The internal cavity of the sand remover (200) forms a sand removal chamber (205). The bottom of the sand remover (200) is provided with a sand collector (206) and a sand collection trough (207).

4. The multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer tank (300) is provided with a liquid inlet three (301), an air outlet three (303) and a liquid outlet two (305). The buffer tank (300) is provided with a mud and sand baffle (302) inside. The internal cavity of the buffer tank (300) forms a buffer chamber (304). The bottom of the buffer tank (300) is provided with a buckle (306), a sand-blocking base (307) and a sand-blocking plate (308).

5. The multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing tank (600) is provided with an oil inlet (601), a water inlet (603), a liquid outlet (604), and an air inlet (606). A stirring blade (605) is rotatably connected inside the mixing tank (600). An electric motor (602) for driving the stirring blade (605) to rotate is installed at the upper end of the mixing tank (600). A liquid sprayer (607) is provided at one end of the oil inlet (601) and the water inlet (603) inside the mixing tank (600).

6. The multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sand jar (700) is provided with a top cover (703) and a rotating bayonet (702). The top cover (703) is rotatably connected to the sand jar (700) via a rotating shaft (704). The inside of the sand jar (700) is a jar cavity (705). The side of the sand jar (700) is provided with an observation window (701).

7. The multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water tank (800) is provided with an inlet 2 (801), a temperature and pressure controller 1 (802), and an inlet 3 (805) on the outside. The bottom of the water tank (800) is provided with an electromagnetic generator (807) and a heating metal (808). A steam pipe (804) is provided on one side of the water tank (800). One end of the steam pipe (804) is connected to a water valve (803). The bottom of the water tank (800) is provided with an inlet valve (806). The oil tank (900) is provided with an oil inlet (901) and an outlet (904) on the outside. An online viscometer (905) and a temperature and pressure controller (906) are installed on the side wall of the oil tank (900). A heating wire (902) is provided inside the oil tank (900). A stirring base (903) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the oil tank (900). An N-pole magnet (907) and an S-pole magnet (908) are installed on the stirring base (903). A spiral coil (909) is installed around the outlet (904).

8. The multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in oil wellbores according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas tank (1000) is provided with an air inlet (1001), a temperature and pressure controller (1002), a safety valve (1003) and an air outlet (1004) on the outside, and a heating metal plate (1005) is provided inside the gas tank (1000).

9. A method for operating the multifunctional experimental device for complex sedimentation conditions in an oil wellbore as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, turn on the heating device (902) of the oil storage tank (900) to heat the crude oil, start the solenoid valve generator (807) of the water tank (800) to heat the water in the tank by heating the heating metal (808), start the heating metal plate (1005) of the gas storage tank (1000) to heat the gas in the gas tank (1000) and make the properties of oil, gas and water meet the experimental requirements; S2: The oil, gas, water, and sediment are transported to the mixing tank (600) for mixing; S3: The mixed oil, gas, water and sediment are pressurized and transported to the experimental pipeline (400) for deposition; S4: After deposition is completed, the attached plate (401) is removed for sampling and testing to complete the experiment.

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