A method for constructing formwork for expansion joint shear walls

Abstract

This invention discloses a formwork construction method for expansion joint shear walls. Structurally, a tie rod and a first tie rod connected by threads form a tie rod assembly, which functions similarly to a traditional tie rod. Since the first and second tie rods are separable, the method involves first hoisting and moving the outer formwork assembly, consisting of the first tie rod, the first template, and the vertical back rib, into the expansion joint, and then connecting the second tie rod and setting the second template. This ensures that during the installation of the tie rod assembly, no large parts need to pass through the first and second templates. The required through-hole size on the first and second templates only needs to match the diameter of the first or second tie rod segment, thereby avoiding the formation of large holes in the cast shear wall. This effectively solves the current problem of the high difficulty in constructing expansion joint shear walls, achieving the effect of improving construction speed and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, specifically relating to a formwork construction method for expansion joint shear walls. Background Technology

[0002] Shear wall and frame-shear wall structures are widely used in high-rise and super high-rise buildings. Due to the large size of these buildings, expansion joints are required between adjacent building units to meet requirements for seismic deformation resistance and settlement prevention. However, because these expansion joints are relatively narrow, typically around 20cm wide, the erection and removal of formwork near the expansion joint during shear wall construction is quite difficult. Currently, expansion joint shear walls often employ staggered construction, where two building units are constructed alternately. This not only slows down construction but also presents challenges due to the use of foam boards or recycled formwork boxes filled into the expansion joints. These issues include the foam boards being prone to deformation, difficulty in fixing them, difficulty in removing the foam boards and formwork boxes, and the potential for foam debris to fall into the wall base during removal, all of which can lead to potential quality issues.

[0003] Chinese patent CN220521953U discloses a shear wall formwork reinforcement device at expansion joints. This solution involves setting an annular portion at one end of a tie rod. During construction, the annular portion passes through both formwork panels into the expansion joint. The vertical back rib near the expansion joint formwork vertically passes through multiple annular portions. A nut is then installed at the other end of the tie rod to achieve tie-fixation of the formwork panels on both sides. However, a large opening needs to be reserved on the formwork for the annular portion to pass through. Correspondingly, to prevent grout leakage during pouring, the PVC through-wall sleeve fitted outside the tie rod is also larger. This results in larger holes being formed in the poured shear wall compared to ordinary construction methods, which not only easily affects the structural strength of the wall but also requires a larger amount of subsequent repair work. Chinese patent CN116657889A discloses a method for fixing the formwork of a shear wall to be poured at the expansion joint location. The method uses steel wire rope to form a ring. Since the ring can deform and shrink under pressure, there is no need to leave a large opening on the formwork, thereby avoiding the formation of large holes in the poured shear wall. However, after the ring deforms and passes through the formwork, it is easy for it to not return to its original position, which makes it difficult for the vertical back rib to pass through, especially after repeated use, which causes the elasticity of the ring to deteriorate.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a formwork structure and construction method for expansion joint shear walls that is easy to install and dismantle and has good reliability, so as to reduce the construction difficulty of expansion joint shear walls and improve construction speed and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a formwork construction method for expansion joint shear walls, solve the technical problem of the high difficulty in constructing expansion joint shear walls, and achieve the effect of improving construction speed and quality.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for constructing formwork for a shear wall with an expansion joint, wherein the formwork structure used in the method includes a first formwork vertically positioned within the expansion joint, the first formwork being parallel to and abutting against the outer edge of a beam or slab near the expansion joint, and a second formwork parallel to and directly opposite the first formwork on the beam or slab. Multiple vertically distributed horizontal back ribs are connected to the outer surfaces of both the first and second formworks, and multiple horizontally distributed vertical back ribs abut against the outer surfaces of these horizontal back ribs. The vertical back ribs on the outer surfaces of the first and second formworks are paired one-to-one, and a tie rod assembly is provided between every two paired vertical back ribs. The tie rod assembly includes a movable... A first tie rod is inserted through the first template and a second tie rod is movably inserted through the second template. The inner ends of the first and second tie rods are horizontally aligned and threaded together. The inner end of the first tie rod does not protrude from the inner side of the first template. The outer end of the first tie rod is connected to a pull ring, which is movably sleeved on the vertical back rib on the outer side of the first template. The outer end of the second tie rod is detachably connected to an abutment part, which abuts against the outer side of the vertical back rib on the outer side of the second template. The tie assembly also includes a through-wall sleeve that abuts against the wall between the first and second templates, and the through-wall sleeve is sleeved on the second tie rod. The template construction method includes the following steps:

[0008] 1) A first tie rod is movably inserted through the first template connected to the horizontal back rib, and a vertical back rib is vertically inserted into the pull ring to form an outer template assembly;

[0009] 2) Move the outer formwork assembly into the expansion joint, keeping the first formwork parallel to and abutting against the outer edge of the beam and slab;

[0010] 3) Thread the second tie rod to the inner end of the first tie rod and insert the through-wall sleeve;

[0011] 4) Place the second formwork with the horizontal back brace on the beam slab, and allow the second tie rod to move through the second formwork;

[0012] 5) Install vertical back ribs and abutment parts in sequence on the outside of the second template, and install the abutment parts onto the second tie rod;

[0013] 6) Pour concrete mixture between the first and second formworks, and allow it to set to form a shear wall;

[0014] 7) Twist the second lever to separate it from the first lever and pull out the second lever;

[0015] 8) Remove the second template and outer template components.

[0016] Furthermore, in the template structure, a connecting sleeve is provided between the first tie rod and the second tie rod. The connecting sleeve has internal threads, and the inner ends of the first tie rod and the second tie rod are respectively provided with external threads. The inner ends of the first tie rod and the second tie rod are respectively threaded into the connecting sleeve. In step 1), the first tie rod is first connected to the connecting sleeve, and then the connecting sleeve is passed through the first template.

[0017] Furthermore, in the template structure, the first template and the second template are respectively provided with through holes for the first tie rod and the second tie rod to pass through. The outer diameter of the connecting sleeve matches the diameter of the through hole on the first template. The connecting sleeve is located inside the through hole on the first template and does not protrude from the inner side of the first template.

[0018] Furthermore, in the template structure, the upper ends of the first template and its outer vertical back ribs are higher than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured. Multiple tie rods are provided between each pair of opposite vertical back ribs. The multiple tie rods are vertically distributed and lower than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured. At least one first tie rod is also provided on the first template for each vertical back rib corresponding to the shear wall to be poured. The inner end of the first tie rod higher than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured is connected to the mounting bolt through the connecting sleeve. The head of the mounting bolt abuts against the inner side of the first template. Between steps 1) and 2), there is step 1.1) where mounting bolts are threaded onto the end of all connecting sleeves facing the second template and tightened, so that the head of the mounting bolt abuts against the inner side of the first template and the vertical back ribs and horizontal back ribs outside the first template abut against each other. Between steps 2) and 3), there is step 2.1) where all mounting bolts lower than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured are unscrewed.

[0019] Furthermore, in the template structure, a positioning part is detachably provided on the vertical back rib on the outer side of the first template, and the positioning part abuts against the upper surface of any horizontal back rib on the outer side of the first template; in step 1), during the process of inserting the vertical back rib into the pull ring, the positioning ring is installed on the vertical back rib and abuts against the upper surface of the horizontal back rib; in step 8), a force can be applied to the vertical back rib on the outer side of the first template in a direction away from the second template to make the connecting sleeve detach from the first template, move the vertical back rib on the outer side of the first template out of the expansion joint, and then move it out of the first template, or directly move the entire outer template assembly out of the expansion joint.

[0020] Furthermore, in the template structure, the positioning part includes a circular or elliptical positioning plate with an eccentric hole through it. A threaded hole communicating with the eccentric hole is opened on one side of the positioning plate, and a positioning bolt is threaded into the threaded hole. The positioning plate is fitted onto the vertical back rib outside the first template through the eccentric hole, and the vertical back rib is tightly abutted against the rod of the positioning bolt and the inner wall of the eccentric hole respectively. The side of the positioning plate away from the eccentric hole is close to the first template, and the positioning plate abuts against the upper surface of any horizontal back rib outside the first template. In step 8), the mounting bolt can be unscrewed first, and the vertical back rib can be rotated to make the side of the positioning plate away from the eccentric hole disengage from the horizontal back rib. Then, a force is applied to the vertical back rib outside the first template in a direction away from the second template to make the connecting sleeve disengage from the first template, move the vertical back rib outside the first template out of the deformation joint, and then move it out of the first template.

[0021] Furthermore, in the template structure, the second tie rod has external threads on the rod segment outside the second template, and the abutment part includes an abutment nut threadedly connected to the second tie rod. An abutment plate is provided between the abutment nut and the vertical back rib, and the abutment plate is movably sleeved on the second tie rod.

[0022] Furthermore, in the template structure, the second template has two vertical back ribs on its outer side, which are opposite to each of the vertical back ribs on the outer side of the first template. In the corresponding pull assembly, the second pull rod extends out from between the two vertical back ribs, and two recesses are provided laterally on the inner side of the abutment plate, with the two vertical back ribs located in the two recesses respectively.

[0023] Furthermore, in the template structure, multiple horizontal back ribs are also connected to multiple horizontally distributed vertical reinforcing rods on their outer sides, with the vertical reinforcing rods and vertical back ribs alternating horizontally.

[0024] Furthermore, the outer end of the second lever is a regular hexagon.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. In the formwork construction method for the expansion joint shear wall described in this invention, a tie rod and a first tie rod connected by threads are used to form a tie rod assembly, which plays a similar role to a traditional tie rod. Since the first tie rod and the second tie rod can be separated, no large parts need to pass through the first and second formwork during the installation process of the tie rod assembly. The required through hole size on the first and second formwork only needs to be adapted to the diameter of the first tie rod or the second tie rod segment, thereby avoiding the formation of large holes in the cast shear wall. This can effectively solve the problem of the current difficulty in constructing expansion joint shear walls and achieve the effect of improving construction speed and construction quality.

[0027] 2. In the formwork construction method for the expansion joint shear wall described in this invention, before hoisting the outer formwork assembly, more connecting sleeves are used to screw in the installation bolts, so that the vertical back ribs and horizontal back ribs outside the first formwork are always in contact, so that the outer formwork assembly maintains structural stability during hoisting and subsequent installation operations, which helps to reduce the difficulty of use and improve practicality.

[0028] 3. In the formwork construction method for the deformation joint shear wall described in this invention, the vertical back ribs outside the first formwork are supported on the horizontal back ribs by the positioning part. During hoisting and subsequent installation, only the first formwork needs to be hoisted, making the formwork construction method simpler and easier to operate. In addition, under the action of its own weight, the vertical back ribs outside the first formwork make the positioning part and the horizontal back ribs closely abut against each other, and the two have a large static friction force. In conjunction with the installation bolts above, the reliability of the vertical back ribs abutting against the first formwork can be further improved during subsequent installation, which can effectively prevent the connecting sleeve from coming off. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the template structure described in the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer side of the second template in the template structure described in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer surface of the first template in the template structure described in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step 1) of the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step 2) of the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step 3) of the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step 4) of the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step 5) of the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step 6) of the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the first stage of step 7) in the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the second stage of step 7) in the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the first stage of step 8) in the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the second stage of step 8) in the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the third stage of step 8) in the template construction method described in the embodiment;

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pull rod in the embodiment;

[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second tie rod connecting the first tie rod in the embodiment;

[0045] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning part described in the embodiment;

[0046] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the abutment portion described in the embodiment;

[0047] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the head end face of the positioning bolt described in the embodiment;

[0048] Among them, expansion joint 1, first template 2, beam slab 3, second template 4, horizontal back rib 5, vertical back rib 6, first tie rod 7, second tie rod 8, hexagonal head 81, pull ring 9, abutment part 10, abutment nut 101, abutment plate 102, shear wall 11, steel cage 12, connecting sleeve 13, mounting bolt 14, strip part 141, positioning part 15, positioning plate 151, positioning bolt 152, and vertical reinforcing bar 16. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Example:

[0051] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A method for constructing a formwork for a shear wall with an expansion joint, wherein the formwork structure used in the method includes a first formwork 2 vertically positioned in the expansion joint 1, the first formwork 2 being parallel to and abutting against the outer edge of a beam slab 3 near the expansion joint 1, a second formwork 4 being provided on the beam slab 3 parallel to and directly opposite the first formwork 2, and multiple vertically distributed horizontal back ribs 5 being connected to the outer surfaces of the first formwork 2 and the second formwork 4 respectively, with multiple horizontally distributed vertical back ribs 6 abutting against the outer surfaces of the multiple horizontal back ribs 5; the vertical back ribs 6 on the outer surfaces of the first formwork 2 and the second formwork 4 are one-to-one opposite each other, and a tie rod is provided between every two opposite vertical back ribs 6, the tie rod including a movable part passing through the first formwork 2. The first tie rod 7 on template 2 and the second tie rod 8 movably pass through the second template 4 have their inner ends facing each other laterally and threaded together. The inner end of the first tie rod 7 is located in the first template 2, that is, it does not extend between the first template 2 and the second template 4. The outer end of the first tie rod 7 is connected to a pull ring 9, which is movably sleeved on the vertical back rib 6 on the outside of the first template 2. The outer end of the second tie rod 8 is detachably connected to an abutment part 10, which abuts against the outside of the vertical back rib 6 on the outside of the second template 4. The tie assembly also includes a through-wall sleeve (not shown in the figure) that abuts against the wall between the first template 2 and the second template 4. The through-wall sleeve is sleeved on the second tie rod 8.

[0052] In this embodiment, the horizontal back rib 5 is a wooden block set along the length of the corresponding template and fixed to the outside of the corresponding template with nails. The vertical back rib 6 is made of steel pipe and its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the pull ring 9 to reduce shaking. The first template 2 and the second template 4 are respectively provided with through holes for the first tie rod 7 and the second tie rod 8 to pass through. A pouring cavity for casting the shear wall 11 is formed between the first template 2 and the second template 4. A steel cage 12 is installed in the pouring cavity. The through-wall sleeve is used to separate the through holes on the first template 2 and the second template 4 and the second tie rod 8 from the pouring cavity, so as to prevent the concrete mixture from leaking out of the through holes during pouring and to facilitate the removal of the second tie rod 8 after pouring.

[0053] The steps of the template construction method are as follows:

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, in step 1), a first tie rod 7 is inserted through the through hole on the first template 2 connected to the horizontal back rib 5. Multiple first tie rods 7 located at the same horizontal position on the first template 2 are grouped together. A vertical back rib 6 is inserted into all the pull rings 9 of each group of first tie rods 7. The whole assembly consisting of the first template 2, the horizontal back rib 5, the vertical back rib 6 and the first tie rod 7 is used as the outer template assembly. For ease of operation, the first template 2 can be placed flat on the ground with the horizontal back rib 5 facing upwards. After the first tie rod 7 and the vertical back rib 6 are installed, the first template 2 and the vertical back rib 6 are suspended vertically and kept in the installed state.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, in step 2), the outer formwork assembly is suspended and moved horizontally or vertically into the expansion joint 1, keeping the first formwork 2 parallel and abutting against the outer edge of the beam slab 3. In practice, the inner side of the first formwork 2 can abut against the outer edge of the beam slab 3, or the lower end of the first formwork 2 can abut against the outer edge of the beam slab 3, depending on the relationship between the shear wall 11 to be poured and the exterior wall of the building. In this embodiment, the inner side of the first formwork 2 abuts against the outer edge of the beam slab 3, and the outer side of the shear wall 11 to be poured is flush with the exterior wall of the building. Suspension keeps the outer formwork assembly in the installed state and keeps the first formwork 2 parallel and abutting against the outer edge of the beam slab 3. A tower crane or other small hoisting mechanism can be used.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, in step 3), the second pull rod 8 is threaded to the inner end of the first pull rod 7 and fitted into the wall sleeve. The inner diameter of the wall sleeve is compatible with the diameter of the first pull rod 7 or the second pull rod 8.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, in step 4), the second template 4 connected with the horizontal back rib 5 is placed on the beam slab 3, and the second tie rod 8 is moved through the second template 4. Specifically, the second template 4 connected with the horizontal back rib 5 is placed on the beam slab 3, and the upper end of the second template 4 is tilted away from the first template 2. The second template 4 is moved laterally, and the lowermost second tie rod 8 is passed through the second template 4. Then, the second template 4 is gradually straightened, so that the second tie rods 8 at the same lateral position pass through the second template 4 one by one from bottom to top.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, in step 5), the vertical back rib 6 and the abutment part 10 are sequentially abutted on the outside of the second template 4, and the abutment part 10 is installed on the second tie rod 8. Specifically, the vertical back rib 6 is abutted on the outside of the second template 4, and then the abutment part 10 is installed on the second tie rod 8. The abutment part 10 is adjusted to abut against the vertical back rib 6, thereby forming an effect similar to that of a common tie rod, and preventing the first template 2 and the second template 4 from moving relative to each other during the pouring process.

[0059] like Figure 9 As shown, in step 6), concrete mixture is poured between the first template 2 and the second template 4, and shear wall 11 is obtained after solidification. In practice, when the upper beam slab has been poured, the entire template structure remains stable after the first template 2 abuts against the upper and lower beam slabs. In this embodiment, the upper beam slab has not been poured. The first template 2 is connected to the template used for pouring the upper beam slab to avoid the entire template structure from tilting towards the expansion joint 1. Diagonal bracing or other support structures can also be set between the outside of the first template 2 and the beam slab 3, or the template structure can be stabilized directly by a hoisting mechanism.

[0060] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, in step 7), twist the second pull rod 8 to separate it from the first pull rod 7 and pull out the second pull rod 8; specifically, first remove the abutment part 10 from the second pull rod 8, and then pull out the second pull rod 8.

[0061] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 Step 8) Remove the second template 4 and the outer template assembly to obtain the cast shear wall 11. Specifically, the outer template assembly can be moved out as a whole. First, remove the second template 4 and its outer vertical back rib 6. Then, apply a force away from the second template 4 to the outer vertical back rib 6 of the first template 2, so that the first tie rod 7 is pulled out of the first template 2. Move the outer vertical back rib 6 of the first template 2 out, and then move the first template 2 out.

[0062] The formwork construction method for the expansion joint shear wall described in this invention, structurally, uses a threaded first tie rod 7 and a second tie rod 8 to form a tie assembly, which functions similarly to a traditional tie rod. Since the first tie rod 7 and the second tie rod 8 are separable, the method involves first hoisting and moving the outer formwork assembly formed by the first tie rod 7, the first formwork 2, and the vertical back rib 6 into the expansion joint 1, then connecting the second tie rod 8 and setting the second formwork 4. This ensures that during the installation of the tie assembly, no large parts need to pass through the first formwork 2 and the second formwork 4, and the required through-hole size on the first formwork 2 and the second formwork 4 is only [a certain size is needed]. The diameter of the rod segment is matched with that of the first tie rod 7 or the second tie rod 8, thereby avoiding the formation of large holes in the cast shear wall 11. This effectively solves the problem of the current difficulty in constructing expansion joint shear walls, and improves the construction speed and quality. In addition, the inner end of the first tie rod 7 does not extend into the casting cavity. After the casting is completed and the second tie rod 8 is removed, the outer formwork assembly can be directly hoisted out vertically or horizontally along the expansion joint 1 without moving it in the width direction of the expansion joint 1. This allows the formwork construction structure to be applied to the construction of narrower expansion joint shear walls, which is beneficial to improving the practicality of the formwork construction structure.

[0063] In implementation, to achieve a threaded connection between the first tie rod 7 and the second tie rod 8, a threaded hole can be provided at the inner end of the first tie rod 7 or the second tie rod 8, and an extension section with an external thread and a diameter matching the threaded hole can be provided at the inner end of the second tie rod 8 or the first tie rod 7. The extension section is threaded into the threaded hole; for example... Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting sleeve 13 is provided between the first pull rod 7 and the second pull rod 8. The connecting sleeve 13 has internal threads, and the inner ends of the first pull rod 7 and the second pull rod 8 are respectively provided with external threads. The inner ends of the first pull rod 7 and the second pull rod 8 are respectively threaded into the connecting sleeve 13. In step 1), the first pull rod 7 is first connected to the connecting sleeve 13, and then the connecting sleeve 13 is passed through the first template 2. In this way, both the first pull rod 7 and the second pull rod 8 have external threads, which helps to ensure their structural strength.

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in the template structure, the first template 2 and the second template 4 are respectively provided with through holes for the first tie rod 7 and the second tie rod 8 to pass through. The outer diameter of the connecting sleeve 13 matches the diameter of the through hole on the first template 2. The connecting sleeve 13 is located in the through hole on the first template 2 and does not extend between the first template 2 and the second template 4. In this way, after the pouring is completed, since the connecting sleeve 13 and the first tie rod 7 are not in the poured shear wall 11, the outer template assembly can be directly removed without moving it away from the second template 4. This makes the template structure suitable for the construction of narrower expansion joint shear walls, which is beneficial to improving the practicality of the template construction method for expansion joint shear walls.

[0065] During implementation, to ensure that the first tie rod 7 does not detach from the first template 2 when the assembled outer template assembly is hoisted into the expansion joint 1, the second tie rod 8 is subsequently installed, and the template is removed after pouring, the connecting sleeve 13 can be fixed in the through hole on the first template 2; this embodiment adopts another structural form, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the template structure, the upper ends of the first template 2 and its outer vertical back ribs 6 are higher than the upper end of the shear wall 11 to be poured. Multiple tie rods are provided between each pair of opposite vertical back ribs 6. The multiple tie rods are vertically distributed and lower than the upper end of the shear wall 11 to be poured. At least one first tie rod 7 is also provided on the first template 2 for each vertical back rib 6 that is higher than the shear wall 11 to be poured. The inner end of the first tie rod 7 that is higher than the upper end of the shear wall 11 to be poured is connected to the mounting bolt 14 through the connecting sleeve 13. The head of the mounting bolt 14 abuts against the inner side of the first template 2. In this way, by cooperating with the first tie rod 7, the vertical back rib 6 and the horizontal back rib 5 outside the first template 2 are always kept in contact to prevent the connecting sleeve 13 from coming off. No extra attention or other limiting structures are needed during installation and pouring, which helps to reduce the operational difficulty of this template construction method. In addition, the installation bolt 14 is higher than the shear wall 11 to be poured, so it will not affect the pouring. Furthermore, after the pouring is completed, the positioning bolt 152 can be unscrewed first, so that the vertical back rib 6 and the first template 2 can be moved out of the expansion joint 1 one after the other.

[0066] In addition, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, between steps 1) and 2), there is step 1.1) where all connecting sleeves 13 are threaded onto the end facing the second template 4 with mounting bolts 14 and tightened, so that the head of the mounting bolt 14 abuts against the inner side of the first template 2 and the vertical back rib 6 on the outside of the first template 2 abuts against the horizontal back rib 5. In this embodiment, to reduce the number of times the mounting bolts 14 are installed and removed, one mounting bolt 14 is screwed in vertically every other first tie rod 7; as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, between steps 2) and 3), there is step 2.1) to unscrew all the mounting bolts 14 below the upper end of the shear wall 11 to be poured; in this way, during the hoisting and moving of the outer formwork assembly into the expansion joint 1, more connecting sleeves 13 are used to screw in the mounting bolts 14, so that the vertical back ribs 6 and the horizontal back ribs 5 outside the first formwork 2 always remain in contact, which is more reliable and stable. In specific operation, the mounting bolts 14 can also be unscrewed while the second tie rod 8 is connected to avoid the connecting sleeves 13 being pushed out due to excessive force when connecting the second tie rod 8.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, in the template structure, a positioning part 15 is detachably provided on the vertical back rib 6 on the outer side of the first template 2. The positioning part 15 abuts against the upper part of any horizontal back rib 5 on the outer side of the first template 2. In this way, the vertical back rib 6 on the outer side of the first template 2 is supported on the horizontal back rib 5 by the positioning part 15. During hoisting and subsequent installation, only the first template 2 needs to be hoisted, making the template construction method simpler and easier to operate. In addition, under the action of its own weight, the vertical back rib 6 on the outer side of the first template 2 makes the positioning part 15 and the horizontal back rib 5 tightly abut against each other, and the two have a large static friction force. With the cooperation of the mounting bolt 14 above, the reliability of the vertical back rib 6 maintaining abutment with the first template 2 during subsequent installation can be further improved, which can effectively prevent the connecting sleeve 13 from coming off. Figure 4 As shown, in step 1), during the process of inserting the vertical back rib 6 into the pull ring 9, the positioning ring is installed on the vertical back rib 6 and abuts against the horizontal back rib 5.

[0068] like Figure 4 and Figure 17 As shown, the specific structure of the positioning part 15 is as follows: The positioning part 15 includes a positioning plate 151 that is circular or elliptical. An eccentric hole is provided through the positioning plate 151. A threaded hole communicating with the eccentric hole is opened on one side of the positioning plate 151. A positioning bolt 152 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The positioning plate 151 is sleeved on the vertical back rib 6 outside the first template 2 through the eccentric hole. The vertical back rib 6 is in close contact with the rod of the positioning bolt 152 and the inner wall of the eccentric hole, respectively. The positioning plate 151 abuts against the horizontal back rib 5, and the side away from the eccentric hole is located above the horizontal back rib 5. Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown in step 8), when removing the vertical back rib 6 and the first template 2 in sequence, the mounting nut 14 can be unscrewed, and the vertical back rib 6 can be rotated so that the side of the positioning plate 151 away from the eccentric hole is away from the first template 2. Then, a force is applied to the vertical back rib 6 in the direction away from the first template 2, so that the connecting sleeve 13 disengages from the first template 2, and the positioning plate 151 disengages from the horizontal back rib 6 it abuts, so that the vertical back rib 6 can be removed smoothly, and then the first template 2 can be removed, making the dismantling more orderly and reducing the difficulty of use. In this way, by setting an eccentric hole on the positioning plate 151 for the vertical back rib 6 to pass through, when removing the vertical back rib 6, after rotating the vertical back rib 6 so that the side of the positioning plate 151 away from the eccentric hole is away from the top of the horizontal back rib 5, the distance that the vertical back rib 6 needs to be moved to completely remove the positioning plate 151 from the area above the horizontal back rib 5 is shorter, so that the template structure can be applied to the construction of narrower expansion joint shear walls, which is beneficial to improving the practicality of the template construction method of the expansion joint shear wall.

[0069] like Figure 18 As shown, in the template structure, the second tie rod 8 has external threads on the section outside the second template 4. The abutment part 10 includes an abutment nut 101 threadedly connected to the second tie rod 8. An abutment plate 102 is provided between the abutment nut 101 and the vertical back rib 6, and the abutment plate 102 is movably sleeved on the second tie rod 8; specifically, as shown... Figure 2 and Figure 18 As shown, the second template 4 has two vertical back ribs 6 on its outer side, which are opposite to each of the vertical back ribs 6 on the outer side of the first template 2. In the corresponding tie assembly, the second tie rod 8 extends from between the two vertical back ribs 6. The inner side of the abutment plate 102 is provided with two recesses spaced laterally, and the two vertical back ribs 6 are located in the two recesses respectively. In this way, the abutment plate 102 abuts against the two vertical back ribs 6 on the lateral sides of the second tie rod 8, making the force more balanced. In addition, the recesses have the function of restricting and positioning the vertical back ribs 6, which not only prevents structural failure due to slippage during abutment, but also helps to reduce the difficulty of installation.

[0070] like Figure 18 As shown, the outer end of the second pull rod 8 is hexagonal, thus forming a hexagonal head 81, which facilitates installation and disassembly by using tools to twist the second pull rod 8; as Figure 19 As shown, the head end face of the mounting bolt 14 also has a raised strip 141, so that it can be directly tightened by hand for installation and removal.

[0071] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 13As shown, in the template structure, multiple horizontal back ribs 5 are also connected to multiple horizontally distributed vertical reinforcing rods 16 on their outer sides. In this embodiment, the vertical reinforcing rods 16 are fixed to the corresponding horizontal back ribs 5 on the outer side of the template by nails; the vertical reinforcing rods 16 and the vertical back ribs 6 are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction; in this way, all the horizontal back ribs 5 are connected together by the vertical reinforcing rods 16, which is beneficial to improving the overall structural strength of the template.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing formwork for a deformation joint shear wall, characterized in that: The template construction method uses a template structure including a first template vertically positioned within the expansion joint. The first template is parallel to and abuts against the outer edge of the beam / slab near the expansion joint. A second template parallel to the first template is positioned on the beam / slab. Multiple vertically distributed horizontal back braces are connected to the outer surfaces of both the first and second templates. Multiple horizontally distributed vertical back braces abut against the outer surfaces of these horizontal back braces. The vertical back braces on the outer surfaces of the first and second templates are aligned one-to-one, and a tie rod is provided between every two opposing vertical back braces. The tie rod includes components that are movably inserted through the first template. A first tie rod and a second tie rod movably passing through the second template, the inner ends of the first and second tie rods being horizontally aligned and threaded together, with the inner end of the first tie rod not protruding from the inner side of the first template. The outer end of the first tie rod is connected to a pull ring, which is movably sleeved on the vertical back rib outside the first template. The outer end of the second tie rod is detachably connected to an abutment portion, which abuts against the outer side of the vertical back rib outside the second template. The tie assembly also includes a through-wall sleeve abutting between the first and second templates, the through-wall sleeve being sleeved on the second tie rod. The template construction method includes the following steps: 1) A first tie rod is movably inserted through the first template connected to the horizontal back rib, and a vertical back rib is vertically inserted into the pull ring to form an outer template assembly; 2) Move the outer formwork assembly into the expansion joint, keeping the first formwork parallel to and abutting against the outer edge of the beam and slab; 3) Thread the second tie rod to the inner end of the first tie rod and insert the through-wall sleeve; 4) Place the second formwork with the horizontal back brace on the beam slab, and allow the second tie rod to move through the second formwork; 5) Install vertical back ribs and abutment parts in sequence on the outside of the second template, and install the abutment parts onto the second tie rod; 6) Pour concrete mixture between the first and second formworks, and allow it to set to form a shear wall; 7) Twist the second lever to separate it from the first lever and pull out the second lever; 8) Remove the second template and outer template components; In the template structure, a positioning part is detachably provided on the vertical back rib on the outer side of the first template, and the positioning part abuts against the upper surface of any horizontal back rib on the outer side of the first template. The positioning part includes a circular or elliptical positioning plate with an eccentric hole through it. A threaded hole communicating with the eccentric hole is opened on one side of the positioning plate, and a positioning bolt is threaded into the threaded hole. The positioning plate is fitted onto the vertical back rib outside the first template through the eccentric hole, and the vertical back rib is in close contact with the rod of the positioning bolt and the inner wall of the eccentric hole respectively. The side of the positioning plate away from the eccentric hole is close to the first template, and the positioning plate abuts against the upper surface of any horizontal back rib outside the first template.

2. The formwork construction method for an expansion joint shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the template structure, a connecting sleeve is provided between the first tie rod and the second tie rod. The connecting sleeve has an internal thread, and the inner ends of the first tie rod and the second tie rod are respectively provided with external threads. The inner ends of the first tie rod and the second tie rod are respectively threaded into the connecting sleeve. In step 1), the first tie rod is first connected to the connecting sleeve, and then the connecting sleeve is passed through the first template.

3. The formwork construction method for a deformation joint shear wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the template structure, the first template and the second template are respectively provided with through holes for the first tie rod and the second tie rod to pass through. The outer diameter of the connecting sleeve matches the diameter of the through hole on the first template. The connecting sleeve is located inside the through hole on the first template and does not protrude from the inner side of the first template.

4. The formwork construction method for a deformation joint shear wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the template structure, the upper ends of the first template and its outer vertical back ribs are higher than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured. Multiple tie rods are provided between each pair of opposite vertical back ribs. The multiple tie rods are vertically distributed and lower than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured. At least one first tie rod higher than the shear wall to be poured is also provided on the first template for each vertical back rib. The inner end of the first tie rod higher than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured is connected to the mounting bolt through the connecting sleeve. The head of the mounting bolt abuts against the inner side of the first template. Between steps 1) and 2), there is step 1.1) where mounting bolts are threaded onto the end of all connecting sleeves facing the second template and tightened, so that the head of the mounting bolt abuts against the inner side of the first template and the vertical back ribs and horizontal back ribs outside the first template abut against each other. Between steps 2) and 3), there is step 2.1) where all mounting bolts lower than the upper end of the shear wall to be poured are unscrewed.

5. The formwork construction method for an expansion joint shear wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1), during the process of inserting the vertical back rib into the pull ring, the positioning part is installed on the vertical back rib and abuts against the upper part of the horizontal back rib; in step 8), a force is first applied to the vertical back rib on the outside of the first template in a direction away from the second template, so that the connecting sleeve is detached from the first template, the vertical back rib on the outside of the first template is moved out of the expansion joint, and then the first template is moved out, or the entire outer template assembly is moved out of the expansion joint.

6. The formwork construction method for an expansion joint shear wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 8), first unscrew the mounting bolts, rotate the vertical back rib to make the positioning plate separate from the horizontal back rib on the side away from the eccentric hole, then apply a force to the vertical back rib on the outside of the first template in the direction away from the second template to make the connecting sleeve separate from the first template, move the vertical back rib on the outside of the first template out of the expansion joint, and then move it out of the first template.

7. The formwork construction method for an expansion joint shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the template structure, the second tie rod has external threads on the rod segment outside the second template, and the abutment part includes an abutment nut threadedly connected to the second tie rod. An abutment plate is provided between the abutment nut and the vertical back rib, and the abutment plate is movably sleeved on the second tie rod.

8. The formwork construction method for a deformation joint shear wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the template structure, the second template has two vertical back ribs on the outside, which are opposite to each of the vertical back ribs on the outside of the first template. In the corresponding tie assembly, the second tie rod extends out from between the two vertical back ribs. Two recesses are provided horizontally at intervals on the inner side of the abutment plate, and the two vertical back ribs are located in the two recesses respectively.

9. The formwork construction method for a deformation joint shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the template structure, multiple horizontal back ribs are also connected to multiple horizontally distributed vertical reinforcing rods on their outer sides, and the vertical reinforcing rods and vertical back ribs are alternately arranged horizontally.

10. The formwork construction method for an expansion joint shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the second lever is a regular hexagon.

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