Mold waterway processing method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of machining methods of water channel for wheel hub mold.A kind of mold water channel machining method, according to drawing requirement, process several first auxiliary lines and second auxiliary lines on the surface of workpiece to be machined, each second auxiliary line corresponds with a first auxiliary line;Workpiece is fixed with fixture to make workpiece stand up, and the fixture is fixed with vertical drilling machine;Adjust the rotating position of workpiece until a second auxiliary line is aligned with the index scale of fixture;Processing of inclined hole is carried out, after an inclined hole is processed, the workpiece is rotated, and the above steps are repeated to sequentially complete the processing of all inclined holes, so that adjacent inclined holes are connected to form a ring-shaped water channel, and the end of part or all inclined holes is plugged.The present application can process ring-shaped water channel for mold, and has the advantages of ensuring good processing effect at lower production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for processing water channels in wheel hub molds. Background Technology

[0002] Patent application number 202311475205.0 discloses a mold for a wheel hub casting device. The lower mold has polygonal water channels, each composed of multiple interconnected oblique holes. The connection points of the oblique holes correspond to the thickest point where the spokes of the wheel hub casting meet the rim. The ends of the oblique holes are machined into a stepped shape. The oblique holes are welded and sealed to an arc-shaped plug. One end of the arc-shaped plug has an arc surface, and the other end is a chamfered cylindrical connecting joint. The oblique holes are inclined relative to the diameter of the lower mold and are relatively long and slender.

[0003] A five-axis high-precision machine tool can be used to machine multiple oblique holes on a circular lower mold to achieve the machining of annular water channels. However, five-axis high-precision machine tools are expensive. To reduce production costs, simpler machine tools are used for machining water channels in wheel hub casting molds. Horizontal milling machines are generally used for machining these molds. However, when machining with a horizontal drill bit, coolant is difficult to enter the machined hole, making it difficult to cool the drill bit, which affects the machining effect and ultimately the mold's usability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mold water channel processing method that can perform annular water channel processing on molds, with low production cost and good processing effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a mold water channel processing method, comprising the following steps: S1. According to the drawing requirements, several first auxiliary lines and second auxiliary lines are machined on the surface of the workpiece to be processed. Each second auxiliary line corresponds to a first auxiliary line. The projection of the first auxiliary line along the workpiece axis coincides with the projection of the position of the inclined hole to be processed along the workpiece axis. The corresponding first auxiliary lines and second auxiliary lines form a fixed angle between them, and adjacent first auxiliary lines intersect. S2. Stand the workpiece upright and hold its position using a clamp; S3. Adjust the rotation position of the workpiece until a second auxiliary line is aligned with the indexing scale of the fixture or vertical milling machine, and the first auxiliary line corresponding to the second auxiliary line is parallel to the drill bit of the vertical milling machine; S4. Perform the machining of the inclined holes. After one inclined hole is completed, rotate the workpiece and repeat the steps of S3 to complete the machining of all the inclined holes in sequence, so that adjacent inclined holes are connected to form an annular waterway, and seal some or all of the ends of the inclined holes.

[0006] This invention, by verticalizing the workpiece, allows the axis of the circular mold workpiece to be positioned laterally, facilitating its use with a vertical milling machine. This ensures the drill bit is effectively cooled by coolant during machining, maintaining drilling speed and production efficiency, reducing drill bit wear, preventing breakage, and guaranteeing machining accuracy for inclined holes, thus improving machining results. Furthermore, this invention eliminates the need for a five-axis high-precision machine tool for machining mold channels, resulting in lower production costs.

[0007] This invention addresses this issue by pre-processing a first auxiliary line on the workpiece, allowing the precise location of the inclined holes to be machined to be known during processing. A second auxiliary line, combined with an indexing scale, determines the workpiece's rotational position, ensuring that adjacent holes are connected. Furthermore, the connection point corresponds to the thickest point where the spokes meet the rim during wheel hub casting, ensuring uniform water channels and compatibility with the uniformly structured wheel hub casting. This guarantees effective cooling of the casting, preventing shrinkage cavities and porosity defects caused by insufficient or slow cooling, as well as low material mechanical properties in localized areas, thus ensuring the mold's performance.

[0008] By making adjacent first auxiliary lines intersect, the arrangement direction of the waterway oblique holes can be better determined, and it can be decided whether to process the workpiece on the left or right side of the fixture. This makes it easier for the machining personnel to determine which oblique hole to process first and whether it is connected to the previously processed oblique hole.

[0009] The graduation scale can be a fixed scale or an infrared scale; it can be mounted on the machine tool or on a fixture. The workpiece's rotation angle can be adjusted manually or via an indexing plate, ensuring the first auxiliary line is vertical and the second auxiliary line corresponds to the scale. The workpiece can be supported and fixed using any existing fixture.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, two axial holes are machined on the end face of the workpiece. The two axial holes are used for water inlet and water outlet, respectively. The two axial holes are adjacent to each other and intersect with a first auxiliary line. The above arrangement allows the water inlet and outlet positions to be closer, making it easier to connect to the circulating water device, and also allows the cooling water to enter and exit the water channel faster.

[0011] Preferably, in step S4, the oblique holes corresponding to the first auxiliary line intersecting with one axial hole are machined first, then the remaining oblique holes are machined sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, and finally the oblique holes corresponding to the first auxiliary line intersecting with another axial hole are machined. This arrangement ensures that all oblique holes are machined, avoiding any omissions in machining.

[0012] Preferably, the first auxiliary lines corresponding to the two axial holes are symmetrically arranged. That is, when most of the oblique holes are arranged in a clockwise direction, one oblique hole is arranged in a counterclockwise direction, thereby making the distance between the two axial holes shorter.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the first auxiliary line extends to the outer edge of the workpiece. By extending the first auxiliary line to the outer edge of the workpiece, it is easier for the machining operator to determine the position of the milling table hole.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the first auxiliary line and the corresponding second auxiliary line are located on one side of opposite sides of the workpiece. That is, when machining the workpiece, if the drill bit is on the left side of the workpiece, the corresponding second auxiliary line is on the right side of the workpiece; if the drill bit is on the right side of the workpiece, the corresponding second auxiliary line is on the left side of the workpiece. This avoids the waste chips and coolant generated during machining falling onto the scale used for alignment with the second auxiliary line, thereby preventing any impact on the indexing accuracy.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, both the first and second auxiliary lines are engraved on the workpiece. The depth of the first and second auxiliary lines is 0.5 to 0.8 mm, and the first and second auxiliary lines are V-shaped grooves with an opening of 55 to 65 degrees. This arrangement makes the first and second auxiliary lines clearer and facilitates alignment and comparison with the drill bit and the graduated scale.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, a countersunk hole is machined at the outer end of the inclined hole, followed by a pilot hole communicating with the countersunk hole. Then, the inclined hole is machined using a drill bit on a vertical milling machine. Finally, the plug is fitted into the countersunk hole and welded to the workpiece for fixation. By setting the pilot hole to guide and position the subsequent machining of the deep inclined hole, the extension direction of the inclined hole can be made closer to the set position, ensuring better connection between the inclined hole being machined and the previously completed inclined hole.

[0017] As a preferred method, a cyclic, layered, and deep-drilling process is used for machining the inclined hole. The specific steps of this method are as follows: The drill bit rotates at 350-400 rpm and feeds vertically downwards along the pilot hole at a rate of 100-130 mm / min to machine the inclined hole. After each machining operation of 10-12 mm axial length, the drill bit stops feeding downwards and waits 1-2 seconds before resuming its downward feed. After each machining operation of 10-12 mm axial length, the drill bit stops feeding downwards and waits for a set time before moving upwards. The drill bit moves vertically upwards to the countersunk hole and waits until the cutting coolant fills the currently machined inclined hole before resuming its downward feed. It continues feeding along the inclined hole based on the previous machining operation to increase the hole depth by 10-12 mm. This layered, layered machining process is repeated until the currently machined inclined hole connects with an adjacent, already machined inclined hole.

[0018] The above processing method reduces heat generation at the drilling point for both the drill bit and the workpiece, ensures uniform and appropriate chip thickness, and improves drilling accuracy. Furthermore, pausing and moving the drill bit upwards after each certain drilling depth allows the chips to break at the optimal length and be carried out of the inclined hole. It also ensures sufficient cooling of the workpiece and drill bit by the coolant, resulting in better drilling performance, less drill bit wear, and improved drilling quality and efficiency.

[0019] Preferably, the inner end of the plug has a first mating slope, and the outer end of the plug has a second mating slope near the outer circumferential wall of the workpiece. A boss extending outwards circumferentially is located at the outer end of the plug away from the second mating slope. The first mating slope at the inner end of the plug guides the cooling water within the inclined hole, facilitating the flow of cooling water within the water channel formed by the inclined hole. The boss at the outer end of the plug allows it to mate with the countersunk hole step surface, facilitating welding and sealing. In this invention, the outer end of the plug does not have a circumferentially formed boss; instead, it has a second mating slope near the outer edge of the workpiece, allowing for better filler welding, improving reliability, significantly reducing the amount of cold integral welding, and lowering welding costs, further reducing production costs. The position of the first mating slope can be determined by observing the position of the second mating slope.

[0020] This invention can perform annular water channel processing on molds, which has the advantage of ensuring good processing results while keeping production costs low. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure for machining a slanted hole in a workpiece according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece when the second auxiliary line is aligned with the graduation scale.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the workpiece and the plug of the present invention are fitted together.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the plug of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a fixture for use with the processing method of this embodiment includes a fixed plate 101 and a pressure plate 102. The pressure plate 102 is fixed to the fixed plate 101 by fasteners to limit the axial position of the workpiece 100. A support column 103 for supporting the workpiece 100 is fixed on the fixed plate 101. Grading scales 104 are provided on both the left and right sides of the front end face of the fixed plate 101. A rotating shaft 105 is provided in the middle of the fixed plate 101 to extend into the center hole of the workpiece 100.

[0028] Depend on Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a method for processing water channels in a mold, including steps S1, S2, S3 and S4.

[0029] Step S1: According to the drawing requirements, several first auxiliary lines 1 and second auxiliary lines 2 are machined on the surface of the workpiece 100 to be processed. Each second auxiliary line 2 corresponds to a first auxiliary line 1. The projection of the first auxiliary line 2 along the axis of the workpiece 100 coincides with the projection of the position of the inclined hole to be processed along the axis of the workpiece 100. The corresponding first auxiliary lines 1 and second auxiliary lines 2 form a 90-degree angle between them, and adjacent first auxiliary lines 1 intersect. Two axial holes 3 are machined on the end face of the workpiece 100. The two axial holes 3 are used for water inlet and water outlet respectively. The two axial holes 3 are adjacent to each other and intersect with a first auxiliary line respectively. The first auxiliary line 1 and the second auxiliary line 2 are both engraved on the workpiece 100. The depth of the first auxiliary line 1 and the second auxiliary line 2 is 0.5 to 0.8 mm. Both the first auxiliary line 1 and the second auxiliary line 2 are V-shaped grooves with an opening of 55 degrees to 65 degrees. The first auxiliary line 1 extends to the outer edge of the workpiece. The first auxiliary line 1 and the corresponding second auxiliary line 2 are located on one side of opposite sides of the workpiece, and are symmetrically arranged with the first auxiliary lines corresponding to the two axial holes 3.

[0030] Step S2: Fix the workpiece 100 to the fixture to make the workpiece 100 stand upright, and fix the fixture to the vertical milling machine. It is necessary to align the machining reference point of the fixture on the vertical milling machine.

[0031] Step S3. Loosen the workpiece 100 and adjust its rotational position until a second auxiliary line aligns with the indexing scale of the fixture, and the first auxiliary line corresponding to the second auxiliary line is parallel to the drill bit of the vertical milling machine. Then, fix the workpiece using the fixture. The workpiece 100 is released by loosening the fasteners at the clamping plate 102 of the fixture. Since both the rotating shaft 105 and the support column 103 support the workpiece 100, it is easy for the operator to manually rotate the workpiece 100. After adjusting the position of the workpiece 100, tighten the fasteners at the clamping plate 102. Alternatively, fasteners or other components that restrict the forward and backward movement of the workpiece 100 can be installed at both the rotating shaft 105 and the support column 103.

[0032] Step S4: Machining of the inclined hole 10. After one inclined hole is machined, the workpiece 100 is rotated and the steps of S3 are repeated. All inclined holes 10 are machined in sequence to connect adjacent inclined holes 10 to form an annular waterway, and the ends of all inclined holes 10 are sealed. First, the oblique hole corresponding to the first auxiliary line intersecting with an axial hole is machined. Then, the remaining oblique holes are machined in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Finally, the oblique hole corresponding to the first auxiliary line intersecting with another axial hole is machined. An end mill is used to machine a countersunk hole 110 at the outer end of an inclined hole 10 perpendicular to the ground. Then, a pilot hole 111 communicating with the countersunk hole 110 is machined. The inclined hole 10 is then machined using a drill bit 200 on a vertical milling machine. Finally, a plug 4 is fitted into the countersunk hole 110 and welded to the workpiece 100. In this embodiment, the inner end of the plug 4 has a first mating inclined surface 41, and the outer end of the plug 4 has a second mating inclined surface 42 near the outer wall of the workpiece 100. The outer end of the plug 4 has a boss 43 extending outward in a circumferential direction at a distance from the second mating inclined surface 42. After the plug 4 is installed, the first mating inclined surface 41 of the plug 4 is parallel to the extension direction of the adjacent inclined hole. The plug 4 is press-fitted so that the bottom surface of the boss 43 of the plug 4 is in contact with the stepped surface of the countersunk hole 110, and the first mating inclined surface 41 of the plug 4 is parallel to the axis of the adjacent inclined hole. Then, the second mating inclined surface 42 of the plug 4 is filled with welding to fill the entire countersunk hole 110.

[0033] In step S4, a cyclic, layered, and deep machining method is used to machine the inclined hole. The drill bit 200 rotates at 350-400 rpm and feeds vertically downwards along the front end of the inclined hole 10 at a feed rate of 100-130 mm / min. After each machining of the inclined hole 10 by 10-12 mm of axial length, the drill bit 200 stops feeding downwards and waits for a set time before moving upwards. In this embodiment, the set time is 2-3 seconds. The drill bit 200 moves vertically upwards to the countersunk hole 110 and waits until the cutting coolant fills the inclined hole 10 being machined before feeding downwards again. It continues to feed along the inclined hole 10 based on the previous machining, so that the hole depth increases by 10-12 mm. This layered machining of the inclined hole is repeated until it connects with the adjacent inclined hole 10.

[0034] This invention can perform annular water channel processing on molds, which has the advantage of ensuring good processing results while keeping production costs low.

Claims

1. A method for processing water channels in a mold, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. According to the drawing requirements, several first auxiliary lines and second auxiliary lines are machined on the surface of the workpiece to be processed. Each second auxiliary line corresponds to a first auxiliary line. The projection of the first auxiliary line along the workpiece axis coincides with the projection of the position of the inclined hole to be processed along the workpiece axis. The corresponding first auxiliary lines and second auxiliary lines form a fixed angle between them, and adjacent first auxiliary lines intersect. S2. Stand the workpiece upright and hold its position using a clamp; S3. Adjust the rotation position of the workpiece until a second auxiliary line is aligned with the indexing scale of the fixture or vertical milling machine, and the first auxiliary line corresponding to the second auxiliary line is parallel to the drill bit of the vertical milling machine; S4. Perform the machining of the inclined holes. After one inclined hole is completed, rotate the workpiece and repeat the steps of S3 to complete the machining of all the inclined holes in sequence, so that adjacent inclined holes are connected to form an annular waterway, and seal some or all of the ends of the inclined holes.

2. The mold water channel processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, two axial holes are machined on the end face of the workpiece. The two axial holes are used for water inlet and water outlet, respectively. The two axial holes are adjacent to each other and intersect with a first auxiliary line.

3. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the oblique hole corresponding to the first auxiliary line intersecting with an axial hole is machined first, then the remaining oblique holes are machined in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, and finally the oblique hole corresponding to the first auxiliary line intersecting with another axial hole is machined.

4. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first auxiliary lines corresponding to the two axial holes are symmetrically arranged.

5. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the first auxiliary line extends to the outer edge of the workpiece.

6. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the first auxiliary line and the corresponding second auxiliary line are located on one side of the opposite sides of the workpiece.

7. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the first auxiliary line and the second auxiliary line are both engraved on the workpiece. The depth of the first auxiliary line and the second auxiliary line is 0.5 to 0.8 mm. The first auxiliary line and the second auxiliary line are V-shaped line segment grooves with an opening of 55 degrees to 65 degrees.

8. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, a countersunk hole is machined at the outer end of the inclined hole, followed by a pilot hole that communicates with the countersunk hole. Then, the inclined hole is machined using a drill bit on a vertical milling machine. Finally, the plug is fitted into the countersunk hole and the plug is welded to the workpiece for fixation.

9. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 8, characterized in that... The oblique hole is machined using a cyclic, layered, and in-depth machining method. The specific scheme of the cyclic, layered, and in-depth machining method is as follows: The drill bit rotates at 350~400 rpm and moves vertically downwards along the pilot hole at a feed rate of 100~130 mm / min to machine the inclined hole; After each axial length of the inclined hole is processed by 10-12 mm, the drill bit stops feeding downwards and waits for a set time before moving upwards. Move the drill bit vertically upwards to the countersunk hole and wait. After the cutting coolant fills the inclined hole being machined, feed downwards again and continue feeding along the inclined hole based on the previous machining to increase the hole depth by 10-12 mm. Repeat this process of machining the oblique holes layer by layer until they connect with the adjacent oblique holes.

10. The method for processing water channels in a mold according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner end of the plug has a first mating slope, the outer end of the plug has a second mating slope near the outer wall of the workpiece, and the outer end of the plug has a boss extending outward in a circumferential direction at a location offset from the second mating slope.

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