纳米纤维基碳气凝胶及其制备方法和应用

By preparing nanofiber-based carbon aerogels by mixing oxidized cellulose and chitosan, the compressibility and stability issues of existing carbon aerogels in supercapacitors and strain sensors were solved, realizing carbon aerogels with high porosity and structural stability, thus improving the performance and service life of the devices.

CN118458750BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-17WUHAN TEXTILE UNIV

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
WUHAN TEXTILE UNIV
Filing Date
2024-05-07
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing carbon aerogels suffer from problems such as poor compressibility, low porosity, and poor structural stability in supercapacitors and strain sensors, which limit their widespread application.

Method used

Cellulose was oxidized to prepare nanofiber colloids, which were then mixed with chitosan. The mixture was mechanically crushed and freeze-dried to form chitosan/nanofiber aerogels, which were then carbonized to form nanofiber-based carbon aerogels with a three-dimensional spider web structure.

Benefits of technology

This improves the porosity and compressibility of carbon aerogels, enhances structural stability, and improves the specific capacitance and cycling performance of supercapacitors and strain sensors, making them suitable for large-scale preparation and industrial applications.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纳米纤维基碳气凝胶及其制备方法和应用,该碳气凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:对纤维素进行氧化处理、机械破碎,得到纳米纤维胶体,加入壳聚糖溶液进行机械破碎,冷冻干燥,得到壳聚糖 / 纳米纤维气凝胶;对壳聚糖 / 纳米纤维气凝胶进行碳化,得到纳米纤维基碳气凝胶。本发明制备的纳米纤维基碳气凝胶具有孔隙率高、可压缩性好、结构稳定等优点,作为自支撑电极材料可以显著提高超级电容器、应变传感器的比电容、循环性能和使用寿命等性能,对于促进超级电容器、应变传感器在实际生产中的广泛应用具有重要意义。本发明制备方法还具有制备过程可控、工艺简单、操作方便、成本低廉等优点,适合于大规模制备,利于工业化应用。
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