Copper smelting tailings comprehensive utilization method and comprehensive utilization device

Abstract

The application discloses a copper smelting tailing comprehensive utilization method and a comprehensive utilization device, which comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment; S2, acid leaching extraction; S3, adding a surfactant into a first reaction tank, simultaneously adding a dispersing precipitant, stirring and reacting for 1-5 hours, forming white carbon black suspended in a solution, obtaining separated liquid and separated residue after solid-liquid separation, and the separated liquid entering a second reaction tank; S4, replacement reaction; S5, sulfuration reaction; S6, evaporation crystallization; and S7, high-temperature calcination. The process can fully recover useful mineral resources in the tailings, has low recovery cost, and the comprehensive utilization device matched with the process can automatically adjust the stability of the internal gas pressure of the tank during the sulfuration reaction, ensures good sealing to prevent hydrogen sulfide gas leakage, and also plays a blocking and slowing down role on the rising of bubbles in the separated liquid, which is beneficial to accelerating the sulfuration reaction rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper smelting tailings treatment technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for the comprehensive utilization of copper smelting tailings. Background Technology

[0002] In the copper smelting industry, copper smelting slag is a common mineral resource. Typically, copper smelting slag is processed using physical methods such as flotation and magnetic separation to extract copper concentrate and iron concentrate. Tailings, a waste product left over from copper smelting, contains large amounts of minerals such as SiO2 and Fe2O3, as well as small amounts of metallic elements such as Cu, Pb, and Zn. Currently, a small portion of tailings is used as raw material for cement production, while the majority is disposed of through landfill or direct disposal. This practice wastes resources and pollutes the environment.

[0003] Therefore, we need a comprehensive utilization method and device to process these tailings, extract the useful mineral resources from them, make full use of the tailings, and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, this application provides a comprehensive utilization method and device for copper smelting tailings to meet the needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and separation and purification apparatus for preparing ultrafine silica from copper smelting tailings, in order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background above.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a method for comprehensive utilization of copper smelting tailings, comprising the following steps,

[0006] S1: Pretreatment, drying and crushing the tailings to improve their solubility and reactivity, and controlling the particle size to 300 to 350 mesh;

[0007] S2: Acid leaching extraction. Sulfuric acid is added to an acid leaching tank containing copper smelting tailings powder for acid leaching. After solid-liquid separation, leachate and leaching residue are obtained. The leaching residue is used to recover iron concentrate and silicon powder by magnetic separation. The leachate enters the first reaction tank.

[0008] S3: Add surfactant dropwise to the first reaction vessel, and add dispersant and precipitant at the same time. Stir and react for 1-5 hours to form silica suspended in the solution. After solid-liquid separation, separate liquid and separate residue are obtained. Separate liquid enters the second reaction vessel.

[0009] S4: Adjust the pH of the separation liquid in the second reaction tank to 2-4, and add iron concentrate to carry out a displacement reaction. After solid-liquid separation, separation residue and separation liquid are obtained. Copper is recovered from the separation residue, and the separation liquid enters the third reaction tank.

[0010] S5: Adjust the pH of the separation liquid in the third reaction tank to 4-6, and add hydrogen sulfide to carry out the sulfidation reaction. After solid-liquid separation, separation residue and separation liquid are obtained. Zinc, cobalt and molybdenum are recovered from the separation residue, and the separation liquid enters the evaporator crystallizer.

[0011] S6: Evaporate and crystallize the separated liquid in the evaporation crystallization to produce ferrous sulfate monohydrate or heptahydrate and concentrated sulfuric acid. Solid-liquid separation is achieved. The sulfuric acid can be returned to steps S2, S4 and S5 for use. The ferrous sulfate monohydrate or heptahydrate enters the high-temperature furnace.

[0012] S7: Ferrous sulfate monohydrate or heptahydrate is calcined at high temperature in a high-temperature furnace with appropriate oxygen supply to produce iron oxide and sulfur trioxide gas, and then sulfuric acid is prepared using the sulfur trioxide gas.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this example, in step S3, the amount of surfactant used is 0.5-1.1% of the weight of silica, and the amount of dispersant precipitant used is 1.2-1.8% of the weight of silica.

[0014] A comprehensive utilization device includes an acid leaching tank, a first reaction vessel, a second reaction vessel, a third reaction vessel, an evaporator crystallizer, and a high-temperature furnace. The outlets of the acid leaching tank, the first reaction vessel, the second reaction vessel, the third reaction vessel, and the evaporator crystallizer are all connected to a solid-liquid separator. The acid leaching tank, the first reaction vessel, the second reaction vessel, the third reaction vessel, and the evaporator crystallizer are all connected by pipelines.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the third reaction vessel includes an outer ring plate movably installed in the inner cavity of the vessel, a stirring shaft installed inside the vessel, and an aeration pipe. An inner ring plate is rotatably and sealed by a first sealing bearing. An elastic sealing gasket that slides against the inner wall of the vessel is provided on the outer wall of the outer ring plate. An annular float is fixed to the bottom of the outer ring plate by a connecting rod. A support rod that can support the bottom of the annular float is provided on the inner wall of the vessel.

[0016] The lower end of the stirring shaft passes through a through hole located at the center of the inner ring plate. An elastic sealing sleeve is installed inside the through hole, and the inner wall of the elastic sealing sleeve slides against the outer wall of the stirring shaft. Multiple stirring rods are evenly distributed at the lower end of the stirring shaft, with multiple aeration heads arranged in a row on the lowest stirring rod. The upper end of the stirring shaft passes through the top of the tank. The upper part of the stirring shaft is hollow, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted within the hollow cavity of the stirring shaft via a second sealed bearing. Small-sized pulleys and drive gears are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. The drive gear is located within the inner cavity of a housing on the stirring shaft. The cavity is rotatably equipped with a first reciprocating screw, and a first movable nut is sleeved on the first reciprocating screw. A first piston is fixedly installed on the first movable nut, and the lower end of the first piston is sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the first suction cylinder. An inlet check valve and an outlet check valve are respectively installed on the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the first suction cylinder. The outlet pipe is connected to the inlet air passage of the multiple aeration heads. A first gear is fixedly sleeved on the first reciprocating screw, and the first gear is meshed with the drive gear. Multiple first hoses are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the shell, and the lower ends of the multiple first hoses are sealed and penetrate the inner ring plate.

[0017] A drive motor is installed at the upper end of the tank. Two large pulleys are mounted vertically on the output shaft of the drive motor. A large pulley is installed on the upper outer wall of the stirring shaft. The large pulley and the small pulley at the top, as well as the two large pulleys at the bottom, are connected by belts. A telescopic inlet pipe is provided on the tank. The upper end of the fixed pipe of the telescopic inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the tank. The lower end of the movable pipe of the telescopic inlet pipe passes through the outer ring plate and is sealed to the outer ring plate. The lower end of the fixed pipe is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the movable pipe, and the interior of the movable pipe is sealed with an elastic sealing ring that slides against the outer wall of the fixed pipe. A second exhaust pipe and a first exhaust pipe are provided at the upper end of the tank, communicating with the inner cavity above the outer ring plate. A second flexible hose is fixed to the lower end of the first exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the second flexible hose is sealed through the inner ring plate. Valves are provided on the telescopic inlet pipe, the first exhaust pipe, and the second exhaust pipe.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the exhaust volume of the first suction cylinder per unit time is less than the overflow volume of hydrogen sulfide per unit time, and it also includes a pressure stabilizing unit for stabilizing the gas pressure inside the tank.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of this example, the voltage stabilizing unit includes a gas extraction unit and a triggering unit for triggering the gas extraction unit to operate and perform gas extraction.

[0020] The gas extraction unit includes a second reciprocating screw rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the housing, a second movable nut sleeved on the second reciprocating screw, and a second piston fixedly installed on the second movable nut. The lower end of the second piston is sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the second extraction cylinder. An outlet valve and an inlet valve are respectively provided on the outlet pipe at the bottom of the second extraction cylinder and the inlet pipe on the side wall. A second gear with a cylindrical structure is fixedly sleeved on the second reciprocating screw.

[0021] Multiple aeration heads are arranged in rows on the two bottommost stirring rods. The inner cavity of the stirring shaft is provided with two gas channels. The lower ends of the two gas channels are respectively connected to the air inlet channels of the multiple aeration heads on the corresponding stirring rods. The upper end of one gas channel is connected to the air outlet pipe at the lower end of the first suction cylinder, and the upper end of the other gas channel is connected to the air outlet pipe at the lower end of the second suction cylinder.

[0022] The triggering unit includes a hollow column, a rectangular rod slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the hollow column, a connecting gear rotatably disposed at the upper end of the rectangular rod, and the connecting gear meshing with a second gear, an elastic diaphragm sealed below the rectangular rod, and the axis of the elastic diaphragm being fixedly connected to the lower end of the rectangular rod via a vertical rod.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the gas extraction unit is configured as two sets, and the two second gears in the two sets of gas extraction units are meshed with the connecting gear. The two gas outlet pipes in the two sets of gas extraction units are respectively connected to the same gas flow channel. Initially, the two second pistons in the two gas extraction units are arranged one up and one down. When extracting gas, the two second pistons move up and down alternately.

[0024] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The present invention has a reasonable structure, and the process can fully recover the useful mineral resources in the tailings, with low recovery cost;

[0026] 2. In this invention, the comprehensive utilization device automatically adjusts the stability of the gas pressure inside the tank during the sulfidation reaction, ensuring good sealing to prevent hydrogen sulfide gas leakage. At the same time, the gas pressure also slows down the rise of bubbles in the separation liquid, which is beneficial to accelerating the sulfidation reaction rate. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the third reaction vessel in the middle;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the third reaction vessel in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the middle shell;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the medium voltage regulator unit;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hollow column.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Acid leaching tank; 2. Third reaction vessel; 21. Outer ring plate; 22. Elastic sealing gasket; 23. Annular float plate; 24. Stirring shaft; 25. Large-size pulley; 26. Drive motor; 27. Inner ring plate; 28. First sealed bearing; 29. ​​Shell; 210. First hose; 211. Second hose; 212. First exhaust pipe; 213. Second exhaust pipe; 214. Telescopic inlet pipe; 215. Aeration head; 216. Aeration pipe; 217. Second sealed bearing; 218. Rotating shaft; 219. First gear; 220. First reciprocating lead screw; 221 1. First piston; 222. First suction cylinder; 223. First moving nut; 224. Inlet check valve; 225. Inlet check valve; 226. Drive gear; 227. Small-sized pulley; 3. Second reaction vessel; 4. First reaction vessel; 5. Evaporator crystallizer; 6. Solid-liquid separator; 7. High-temperature furnace; 8. Pressure stabilizing unit; 81. Hollow column; 82. Rectangular rod; 83. Connecting gear; 84. Second reciprocating screw; 85. Second moving nut; 86. Second piston; 87. Second suction cylinder; 88. Second gear; 89. Elastic diaphragm; 9. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example: Reference Figure 1 The method and apparatus for comprehensive utilization of copper smelting tailings shown herein include,

[0038] S1: Pretreatment, drying and crushing the tailings to improve their solubility and reactivity, and controlling the particle size to 300 to 350 mesh;

[0039] Controlling the particle size to above 300 mesh can increase its surface area, improve reactivity and solubility. At the same time, controlling the particle size to below 350 mesh can make it more difficult to completely separate the leaching residue from the liquid in subsequent solid-liquid separation steps, resulting in reduced separation efficiency, affecting the recovery of iron concentrate and silicon powder, and increasing the residue in the separation liquid, which affects the purity of the subsequent separated products.

[0040] S2: Acid leaching extraction. Sulfuric acid is added to an acid leaching tank containing copper smelting tailings powder for acid leaching. After solid-liquid separation, leachate and leaching residue are obtained. The leaching residue is used to recover iron concentrate and silicon powder by magnetic separation. The leachate enters the first reaction tank.

[0041] Sulfuric acid is added to copper smelting tailings powder for acid leaching, which dissolves mineral resources such as SiO2 and Fe2O3 in the solution. After solid-liquid separation, iron concentrate and silicon powder are recovered by magnetic separation of the leaching residue.

[0042] S3: Add surfactant dropwise to the first reaction vessel, and add dispersant and precipitant at the same time. Stir and react for 1-5 hours to form silica suspended in the solution. After solid-liquid separation, separate liquid and separate residue are obtained. Separate liquid enters the second reaction vessel.

[0043] One or more surfactants and dispersants / precipitants, such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, polyethylene glycol, trimethylethoxysilane, etc., can be added during the reaction. The silica will be suspended in the solution. After solid-liquid separation, the separated residue can be dried to obtain the silica product.

[0044] S4: Adjust the pH of the separation liquid in the second reaction tank to 2-4, and add iron concentrate to carry out a displacement reaction. After solid-liquid separation, separation residue and separation liquid are obtained. Copper is recovered from the separation residue, and the separation liquid enters the third reaction tank.

[0045] The iron concentrate produced by magnetic separation is used to replace copper ions in the separation liquid, which reduces costs and does not introduce new ions. At the same time, it provides iron for the subsequent production of iron oxide. The pH value of the solution should be kept in the acidic range, with pH between 2 and 4 being the most suitable. Copper is more easily replaced under acidic conditions. In addition, the acidic environment helps to maintain the dissolved state of metal ions in the solution and improves the reaction efficiency.

[0046] S5: Adjust the pH of the separation liquid in the third reaction tank to 4-6, and add hydrogen sulfide to carry out the sulfidation reaction. After solid-liquid separation, separation residue and separation liquid are obtained. Zinc, cobalt and molybdenum are recovered from the separation residue, and the separation liquid enters the evaporator crystallizer.

[0047] Using hydrogen sulfide for sulfidation reaction can cause zinc, cobalt, molybdenum and other substances in the separation liquid to form sulfide precipitates, thus completing the recovery of zinc, cobalt and molybdenum. The pH value of the solution is controlled between 4 and 6. Under this acidic condition, iron ions will not form sulfide precipitates, while sulfide precipitates of metal ions such as zinc, cobalt and molybdenum are more likely to form. At the same time, it is also beneficial to reduce the volatilization of hydrogen sulfide and ensure the reaction proceeds.

[0048] S6: Evaporate and crystallize the separated liquid in the evaporation crystallization to produce ferrous sulfate monohydrate or heptahydrate and concentrated sulfuric acid. Solid-liquid separation is achieved. The sulfuric acid can be returned to steps S2, S4 and S5 for use. The ferrous sulfate monohydrate or heptahydrate enters the high-temperature furnace.

[0049] Through evaporation and crystallization, the water in the separation liquid is evaporated to form concentrated sulfuric acid, and ferrous sulfate monohydrate or heptahydrate crystals precipitate out of the separation liquid.

[0050] S7: Ferrous sulfate monohydrate or heptahydrate is calcined at high temperature in a high-temperature furnace with appropriate oxygen supply to produce iron oxide and sulfur trioxide gas, and then sulfuric acid is prepared using the sulfur trioxide gas.

[0051] During high-temperature calcination, appropriate oxygen supply can oxidize ferrous iron (Fe2+) to ferric iron (Fe3+), so that iron oxide can be obtained directly in the subsequent process. Sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide are generated during high-temperature calcination. With appropriate oxygen supply, the sulfur dioxide generated can be oxidized to sulfur trioxide. Sulfuric acid can then be prepared directly using sulfur trioxide gas. The sulfuric acid can be used in steps S2, S3, and S4.

[0052] The entire process can effectively recover various mineral resources from tailings, and the recovery cost is relatively low.

[0053] In step S3, the amount of surfactant used is 0.5-1.1% of the weight of silica, and the amount of dispersant precipitant used is 1.2-1.8% of the weight of silica.

[0054] When the amount of surfactant is in the range of 0.5-1.1%, it can effectively cover the surface of silica particles, thereby preventing particle agglomeration. This ratio will neither over-cover the silica particles nor expose too much of their surface, thus achieving the best dispersion effect. When the amount of dispersant and precipitant is in the range of 1.2-1.8%, the dispersant and precipitant can form a sufficient protective film, effectively preventing the agglomeration and sedimentation of silica particles, improving the stability of the suspension, and ensuring the uniformity and stability of silica in subsequent processing, which is beneficial to improving product quality and processing efficiency.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 A comprehensive utilization device includes an acid leaching tank 1, a first reaction tank 4, a second reaction tank 3, a third reaction tank 2, an evaporator crystallizer 5, and a high-temperature furnace 7. The outlets of the acid leaching tank 1, the first reaction tank 4, the second reaction tank 3, the third reaction tank 2, and the evaporator crystallizer 5 are all connected to a solid-liquid separator 6. The acid leaching tank 1, the first reaction tank 4, the second reaction tank 3, the third reaction tank 2, and the evaporator crystallizer 5 are all connected by pipelines.

[0056] The above-mentioned equipment is used to perform acid leaching, precipitation, displacement, sulfidation, evaporation crystallization and high-temperature calcination in sequence. During this process, solid-liquid separation is performed by solid-liquid separator 6, and the liquid is pumped to the next station by the pump body set at the liquid outlet end of solid-liquid separator 6.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, refer to Figure 2-6 The third reaction tank 2 includes an outer ring plate 21 movably installed in the inner cavity of the tank, a stirring shaft 24 installed in the inner cavity of the tank, and an aeration pipe 216. The inner hole of the outer ring plate 21 is sealed and rotatably provided with an inner ring plate 27 through a first sealing bearing 28. An elastic sealing gasket 22 is provided on the outer wall of the outer ring plate 21 and slides against the inner wall of the tank. An annular float 23 is fixed to the bottom of the outer ring plate 21 through a connecting rod. A support rod 9 is provided on the inner wall of the tank to support the bottom of the annular float 23.

[0058] The lower end of the stirring shaft 24 passes through a through hole located at the center of the inner ring plate 27. An elastic sealing sleeve is installed inside the through hole, and the inner wall of the elastic sealing sleeve slides against the outer wall of the stirring shaft 24. Multiple stirring rods are evenly distributed at the lower end of the stirring shaft 24, and multiple aeration heads 215 are arranged in a row on the lowest stirring rod. The upper end of the stirring shaft 24 passes through the top of the tank. The upper part of the stirring shaft 24 is hollow. A rotating shaft 218 is rotatably mounted inside the hollow cavity of the stirring shaft 24 via a second sealing bearing 217. Small-sized pulleys 227 and drive gears 226 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 218. The drive gear 226 is located on the stirring shaft 24 and has an inner cavity of a housing 29. A first... A reciprocating lead screw 220 is provided, and a first moving nut 223 is sleeved on the first reciprocating lead screw 220. A first piston 221 is fixedly installed on the first moving nut 223, and the lower end of the first piston 221 is sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the first suction cylinder 222. An inlet check valve 224 and an outlet check valve 225 are respectively installed on the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the first suction cylinder 222. The outlet pipe is connected to the inlet air passage of multiple aeration heads 215. A first gear 219 is fixedly sleeved on the first reciprocating lead screw 220, and the first gear 219 is meshed with the drive gear 226. Multiple first hoses 210 are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the housing 29, and the lower ends of the multiple first hoses 210 are sealed and penetrate the inner ring plate 27.

[0059] A drive motor 26 is installed at the upper end of the tank. Two large pulleys 25 are mounted vertically on the output shaft of the drive motor 26. A large pulley 25 is also installed on the upper outer wall of the stirring shaft 24. The large pulley 25 and the small pulley 227 at the top, as well as the two large pulleys 25 at the bottom, are connected by belts. A telescopic inlet pipe 214 is provided on the tank, and the upper end of the fixed pipe of the telescopic inlet pipe 214 is fixedly connected to the tank. The lower end of the movable pipe of the telescopic inlet pipe 214 passes through the outer ring plate 2. 1. The movable tube is sealed to the outer ring plate 21. The lower end of the fixed tube is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the movable tube. The movable tube is sealed with an elastic sealing ring that slides against the outer wall of the fixed tube. The upper end of the tank is provided with a second exhaust pipe 213 and a first exhaust pipe 212 that communicate with the inner cavity above the outer ring plate 21. The lower end of the first exhaust pipe 212 is fixed with a second flexible hose 211. The lower end of the second flexible hose 211 is sealed through the inner ring plate 27. Valves are provided on the telescopic liquid inlet pipe 214, the first exhaust pipe 212 and the second exhaust pipe 213.

[0060] The valves on the first exhaust pipe 212 and the second exhaust pipe 213 are opened, and the separating liquid is first added into the inner cavity of the tank through the telescopic liquid inlet pipe 214. As the liquid level rises, the lower end of the annular float 23 will contact the liquid surface. As the liquid level continues to rise, the annular float 23 will drive the inner ring plate 27 and the outer ring plate 21 to move upward through buoyancy. After all the separating liquid has been added into the tank 1, the valves on the telescopic liquid inlet pipe 214, the first exhaust pipe 212, and the second exhaust pipe 213 are closed. At this time, hydrogen sulfide gas can be added into the aeration pipe 216 at a certain flow rate. At the same time, the drive motor 26 is controlled to drive the stirring shaft 24 to rotate and the rotating shaft 218 to rotate at different speeds (because the stirring is done by two large-size pulleys 25 and the pulleys cooperate). The rotating shaft 24 rotates through the cooperation of a large-size pulley 25 and a small-size pulley 227, resulting in a rotational speed of the rotating shaft 24 being greater than that of the stirring shaft 218. The rotation of the rotating shaft 218 can drive the first reciprocating screw 220 to rotate through the drive gear 226. Through the cooperation of the first moving nut 223, the first piston 221 is driven to move up and down reciprocally. The hydrogen sulfide gas that escapes to the liquid surface and is between the outer ring plate 21 and the inner ring plate 27 is drawn into the first suction cylinder 222 and finally flows back to the separation liquid from the aeration head 215 set on the stirring rod for reaction. The hydrogen sulfide gas can be reused, so that only a small amount of hydrogen sulfide gas needs to be introduced into the aeration pipe 216 to complete the entire sulfidation reaction.

[0061] It should be noted that: First, the purpose of the inner ring plate 27 and the outer ring plate 21 being able to float up and down is to ensure that the ambient space where the removed gas is located is always consistent, which is conducive to the extraction of the generated hydrogen sulfide gas into the first extraction cylinder 222; Second, through the elastic sealing gasket 22, elastic sealing sleeve, elastic sealing ring, first sealing bearing 28 and second sealing bearing 217, it is ensured that the stirring shaft 24 can rotate relative to the outer ring plate 21 while forming a good seal, which can prevent the hydrogen sulfide gas from overflowing.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 The first exhaust cylinder 222 has a discharge volume per unit time that is less than the overflow volume of hydrogen sulfide per unit time. It also includes a pressure stabilizing unit 8 for stabilizing the gas pressure inside the tank.

[0063] When the exhaust volume of the first suction cylinder 222 per unit time is less than the overflow volume of hydrogen sulfide per unit time, the gas pressure in the cavity between the liquid surface and the inner ring plate 27 and the outer ring plate 21 will increase. The increase in gas pressure above the liquid surface helps to reduce the rising speed of the steam drum in the separation liquid, so that the steam drum can be repeatedly stirred and broken by the stirring rod, which can increase the contact area with the separation liquid and thus improve the efficiency of the sulfidation reaction. As the gas pressure increases, it is easy to affect the sealing between the elastic sealing gasket 22 and the inner wall of the tank, the elastic sealing ring and the telescopic liquid inlet pipe 214, etc. (that is, it is easy to cause hydrogen sulfide gas to overflow into the cavity formed by the upper end of the inner ring plate 27 and the tank, so that this part of the hydrogen sulfide gas cannot return to the separation liquid for further reaction). Therefore, a pressure stabilizing unit 8 is set to maintain the gas pressure stability in the tank (that is, to maintain the gas pressure stability of the cavity between the upper end of the liquid surface and the inner ring plate 27). When the gas pressure in the cavity exceeds a certain value, the pressure stabilizing unit 8 automatically controls and ensures the gas pressure stability.

[0064] It should be noted that: First, the inner ring plate 27 and the outer ring plate 21 can be adjusted vertically to ensure that the distance between the liquid surface and the inner ring plate 27 remains constant and short. This facilitates a rapid increase in gas pressure within the gas chamber, quickly suppresses the rising speed of bubbles in the separated liquid, and accelerates the sulfidation reaction. Second, during the entire gas extraction process, the operation of the first extraction cylinder 222 is intermittent. That is, after the first extraction cylinder 222 is extracted from the gas chamber, the gas in the first extraction cylinder 222 is squeezed and sent into the separator. After the liquid is dissolved, gas is pumped out again from the gas chamber, with a brief pause in pumping to allow for a rapid increase in pressure inside the chamber. Throughout this process, the first piston 221 continuously moves up and down. This is to stop the aeration pipe from introducing hydrogen sulfide gas into the separating liquid (the amount introduced is generally determined by the amount of separating liquid; because hydrogen sulfide is toxic, to prevent unreacted hydrogen sulfide from escaping to the outside environment during subsequent operations, the amount added is sufficient for the reaction of the separating liquid). Then, the stirring shaft 24 continues to rotate. The first piston 221, in conjunction with the first suction cylinder 222, continues to pump air, returning the gas in the gas chamber to the separating liquid for sulfidation reaction until the hydrogen sulfide is completely reacted; thirdly, to ensure a sufficiently high gas pressure in the gas chamber to effectively reduce the rising speed of bubbles in the separating liquid while maintaining a good local sealing effect as the gas pressure rises, a low-boiling-point liquid receiving cavity can be set inside the elastic sealing gasket 22, the elastic sealing sleeve, and the elastic sealing ring (which is connected to the elastic sealing gasket 22, the elastic sealing sleeve, and the elastic sealing ring). (Size-fitting ring structure) Since the sulfidation reaction in this process is an exothermic reaction, heat will be released during the reaction. The heat will heat the gas in the gas chamber and the low-boiling-point liquid in the low-boiling-point liquid container, causing the gas in the gas chamber to expand, which is conducive to the rapid increase of the gas pressure in the gas chamber. At the same time, it can cause the low-boiling-point liquid to vaporize, causing the low-boiling-point liquid container to expand outward and form a good seal; Fourth, the drive motor 26 is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the drive motor 26 moves at a constant speed throughout the process.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The voltage stabilizing unit 8 includes a gas pumping unit and a triggering unit for triggering the gas pumping unit to operate and pump gas.

[0066] The gas extraction unit includes a second reciprocating screw 84 rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the housing 29, a second moving nut 85 sleeved on the second reciprocating screw 84, and a second piston 86 fixedly mounted on the second moving nut 85. The lower end of the second piston 86 is sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the second extraction cylinder 87. An exhaust check valve 225 and an intake check valve 224 are respectively provided on the exhaust pipe at the bottom of the second extraction cylinder 87 and the intake pipe on the side wall. A second gear 88 with a cylindrical structure is fixedly sleeved on the second reciprocating screw 84.

[0067] Multiple aeration heads 215 are arranged in rows on the two bottom stirring rods. The inner cavity of the stirring shaft 24 is provided with two gas channels. The lower ends of the two gas channels are connected to the air inlet channels of the multiple aeration heads 215 on the corresponding stirring rods. The upper end of one gas channel is connected to the air outlet pipe at the lower end of the first suction cylinder 222, and the upper end of the other gas channel is connected to the air outlet pipe at the lower end of the second suction cylinder 87.

[0068] The triggering unit includes a hollow column 81, a rectangular rod 82 is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow column 81, a connecting gear 83 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the rectangular rod 82, and the connecting gear 83 is meshed with the second gear 88. An elastic diaphragm 89 is sealed at the lower part of the rectangular rod 82, and the axis of the elastic diaphragm 89 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rectangular rod 82 through a vertical rod.

[0069] In use, when the air pressure in the cavity between the inner ring plate 27 and the liquid surface exceeds the set value and continues to rise, the rectangular rod 82 will move downward to squeeze the elastic diaphragm 89 under the action of external air pressure. When the air pressure rises to the set value, the connecting gear 83 on the downward-moving rectangular rod 82 will mesh with the drive gear 226, thereby driving the connecting gear 83 to rotate through the drive gear 226. Throughout the process, the connecting gear 83 is always meshed with the second gear 88, so that the rotating connecting gear 83 can drive the second gear 89 through the second gear 88. The reciprocating screw 84 rotates, cooperating with the second moving nut 85, which causes the second piston 86 to reciprocate up and down, quickly pumping the gas in the cavity to the separation liquid for sulfidation reaction. When the gas in the cavity returns to the set pressure, the rectangular rod 82 returns to its original position under the elastic force of the elastic diaphragm 89. At this time, the connecting gear 83 separates from the drive gear 226 and moves above the drive gear 226. The rectangular rod 82 is driven downward by air pressure, so that the connecting gear 83 and the drive gear 226 mesh and connect, thereby realizing the pumping operation of the second suction cylinder 87.

[0070] It should be noted that: First, the diameters of the connecting gear 83 and the second gear 88 are both smaller than the diameters of the driving gear 226 and the first gear 219. This is beneficial for increasing the rotational speed of the second reciprocating lead screw 84, thereby increasing the pumping speed and allowing the gas pressure in the gas chamber to quickly return to the set pressure, thus avoiding air leakage. Second, the two gas flow channels are provided to prevent cross-contamination that can easily occur when two pumping cylinders share a single gas flow channel (i.e., the gas in the first pumping cylinder 222 is pumped into the second pumping cylinder 87). This facilitates the rapid pumping of gas from the gas chamber into the separating liquid.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 The gas extraction unit is set into two sets, and the two second gears 88 in the two sets of gas extraction units are meshed with the connecting gear 83. The two gas outlet pipes in the two sets of gas extraction units are respectively connected to the same gas flow channel. Initially, the two second pistons 86 in the two gas extraction units are set up one above the other. When extracting gas, the two second pistons 86 move up and down alternately.

[0072] It is equipped with two sets of gas extraction units. When extracting gas, the two second pistons 86 move up and down alternately, which can realize continuous gas extraction operation, further accelerate the gas extraction rate, and prevent cross-flow of gas between the two second extraction cylinders 87.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated utilization device, characterized by: The system includes an acid leaching tank (1), a first reaction vessel (4), a second reaction vessel (3), a third reaction vessel (2), an evaporator crystallizer (5), and a high-temperature furnace (7). The outlets of the acid leaching tank (1), the first reaction vessel (4), the second reaction vessel (3), the third reaction vessel (2), and the evaporator crystallizer (5) are all connected to a solid-liquid separator (6). The acid leaching tank (1), the first reaction vessel (4), the second reaction vessel (3), the third reaction vessel (2), and the evaporator crystallizer (5) are all connected by pipes. The third reaction vessel (2) includes an outer ring plate (21) movably installed in the inner cavity of the vessel, a stirring shaft (24) installed in the inner cavity of the vessel, and an aeration pipe (216). The inner hole of the outer ring plate (21) is sealed and rotatably provided with an inner ring plate (27) through a first sealing bearing (28). An elastic sealing gasket (22) that slides against the inner wall of the vessel is provided on the outer wall of the outer ring plate (21). An annular float plate (23) is fixed to the bottom of the outer ring plate (21) through a connecting rod. A support rod (9) that can support the bottom of the annular float plate (23) is provided on the inner wall of the vessel. The lower end of the stirring shaft (24) passes through a through hole provided at the center of the inner ring plate (27). An elastic sealing sleeve is provided in the through hole, and the inner wall of the elastic sealing sleeve slides against the outer wall of the stirring shaft (24). Multiple stirring rods are evenly distributed at the lower end of the stirring shaft (24), and multiple aeration heads (215) are arranged in a row on the lowest stirring rod. The upper end of the stirring shaft (24) passes through the top of the tank. The upper part of the stirring shaft (24) is hollow. A rotating shaft (218) is rotatably provided in the hollow cavity of the stirring shaft (24) through a second sealing bearing (217). Small-sized pulleys (227) and drive gears (226) are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft (218). The drive gear (226) is located in the inner cavity of the housing (29) provided on the stirring shaft (24). The inner cavity of the housing (29) is rotatably provided with a first drive gear. A return screw (220) is provided, and a first moving nut (223) is sleeved on the first return screw (220). A first piston (221) is fixedly installed on the first moving nut (223), and the lower end of the first piston (221) is sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the first suction cylinder (222). An air inlet check valve (224) and an air outlet check valve (225) are respectively installed on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the first suction cylinder (222). The air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet channel of the multiple aeration heads (215). A first gear (219) is fixedly sleeved on the first return screw (220), and the first gear (219) is meshed with the drive gear (226). Multiple first hoses (210) are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the housing (29), and the lower ends of the multiple first hoses (210) are sealed and penetrate the inner ring plate (27). A drive motor (26) is installed at the upper end of the tank. Two large pulleys (25) are mounted vertically on the output shaft of the drive motor (26). A large pulley (25) is installed on the upper outer wall of the stirring shaft (24). The large pulley (25) and the small pulley (227) at the top, as well as the two large pulleys (25) at the bottom, are connected by belts. A telescopic inlet pipe (214) is provided on the tank. The upper end of the fixed pipe of the telescopic inlet pipe (214) is fixedly connected to the tank. The lower end of the movable pipe of the telescopic inlet pipe (214) passes through the outer ring plate (21). The movable tube is sealed to the outer ring plate (21). The lower end of the fixed tube is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the movable tube. The movable tube is sealed with an elastic sealing ring that slides against the outer wall of the fixed tube. The upper end of the tank is provided with a second exhaust pipe (213) and a first exhaust pipe (212) that communicate with the inner cavity above the outer ring plate (21). The lower end of the first exhaust pipe (212) is fixed with a second flexible hose (211). The lower end of the second flexible hose (211) is sealed through the inner ring plate (27). Valves are provided on the telescopic liquid inlet pipe (214), the first exhaust pipe (212), and the second exhaust pipe (213).

2. The integrated utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first suction cylinder (222) has a discharge volume per unit time that is less than the overflow volume of hydrogen sulfide per unit time, and also includes a pressure stabilizing unit (8) for stabilizing the gas pressure inside the tank.

3. The integrated utilization device of claim 2, wherein: The voltage stabilizing unit (8) includes a gas pumping unit and a triggering unit for triggering the gas pumping unit to operate and pump gas. The gas extraction unit includes a second reciprocating screw (84) rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the housing (29), a second moving nut (85) sleeved on the second reciprocating screw (84), and a second piston (86) fixedly installed on the second moving nut (85). The lower end of the second piston (86) is sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the second suction cylinder (87). An outlet valve (225) and an inlet valve (224) are respectively provided on the outlet pipe at the bottom of the second suction cylinder (87) and the inlet pipe on the side wall. A second gear (88) with a cylindrical structure is fixedly sleeved on the second reciprocating screw (84). The two bottommost stirring rods are each equipped with a row of aeration heads (215). The inner cavity of the stirring shaft (24) is provided with two gas channels. The lower ends of the two gas channels are respectively connected to the air inlet channels of the aeration heads (215) on the corresponding stirring rods. The upper end of one gas channel is connected to the air outlet pipe at the lower end of the first suction cylinder (222), and the upper end of the other gas channel is connected to the air outlet pipe at the lower end of the second suction cylinder (87). The triggering unit includes a hollow column (81), a rectangular rod (82) is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow column (81), a connecting gear (83) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the rectangular rod (82), and the connecting gear (83) is meshed with a second gear (88). An elastic diaphragm (89) is sealed below the rectangular rod (82), and the axis of the elastic diaphragm (89) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rectangular rod (82) through a vertical rod.

4. The integrated utilization device of claim 3, wherein: The gas extraction unit is configured in two sets, and the two second gears (88) in the two sets of gas extraction units are meshed with the connecting gear (83). The two gas outlet pipes in the two sets of gas extraction units are respectively connected to the same gas flow channel. Initially, the two second pistons (86) in the two gas extraction units are arranged one up and one down. When extracting gas, the two second pistons (86) move up and down alternately.

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