A stemming device for water hole blasting and method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to rock mass engineering blasting construction technical field, especially to a kind of filling device and method for water hole blasting, the device includes shell and the shell cover threadedly connected to shell, shell cover is hollow cylinder, shell is provided with water passing inner shell, and the closed space for accommodating glass cement is formed between water passing inner shell, shell cover and shell;By rotating and taking out shell cover, glass cement in the closed space formed by water passing inner shell, shell cover and shell flows out, then water passing inner shell is pulled, and water passing inner shell extrudes glass cement to be filled with blast hole inner wall.The present application adopts glass cement to seal blast hole opening, glass cement has better elasticity and adhesion, can be closely attached to hole wall, form more closed seal, enhance blasting rock effect, and glass cement has good waterproof performance, even if immersed in water for a long time, it will not easily decompose or performance reduces, more stable than gunite, suitable for wet environment of water pressure blasting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock mass engineering blasting construction technology, and in particular to a plugging device and method for water hole blasting. Background Technology

[0002] In decoupled charge blasting, the explosive biomass produced by the explosive blast is reduced in explosive power due to air friction. By adding water to fill the borehole, i.e., water decoupled charge blasting, the explosive biomass can be quickly transferred to the borehole wall due to the incompressibility of water, thus enhancing the blasting effect. However, how to fill the borehole with water and prevent it from overflowing to exert its effect is a major challenge.

[0003] In a current hydraulic blasting borehole rapid loading device (CN218524037U), water bags and explosives are separately loaded into different cylindrical structures, which are then connected and pushed into the borehole. This type of device uses costly cylindrical structures, and the water bag and explosives are only axially decoupled, which is limiting. It is unsuitable for scenarios requiring radially decoupled or powdered explosives. Furthermore, this device only completes the loading of the explosive charge; the borehole opening is still sealed using conventional stemming material. Stemming material is easily softened and lost under water, exhibiting poor water resistance. During blasting, the stemming material may be dispersed by water, weakening the sealing effect, and explosives may fly out from unsealed borehole openings, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to study a plugging device and method for water hole blasting to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plugging device and method for water hole blasting, so as to improve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] A plugging device for water-hole blasting includes an outer shell and an outer shell cover threadedly connected to the outer shell. The outer shell cover is hollow and cylindrical. A water-permeable inner shell is disposed through the outer shell, and a sealed space is formed between the water-permeable inner shell, the outer shell cover, and the outer shell to accommodate silicone sealant. By rotating and removing the outer shell cover, the silicone sealant in the sealed space formed by the water-permeable inner shell, the outer shell cover, and the outer shell flows out. Then, by pulling the water-permeable inner shell, the water-permeable inner shell squeezes the silicone sealant until it fills the inner wall of the blast hole.

[0007] More preferably, a rubber ring is provided at the connection between the outer shell and the inner shell, and the rubber ring prevents the silicone sealant from contacting the air when the inner shell moves.

[0008] More preferably, the water-passing inner shell is a flat circular ring and a hollow cylinder spliced ​​together, and the outer diameter of the flat circular ring is the same as the outer diameter of the outer shell cover. A one-way rubber cover is provided inside the water-passing inner shell, and the one-way rubber cover controls the water to flow unidirectionally from the hollow cylinder to the flat circular ring.

[0009] More preferably, a transition rubber ring is provided at the flat circular part of the water-passing inner shell, the transition rubber ring being used to prevent the glass glue from leaking out and to isolate the wires.

[0010] More preferably, the transition rubber ring is made of soft rubber, which does not damage the wire when rubbed against it.

[0011] More preferably, the filling device is applicable to loading methods including radially uncoupled, axially uncoupled, and powdered loading.

[0012] More preferably, it also includes auxiliary components for filling pharmaceutical packages in radially uncoupled, axially uncoupled, and powdered form.

[0013] More preferably, the auxiliary components include a base, a support tube, a locking tube, an upper cover, a detachable locking seat, and a rubber barrier ring. The detachable locking seat is installed on the base and is used to hold the medicine pack. The rubber barrier ring is fitted on the base. The base is engaged with the locking tube and contacts the upper cover. The locking tube passes through the upper cover. The upper cover includes a rigid plastic cap and a plastic film. The plastic film, the rigid plastic cap, and the base are sealed with silicone sealant. The support tube is located on the side of the upper cover away from the base.

[0014] More preferably, the plastic film of the upper shell cover is divided into an inner film and an outer film, the inner film is in contact with the locking tube, and glass glue is contained between the outer film and the inner film.

[0015] A method for plugging waterholes during blasting, employing the apparatus described in any of the preceding claims, includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Determine the number of medicine packs and their installation locations, install the medicine packs, and lead out the wires;

[0017] Step 2: Control the wire and slowly push the filling device into the borehole opening, ensuring minimal friction between the transition rubber ring and the wire and the inner wall of the borehole to avoid damaging the wire.

[0018] Step 3: Rotate the outer casing and remove it, so that the silicone sealant contacts the borehole wall and presses against the outer casing. Slowly pull the inner casing outward to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring and the wire and the inner wall of the borehole is small, so as to avoid damage to the wire. Force the silicone sealant to contact the inner wall of the borehole until it is completely filled without gaps.

[0019] Step 4: After the glass glue has hardened, rotate the inner shell cover and remove it. Pour water into the blast hole through the water-permeable inner shell. After the water overflows, use the inner shell cover to close it tightly. This completes the installation and use of the entire packing device and allows for the next blasting operation.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. This invention uses glass glue to seal the blast hole opening. Glass glue has better elasticity and adhesion, which can adhere tightly to the hole wall to form a more airtight seal, reduce water leakage, ensure that the pressure is more concentrated in the hole, and enhance the blasting effect. In addition, glass glue has good waterproof performance and will not easily decompose or reduce its performance even when soaked in water for a long time. It is more stable than blasting mud and is suitable for the wet environment of water pressure blasting.

[0022] 2. The device and method of the present invention have a simple structure, are easy to operate, and are quick to learn during construction, which greatly facilitates the operation of construction personnel, reduces time costs, and significantly improves the progress of the project.

[0023] 3. The device of the present invention can tightly block water, making incompressible water a filler. During the blasting of explosives, the biomass can be directly applied to the borehole wall through the water, which greatly improves the energy utilization rate of the explosives.

[0024] 4. The device and method of the present invention can not only be used for blasting operations with ordinary waterproof explosives, but also can be extended to different types of blasting operations such as axial water-decoupled charges and powdered charges, as will be shown in the embodiments.

[0025] 5. This invention can not only be used to tightly block water during water hole blasting, but also for temporary blocking during water pipe laying and temporary changes in water pipe diameter.

[0026] 6. The materials used in this invention, including the inner shell assembly, outer shell assembly, rubber ring, and glass glue, are inexpensive and have a certain strength. Compared with water bags, this device is not easily damaged during transportation, and water can be transported through water pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the outer shell and the outer shell cover of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the water-passing inner shell, inner shell cover, and one-way rubber cover of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the auxiliary component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the support tube, the locking tube, and the detachable locking seat of the present invention.

[0032] Figure descriptions: 1. Outer shell; 2. Outer shell cover; 3. Water-passing inner shell; 31. Inner shell cover; 4. Rubber ring; 5. One-way rubber cover; 6. Transition rubber ring; 71. Base; 72. Support tube; 73. Locking tube; 74. Upper shell cover; 75. Removable locking seat; 76. Rubber barrier ring; 8. Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "comprising" and similar expressions used herein mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or objects.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] This invention provides a plugging device for water hole blasting, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the device includes an outer shell 1 and an outer shell cover 2 threadedly connected to the outer shell 1. The outer shell cover 2 is a hollow cylindrical shape. A water-permeable inner shell 3 is provided through the outer shell 1. The water-permeable inner shell 3 serves as a support. A sealed space is formed between the water-permeable inner shell 3, the outer shell cover 2, and the outer shell 1 to contain silicone sealant. The silicone sealant reacts quickly upon contact with air to solidify the borehole wall. An inner shell cover 31 is threadedly connected to the water-permeable inner shell 3. The inner shell cover 31 is used to block water and ensure a seal. By rotating and removing the outer shell cover 2, the silicone sealant in the sealed space formed by the water-permeable inner shell 3, the outer shell cover 2, and the outer shell 1 flows out. Then, by pulling the water-permeable inner shell 3, the silicone sealant is squeezed into the inner wall of the borehole.

[0036] In some embodiments, the outer shell 1, the outer shell cover 2, the water-permeable inner shell 3, and the inner shell cover 31 are all made of rigid plastic material, which can ensure the strength of the entire device and improve the blasting effect while saving costs.

[0037] In some embodiments, a glass adhesive with strong adhesion to the inner wall of the borehole and a short curing time is used.

[0038] In some embodiments, since the silicone sealant requires curing time, the next step is performed after all the propellant charges and the device have been installed in all the boreholes.

[0039] In some embodiments, a rubber ring 4 is provided at the connection between the outer shell 1 and the inner water-passing shell 3. The rubber ring 4 prevents the glass glue from contacting the air and hardening when the inner water-passing shell 3 moves. The inner water-passing shell 3 is a flat ring and a hollow cylinder spliced ​​together, and the outer diameter of the flat ring is the same as the outer diameter of the outer shell cover 2. A one-way rubber cover 5 is provided inside the inner water-passing shell 3. The one-way rubber cover 5 controls the water to flow unidirectionally from the hollow cylinder to the flat ring.

[0040] In some embodiments, there is a transition splicing layer at the connection between the flat ring and the hollow cylinder to prevent the one-way rubber cover 5 from flowing out of the hollow cylinder due to water impact. This transition splicing layer can be any setting such as a groove or a bayonet that can prevent the one-way rubber cover 5 from flowing out of the hollow cylinder.

[0041] In some embodiments, a transition rubber ring 6 is provided at the flat circular part of the water-passing inner shell 3. The transition rubber ring 6 is used to prevent the glass glue from flowing out and to isolate the wire 8.

[0042] In some embodiments, the transition rubber ring 6 is made of soft rubber, which does not damage the wire 8 when rubbed with it, and can control the flow of glass glue into the borehole to avoid damage.

[0043] This packing device is applicable to various loading methods, including radially uncoupled, axially uncoupled, and powdered charge loading.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the blasting construction scheme selected in ordinary tunnel excavation uses blasting holes with a diameter of 40mm and a depth of 4m, ordinary waterproof emulsion explosives with a charge diameter of 32mm and a charge length of 200mm, and the electronic detonator and wire are all waterproof.

[0045] Preferably, this embodiment uses a device with a total diameter of 35mm and a total length of 150mm. The outer shell 1 has a total length of 15mm and an outer ring length of 10mm; the outer cover 2 has a total length of 130mm; the water-passing inner shell 3 has a length of 150mm, a flat circular ring length of 10mm, a small ring diameter of 10mm, and a large ring diameter of 16mm.

[0046] This embodiment also provides a plugging method for waterhole blasting, using the plugging device for waterhole blasting, including the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Determine the number of medicine packs and their installation locations, install the medicine packs, and lead out wire 8;

[0048] Step 2: Control the wire 8 and slowly push the filling device into the borehole opening to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring 4 and the wire 8 and the inner wall of the borehole is small and will not damage the wire 8.

[0049] Step 3: Rotate the outer casing 2 and remove it, so that the glass glue comes into contact with the borehole wall and presses against the outer casing 1. Slowly pull the water-filled inner casing 3 outward to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring 4 and the wire 8 and the inner wall of the borehole is small, so as to avoid damage to the wire 8. Force the glass glue to come into contact with the inner wall of the borehole until it is completely filled without gaps.

[0050] Step 4: After the glass glue has solidified, rotate the inner shell cover 31 and remove it. Pour water into the blast hole through the water-permeable inner shell 3. After the water overflows, use the inner shell cover 31 to close it tightly. This completes the installation and use of the entire packing device and allows for the next blasting operation.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] Based on Example 1, such as Figures 4-5 As shown, this embodiment provides an auxiliary component for filling medicine packets; the auxiliary component is used for filling medicine packets in radially decoupled, axially decoupled, and powdered form; the auxiliary component includes a base 71, a support tube 72, a locking tube 73, an upper cover 74, a detachable locking seat 75, and a rubber barrier ring 76. The detachable locking seat 75 is installed on the base 71 and is used to hold the medicine packet. Changing the position of the detachable locking seat 75 can achieve the purpose of changing from axially decoupled to radially decoupled medicine filling. The rubber barrier ring 76 is fitted on the base 71. The rubber barrier ring 76 and the transition rubber ring 6 have the same function. The base 71 is engaged with the locking tube 73. The base 71 is in contact with the upper cover 74. The locking tube 73 passes through the upper cover 74. The upper cover 74 includes a rigid plastic cap and a plastic film. The plastic film, the rigid plastic cap, and the base 71 are sealed with silicone sealant. The support tube 72 is located on the side of the upper cover 74 away from the base 71. The plastic film of the upper cover 74 is divided into an inner film and an outer film. The inner film is in contact with the locking tube 73, and silicone sealant is contained between the outer film and the inner film.

[0053] In some embodiments, the bottom of the locking tube 73 has protrusions on both sides that can lock the base 71, and the locking tube 73 can be removed by rotating it 90 degrees.

[0054] When this auxiliary component is used with decoupled explosive charges, the specific operation method is as follows:

[0055] Step 1: Determine the number of medicine packs and their installation positions, and insert this auxiliary device into the bottom of the medicine pack location through the support tube 72 and the locking tube 73;

[0056] Step 2: Press against the support tube 72 and pull out the locking tube 73. Use the squeezing force to break the plastic film on the outer ring of the upper shell cover 74, forcing the glass glue to contact the borehole wall.

[0057] Step 3: After the outer ring of silicone sealant has hardened, rotate the locking tube 73 ninety degrees and remove it.

[0058] Step 4: Insert the explosive charge into the detachable bracket 75 of the next set of auxiliary devices, slowly place it into the blast hole, and lead out the wire 8;

[0059] Step 5: Press against the support tube 72 and pull out the position tube 73. Use the squeezing force to break the plastic film on the outer ring of the upper shell cover 74, forcing the glass glue to contact the borehole wall.

[0060] Step 6: After the outer ring of silicone sealant has hardened, rotate the locking tube 73 ninety degrees and remove it.

[0061] Step 7: Repeat steps 1-6 above until all the explosive charges are placed. Slowly push the packing device into the borehole opening to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring 6 and the wire 8 and the inner wall of the borehole is small and will not damage the wire 8.

[0062] Step 8: Rotate the outer casing 2 and remove it, so that the glass glue comes into contact with the borehole wall and presses against the outer casing 1. Slowly pull the water-filled inner casing 3 outward to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring 6 and the wire 8 and the inner wall of the borehole is small, so as to avoid damage to the wire 8. Force the glass glue to come into contact with the inner wall of the borehole until it is filled without gaps.

[0063] Step 9: After the glass glue has solidified, rotate the inner shell cover 31 and remove it. Pour water into the blast hole through the water-permeable inner shell 3. After the water overflows, use the inner shell cover 31 to close it tightly. This completes the installation and use of the entire device and allows you to proceed with the next blasting operation.

[0064] Example 3:

[0065] Based on Example 2, the auxiliary device is applied to the blasting charge of powdered explosives. In this case, the detachable bracket 75 can be removed, specifically including the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Determine the amount of powdered explosive and the installation position, and send the auxiliary device into the bottom of the explosive charge location through the support tube 72 and the locking tube 73.

[0067] Step 2: Press against the support tube 72, pull out the locking tube 73, and squeeze the transparent plastic film on the outer ring of the upper cover 74 to force the glass glue to contact the hole wall;

[0068] Step 3: After the outer ring of silicone sealant has solidified, rotate the locking tube 73 90 degrees and remove it. Then rotate it 90 degrees and squeeze the inner ring of the plastic film on the upper cover 74. After the film is broken, remove the locking tube 73. The silicone sealant will be bonded to the inner ring and block the passage.

[0069] Step 4: After the glass glue in the inner ring has completely sealed and solidified, fill in the powdered explosive and extend the wire.

[0070] Step 5: Install the next set of auxiliary devices, rotate the support tube 72 90 degrees and pull out the locking tube 11, then rotate it 90 degrees and squeeze the support tube 72 and the locking tube 73 inward at the same time, breaking the transparent plastic film of the upper shell cover 74, forcing the glass glue to completely block the gun hole.

[0071] Step 6: Repeat steps 1-5 above until all the powdered explosives are placed. Slowly push the plugging device into the borehole opening to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring 6 and the wire 8 and the inner wall of the borehole is small and will not damage the wire 8.

[0072] Step 7: Rotate the outer casing 2 and remove it, so that the glass glue comes into contact with the borehole wall and presses against the outer casing 1. Slowly pull the water-filled inner casing 3 outward to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring 6 and the wire 8 and the inner wall of the borehole is small, so as to avoid damage to the wire 8. Force the glass glue to come into contact with the inner wall of the borehole until it is completely filled without gaps.

[0073] Step 8: After the glass glue has solidified, rotate the inner shell cover 31 and remove it. Pour water into the blast hole through the water-permeable inner shell 3. After the water overflows, use the inner shell cover 31 to close it tightly. This completes the installation and use of the entire device and allows you to proceed with the next blasting operation.

[0074] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0075] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plugging device for water hole blasting, characterized in that, The device includes an outer shell (1) and an outer shell cover (2) threadedly connected to the outer shell (1). The outer shell cover (2) is a hollow cylindrical shape. A water-permeable inner shell (3) is provided through the outer shell (1). A sealed space is formed between the water-permeable inner shell (3), the outer shell cover (2), and the outer shell (1) to accommodate silicone sealant. By rotating and removing the outer shell cover (2), the silicone sealant in the sealed space formed by the water-permeable inner shell (3), the outer shell cover (2), and the outer shell (1) flows out. Then, the water-permeable inner shell (3) is pulled to squeeze the silicone sealant until it fills the inner wall of the borehole. The water-passing inner shell (3) is a flat ring and a hollow cylinder spliced ​​together, and the outer diameter of the flat ring is the same as the outer diameter of the outer shell cover (2). A one-way rubber cover (5) is provided inside the water-passing inner shell (3). The one-way rubber cover (5) controls the water to flow unidirectionally from the hollow cylinder to the flat ring. A transition rubber ring (6) is provided at the flat circular ring of the water-passing inner shell (3). The transition rubber ring (6) is used to prevent the glass glue from flowing out and to isolate the wires. The packing device for water hole blasting also includes auxiliary components, which have a base (71), a support tube (72), a locking tube (73), an upper shell cover (74), a detachable locking seat (75), and a rubber barrier ring (76). The detachable locking seat (75) is installed on the base (71) and is used to hold the explosive charge. The rubber barrier ring (76) is fitted on the base (71). The base (71) is engaged with the locking tube (73). The base (71) is in contact with the upper shell cover (74). The locking tube (73) passes through the upper shell cover (74). The upper shell cover (74) includes a rigid plastic cap and a plastic film. The plastic film, the rigid plastic cap, and the base (71) are sealed with glass glue. The support tube (72) is located on the side of the upper shell cover (74) away from the base (71).

2. The plugging device for water hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber ring (4) is provided at the connection between the outer shell (1) and the inner shell (3). The rubber ring (4) prevents the glass glue from contacting the air when the inner shell (3) moves.

3. A plugging device for water hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition rubber ring (6) is made of soft rubber and does not damage the wire when rubbed against it.

4. A plugging device for waterhole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling device is applicable to various filling methods, including radially uncoupled, axially uncoupled, and powdered charge loading.

5. A plugging device for water hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary components are used for filling pharmaceutical packaging in radially uncoupled, axially uncoupled, and powdered form.

6. A plugging device for waterhole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plastic film of the upper cover (74) is divided into an inner film and an outer film. The inner film is in contact with the locking tube (73), and glass glue is contained between the outer film and the inner film.

7. A method for plugging waterholes during blasting, employing the apparatus described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the number of medicine packs and their installation locations, install the medicine packs, and lead out the wires (8); Step 2: Control the wire (8) and slowly push the filling device into the borehole opening to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring (6) and the wire (8) and the inner wall of the borehole is small and will not damage the wire (8). Step 3: Rotate the outer shell cover (2) and remove it, so that the glass glue comes into contact with the borehole wall and presses against the outer shell (1). Slowly pull the water-filled inner shell (3) outward to ensure that the friction between the transition rubber ring (6) and the wire (8) and the inner wall of the borehole is small, so as to avoid damage to the wire (8) and force the glass glue to come into contact with the inner wall of the borehole until it is filled without gaps. Step 4: After the glass glue has solidified, rotate the inner shell cover (31) and remove it. Pour water into the blast hole through the water-permeable inner shell (3). After the water overflows, use the inner shell cover (31) to close it tightly. This completes the installation and use of the entire filling device and allows for the next blasting operation.

Images