Kitchen waste pretreatment device and pretreatment method

Abstract

The present application relates to garbage disposal technical field, disclose a kind of kitchen garbage pretreatment device and pretreatment method, kitchen garbage pretreatment device includes: feed bin;Double-shaft breaker;Pulper, residue outlet is connected with squeezer, pulp outlet is equipped with the first filter screen for filtering slurry;First slurry pool, inlet is connected with the pulp outlet of pulper;Desludging machine, inlet is connected with the pulp outlet of first slurry pool, residue outlet is connected with squeezer, pulp outlet is equipped with the second filter screen for filtering slurry;Second slurry pool, inlet is connected with the pulp outlet of desludging machine;Squeezer, for squeezing the residue of pulper and the residue of desludging machine to make slurry, pulp outlet is connected with the inlet of second slurry pool;Sand setting machine;Feed bin and double-shaft breaker, between pulper and squeezer and between desludging machine and squeezer are each equipped with screw conveyor.Purpose slurry extraction rate is high, slurry particle is small, not easy to jam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment technology, and more specifically, to a pretreatment device for food waste. Furthermore, this invention also provides a pretreatment method for the aforementioned food waste pretreatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Food waste is characterized by high organic content, high oil content, and high salt content. The organic matter in food waste can be used to produce products such as protein powder and biodiesel. Currently, food waste is mostly processed through pulping machines to extract organic matter (slurry). This not only results in low organic matter extraction and utilization rates but also easily causes blockages in downstream equipment such as three-phase separators and bio-fermentation tanks.

[0003] In conclusion, how to improve the organic matter extraction rate of kitchen waste is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pretreatment device for kitchen waste, which can use a press to perform secondary pressing on the residue to obtain slurry. The slurry has a high extraction rate, and the slurry is filtered multiple times, resulting in smaller particle size and making it less likely to clog downstream equipment.

[0005] In addition, the present invention also provides a pretreatment method for the above-mentioned food waste pretreatment device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A food waste pretreatment device includes:

[0008] The feeding hopper is used to temporarily store kitchen waste awaiting processing and to drain the moisture from the kitchen waste;

[0009] A twin-shaft crusher is used to shear and crush drained kitchen waste.

[0010] A pulping machine, whose slag outlet is connected to a press, and whose pulp outlet is equipped with a first filter screen for filtering the pulp;

[0011] The first slurry tank has its inlet connected to the outlet of the pulping machine;

[0012] The slag remover has its inlet connected to the outlet of the first slurry tank and its outlet connected to the press. Its outlet is equipped with a second filter screen for filtering the slurry. The screen hole diameter of the second filter screen is smaller than that of the first filter screen.

[0013] The second slurry tank has its inlet connected to the outlet of the slurry remover;

[0014] The press is used to press the residue from the pulping machine and the residue from the deslagging machine to produce pulp, and its pulp outlet is connected to the pulp inlet of the second pulp tank.

[0015] A grit chamber is used to filter and remove sand from slurry.

[0016] Screw conveyors are provided between the feed hopper and the twin-shaft crusher, between the pulper and the press, and between the slag remover and the press.

[0017] Preferably, the filtration accuracy of the first filter screen is 8 mm, so as to convey slurry with a diameter of 8 mm or less to the first slurry tank.

[0018] Preferably, the second filter screen has a filtration accuracy of 3 mm, so as to convey slurry with a diameter of 3 mm or less to the second slurry tank.

[0019] Preferably, it further includes a third slurry tank for connection to the back-end equipment, wherein the inlet of the third slurry tank is connected to the outlet of the grit chamber, and the outlet of the third slurry tank is connected to the inlet of the back-end equipment.

[0020] Preferably, a slurry conditioning pipeline is provided between the third slurry tank and the pulping machine, and the slurry conditioning pipeline is equipped with a slurry conditioning pump, which is used to adjust the flow rate of slurry from the third slurry tank into the pulping machine.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes a drain pool, which is connected to the drain outlet of the feed hopper, and the drain pool is used to temporarily store the water drained from the kitchen waste.

[0022] Preferably, a drainage pipeline is provided between the drainage tank and the first slurry tank, and the drainage pipeline is equipped with a drainage pump, which is used to regulate the flow rate of the drainage water in the drainage tank into the first slurry tank.

[0023] A pretreatment method for the food waste pretreatment device described in any one of the above claims, comprising:

[0024] Drain the water from the kitchen waste and then use a twin-shaft shredder to cut and crush it.

[0025] The crushed kitchen waste is pulped using a pulping machine. The pulp that passes through the first filter screen is transported to the first pulp tank, and the residue produced during pulping is transported to a press for pressing.

[0026] The slurry in the first slurry tank is mixed evenly;

[0027] The slurry and slag are separated by a slag remover. The slurry that passes through the second filter screen is transported to the second slurry tank, and the separated slag is transported to the press for pressing.

[0028] The slurry obtained by pressing the press is conveyed to the second slurry tank and the slurry in the second slurry tank is mixed evenly;

[0029] The slurry is treated by using a sand setter.

[0030] The food waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention uses a twin-shaft crusher to shear and crush food waste, and then performs pulping treatment on the food waste, which helps to reduce the amount of residue generated during pulping and improves the pulp extraction rate.

[0031] Using a pulper and a slag remover to filter the pulp twice helps to reduce the particle size of the pulp and alleviate the clogging problem of downstream equipment. At the same time, the slag produced by pulping and slag removal is pressed by a press to form pulp. By utilizing the slag, the amount of slag is reduced and the pulp extraction rate is improved.

[0032] In addition, the present invention also provides a pretreatment method for the above-mentioned food waste pretreatment device. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the food waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the food waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a pulping machine.

[0037] Figures 1-3 middle:

[0038] 1-Feed hopper; 2-Twin-shaft crusher; 3-Pulping machine; 31-Feed inlet; 32-Pulping outlet; 33-Slag outlet; 34-Pulping machine motor; 4-First pulp tank; 5-Slag remover; 6-Second pulp tank; 7-Presser; 8-Grit setter; 9-Third pulp tank; 10-Draining tank; 11-Screw conveyor. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The core of this invention is to provide a pretreatment device for kitchen waste, which can use a press to perform secondary pressing on the residue to obtain slurry. The slurry has a high extraction rate, and the slurry is filtered multiple times, resulting in smaller particle size and making it less likely to clog downstream equipment.

[0041] In addition, the present invention also provides a pretreatment method for the above-mentioned food waste pretreatment device.

[0042] The food waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention includes:

[0043] Feed hopper 1 is used to temporarily store kitchen waste awaiting processing and to drain the moisture from the kitchen waste;

[0044] The twin-shaft crusher 2 is used to shear and crush drained kitchen waste;

[0045] The pulper 3 has a slag outlet 33 connected to the press 7, and its pulp outlet 32 ​​is equipped with a first filter screen for filtering the pulp.

[0046] The first slurry tank 4 has its inlet connected to the outlet of the pulping machine 3;

[0047] The slag remover 5 has its inlet connected to the outlet of the first slurry tank 4 and its slag outlet connected to the press 7. Its outlet is equipped with a second filter screen for filtering the slurry. The screen hole diameter of the second filter screen is smaller than that of the first filter screen.

[0048] The second slurry tank 6 has its slurry inlet connected to the slurry outlet of the slag remover 5;

[0049] The press 7 is used to press the residue from the pulping machine 3 and the residue from the deslagging machine 5 to produce pulp, and its pulp outlet is connected to the pulp inlet of the second pulp tank 6.

[0050] Grit chamber 8 is used for filtering and settling slurry.

[0051] Screw conveyors 11 are installed between the feed hopper 1 and the twin-shaft crusher 2, between the pulper 3 and the press 7, and between the slag remover 5 and the press 7.

[0052] It should be noted that the screw conveyors 11 between the feed hopper 1 and the twin-shaft crusher 2, between the pulper 3 and the press 7, and between the slag remover 5 and the press 7 can all be set up independently, or the same screw conveyor 11 can be shared when the equipment is close to each other, in order to save space and equipment costs.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 The slag from pulper 3 and slag from deslagging machine 5 can be conveyed to press 7 via the same screw conveyor 11.

[0054] The feeding hopper 1 is equipped with a draining device to drain the kitchen waste temporarily stored in the feeding hopper 1 in order to increase the processing capacity of the rear twin-shaft crusher 2. The drained kitchen waste is discharged from the discharge port of the feeding hopper 1 and conveyed to the feed port of the twin-shaft crusher 2 by the screw conveyor 11.

[0055] The twin-shaft crusher 2 is used to shear and crush the drained kitchen waste to reduce its volume and facilitate subsequent pulping. Typically, the twin-shaft crusher 2 can cut the kitchen waste into 40-50mm pieces, thus releasing the organic matter within the kitchen waste.

[0056] To prevent the feed flow of kitchen waste from exceeding the processing capacity of the twin-shaft crusher 2 and causing blockage, the conveying speed of the screw conveyor 11 between the feed hopper 1 and the twin-shaft crusher 2 is usually adjustable. The main control system can automatically adjust the feed speed of the screw conveyor 11 according to the real-time load of the twin-shaft crusher 2 in actual production.

[0057] Pulping machine 3 is used to pulp crushed kitchen waste to obtain a pulp rich in organic matter. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 The crushed kitchen waste enters the pulper 3 through the feed inlet 31. The pulper motor 34 drives the pulper main shaft to rotate, turning the crushed kitchen waste into pulp.

[0058] To prevent slag from entering the first slurry tank 4 along with the slurry and causing pipeline blockage, the slurry outlet 32 ​​of the pulper 3 is equipped with a first filter screen for filtering the slurry. The slurry that passes through the first filter screen enters the first slurry tank 4 and is stirred evenly, while the slag is discharged from the slag outlet 33 and transported to the press 7 by the screw conveyor 11.

[0059] The first slurry tank 4 is connected to the slag remover 5. The slag remover 5 is used to further separate the slurry and slag to reduce the particle size of the slurry. The slag remover 5 is usually set as a centrifugal slag remover, which can effectively separate the slurry and slag by taking advantage of the different centrifugal forces they are subjected to, resulting in good separation effect.

[0060] To prevent slag from entering the second slurry tank 6 along with the slurry and causing pipeline blockage, the slurry outlet of the slag remover 5 is equipped with a second filter screen for filtering the slurry. The slurry that passes through the second filter screen enters the second slurry tank 6 for uniform mixing, while the slag is conveyed to the press 7 by the screw conveyor 11.

[0061] The press 7 is used to press the slag produced by the pulper 3 and the slag further separated by the slag remover 5 to obtain pulp and improve the pulp extraction rate. It should be noted that the particle size of the pulp output by the press 7 must be equal to or smaller than the particle size of the pulp conveyed by the slag remover 5.

[0062] For example, when the particle size of the slurry delivered by the slag remover 5 to the second slurry tank 6 is less than or equal to 3 mm, the particle size of the slurry output by the press 7 to the second slurry tank 6 should also be less than or equal to 3 mm, so as to prevent slag of excessive size from entering the second slurry tank 6 and eventually entering the downstream equipment.

[0063] The press 7 is mostly set as a piston press, and its specific model is determined according to the actual production needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] The second slurry tank 6 is connected to the grit chamber 8, which is used to filter and settle the slurry to prevent large particles of sand and gravel from entering and clogging the downstream equipment. The type and model of the grit chamber 8 are determined according to the actual production needs and with reference to existing technologies, and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] It should be noted that the particle size of the slag separated by the grit chamber 8 is necessarily smaller than the sieve hole diameter of the second filter screen, which is smaller than the preset particle size of the slurry. Therefore, the slag formed by the press 7 and the slag separated by the grit chamber 8 are directly discharged through the screw conveyor 11, etc., and do not enter the press 7 for secondary pressing.

[0066] In this embodiment, the kitchen waste is sheared and crushed using a twin-shaft crusher 2, and then pulped. This helps to reduce the amount of residue generated during pulping and improves the pulp extraction rate.

[0067] The pulp is filtered twice using a pulper 3 and a slag remover 5, which helps to reduce the particle size of the pulp and alleviate the clogging problem of downstream equipment. At the same time, the slag produced by pulping and slag removal is pressed by a press 7 to form pulp. By utilizing the slag, the amount of slag is reduced and the pulp extraction rate is improved.

[0068] The filtration precision of the first and second filters is determined according to the actual production needs. The filtration precision of the second filter determines the particle size of the slurry after pretreatment. Therefore, the filtration precision of the second filter should be equal to the preset particle size of the slurry.

[0069] In one specific embodiment, the first filter screen has a filtration accuracy of 8 mm, thereby conveying slurry with a diameter of 8 mm or less to the first slurry tank 4; the second filter screen has a filtration accuracy of 3 mm, thereby conveying slurry with a diameter of 3 mm or less to the second slurry tank 6.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, in order to facilitate the temporary storage of pre-treated slurry, a third slurry tank 9 can also be provided for connection with the back-end equipment. The slurry inlet of the third slurry tank 9 is connected to the slurry outlet of the grit chamber 8, and the slurry outlet of the third slurry tank 9 is connected to the feed inlet of the back-end equipment.

[0071] The third slurry tank 9 is used to temporarily store the pre-treated slurry. Its volume is determined based on the processing capacity of the pre-treatment device and the slurry extraction rate in actual production. Assuming that the daily amount of kitchen waste fed into the pre-treatment device is a and the slurry extraction amount is b, the volume of the third slurry tank 9 usually needs to be greater than or equal to ab so that the pre-treated slurry can be temporarily stored when the downstream equipment fails or is shut down for maintenance.

[0072] Meanwhile, the installation of the third slurry tank 9 also facilitates the layout of the pretreatment device and back-end equipment in different workshops and plants.

[0073] Considering that the pulp concentration in pulper 3 is too high and it is inconvenient to transport, it is usually necessary to add tap water or other water sources to dilute the pulp. However, using tap water to dilute the pulp requires additional water resources.

[0074] To save water resources and reduce pretreatment costs, preferably, a slurry conditioning pipeline can be set between the third slurry tank 9 and the pulping machine 3. The slurry conditioning pipeline is equipped with a slurry conditioning pump, which is used to adjust the flow rate of slurry from the third slurry tank 9 into the pulping machine 3.

[0075] Therefore, the slurry produced by the pulper 3 can be diluted by introducing the slurry from the third slurry tank 9, thereby adjusting the concentration of the slurry entering the first slurry tank 4. Compared with adding tap water or other water sources, this method is lower in cost and more environmentally friendly.

[0076] Of course, a slurry adjustment pipeline can also be installed between the sand setter 8 and the third slurry tank 9 to reduce the slurry concentration in the sand setter 8, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, a drain tank 10 can also be provided. The drain tank 10 is connected to the drain outlet of the feed hopper 1. The drain tank 10 is used to temporarily store the water drained from the kitchen waste, so as to facilitate the reuse of the drain water.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 1A drainage pipe is provided between the drainage tank 10 and the first slurry tank 4. The drainage pipe is equipped with a drainage pump. The drainage pump is used to regulate the flow rate of the drainage water in the drainage tank 10 into the first slurry tank 4, thereby diluting the slurry in the first slurry tank 4.

[0079] It should be noted that since both the drainage pipe and the slurry mixing pipe are used to adjust the slurry concentration at the front end of the pretreatment device, only one of them needs to be installed.

[0080] In addition to the aforementioned food waste pretreatment device, the present invention also provides a pretreatment method including the food waste pretreatment device disclosed in the above embodiments, comprising:

[0081] Step S1: Drain the water from the kitchen waste and use the twin-shaft crusher 2 to shear and crush the kitchen waste;

[0082] Step S2: The crushed kitchen waste is pulped using a pulper 3. The pulp that passes through the first filter screen is transported to the first pulp tank 4, and the residue produced by pulping is transported to the press 7 for pressing.

[0083] Step S3: Mix the slurry in the first slurry tank 4 evenly;

[0084] Step S4: Use the slag remover 5 to separate the slurry and slag, transport the slurry that has passed through the second filter screen to the second slurry tank 6, and transport the separated slag to the press 7 for pressing;

[0085] Step S5: The slurry obtained by pressing the press 7 is conveyed to the second slurry tank 6 and the slurry in the second slurry tank 6 is mixed evenly.

[0086] Step S6: Use the sand setter 8 to perform sand settling treatment on the slurry.

[0087] It should be noted that in steps S2 and S6, feed pumps are provided between the first slurry tank 4 and the slag remover 5, and between the second slurry tank 6 and the grit chamber 8, to facilitate the rapid transport of slurry. The specific type and model of the feed pump are determined based on factors such as the cost of the slurry and the particle diameter in actual production, in order to avoid clogging of the feed pump.

[0088] Preferably, considering the emergency response to feed pump failure, at least two feed pumps are usually set up, one as the working pump and the other as the emergency pump. Moreover, the working pump and the emergency pump are usually of the same type and model to facilitate the maintenance of the feed pump.

[0089] It should be noted that steps S3 and S5 are provided with a slurry tank agitator for stirring to mix the slurry evenly. The slurry tank agitator is preferably located in the center of the slurry tank.

[0090] The specific type and model of the slurry tank mixer are determined based on the actual size of the slurry tank and the particle diameter of the slurry in production, so as to uniformly mix the slurry in the tank.

[0091] It should be noted that the first slurry tank 4, the second slurry tank 6, and the third slurry tank 9 in this application document, as well as the first, second, and third filters in the first and second filters, are only used to distinguish different positions and do not contain any limitation on the order.

[0092] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0093] The pretreatment device and method for kitchen waste provided by this invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for kitchen waste, characterized in that, include: The feeding hopper (1) is used to temporarily store kitchen waste to be processed and to drain the water from the kitchen waste; A twin-shaft crusher (2) is used to shear and crush kitchen waste after it has been drained. The pulper (3) has its slag outlet (33) connected to the press (7), and its pulp outlet (32) is provided with a first filter screen for filtering the pulp. The first slurry tank (4) has its slurry inlet connected to the slurry outlet (32) of the pulping machine (3); The slag remover (5) has its inlet connected to the outlet of the first slurry tank (4) and its slag outlet connected to the press (7). Its outlet is equipped with a second filter screen for filtering the slurry. The diameter of the screen hole of the second filter screen is smaller than that of the screen hole of the first filter screen. The second slurry tank (6) has its slurry inlet connected to the slurry outlet of the slag remover (5); The press (7) is used to press the slag from the pulper (3) and the slag remover (5) to produce pulp. Its outlet is connected to the inlet of the second pulp tank (6). The particle size of the pulp output by the press (7) is equal to or smaller than the particle size of the pulp output by the slag remover (5). The grit chamber (8) is used for filtering and settling slurry. Screw conveyors (11) are provided between the feed hopper (1) and the twin-shaft crusher (2), between the pulper (3) and the press (7), and between the slag remover (5) and the press (7). It also includes a drain pool (10), which is connected to the drain outlet of the feed hopper (1) and is used to temporarily store the water drained from the kitchen waste; A drainage pipeline is provided between the drainage pool (10) and the first slurry pool (4), and the drainage pipeline is equipped with a drainage pump. The drainage pump is used to adjust the flow rate of the drainage water in the drainage pool (10) into the first slurry pool (4).

2. The food waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter screen has a filtration accuracy of 8 mm so as to transport slurry with a diameter of less than or equal to 8 mm into the first slurry tank (4).

3. The food waste pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second filter screen has a filtration accuracy of 3 mm, so as to transport slurry with a diameter of 3 mm or less to the second slurry tank (6).

4. The food waste pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a third slurry tank (9) for connection to the back-end equipment, the slurry inlet of the third slurry tank (9) being connected to the slurry outlet of the grit chamber (8), and the slurry outlet of the third slurry tank (9) being connected to the slurry inlet of the back-end equipment.

5. The food waste pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A slurry conditioning pipeline is provided between the third slurry tank (9) and the pulping machine (3). The slurry conditioning pipeline is equipped with a slurry conditioning pump, which is used to adjust the flow rate of slurry from the third slurry tank (9) into the pulping machine (3).

6. A pretreatment method for use in the food waste pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Remove the moisture from the kitchen waste and use a twin-shaft crusher (2) to shear and crush the kitchen waste; The crushed kitchen waste is pulped using a pulper (3), the pulp passing through the first filter screen is transported to the first pulp tank (4), and the residue generated from pulping is transported to the press (7) for pressing; The slurry in the first slurry tank (4) is mixed evenly; The slurry and slag are separated by a slag remover (5). The slurry that passes through the second filter screen is transported to the second slurry tank (6), and the separated slag is transported to the press (7) for pressing. The slurry obtained by pressing the press (7) is transported to the second slurry tank (6) and the slurry in the second slurry tank (6) is mixed evenly; The slurry is treated by using a sand setter (8).

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