Spot size control method and device of laser etching machine, laser etching machine and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of laser etching machine, and discloses a spot size control method and device for a laser etching machine, the laser etching machine and a storage medium, the method comprising: performing power ratio processing on optical parameters of a laser chip of the laser etching machine to obtain a light transmission efficiency value of the laser etching machine; determining a spot size normalization curve of the laser etching machine based on the optical parameters and the light transmission efficiency value; and performing constraint on the spot size normalization curve to determine a corresponding spot size of the laser etching machine. Since the optical parameters and the light transmission efficiency value of the laser chip of the laser etching machine are processed, the spot size normalization curve of the laser etching machine can be determined; finally, the spot size normalization curve is balanced by constraint, and the appropriate spot size of the laser etching machine can be determined, thereby avoiding the situation that the geometric efficiency of the light path is reduced as the spot size of the laser etching machine decreases, and through the appropriate spot size, a laser etching machine with high efficiency and high energy density can be designed, so that the product has good energy utilization rate and energy density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser engraving machine technology, and in particular to a method, device, laser engraving machine, and storage medium for controlling the spot size of a laser engraving machine. Background Technology

[0002] A laser engraving machine is a device that uses laser technology for engraving. Specifically, the laser in a laser engraving machine generates a strong laser beam. By controlling the output power of the laser, the energy output of the laser engraving machine can be precisely controlled. The light emitted by the laser passes through a light-collecting lens and is imaged to form a light spot size, thereby enabling engraving on different materials.

[0003] In practical design, laser engraving machines have two design objectives: higher efficiency and higher energy density. For home-use laser engraving machines, the engraving distance is typically between 10-20cm. Furthermore, the size of the laser chip is known. To reduce the spot size, the length between the chip and the focusing lens needs to be increased. Therefore, for a chip with a fixed divergence angle, the diameter of the focusing lens needs to be increased. However, the diameter of the focusing lens is limited by structural and cost constraints in actual products. Thus, as the spot size decreases, the geometric efficiency of the optical path decreases. Traditional laser engraving machines struggle to find a suitable spot size that allows the product to achieve both good energy utilization and energy density.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method, device, laser engraving machine, and storage medium for controlling the spot size of a laser engraving machine, aiming to solve the technical problem that traditional laser engraving machines have difficulty finding a suitable spot size, so that the product can achieve both good energy utilization and energy density.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for controlling the spot size of a laser engraving machine, the method comprising the following steps: The optical parameters of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine are processed by power ratio to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine; Based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values, the normalization curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size is determined; Constrain the normalization curve of the laser spot size to determine the laser spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine.

[0007] Optionally, the optical parameters of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine are processed by power ratio to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine, including: Obtain the optical parameters of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine; Formula for determining the spot radius of the laser engraving machine's light-collecting position based on optical parameters; The light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine is obtained by performing an efficiency transformation on the formula for the power ratio of a Gaussian beam passing through a circular aperture and the formula for the beam spot radius. The light transmission efficiency value K is: ; Where d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, D is the lens aperture of the laser engraving machine, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine.

[0008] Optionally, the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine are obtained, including: Obtain the chip size, divergence angle, object distance parameters, and image distance parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine; Accordingly, based on optical parameters, the formula for determining the spot radius at the laser engraving machine's light-collecting position includes: By transforming the chip size, divergence angle, object distance, and image distance parameters, the formula for the spot radius at the laser engraving machine's light-receiving position is obtained. The spot radius formula is as follows: ; Wherein, d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine.

[0009] Optionally, the spot size normalization curve includes a spot size-energy density curve and a spot size-efficiency curve. Based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values, the spot size normalization curve of the laser engraving machine is determined, including: The laser engraving machine's spot energy density is determined based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values; The laser spot energy density is normalized to obtain the laser engraving machine's spot size-energy density curve and spot size-efficiency curve. Accordingly, the normalization curve of the laser spot size is constrained to determine the laser spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine, including: By setting preset constraint ranges to constrain the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve, the corresponding spot size for the laser engraving machine is determined.

[0010] Optionally, before determining the laser engraving machine's spot energy density based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values, the following steps are also included: Obtain the aspect ratio of the laser chip; Determine the laser engraving machine's spot area based on the aspect ratio; Accordingly, based on optical parameters and light transmittance values, the laser engraving machine's spot energy density is determined, including: The laser engraving machine's spot energy density is obtained by calculating the optical parameters, light transmittance, and spot area. The spot energy density E is: ; Where Q is the total energy of the laser chip, and k1 is the aspect ratio of the laser chip.

[0011] Optionally, the formula corresponding to the spot size-energy density curve is: ; in, This is the spot size-energy density curve, where E is the spot energy density. max For the maximum spot energy density, E min This represents the minimum spot energy density.

[0012] Optionally, the preset constraint range is: ; in, This is the light spot size-energy density curve, where K is the light transmission efficiency value.

[0013] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes a laser engraving machine spot size control device, the device comprising: The power ratio processing module is used to process the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine. The normalization curve module is used to determine the normalization curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values; The curve constraint module is used to constrain the normalization curve of the laser spot size to determine the laser spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine.

[0014] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes a laser engraving machine, which includes: a memory, a processor, and a laser engraving machine spot size control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The laser engraving machine spot size control program is configured to implement the steps of the laser engraving machine spot size control method described above.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes a storage medium storing a laser engraving machine spot size control program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the laser engraving machine spot size control method described above.

[0016] This invention first processes the optical parameters of the laser chip in a laser engraving machine using a power ratio method to obtain the light transmission efficiency value. Then, based on the optical parameters and light transmission efficiency value, a normalized curve for the laser engraving machine's spot size is determined. Finally, the normalized curve is constrained to determine the corresponding spot size for the laser engraving machine. Because this invention processes the optical parameters and light transmission efficiency value of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine, it can determine the normalized curve for the laser engraving machine's spot size. Finally, by constraining and balancing the normalized curve, a suitable spot size for the laser engraving machine can be determined. This avoids the situation where the geometric efficiency of the optical path decreases as the spot size decreases. By using a suitable spot size, a high-efficiency, high-energy-density laser engraving machine can be designed, allowing products to achieve both good energy utilization and energy density. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser engraving machine in the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the laser engraving machine in the first embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve in the second embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control device of the present invention.

[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser engraving machine in the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the laser engraving machine may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen and an input unit such as a keyboard; optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) interface). The memory 1005 may be high-speed random access memory (RAM) or stable non-volatile memory (NVM), such as a disk storage device. Optionally, the memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the laser engraving machine and may include more or fewer parts than shown, or combine certain parts, or have different arrangements of parts.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the memory 1005, which serves as a storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a laser engraving machine spot size control program.

[0024] exist Figure 1 In the laser engraving machine shown, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with the network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with the user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 of the laser engraving machine of the present invention can be set in the laser engraving machine. The laser engraving machine calls the laser engraving machine spot size control program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and executes the laser engraving machine spot size control method provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides a method for controlling the spot size of a laser engraving machine, referring to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention.

[0026] The principle of laser engraving machines can be found in [reference]. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the laser engraving machine in the first embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention. Figure 3As shown, the light emitted by the laser-emitting chip of the laser engraving machine passes through a lens and forms an image. Where d1 and d2 are the chip size and the image spot size, respectively, l1 and l2 are the object distance and image distance, and D is the lens diameter. From the object-image relationship, we can obtain: d2 / d1 = l2 / l1; In actual design, the design objectives of a laser engraving machine are twofold: (1) the higher the efficiency, the better; and (2) the higher the energy density, the better. As can be seen from the above, the engraving distance l2 of the laser engraving machine is known, and for household laser engraving machines, this distance is between 10-20cm. In addition, the chip size is also known. In order to compress the spot size, the length of l1 needs to be increased. Therefore, for chips with a fixed divergence angle, the diameter D of the corresponding light-receiving lens needs to be increased. However, D is subject to structural and cost constraints in actual products. Therefore, as the spot size decreases, the geometric efficiency of the optical path will decrease. In order to solve the above problems, this invention proposes a laser engraving machine spot size control method, so as to design a high-efficiency, high-energy-density laser engraving machine with a suitable spot size, so that the product can achieve both good energy utilization and energy density.

[0027] In this embodiment, the method for controlling the spot size of the laser engraving machine includes the following steps: Step S10: Perform power ratio processing on the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine.

[0028] It should be noted that the execution subject of the method in this embodiment can be a computing service device with power ratio processing and curve constraint functions, such as a personal computer, server, laser engraving machine, etc., or other electronic devices capable of achieving the same or similar functions, such as the aforementioned laser engraving machine. This embodiment does not limit this. Here, the control device of the aforementioned laser engraving machine (hereinafter referred to as the control device) will be used to specifically describe this embodiment and the following embodiments.

[0029] Understandably, a laser engraving machine is a device that uses laser technology to perform engraving, cutting, marking, and other processing techniques. A laser chip is a miniature chip that integrates laser functionality and can directly output a laser beam. Through the high-energy focus of the laser beam from the laser chip, the laser engraving machine can perform precision processing on various materials, such as metals, plastics, wood, and glass.

[0030] It should be understood that optical parameters are parameters in the optical structure of a laser engraving machine, such as the chip size, divergence angle, lens aperture, and object distance of the laser chip. The specific optical parameters may vary between different models of laser engraving machines, and the specific selection should be based on actual needs. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0031] Understandably, the light transmission efficiency value is the efficiency of the laser beam of the laser chip passing through the circular aperture of the lens. This efficiency can be calculated from the power ratio of the Gaussian beam passing through the circular aperture.

[0032] In practice, the control equipment can process the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine by power ratio, such as the chip size, divergence angle, lens aperture, object distance, etc. The light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine is obtained by calculating the power ratio of the Gaussian beam passing through the circular aperture.

[0033] Step S20: Based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values, determine the normalization curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size.

[0034] It should be noted that the normalized spot size curve is a curve showing the changes in laser beam energy density and energy efficiency with respect to spot size during processing. In laser processing, the spot size has a significant impact on processing quality and efficiency. The normalized spot size curve reflects the changes in the energy density and light transmission efficiency of the laser beam under different spot sizes. Based on the normalized spot size curve, the pattern of spot size variation can be quickly determined, thereby optimizing processing parameters and improving processing efficiency and quality.

[0035] Step S30: Constrain the normalization curve of the laser spot size to determine the laser spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine.

[0036] It should be noted that since the normalized curve of the light spot size includes curves showing the change of light spot energy density with light spot size and the change of energy efficiency with light spot size, the light spot size can be constrained in order to achieve a balance between these two parameters so that the optical path can achieve better energy density and light transmission efficiency values.

[0037] In practical implementation, the control equipment can determine the normalized curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values. The normalized spot size curve reflects the changes in energy density and light transmission efficiency of the laser beam under different spot sizes. Based on this curve, the pattern of spot size variation can be quickly determined, thereby optimizing processing parameters and improving processing efficiency and quality. Since the normalized spot size curve includes curves showing changes in spot energy density and energy efficiency with spot size, the spot size can be constrained to achieve a balance between these two parameters, thus determining the appropriate spot size for the laser engraving machine and ensuring the optical path achieves optimal energy density and light transmission efficiency values.

[0038] In this embodiment, the control device can perform power ratio processing on the optical parameters of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine, such as chip size, divergence angle, lens aperture, and object distance. The light transmission efficiency of the laser engraving machine is calculated from the power ratio of a Gaussian beam passing through a circular aperture. Then, based on the optical parameters and light transmission efficiency, the normalized spot size curve of the laser engraving machine can be determined. The normalized spot size curve reflects the changes in energy density and light transmission efficiency of the optical path under different spot sizes. Based on the normalized spot size curve, the pattern of spot size variation can be quickly determined, thereby optimizing processing parameters and improving processing efficiency and quality. Since the normalized spot size curve includes curves showing changes in spot energy density and energy efficiency with spot size, the spot size can be constrained to achieve a balance between these two parameters, thus determining the appropriate spot size for the laser engraving machine so that the optical path achieves a better energy density and light transmission efficiency. Because this embodiment processes the optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values ​​of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine, the normalization curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size can be determined. Finally, by constraining and balancing the normalization curve of the spot size, a suitable spot size for the laser engraving machine can be determined, avoiding the situation where the geometric efficiency of the optical path decreases as the spot size of the laser engraving machine decreases. With a suitable spot size, a high-efficiency, high-energy-density laser engraving machine can be designed, so that the product achieves both good energy utilization and energy density.

[0039] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention.

[0040] Based on the first embodiment described above, in this embodiment, step S10 includes: Step S11: Obtain the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine.

[0041] It should be noted that optical parameters are parameters in the optical structure of the laser engraving machine, such as the chip size, divergence angle, lens aperture, and object distance of the laser chip. The specific optical parameters may vary between different models of laser engraving machines. The specific selection should be based on actual needs. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0042] Step S12: Determine the formula for the spot radius of the laser engraving machine's light-collecting position based on optical parameters.

[0043] It should be noted that the spot radius formula is determined based on parameters such as the chip size, divergence angle, lens aperture, and object distance of the laser chip mentioned above.

[0044] Further, in this embodiment, step S11 includes: obtaining the chip size, divergence angle, object distance parameter, and image distance parameter of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine; correspondingly, step S12 includes: transforming the chip size, divergence angle, object distance parameter, and image distance parameter to obtain the formula for the light spot radius at the laser engraving machine's light receiving position, wherein the light spot radius formula is: ; Wherein, d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine.

[0045] It's important to note that the divergence angle is the angle at which the laser beam diverges when emitted by the laser chip. A smaller divergence angle indicates a more concentrated and focused laser beam, resulting in a more focused spot; conversely, a larger divergence angle indicates a wider beam dispersion range and a larger spot area. For example, in laser cutting and engraving, a small divergence angle ensures a high degree of focus of the beam on the processed surface, thereby achieving higher processing accuracy and quality.

[0046] In actual implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, assuming the chip size is d1 (known), the divergence angle is θ, the lens aperture is D, and the object distance and image distance parameters are l1 and l2 (known), and the spot size is d2 (independent variable), then we have: ; The formula for the beam radius at the corresponding light-receiving position is: ; Step S13: The efficiency transformation of the spot radius formula is performed using the power ratio formula for a Gaussian beam passing through a circular aperture to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine. The light transmission efficiency value K is: ; Where d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, D is the lens aperture of the laser engraving machine, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine.

[0047] It should be noted that the power ratio formula for a Gaussian beam passing through a circular aperture describes the proportion of power loss in the beam after it passes through the aperture. In optics, a Gaussian beam is a special type of beam whose intensity distribution follows a Gaussian pattern along its cross-section. When a Gaussian beam passes through a circular aperture (which can also be understood as the beam passing through a circular stop or aperture), due to the aperture's limitation, part of the beam will be cut off or scattered, resulting in power loss. The power ratio formula can be used to calculate the ratio between the remaining power of the laser beam after passing through the lens aperture in this embodiment and the original power, i.e., how much power is lost, thus obtaining the transmission efficiency value.

[0048] Laser engraving machines typically use solid-state lasers as their light source, and their lateral light intensity distribution satisfies the following: ; Assuming a Gaussian beam encounters a circular aperture during its propagation, the power ratio of the beam passing through the aperture is: ; Where a = radius of the hole The beam waist radius is the beam diameter at the point where the light intensity drops to 1 / e² of the central light intensity.

[0049] In practical implementation, the power ratio of the Gaussian beam passing through the circular aperture, as described above, can be used to obtain the light transmission efficiency value K as follows: ; Furthermore, the normalized spot size curve includes a spot size-energy density curve and a spot size-efficiency curve. In this embodiment, step S20 includes: determining the spot energy density of the laser engraving machine based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values; normalizing the spot energy density to obtain the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve of the laser engraving machine; correspondingly, step S30 includes: constraining the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve by a preset constraint range to determine the spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine.

[0050] It should be noted that the energy density of a light spot is the energy carried by the light spot per unit area, which can be used to describe the energy distribution of a light beam in space.

[0051] Understandably, the spot size-energy density curve describes the relationship between the size of the laser spot in space and its energy density, showing how the spot size changes with the energy density. The spot size-efficiency curve describes the relationship between the light transmission efficiency (efficiency) of the laser chip and the spot size, showing how the efficiency of the laser chip changes under different spot sizes. Based on the normalized spot size curve, the pattern of spot size variation can be quickly determined, thereby optimizing processing parameters and improving processing efficiency and quality.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, before determining the laser engraving machine's spot energy density based on optical parameters and light transmittance values, the method further includes: obtaining the aspect ratio of the laser chip; determining the laser engraving machine's spot area based on the aspect ratio; correspondingly, determining the laser engraving machine's spot energy density based on optical parameters and light transmittance values ​​includes: performing density calculations on the optical parameters, light transmittance values, and spot area to obtain the laser engraving machine's spot energy density, wherein the spot energy density E is: ; Where Q is the total energy of the laser chip, and k1 is the aspect ratio of the laser chip.

[0053] In practical implementation, laser chips are generally longitudinal, with d1 being the length. Let the aspect ratio be k1, then the spot area S is: ; If the total energy of the laser chip is Q, then the spot energy density E is: ; Furthermore, in this embodiment, the formula corresponding to the spot size-energy density curve is: ; in, This is the spot size-energy density curve, where E is the spot energy density. max For the maximum spot energy density, E min This represents the minimum spot energy density.

[0054] In practical implementation, let the range of d2 be [m, n], with units of mm. Within this interval, there exists E. max To E min Normalizing E, we have: ; Thus, two normalized spot size curves were established, where K increases with increasing d2, and E... normalized Typically, the value decreases as d2 increases. To achieve a balance between these two parameters, further constraints can be imposed. In this embodiment, the preset constraint range is: ; in, This is the light spot size-energy density curve, where K is the light transmission efficiency value.

[0055] For ease of understanding, a 7W LD is used as an example for illustration, but this is not intended to limit the scope of this embodiment. See also: Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve in the second embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control method of the present invention. Assuming the chip length d1 = 0.06, the aspect ratio is 24.2, the divergence angle is 23.5°, and the engraving distance is 110mm, the spot size control method of the laser engraving machine described in this embodiment can be used to calculate the following: Figure 5 The two curves shown represent the light spot size d2 on the horizontal axis, the light spot energy density on the left vertical axis, and the efficiency on the right. It can be seen that when the light spot size is 200 micrometers, the optical path can achieve a better energy density and efficiency.

[0056] This embodiment processes the optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values ​​of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine to determine the normalized curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size. Finally, by constraining and balancing the normalized curve of the spot size, a suitable spot size for the laser engraving machine can be determined, avoiding the situation where the geometric efficiency of the optical path decreases as the spot size decreases. With a suitable spot size, a high-efficiency, high-energy-density laser engraving machine can be designed, enabling the product to achieve both good energy utilization and energy density.

[0057] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention also proposes a storage medium storing a laser engraving machine spot size control program. When the laser engraving machine spot size control program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the laser engraving machine spot size control method described above.

[0058] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control device of the present invention.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, the laser engraving machine spot size control device proposed in this embodiment of the invention includes: The power ratio processing module 601 is used to process the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine. The normalization curve module 602 is used to determine the normalization curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values; The curve constraint module 603 is used to constrain the normalization curve of the spot size to determine the spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine.

[0060] In this embodiment, the control device can perform power ratio processing on the optical parameters of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine, such as chip size, divergence angle, lens aperture, and object distance. The light transmission efficiency of the laser engraving machine is calculated from the power ratio of a Gaussian beam passing through a circular aperture. Then, based on the optical parameters and light transmission efficiency, the normalized spot size curve of the laser engraving machine can be determined. The normalized spot size curve reflects the changes in energy density and efficiency of the optical path under different spot sizes. Based on the normalized spot size curve, the pattern of spot size variation can be quickly determined, thereby optimizing processing parameters and improving processing efficiency and quality. Since the normalized spot size curve includes curves showing changes in spot energy density and energy efficiency with spot size, the spot size can be constrained to achieve a balance between these two parameters, thus determining the appropriate spot size for the laser engraving machine to ensure the optical path achieves a better balance of energy density and efficiency. Because this embodiment processes the optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values ​​of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine, the normalization curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size can be determined. Finally, by constraining and balancing the normalization curve of the spot size, a suitable spot size for the laser engraving machine can be determined, avoiding the situation where the geometric efficiency of the optical path decreases as the spot size of the laser engraving machine decreases. With a suitable spot size, a high-efficiency, high-energy-density laser engraving machine can be designed, so that the product achieves both good energy utilization and energy density.

[0061] Based on the first embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control device of the present invention, a second embodiment of the laser engraving machine spot size control device of the present invention is proposed.

[0062] In this embodiment, the power ratio processing module 601 is also used to acquire the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine; based on the optical parameters, determine the formula for the spot radius of the laser engraving machine's light-receiving position; and perform efficiency transformation on the spot radius formula using the power ratio formula for a Gaussian beam passing through a circular aperture to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine, wherein the light transmission efficiency value K is: ; Where d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, D is the lens aperture of the laser engraving machine, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine.

[0063] Furthermore, the power ratio processing module 601 is also used to obtain the chip size, divergence angle, object distance parameter, and image distance parameter of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine; accordingly, it transforms the chip size, divergence angle, object distance parameter, and image distance parameter to obtain the formula for the spot radius at the laser engraving machine's light-receiving position, wherein the spot radius formula is: ; Wherein, d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine.

[0064] Furthermore, the normalization curve of the spot size includes the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve. The normalization curve module 602 is also used to determine the spot energy density of the laser engraving machine based on optical parameters and light transmission efficiency values; and to normalize the spot energy density to obtain the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve of the laser engraving machine. Correspondingly, the curve constraint module 603 is also used to constrain the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve by a preset constraint range, so as to determine the spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine.

[0065] Furthermore, the normalized curve module 602 is also used to obtain the aspect ratio of the laser chip; based on the aspect ratio, the spot area of ​​the laser engraving machine is determined. Accordingly, the optical parameters, light transmittance value, and spot area are calculated to obtain the spot energy density of the laser engraving machine, wherein the spot energy density E is: ; Where Q is the total energy of the laser chip, and k1 is the aspect ratio of the laser chip.

[0066] Furthermore, the formula corresponding to the spot size-energy density curve is: ; in, This is the spot size-energy density curve, where E is the spot energy density. max For the maximum spot energy density, E min This represents the minimum spot energy density.

[0067] Furthermore, the preset constraint range is: ; in, This is the light spot size-energy density curve, where K is the light transmission efficiency value.

[0068] Other embodiments or specific implementations of the laser engraving machine spot size control device of the present invention can be referred to the above-described method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0070] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0071] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as read-only memory / random access memory, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the spot size of a laser engraving machine, characterized in that, The method for controlling the spot size of the laser engraving machine includes: The optical parameters of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine are processed by power ratio to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine. Based on the optical parameters and the light transmission efficiency value, the normalized curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size is determined; The laser engraving machine's corresponding laser spot size is determined by constraining the normalized curve of the laser spot size. The process of processing the optical parameters of the laser chip in the laser engraving machine to obtain the light transmittance value of the laser engraving machine includes: Obtain the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine; Based on the aforementioned optical parameters, a formula is used to determine the spot radius at the laser engraving machine's light-collecting position. The light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine is obtained by applying an efficiency transformation to the spot radius formula using the power ratio formula for a Gaussian beam passing through a circular aperture. The light transmission efficiency value K is: ； Where d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, D is the lens aperture of the laser engraving machine, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine. The normalized spot size curve includes a spot size-energy density curve and a spot size-efficiency curve. Determining the normalized spot size curve of the laser engraving machine based on the optical parameters and the light transmittance value includes: Based on the optical parameters and the light transmittance value, the spot energy density of the laser engraving machine is determined; The laser energy density is normalized to obtain the laser engraving machine's laser size-energy density curve and laser size-efficiency curve; Accordingly, constraining the normalization curve of the laser spot size to determine the laser engraving machine's corresponding laser spot size includes: The laser engraving machine's corresponding spot size is determined by constraining the spot size-energy density curve and the spot size-efficiency curve within a preset constraint range. Before determining the laser engraving machine's spot energy density based on the optical parameters and the light transmittance value, the method further includes: Obtain the aspect ratio of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine; The laser engraving machine spot area is determined based on the aspect ratio. Accordingly, determining the laser engraving machine's spot energy density based on the optical parameters and the light transmittance value includes: The optical parameters, the light transmittance value, and the spot area are used to calculate the spot energy density of the laser engraving machine. The spot energy density E is: ； Where Q is the total energy of the laser chip, and k1 is the aspect ratio of the laser chip; The formula corresponding to the spot size-energy density curve is: ； in, Let E be the spot size-energy density curve, and E be the spot energy density. max For the maximum spot energy density, E min This represents the minimum spot energy density.

2. The laser engraving machine spot size control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine includes: Obtain the chip size, divergence angle, object distance parameters, and image distance parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine; Accordingly, the formula for determining the spot radius of the laser engraving machine's light-receiving position based on the optical parameters includes: By transforming the chip size, the divergence angle, the object distance parameter, and the image distance parameter, the formula for the spot radius at the laser engraving machine's light-receiving position is obtained. The spot radius formula is: ； Wherein, d1 is the chip size of the laser chip, d2 is the spot size, l2 is the image distance parameter of the laser engraving machine, and θ is the divergence angle of the laser engraving machine.

3. The laser engraving machine spot size control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preset constraint range is: ； in, The light spot size-energy density curve is given, and K is the light transmission efficiency value.

4. A laser engraving machine spot size control device, characterized in that, The device performs the laser engraving machine spot size control method as described in claim 1, the device comprising: The power ratio processing module is used to process the optical parameters of the laser chip of the laser engraving machine to obtain the light transmission efficiency value of the laser engraving machine. The normalization curve module is used to determine the normalization curve of the laser engraving machine's spot size based on the optical parameters and the light transmittance value; The curve constraint module is used to constrain the normalized curve of the laser spot size to determine the laser spot size corresponding to the laser engraving machine.

5. A laser engraving machine, characterized in that, The laser engraving machine includes: a memory, a processor, and a laser engraving machine spot size control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the laser engraving machine spot size control program being configured to implement the steps of the laser engraving machine spot size control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a laser engraving machine spot size control program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the laser engraving machine spot size control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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