An adjustable high-speed pulsed downhole jet device and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of oil drilling, and discloses a kind of adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device and its using method, wherein, the device includes drill rod, and one end of the drill rod is fixedly provided with drill bit, and the drill rod is fixedly provided with telescopic nozzle;Telescopic nozzle includes protective shell, and one end of the protective shell is fixedly connected with the surface of drill rod, and the drill rod is provided with fixed sleeve, and the protective shell is sleeved on the outside of fixed sleeve;The outer surface of fixed sleeve is slidably connected with sliding sleeve;Driving assembly is arranged in accommodating cavity, and the driving assembly is used to drive sliding sleeve to move axially along fixed sleeve;The protective shell is provided with scraping ring at the end away from the drill rod, and the scraping ring is in contact with the sliding sleeve.This application sets scraping ring on the protective shell, when the sliding sleeve is retracted into the protective shell, the scraping ring scrapes off the mud on the surface of sliding sleeve, and after the sliding sleeve is retracted into the protective shell, the scraping ring plays a sealing protection role, to prevent the extended nozzle from being unable to be retracted under the action of mud pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil drilling technology, and specifically relates to an adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Downhole jetting devices are used when reservoir permeability is low and it is necessary to improve reservoir permeability. After pressurizing the medium such as mud, foam fluid, or gas through a mud pump, the liquid penetrates the casing and cement sheath, opens the reservoir, establishes communication between the formation and the wellbore, and allows fluid to enter the wellbore, thereby enabling normal production of oil and gas wells and increasing oil and gas production. The pump pressure is adjusted by the mud pump, which in turn regulates the pulse frequency and pressure.

[0003] Patent CN106321032A discloses a downhole particle jet perforation device, including a particle injection tank, a perforation connector, a retractable perforation nozzle, a fixed perforation nozzle, and a lead drill bit. High-pressure mud and particles are mixed in the particle injection tank and then reach the perforation connector. The particles are ejected at a high speed and adjustable angle from the retractable and fixed perforation nozzles, rapidly penetrating the casing, cement sheath, and formation rock. A lead drill bit is installed at the lower part of the perforation connector.

[0004] However, the above technologies often have the following drawbacks: For locations with deep perforation distances, the perforation range can be increased by using telescopic perforation nozzles. However, when the drill pipe is surrounded by mud, the extended nozzle may not be able to retract under the pressure of the mud, which may lead to damage to the nozzle when the drill pipe moves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides an adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device and its usage method, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] An adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device includes a drill rod, one end of which is fixedly provided with a drill bit, and a telescopic nozzle is fixedly provided on the drill rod;

[0007] The telescopic nozzle includes a protective shell, one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill rod. A fixing sleeve is provided on the drill rod, and the protective shell is fitted over the outside of the fixing sleeve. A receiving cavity is provided between the protective shell and the fixing sleeve.

[0008] A sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed sleeve. The sliding sleeve is located inside the receiving cavity. A spray hole is provided at the end of the sliding sleeve away from the drill rod. A driving assembly is provided inside the receiving cavity. The driving assembly is used to drive the sliding sleeve to move axially along the fixed sleeve. A scraping ring is provided at the end of the protective shell away from the drill rod. The scraping ring is in contact with the sliding sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a motor, a lead screw, and a base plate fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve;

[0010] The motor housing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drill rod, the motor shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw, and the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the end of the protective shell away from the drill rod; the lead screw passes through a threaded hole on the base plate and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed sleeve is provided with an annular limiting boss at the end away from the drill rod, and the sliding sleeve has an annular first groove, with the annular limiting boss located within the annular first groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the protective shell is provided with a first cavity at the end away from the drill rod. A main elastic block is provided in the first cavity. The main elastic block has a first gas containing cavity. A lower pressure plate is fixedly connected to the side of the main elastic block near the drill rod. The lower pressure plate is slidably connected to the first cavity. A top shaft is fixedly provided on the side of the lower pressure plate away from the main elastic block. The top shaft passes through the first cavity and is slidably connected to the first cavity.

[0013] The inner wall of the protective shell is provided with a second groove, and an elastic sealing strip is provided in the second groove. The two ends of the sealing strip are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second groove to form a second gas receiving cavity. The protective shell is also provided with a gas guide pipe, and the two ends of the gas guide pipe are respectively connected to the first gas receiving cavity and the second gas receiving cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a first sealing groove and a second sealing groove, the first sealing groove being located close to the bottom plate and the second sealing groove being located away from the bottom plate.

[0015] Furthermore, an upper pressure plate is fixedly connected to the side of the main elastic block away from the drill rod, and a connecting rope is fixedly connected to one side of the upper pressure plate. The other end of the connecting rope passes through the lower pressure plate and the first cavity in sequence and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a first spring is fitted onto the connecting rope, one end of which is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the lower pressure plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the protective shell has a groove at the end away from the drill rod, and the scraper ring is disposed in the groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve has an inner cavity on the side of the second sealing groove near the drill rod. A sliding shaft is provided in the inner cavity, with its first end slidably connected to the inner cavity. A push block is slidably connected in the second sealing groove. The second end of the sliding shaft passes through the side wall of the inner cavity and is fixedly connected to the push block. A second spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft, with one end of the second spring abutting against the first end of the sliding shaft and the other end of the second spring abutting against the side wall of the inner cavity. A slider is slidably connected inside the push block through an elastic element. Several drainage grooves are opened on the side of the second sealing groove away from the drill rod. The outer surface of the slider is rounded.

[0019] Furthermore, a second cavity is provided inside the base plate, a fixed shaft is fixedly installed inside the second cavity, a torsion spring is fixedly installed on the fixed shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to a reel, and the connecting rope passes through the second cavity and is fixedly connected to the reel.

[0020] Furthermore, an elastic membrane is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the pusher block.

[0021] Furthermore, a fixed nozzle is also fixedly installed on the drill rod.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method of using the adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device, comprising the following steps:

[0023] When the drill pipe needs to be moved, the drive assembly drives the sliding sleeve to retract into the protective shell along the fixed sleeve;

[0024] As the sliding sleeve retracts into the protective shell, the mud on the surface of the sliding sleeve is scraped off by the scraper ring.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] 1. The present invention provides a scraping ring on the protective shell. When the sliding sleeve retracts into the protective shell, the scraping ring scrapes off the mud on the surface of the sliding sleeve. At the same time, after the sliding sleeve is completely retracted into the protective shell, the scraping ring will fit against the gap surface between the protective shell and the sliding sleeve, which plays a sealing and protective role and prevents the extended nozzle from being unable to retract under the pressure of mud.

[0027] 2. This invention uses a motor to drive a lead screw to rotate forward, while the lead screw drives the base plate to slide within the protective shell. Simultaneously, the base plate drives the sliding sleeve to retract into the protective shell, allowing the extended sliding sleeve to return to the protective shell. This prevents the extended nozzle from being unable to retract under the pressure of mud. The design of two drive components allows the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve to extend and retract simultaneously, avoiding imbalance and jamming. When it is necessary to extend the sliding sleeve, the motor reverses, causing the lead screw to drive the base plate, thereby extending the sliding sleeve.

[0028] 3. In this invention, the bottom plate squeezes the top shaft, causing the top shaft to retract into the cavity. At the same time, the top shaft drives the lower pressure plate to squeeze the elastic block. Meanwhile, the gas stored in the elastic block flows into the sealing strip, causing the sealing strip to expand. This, in conjunction with the second sealing groove, further seals the sliding sleeve and the protective shell, preventing the well pressure from increasing when mud is sprayed out of the nozzle. This would prevent mud or water from entering the protective shell and affecting the normal expansion and contraction of the sliding sleeve.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A perspective view of an adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of the drill pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a telescopic nozzle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 5 It shows Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0036] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the protective shell according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0038] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating a method of using an adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Drill rod; 2. Fixed nozzle; 3. Drill bit; 4. Telescopic nozzle; 401. Protective shell; 402. Groove; 403. Second groove; 5. Scraper ring; 6. Sliding sleeve; 7. Spray hole; 8. Fixed sleeve; 9. First sealing groove; 10. Base plate; 11. Motor; 12. Connecting rope; 13. Top shaft; 14. Air guide pipe; 15. Elastic block; 16. Upper pressure plate; 17. First spring; 18. First cavity; 19. Lower pressure plate; 20. Sealing strip; 21. Drainage trough; 22. Second sealing groove; 23. Push block; 24. Sliding block; 25. Elastic membrane; 26. Sliding shaft; 27. Inner cavity; 28. Torsion spring; 29. ​​Fixed shaft; 30. Reel; 31. Second cavity; 32. Second spring; 61. First groove; 81. Limiting boss; 151. First gas receiving cavity; 201. Second gas receiving cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," "longitudinal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0042] This invention provides an adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device and its usage method, solving problems such as the inability to retract the nozzle and easy damage in existing downhole jet technologies.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, an adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device includes a drill pipe 1, with a drill bit 3 fixedly mounted at one end of the drill pipe 1. A fixed nozzle 2 and a telescopic nozzle 4 are also fixedly mounted on the drill pipe 1, both located above the drill bit 3. For example, two fixed nozzles 2 are provided, and the telescopic nozzle 4 is located between the two fixed nozzles 2.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic nozzle 4 includes a protective shell 401, one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill rod 1, as shown. Figure 3 As shown, a fixing sleeve 8 is provided on the drill rod 1. The fixing sleeve 8 penetrates the drill rod 1 radially. The protective shell 401 is sleeved on the outside of the fixing sleeve 8. There is a receiving cavity between the protective shell 401 and the fixing sleeve 8.

[0045] A sliding sleeve 6 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed sleeve 8. The sliding sleeve 6 is located inside the receiving cavity, and a spray hole 7 is provided at the end of the sliding sleeve 6 away from the drill rod 1.

[0046] A drive assembly is provided within the receiving cavity. The drive assembly is used to move the sliding sleeve 6 axially along the fixed sleeve 8. For example, the drive assembly includes a servo motor 11, a lead screw, and a base plate 10 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 6. The housing of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drill rod 1, the shaft of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw, and the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the end of the protective shell 401 away from the drill rod 1. The lead screw passes through a threaded hole on the base plate 10 and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole on the base plate 10. For example, two drive assemblies are provided, and the two drive assemblies are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed sleeve 8.

[0047] During operation, when the drill rod 1 needs to be moved, the motor 11 is turned on, causing the motor 11 to drive the lead screw to rotate forward. At the same time, the lead screw drives the base plate 10 to slide inside the protective shell 401. The base plate 10 drives the sliding sleeve 6 to retract into the protective shell 401, so that the extended sliding sleeve 6 is retracted into the protective shell 401. This avoids the situation where the extended nozzle cannot retract under the action of mud pressure. The design of two drive components allows the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve 6 to extend and retract simultaneously, avoiding imbalance and jamming. When the sliding sleeve 6 needs to be extended, the motor 11 is reversed, causing the lead screw to drive the base plate 10, which in turn drives the sliding sleeve 6 to extend.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, for example, the fixed sleeve 8 is provided with an annular limiting boss 81 at the end away from the drill rod 1, and the sliding sleeve 6 has an annular first groove 61. The annular limiting boss 81 is located in the annular first groove 61 and is used to prevent the sliding sleeve 6 from detaching from the fixed sleeve 8.

[0049] like Figure 2As shown, for example, the protective shell 401 is provided with a scraper ring 5 at the end away from the drill pipe 1. The scraper ring 5 is in contact with the sliding sleeve 6. The scraper ring 5 is made of elastic material. During operation, when the sliding sleeve 6 retracts into the protective shell 401, the scraper ring 5 scrapes off the mud on the surface of the sliding sleeve 6. At the same time, after the sliding sleeve 6 is completely retracted into the protective shell 401, the scraper ring 5 will fit against the gap surface between the protective shell 401 and the sliding sleeve 6, which plays a role in sealing and protection.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, for example, the protective shell 401 is provided with a first cavity 18 at the end away from the drill rod 1. A main elastic block 15 is provided in the first cavity 18. The main elastic block 15 has a first gas containing cavity 151. A lower pressure plate 19 is fixedly connected to the side of the main elastic block 15 near the drill rod 1. The lower pressure plate 19 is slidably connected to the first cavity 18. A top shaft 13 is fixedly provided on the side of the lower pressure plate 19 away from the main elastic block 15. The top shaft 13 passes through the first cavity 18 and is slidably connected to the first cavity 18.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the protective shell 401 is provided with a second groove 403, which is located below the first cavity 18. An elastic sealing strip 20 is provided in the second groove 403. The two ends of the sealing strip 20 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second groove 403 to form a second gas receiving cavity 201. A gas guide pipe 14 is also provided in the protective shell 401. The two ends of the gas guide pipe 14 are respectively connected to the first gas receiving cavity 151 and the second gas receiving cavity 201. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 6 is provided with a first sealing groove 9 and a second sealing groove 22. The first sealing groove 9 is located close to the bottom plate 10, and the second sealing groove 22 is located away from the bottom plate 10.

[0052] During operation, when the sliding sleeve 6 extends, the bottom plate 10 presses the top shaft 13, causing the top shaft 13 to retract into the first cavity 18. At the same time, the top shaft 13 drives the lower pressure plate 19 to press the main elastic block 15. The gas stored in the first gas receiving cavity 151 flows into the second gas receiving cavity 201. The sealing strip 20 expands to cooperate with the first sealing groove 9, further sealing the sliding sleeve 6 and the protective shell 401. This prevents the well pressure from increasing when the mud is sprayed out of the nozzle, which could lead to mud or water entering the protective shell 401 and affecting the normal extension and contraction of the sliding sleeve 6.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, an upper pressure plate 16 is fixedly connected to the side of the main elastic block 15 away from the drill rod 1. A connecting rope 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper pressure plate 16. The other end of the connecting rope 12 passes through the lower pressure plate 19 and the first cavity 18 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 10.

[0054] A first spring 17 is fitted onto the connecting rope 12. One end of the first spring 17 is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate 16, and the other end of the first spring 17 is fixedly connected to the lower pressure plate 19. The protective shell 401 has a groove 402 at the end away from the drill rod 1, and the scraper ring 5 is set in the groove 402. During operation, by setting the scraper ring 5 in the groove 402, the flatness of the surface of the protective shell 401 can be improved, and the scraper ring 5 can be prevented from deforming when the drill rod 1 moves up and down, which would lead to damage over time. The first spring 17 can assist the main elastic block 15 to recover and increase the gas flow speed, so that the sealing strip 20 contracts faster, preventing the side walls of the first sealing groove 9 and the second sealing groove 22 from scratching the sealing strip 20, thereby improving the service life of the sealing strip 20.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 6 has an inner cavity 27 on the side of the second sealing groove 22 near the drill rod 1. A sliding shaft 26 is installed in the inner cavity 27, with its first end slidably connected to the inner cavity 27. A push block 23 is slidably connected in the second sealing groove 22, and its second end passes through the side wall of the inner cavity 27 and is fixedly connected to the push block 23. A second spring 32 is sleeved on the sliding shaft 26, with one end abutting against the first end of the sliding shaft 26 and the other end abutting against the side wall of the inner cavity 27. A slider 24 is slidably connected inside the push block 23 via an elastic element, and an elastic membrane 25 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the push block 23. Several drainage grooves 21 are opened on the side of the second sealing groove 22 away from the drill rod 1, and the outer surface of the slider 24 is rounded.

[0056] During operation, when the sliding sleeve 6 retracts, the side edge of the protective shell 401 will block the slider 24, causing the slider 24 to drive the push block 23 to slide within the second sealing groove 22. At the same time, it will drive the sliding shaft 26 to compress the second spring 32 to generate elastic force. The sliding sleeve 6 continues to move, and through the rounded corners of the slider 24 surface, the slider 24 will retract into the push block 23. At this time, the spring resets, driving the push block 23 to reset. The push block 23 can remove the residual mud in the second sealing groove 22, avoiding affecting the sealing effect of the sealing strip 20. The elastic membrane 25 can increase the resistance between the slider 24 and the protective shell 401, and at the same time prevent mud from entering the push block 23 and affecting the sliding of the slider 24.

[0057] When the pusher 23 removes the residual mud in the second sealing groove 22, the connecting rope 12 on the surface of the base plate 10 will pull the upper pressure plate 16, causing the upper pressure plate 16 to squeeze the main elastic block 15. The gas stored in the first gas receiving chamber 151 flows into the second gas receiving chamber 201. The sealing strip 20 expands to fit the second sealing groove 22, forming a seal between the sliding sleeve 6 and the protective shell 401. By using the upper pressure plate 16 in conjunction with the main elastic block 15, the sealing effect between the sealing strip 20 and the second sealing groove 22 can be further improved.

[0058] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, for example, a second cavity 31 is provided in the base plate 10, a fixed shaft 29 is fixedly provided in the second cavity 31, a torsion spring 28 is fixedly provided on the fixed shaft 29, one end of the torsion spring 28 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 29, and the other end of the torsion spring 28 is fixedly connected to the roller 30. The connecting rope 12 passes through the second cavity 31 and is fixedly connected to the roller 30.

[0059] During operation, when the sliding sleeve 6 extends, the connecting rope 12 will slack. At this time, the torsion spring 28 in the base plate 10 will return to its original state and drive the reel 30 to rotate. The reel 30 will wind the connecting rope 12 to avoid the risk of it scattering on the surface of the lead screw and being caught in the lead screw, thus improving the stability of the device operation.

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. When it is necessary to move the drill pipe 1, the drive assembly drives the sliding sleeve 6 to retract into the protective shell 401 along the fixed sleeve 8, as follows:

[0062] Turn on the motor 11, which drives the lead screw to rotate forward. At the same time, the lead screw drives the base plate 10 to slide inside the protective shell 401. The base plate 10 drives the sliding sleeve 6 to retract into the protective shell 401, so that the extended sliding sleeve 6 is retracted into the protective shell 401.

[0063] S2. When the sliding sleeve 6 retracts into the protective shell 401, the mud on the surface of the sliding sleeve 6 is scraped off by the scraper ring 5.

[0064] S3. When the sliding sleeve 6 retracts into the protective shell 401, the side edge of the protective shell 401 blocks the slider 24, causing the slider 24 to drive the push block 23 to slide in the second sealing groove 22. The push block 23 drives the sliding shaft 26 to squeeze the second spring 32 to generate elastic force. The sliding sleeve 6 moves to push the slider 24 to retract into the push block 23. The second spring 32 resets and pushes the push block 23 to remove the residual mud in the second sealing groove 22.

[0065] S4. When the pusher block 23 removes the residual mud in the second sealing groove 22, the connecting rope 12 on the surface of the base plate 10 will pull the upper pressure plate 16, causing the upper pressure plate 16 to squeeze the main elastic block 15. The gas stored in the first gas receiving cavity 151 flows into the second gas receiving cavity 201, and the sealing strip 20 expands to form a seal between itself and the second sealing groove 22.

[0066] S5. When the sliding sleeve 6 extends outward to the protective shell 401, the bottom plate 10 presses the top shaft 13, causing the top shaft 13 to retract into the first cavity 18. The top shaft 13 drives the lower pressure plate 19 to press the main elastic block 15. At the same time, the gas stored in the first gas receiving cavity 151 of the main elastic block 15 flows into the second gas receiving cavity 201, and the sealing strip 20 expands to form a seal with the first sealing groove 9.

[0067] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device, characterized in that, Includes a drill rod, one end of which is fixedly provided with a drill bit, and a telescopic nozzle is fixedly provided on the drill rod; The telescopic nozzle includes a protective shell, one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill rod. A fixing sleeve is provided on the drill rod, and the protective shell is fitted over the outside of the fixing sleeve. A receiving cavity is provided between the protective shell and the fixing sleeve. A sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed sleeve. The sliding sleeve is located inside the receiving cavity. A spray hole is provided at the end of the sliding sleeve away from the drill rod. A driving assembly is provided inside the receiving cavity. The driving assembly is used to drive the sliding sleeve to move axially along the fixed sleeve. A scraping ring is provided at the end of the protective shell away from the drill rod. The scraping ring is in contact with the sliding sleeve. The protective shell also has a first cavity at the end away from the drill rod. A main elastic block is provided in the first cavity. The main elastic block has a first gas containing cavity. A lower pressure plate is fixedly connected to the side of the main elastic block near the drill rod. The lower pressure plate is slidably connected to the first cavity. A top shaft is fixedly provided on the side of the lower pressure plate away from the main elastic block. The top shaft passes through the first cavity and is slidably connected to the first cavity. The inner wall of the protective shell is provided with a second groove, and an elastic sealing strip is provided in the second groove. The two ends of the sealing strip are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second groove to form a second gas receiving cavity. The protective shell is also provided with a gas guide pipe, and the two ends of the gas guide pipe are respectively connected to the first gas receiving cavity and the second gas receiving cavity.

2. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a motor, a lead screw, and a base plate fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve; The motor housing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drill rod, the motor shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw, and the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the end of the protective shell away from the drill rod; the lead screw passes through a threaded hole on the base plate and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

3. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed sleeve has an annular limiting boss at the end away from the drill rod, and the sliding sleeve has an annular first groove, with the annular limiting boss located within the annular first groove.

4. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a first sealing groove and a second sealing groove. The first sealing groove is located close to the bottom plate, and the second sealing groove is located away from the bottom plate.

5. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An upper pressure plate is fixedly connected to the side of the main elastic block away from the drill rod. A connecting rope is fixedly connected to one side of the upper pressure plate. The other end of the connecting rope passes through the lower pressure plate and the first cavity in sequence and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

6. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first spring is fitted onto the connecting rope. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the lower pressure plate.

7. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell has a groove at the end away from the drill rod, and the scraper ring is disposed in the groove.

8. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sliding sleeve has an inner cavity on the side of the second sealing groove near the drill rod. A sliding shaft is provided in the inner cavity, and the first end of the sliding shaft is slidably connected to the inner cavity. A push block is slidably connected in the second sealing groove. The second end of the sliding shaft passes through the side wall of the inner cavity and is fixedly connected to the push block. A second spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft. One end of the second spring abuts against the first end of the sliding shaft, and the other end of the second spring abuts against the side wall of the inner cavity. A slider is slidably connected inside the push block through an elastic element. Several drainage grooves are opened on the side of the second sealing groove away from the drill rod. The outer surface of the slider is rounded.

9. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base plate has a second cavity, and a fixed shaft is fixedly installed in the second cavity. A torsion spring is fixedly installed on the fixed shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to a spool. The connecting rope passes through the second cavity and is fixedly connected to the spool.

10. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to claim 8, characterized in that, An elastic membrane is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the pusher block.

11. The adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, A fixed nozzle is also fixedly installed on the drill rod.

12. A method of using the adjustable high-speed pulse downhole jet device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the drill pipe needs to be moved, the drive assembly drives the sliding sleeve to retract into the protective shell along the fixed sleeve; As the sliding sleeve retracts into the protective shell, the mud on the surface of the sliding sleeve is scraped off by the scraper ring.

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