Active explosion relief structure and active explosion relief method of PACK battery pack

Abstract

This application discloses an active explosion venting structure and method for a battery pack, used to allow fire-fighting water to enter the battery pack in a timely manner for cooling and fire extinguishing. The method includes: an explosion venting plate, a turntable assembly, and a connecting rod; the turntable assembly is fixed to the explosion venting plate, the explosion venting plate is provided with a protrusion matching the size of the explosion vent, the protrusion is provided with a retaining ring located inside the explosion vent; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the turntable assembly, and the other end extends into the retaining ring, the connecting rod and the retaining ring cooperating to fix the explosion venting plate to the explosion vent; an elastic element is provided around the protrusion, the two ends of the elastic element abutting against the explosion venting plate and the explosion vent respectively; when the turntable assembly controls the connecting rod to move out of the retaining ring, the explosion venting plate springs open from the explosion vent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery pack fire extinguishing technology, and in particular to an active explosion venting structure and method for a PACK battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With societal progress and the convenience of electricity, the demand for electrical equipment is increasing. For power-intensive and mobile devices such as electric vehicles, four-wheeled vehicles, and robotic vacuum cleaners, internal energy storage battery packs are installed to provide power. These battery packs consist of several individual cells. During daily use, improper handling can damage the energy storage battery packs, specifically causing thermal runaway in individual cells, leading to fire or explosion risks. Therefore, timely fire suppression and cooling are crucial.

[0003] In existing fire extinguishing methods, a fire suppression system is usually installed inside the battery pack. After a single cell experiences thermal runaway, the fire suppression system introduces fire water into the thermally runaway cell to isolate it from the air, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire and cooling it down.

[0004] However, in common IP67 protection-rated battery packs, due to the tight sealing of the pack, fire-fighting water cannot enter the battery pack in time to cool and extinguish the battery cells in a timely manner, affecting the efficiency of cooling and extinguishing the fire. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an active explosion venting structure and method for a PACK battery pack, which allows fire-fighting water to enter the PACK battery pack in a timely manner for cooling and fire extinguishing.

[0006] The technical solution provided in this application is described below:

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides an active explosion-venting structure for a battery pack, comprising:

[0008] An explosion vent plate, a turntable assembly, and a connecting rod are provided. The turntable assembly is fixed to the explosion vent plate. The explosion vent plate is provided with a protrusion matching the size of the explosion vent. A retaining ring is provided on the protrusion, and the retaining ring is located inside the explosion vent. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the turntable assembly, and the other end extends into the retaining ring. The connecting rod and the retaining ring cooperate to fix the explosion vent plate on the explosion vent. An elastic element is provided around the protrusion. The two ends of the elastic element abut against the explosion vent plate and the explosion vent, respectively. When the turntable assembly controls the connecting rod to move out of the retaining ring, the explosion vent plate springs open from the explosion vent.

[0009] Optionally, the turntable assembly includes a self-locking component and a turntable, the self-locking component is connected to the turntable, the turntable rotates when the self-locking component is unlocked, and the self-locking component is electrically connected to the BMS battery management system;

[0010] The turntable is movably connected to the explosion relief plate, and a connecting post is provided on the turntable. The connecting rod is movably connected to the connecting post, and the movement of the connecting rod is controlled when the turntable rotates.

[0011] Optionally, a spring is provided inside the turntable, and a slot is provided on the outer edge of the turntable so that the locking piece on the self-locking component is locked in the slot.

[0012] Optionally, a waterproof rubber ring is provided at the connection between the explosion relief plate and the explosion relief port.

[0013] Optionally, an explosion vent frame is provided between the explosion vent and the explosion vent plate, and the explosion vent frame is connected to the explosion vent by screws.

[0014] Optionally, the elastic element is a spring, which is disposed at an angle between the explosion relief plate and the explosion relief port.

[0015] A second aspect of this application provides an active explosion-proof method for a battery pack, the explosion-proof method comprising:

[0016] The BMS battery management system determines whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred based on the first change data of parameters within the PACK battery pack. If so, it controls the fire extinguishing spray structure to spray fire extinguishing agent onto the PACK battery pack. The parameters include temperature, voltage, and gas.

[0017] After the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed, the BMS battery management system acquires the second change data of the parameters in the PACK battery pack, and determines whether the PACK battery pack is still in a thermal runaway state based on the second change data.

[0018] If so, the BMS battery management system controls the turntable assembly in the active explosion relief structure to rotate. The turntable assembly drives the connecting rod to retract and leave the buckle on the explosion relief plate, so that the explosion relief plate pops open from the explosion relief port as a whole. Fire water enters the PACK battery pack from the explosion relief port, which is located on the PACK battery pack.

[0019] Optionally, when the BMS battery management system determines, based on a temperature sensor, that the temperature inside the PACK battery pack is greater than 68°C, or

[0020] The BMS battery management system determines, based on voltage sensors, that the voltage difference between individual cells is greater than a preset threshold, or

[0021] The BMS battery management system determines that a thermal runaway fault has occurred in the PACK battery pack when the presence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases is detected by the gas sensor.

[0022] Optionally, when the temperature difference within the PACK battery pack exceeds 30°C (Tmax - Tmin), or

[0023] When the temperature increase rate in the PACK battery pack reaches dT / dt > 3℃ / s, or

[0024] When the voltage of a single cell in the PACK battery pack decreases exponentially, it is determined whether the PACK battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway.

[0025] Optionally, the BMS battery management system controls the rotation of the turntable assembly in the active explosion venting structure, including:

[0026] The BMS battery management system provides a high-level signal to the self-locking element in the turntable assembly, thereby unlocking the self-locking element and causing the turntable assembly to rotate.

[0027] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this application has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. By installing an explosion relief plate on the explosion relief port of the PACK battery pack, and setting a turntable assembly and connecting rod on the explosion relief plate, one end of the connecting rod is locked on the buckle of the explosion relief plate. When a thermal runaway fault occurs, the turntable assembly controls the connecting rod to retract, thereby causing the connecting rod to move away from the buckle. Through the action of the elastic element, the explosion relief plate is popped off from the explosion relief port, allowing fire water to enter the PACK battery pack in time to achieve cooling and fire extinguishing.

[0029] 2. The turntable assembly and connecting rod are mechanically contracted, which is not affected by temperature changes inside the PACK battery pack, and has a good unlocking effect on the explosion relief plate;

[0030] 3. A spring is installed between the explosion relief plate and the explosion relief port. After the connecting rod is removed from the buckle, the explosion relief plate will spring open under the action of the spring, which can quickly open the explosion relief port channel, providing convenience for the timely entry of fire water, thereby improving the efficiency of cooling and fire extinguishing.

[0031] 4. By observing temperature, voltage, and gas changes within the PACK battery pack, it is determined whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred. If a thermal runaway fault occurs, fire extinguishing agent is first sprayed to extinguish the fire. If the fire extinguishing effect is not good, the rotation of the turntable assembly in the explosion venting structure is controlled to release the explosion venting plate, causing the explosion venting plate to actively open. Fire water can then enter the PACK battery pack from the explosion vent in time to cool and extinguish the fire, preventing further runaway and deterioration of the PACK battery pack and reducing safety risks.

[0032] 5. First, spray the extinguishing agent. If the battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway after the fire is extinguished, pop open the explosion relief plate and send in fire water to ensure the suppression of thermal runaway of the PACK battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an active explosion venting structure for a battery pack according to this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of an active explosion venting structure for a battery pack according to this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion relief plate in the active explosion relief structure of a PACK battery pack according to this application;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack in this application;

[0038] Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of the explosion relief plate in the active explosion relief structure of a PACK battery pack according to this application;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the turntable in the active explosion venting structure of a PACK battery pack according to this application;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an active explosion venting method for a PACK battery pack according to this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] In view of the fact that fire-fighting water cannot enter the PACK battery pack in time in the existing technology, this application provides an active explosion venting structure and active explosion venting method for the PACK battery pack. By ejecting the explosion vent plate from the explosion vent in a ejecting manner, the explosion vent is exposed to the fire-fighting water in an instant, thereby enabling the fire-fighting water to enter the PACK battery pack in time and improving the fire-fighting efficiency.

[0042] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This application firstly provides an active explosion venting structure for a battery pack, the active explosion venting structure comprising:

[0043] The explosion relief plate 1, the turntable assembly 2, and the connecting rod 3 are included. The turntable assembly 2 is fixed on the explosion relief plate 1. The explosion relief plate 1 is provided with a protrusion 11 that matches the size of the explosion relief port. A retaining ring 12 is provided on the protrusion 11. The retaining ring 12 is located inside the explosion relief port. One end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the turntable assembly 2, and the other end extends into the retaining ring 12. The connecting rod 3 and the retaining ring 12 cooperate to fix the explosion relief plate 1 on the explosion relief port. An elastic element is provided on the periphery of the protrusion 11. The two ends of the elastic element abut against the explosion relief plate 1 and the explosion relief port, respectively. When the turntable assembly 2 controls the connecting rod 3 to move out of the retaining ring 12, the explosion relief plate 1 springs off from the explosion relief port.

[0044] The protrusion 11 protrudes on the side of the explosion relief plate 1 facing the explosion relief port. The shape formed by the protrusion 11 is consistent with the shape of the explosion relief port of the PACK battery pack 5. The elastic element is located between the protrusion 11 and the edge of the explosion relief plate 1. When the protrusion 11 is embedded in the explosion relief port, the elastic element is squeezed between the explosion relief plate 1 and the explosion relief port, storing the elastic force to be released. The buckle 12 on the protrusion 11 protrudes from the inner surface of the explosion relief port. The connecting rod 3 passes through the buckle 12 laterally. Through the cooperation of the connecting rod 3 and the buckle 12, the explosion relief plate 1 is locked in the explosion relief port.

[0045] In this embodiment, one end of the connecting rod 3 is movably connected to the turntable assembly 2, and the other end extends out to several ends, each end being inserted into a corresponding buckle 12. For example, when there are 3 buckles 12, the connecting rod 3 is provided with 3 ends, which are inserted into the buckles 12 respectively. When the turntable assembly 2 rotates, it drives the connecting rod 3 to move, and the 3 ends move accordingly, thereby achieving the effect of moving out of the buckles 12.

[0046] Under the action of the elastic element, the explosion relief plate 1 tends to move away from the explosion relief port. Due to the cooperation between the retaining ring 12 and the connecting rod 3, the explosion relief plate 1 is locked on the explosion relief port. When a thermal runaway fault occurs, the connecting rod 3 moves out of the retaining ring 12, and the elastic potential energy of the elastic element can be released, causing the explosion relief plate 1 to pop away from the explosion relief port. This allows fire water to enter the PACK battery pack 5 in a timely manner. The explosion relief plate 1 pops out quickly, which has a high efficiency effect on fire extinguishing.

[0047] The turntable assembly 2 includes a self-locking component 21 and a turntable. The self-locking component 21 is connected to the turntable. When the self-locking component 21 is unlocked, the turntable rotates. The self-locking component 21 is electrically connected to the BMS battery management system. The turntable is movably connected to the explosion relief plate 1. A connecting post is provided on the turntable. A connecting rod 3 is movably connected to the connecting post. When the turntable rotates, the connecting rod 3 is moved.

[0048] In this embodiment, the turntable can be set in the middle or at the end of the explosion relief plate 1. When it is set at the end, only one set of connecting rods 3 is needed. One set of connecting rods 3 extends from the turntable to the other end of the explosion relief plate 1. When the turntable rotates, the set of connecting rods 3 is retracted. When the turntable is set in the middle, two sets of connecting rods 3 are set. The two sets of connecting rods 3 extend from the turntable to both ends of the explosion relief plate 1 respectively.

[0049] The BMS (Battery Management System) monitors the internal structure of the PACK (Battery Pack 5). When a thermal runaway fault is detected, the BMS sends an unlocking signal to the self-locking component 21. The self-locking component 21 unlocks the turntable based on the unlocking signal, causing the turntable to rotate and retract the connecting rod 3. The self-locking component 21 and the BMS can be connected via wired or wireless means. When using a wired connection, heat-resistant, fire-resistant, and waterproof materials must be installed around the wiring to ensure timely signal transmission.

[0050] The self-locking component 21 is arranged side by side with the turntable. A spring 6 is installed inside the turntable, and a slot is provided on the outer edge of the turntable. A locking piece 23 is provided on the self-locking component 21. The locking piece 23 is locked in the slot of the turntable to lock the turntable. Under the action of the spring 6, the turntable has a tendency to rotate. When the self-locking component 21 controls the locking piece 23 to move out of the slot, the turntable rotates under the action of the spring 6, moving the connecting rod 3 out of the retaining ring 12.

[0051] When the self-locking component 21 is unlocked, the locking piece 23 can be moved out of the bayonet horizontally or rotated out of the bayonet.

[0052] Optionally, a waterproof rubber ring is provided at the connection between the explosion relief plate 1 and the explosion relief port. The waterproof rubber ring is located between the elastic element and the protrusion 11. When the protrusion 11 is embedded in the explosion relief port, the waterproof rubber ring fills the gap between the explosion relief port and the explosion relief plate 1, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0053] Optionally, an explosion vent frame 4 is provided between the explosion vent and the explosion vent plate 1. The explosion vent frame 4 is connected to the explosion vent by screws. In practice, the explosion vent frame 4 is fixedly connected to the PACK battery pack 5 by screws. By setting the explosion vent frame 4, the strength around the explosion vent can be increased.

[0054] Optional, please continue reading Figure 5 The elastic element is a spring 7, which is set at an angle between the explosion relief plate 1 and the explosion relief port. By setting the spring 7 at an angle, the spring 7 exerts an angled thrust on the explosion relief plate 1 after compression. Therefore, when the connecting rod 3 moves out of the buckle 12 and when the protrusion 11 leaves the explosion relief port, the spring 7 will push the explosion relief plate 1 open at an angle. This avoids the situation where the explosion relief plate 1 is difficult to open due to the resistance of the fire water to the explosion relief plate 1, and is more conducive to the opening of the explosion relief plate 1, thereby increasing the flow rate of fire water into the PACK battery pack.

[0055] In this embodiment, an elastic element is provided to provide power for opening the explosion relief plate 1, and the turntable assembly 2 and the connecting rod 3 are used to unlock the explosion relief plate 1. When the connecting rod 3 moves out of the buckle 12, the explosion relief plate 1 quickly pops out the explosion relief port, so that fire water can enter the PACK battery pack 5 in time to cool down and extinguish the fire in time, reducing safety risks.

[0056] Please continue reading. Figure 7 The second aspect of this application provides an active explosion venting method for a battery pack, the active explosion venting method comprising:

[0057] 101. The BMS battery management system determines whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred based on the first change data of parameters within the PACK battery pack. If so, it controls the fire extinguishing spray structure to spray fire extinguishing agent into the PACK battery pack. The parameters include temperature, voltage, and gas.

[0058] Under normal operating conditions, the temperature and voltage of the battery pack are within normal ranges, such as a temperature between 30-45 degrees Celsius and a voltage difference of no more than 1V between the two ends of each cell. The BMS battery management system has the function of real-time monitoring of the internal structure of the battery pack. When a thermal runaway fault is detected inside the battery pack, the system further controls the fire extinguishing spray structure to spray fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack. The fire extinguishing agent can be heptafluoropropane, perfluorohexanone, thermal aerosol, fine water mist, etc.

[0059] The Battery Management System (BMS) uses sensors such as temperature sensors, voltage sensors, and gas sensors to acquire the first changes in various parameters. Each sensor acquires the parameters within the battery pack in real time and transmits them to the BMS. The BMS analyzes these parameters and determines whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred based on the analysis results. If no thermal runaway fault has occurred, the BMS continues to acquire data on the internal parameters of the battery pack in real time through the various sensors.

[0060] The parameters used to determine whether a thermal failure has occurred include temperature, voltage, and gas. The first change data refers to the changes in temperature, voltage, and gas. When the first change data shows the following conditions, the BMS battery management system can determine that the PACK battery pack has experienced a thermal runaway failure.

[0061] Scenario 1: The BMS (Battery Management System) determines, based on temperature sensors, that the temperature inside the battery pack exceeds 68°C. Since 68°C exceeds the pack's normal temperature range and poses a risk of thermal runaway, potentially affecting other cells, this scenario is considered a thermal runaway fault, triggering the spraying of extinguishing agents. Alternatively, the rate of temperature increase per unit time can also be used to determine if thermal runaway has occurred. For example, if a cell's temperature rises from 38°C to 55°C within one second and continues to rise, this also indicates a thermal runaway fault.

[0062] Scenario 2: The BMS battery management system determines, based on the voltage sensor, that the voltage difference between individual cells is greater than a preset threshold, such as 1V or 1.2V. When the voltage difference between individual cells increases, it indicates that a cell has been damaged, resulting in a voltage drop. Therefore, in this case, a thermal runaway fault is identified, and fire extinguishing agent is sprayed.

[0063] Scenario 3: The BMS battery management system determines the presence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases in the PACK battery pack based on gas sensors. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are gases produced after combustion. When these gases are present, it indicates that combustion has occurred in the PACK battery pack. Therefore, in this case, a thermal runaway fault is identified, and fire extinguishing agent is sprayed.

[0064] 102. After the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed, the BMS battery management system obtains the second change data of the parameters inside the PACK battery pack, and determines whether the PACK battery pack is still in a thermal runaway state based on the second change data.

[0065] After the extinguishing agent is sprayed, the BMS battery management system continues to acquire second change data of parameters within the PACK battery pack in real time through various sensors. Based on this second change data, it determines whether the PACK battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway. That is, after the extinguishing agent is sprayed, if the fire extinguishing is effective, the second change data should remain unchanged or decrease slowly; if the fire extinguishing is ineffective, the second change data may continue to rise. In this case, fire-fighting water needs to be introduced to comprehensively block the air and cool the fire. The BMS battery management system determines that the PACK battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway when the following conditions occur, and then executes step 103 to introduce fire-fighting water.

[0066] Scenario 1: The BMS battery management system determines that the temperature difference within the PACK battery pack is Tmax-Tmin > 30℃ based on the temperature sensor. Tmax represents the highest temperature value within the PACK battery pack, and Tmin represents the lowest temperature value within the PACK battery pack. In this case, if the temperature difference increases to more than 30℃ within 2000ms, it can be considered that the temperature has not been effectively reduced and is still rising. At this time, it is determined that the PACK battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway.

[0067] Scenario 2: The BMS battery management system determines, based on the temperature sensor, that the temperature increase rate inside the PACK battery pack is greater than 3℃ / s (dT / dt). dT / dt represents the temperature change per unit time. In this case, it means that the temperature increase inside the PACK battery pack is greater than 3℃ within 1 second. If this increase rate continues for more than 2 seconds, the sprayed fire extinguishing agent fails to suppress the temperature increase. At this time, it can also be considered that the temperature has not been effectively reduced and is still rising, and the PACK battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway.

[0068] Scenario 3: The BMS battery management system determines, based on the voltage sensor, that the voltage of the individual cells in the PACK battery pack is decreasing exponentially. An exponential decrease indicates that the voltage is dropping rapidly and that a damaged cell has appeared. This cell is continuously discharging, causing its voltage to drop rapidly. Therefore, in this case, it is also determined that the PACK battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway.

[0069] 103. If so, the BMS battery management system controls the turntable assembly in the active explosion relief structure to rotate. The turntable assembly drives the connecting rod to retract and leave the buckle on the explosion relief plate, so that the explosion relief plate pops open from the explosion relief port as a whole. Fire water enters the PACK battery pack from the explosion relief port, which is located on the PACK battery pack.

[0070] The BMS battery management system is electrically connected to the active explosion venting structure provided in the first aspect of this application. Specifically, the BMS battery management system is electrically connected to the turntable assembly in the active explosion venting structure. Furthermore, the turntable assembly consists of a self-locking component and a turntable. The self-locking component is electrically connected to the BMS battery management system. Therefore, the BMS battery management system can send a control signal to the self-locking component, and the self-locking component unlocks or locks the turntable according to the control signal.

[0071] In this embodiment, when the BMS battery management system detects that the PACK battery pack is still in a thermal runaway state, it provides a high-level signal to the self-locking component. Under the action of the high-level signal, the self-locking component controls the locking plate to move away from the turntable. Without the restriction of the locking plate, the turntable rotates. During the rotation, the connecting rod is removed from the buckle on the explosion relief plate, thereby causing the explosion relief plate to pop open from the explosion relief port.

[0072] In this embodiment, firstly, by setting up a dual fire extinguishing process using both extinguishing agent and fire-fighting water, the thermal runaway can be thoroughly cooled and extinguished, reducing safety risks. Secondly, the BMS battery management system only needs to send a high-level signal for unlocking to the self-locking component to allow the explosion relief plate in the active explosion relief structure to pop open from the explosion relief port in time, enabling fire-fighting water to enter the PACK battery pack in a timely and large quantity for cooling and fire extinguishing, which greatly improves the fire extinguishing efficiency. In addition, fire-fighting water can quickly pour into the interior of the faulty PACK battery pack to achieve cooling and air isolation, preventing further runaway and deterioration of the PACK battery pack.

[0073] It should be noted that when a thermal runaway fault occurs, the BMS battery management system should suspend the battery power supply process and issue an alarm in a timely manner to serve as a warning.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0076] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0077] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0078] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. An active explosion venting structure for a battery pack, characterized in that, The active explosion relief structure includes: Explosion relief plate, turntable assembly and connecting rod; The turntable assembly is fixed to the explosion relief plate. The explosion relief plate is provided with a protrusion that matches the size of the explosion relief port. A buckle is provided on the protrusion. The buckle is located inside the explosion relief port. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the turntable assembly, and the other end extends into the buckle. The connecting rod and the buckle cooperate to fix the explosion relief plate on the explosion relief port. An elastic element is provided around the protrusion, and the two ends of the elastic element abut against the explosion relief plate and the explosion relief port respectively. When the turntable assembly controls the connecting rod to move out of the buckle, the explosion relief plate springs off the explosion relief port.

2. The active explosion venting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turntable assembly includes a self-locking component and a turntable. The self-locking component is connected to the turntable. When the self-locking component is unlocked, the turntable rotates. The self-locking component is electrically connected to the BMS battery management system. The turntable is movably connected to the explosion relief plate, and a connecting post is provided on the turntable. The connecting rod is movably connected to the connecting post, and the movement of the connecting rod is controlled when the turntable rotates.

3. The active explosion venting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The turntable is equipped with a spring, and the outer edge of the turntable has its own slot, so that the locking piece on the self-locking component can be locked in the slot.

4. The active explosion venting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A waterproof rubber ring is provided at the connection between the explosion relief plate and the explosion relief port.

5. The active explosion venting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, An explosion vent frame is provided between the explosion vent and the explosion vent plate, and the explosion vent frame is connected to the explosion vent by screws.

6. The active explosion venting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The elastic element is a spring, which is disposed at an angle between the explosion relief plate and the explosion relief port.

7. A method for active explosion venting of a battery pack, characterized in that, The active explosion relief method includes: The BMS battery management system determines whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred based on the first change data of parameters within the PACK battery pack. If so, it controls the fire extinguishing spray structure to spray fire extinguishing agent onto the PACK battery pack. The parameters include temperature, voltage, and gas. After the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed, the BMS battery management system acquires the second change data of the parameters in the PACK battery pack, and determines whether the PACK battery pack is still in a thermal runaway state based on the second change data. If so, the BMS battery management system controls the turntable assembly in the active explosion relief structure to rotate. The turntable assembly drives the connecting rod to retract and leave the buckle on the explosion relief plate, so that the explosion relief plate pops open from the explosion relief port as a whole. Fire water enters the PACK battery pack from the explosion relief port, which is located on the PACK battery pack.

8. The active explosion venting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the BMS battery management system determines, based on a temperature sensor, that the temperature inside the PACK battery pack is greater than 68°C, or The BMS battery management system determines, based on voltage sensors, that the voltage difference between individual cells is greater than a preset threshold, or The BMS battery management system determines that a thermal runaway fault has occurred in the PACK battery pack when the presence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases is detected by the gas sensor.

9. The active explosion venting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the temperature difference within the PACK battery pack exceeds 30°C (Tmax - Tmin), or When the temperature increase rate in the PACK battery pack reaches dT / dt > 3℃ / s, or When the voltage of a single cell in the PACK battery pack decreases exponentially, it is determined whether the PACK battery pack is still in a state of thermal runaway.

10. The active explosion venting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The BMS battery management system controls the rotation of the turntable assembly in the active explosion venting structure, including: The BMS battery management system provides a high-level signal to the self-locking element in the turntable assembly, thereby unlocking the self-locking element and causing the turntable assembly to rotate.

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