A fully automatic five-axis lapping machine

Abstract

The application discloses a full-automatic five-axis grinding machine, which comprises a machine table, at least two same or different grinding tools for grinding workpieces, an X-axis translation driving mechanism for driving the grinding driving mechanism to translate along the X-axis direction, a Y-axis translation driving mechanism for driving the grinding driving mechanism to translate along the Y-axis direction, a Z-axis lifting driving mechanism for driving an A-axis workpiece rotating mechanism to lift, the A-axis workpiece rotating mechanism for clamping the workpiece and driving the workpiece to rotate, a C-axis swing driving mechanism for driving the A-axis workpiece rotating mechanism to swing around the Z-axis, a grinding driving mechanism for clamping the grinding tool and driving the grinding tool to rotate, and a tool switching mechanism for replacing the grinding tool. The application has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, automatic completion of all grinding work of the workpiece in one station, high automation, reduced labor intensity of the operator and high forming precision of the finished product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting tool processing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining process of various cutting tools, the tool needs to be fixed in a grinding machine, and then the grinding machine grinds the tool to achieve the required size and surface roughness. However, some special-purpose tools have a more complex structure. For example, machining a lathe tool requires grinding the main cutting edge, secondary cutting edge, rake face, main flank face, and secondary flank face, which requires grinding a large number of surfaces. Existing grinding machines cannot complete all the grinding work of special-purpose tools in one station. Therefore, operators need to manually clamp the workpiece multiple times, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing production efficiency. At the same time, multiple clamping of the workpiece will also lead to the accumulation of positioning errors, resulting in poor forming quality of the finished product. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine that can realize a series of automated operations such as automatic switching of grinding tools, automatic translation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, as well as automatic rotation of the workpiece in the A-axis direction, automatic swinging in the C-axis direction and automatic lifting in the Z-axis direction. This invention enables the workpiece to be automatically completed in one station, with a high degree of automation, reducing the labor intensity of operators and achieving high forming accuracy of the finished product.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine, comprising a machine base, at least two identical or different grinding wheels for grinding workpieces, an X-axis translation drive mechanism for driving the grinding drive mechanism to translate along the X-axis, a Y-axis translation drive mechanism for driving the grinding drive mechanism to translate along the Y-axis, a Z-axis lifting drive mechanism for driving the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism to lift and lower, an A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism for clamping and rotating the workpiece, a C-axis oscillation drive mechanism for driving the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism to oscillate around the Z-axis, a grinding drive mechanism for clamping and rotating the grinding wheels, and a mechanism for changing grinding wheels. The grinding wheel switching mechanism comprises an X-axis translation drive mechanism and a Z-axis lifting drive mechanism both mounted on a machine base, a Y-axis translation drive mechanism mounted on the translation part of the X-axis translation drive mechanism, a grinding drive mechanism mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism, a C-axis swing drive mechanism mounted on the lifting part of the Z-axis lifting drive mechanism, and an A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism mounted on the swing part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism. The grinding wheel is provided with at least one grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel switching mechanism is arranged on one side of the grinding drive mechanism. The grinding wheel switching mechanism is provided with at least two clamping parts for clamping the grinding wheel.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, each grinding tool includes several identical or different grinding wheels and a mounting shaft. Several grinding wheels are coaxially mounted on the head end of the mounting shaft in sequence, and the tail end of the mounting shaft is recessed with an annular limiting groove.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism includes a workpiece chuck and a workpiece rotation drive device. The workpiece rotation drive device is installed on the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism, and the workpiece chuck is installed on the output part of the workpiece rotation drive device.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a workpiece translation slide, a workpiece translation rail, an adjusting handwheel, an adjusting screw, and an adjusting screw nut are further provided between the workpiece rotation drive device and the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism. The workpiece translation rail extends along the axial direction of the workpiece rotation drive device and is arranged on the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism. The workpiece translation slide is movably mounted on the workpiece translation rail. One end of the adjusting screw is rotatably mounted on the end of the workpiece translation slide away from the grinding drive mechanism. The adjusting handwheel is mounted on one end of the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw nut is mounted on one end of the workpiece translation rail. The other end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw nut to achieve transmission.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the grinding drive mechanism includes a grinding wheel mounting base for mounting the grinding wheel and a grinding wheel rotation drive device. The grinding wheel rotation drive device is mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism, and the grinding wheel mounting base is mounted on the output part of the grinding wheel rotation drive device.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the grinding wheel switching mechanism includes a grinding wheel fixture, a fixture mounting plate, a switching shaft, a shaft mounting base, a switching mounting bracket, a switching rotary drive device, a switching translation drive device, and a fixture switch drive device. The shaft mounting base is mounted on the translational part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism. The switching shaft is rotatably and translationally mounted inside the shaft mounting base. The switching rotary drive device is translatably arranged behind the switching shaft along the axial direction of the switching shaft via the switching mounting bracket. The rear end of the switching shaft is connected to the output part of the switching rotary drive device, and the head end of the switching shaft is connected to the middle position of the fixture mounting plate. The switching rotary drive device can drive... The fixture mounting plate rotates to switch between different grinding tools. At least two grinding tool clamps are provided and evenly arranged along the edge of the fixture mounting plate. The fixture switch drive device is mounted on a rotating shaft mounting base and located near the grinding drive mechanism. The output of the fixture switch drive device is connected to the corresponding grinding tool clamp via a transmission assembly to enable the clamping and releasing of the grinding tool by that clamp. The switching translation drive device is mounted on one side of the rotating shaft mounting base, and its output is connected to one side of the switching mounting bracket. The switching translation drive device can drive the grinding tool clamp to translate by moving the switching rotating shaft, thereby enabling the installation and removal of the grinding tool.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, each grinding tool fixture includes two opposing grinding tool jaws, a pull rod, a pull rod slide, and a clamping spring. Each grinding tool jaw is rotatably mounted outwardly in a corresponding jaw mounting slot on the fixture mounting plate via a rotating shaft located at its center. The pull rod is translatably arranged in a pull rod translation hole inside the fixture mounting plate along the radial direction of the switching shaft. The head end of each pull rod is located between the tail ends of its corresponding two grinding tool jaws. The head end of each pull rod is rotatably connected to the inwardly protruding connecting parts of the tail ends of its corresponding two grinding tool jaws via a connecting rod. The pull rod slide is sleeved on the pull rod and fixedly installed in the jaw mounting slot. The clamping spring is sleeved on the pull rod and located between the tail end of the pull rod and the pull rod slide. The clamping spring can drive the pull rod to move inward, thereby causing the head ends of the two grinding tool jaws to move closer together to clamp the grinding tool. The transmission assembly includes a moving camshaft, a return spring, and a spring holder. The fixture is mounted in a mounting plate. Each movable camshaft is slidably arranged within a movable camshaft translation hole inside the fixture mounting plate along the axial direction of the switching shaft and is located at the end of its corresponding pull rod movement path. The movable camshaft has, from front to back, a closing section for making space for the pull rod to move inward to close the grinding tool jaws, an arc transition section, and an opening section for abutting against the tail end of the pull rod to drive the pull rod to move outward and thus open the grinding tool jaws. The spring mounting seat is installed at the front end of the movable camshaft translation hole. The return spring is arranged inside the movable camshaft translation hole and is located between the spring mounting seat and the movable camshaft. The tail end of the movable camshaft can extend backward from the rear end of the movable camshaft translation hole under the drive of the return spring and can abut against the output part of the fixture switch drive device after the grinding tool it holds is installed in the grinding tool mounting seat. The fixture switch drive device can drive the corresponding movable camshaft to translate forward to open the grinding tool clamp.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a semi-circular clamping groove is recessed on the inner side of the head end of each grinding tool chuck, and a semi-circular ring-shaped limiting protrusion is protruded on the inner wall surface of the clamping groove of each grinding tool chuck.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the X-axis translation drive mechanism includes an X-axis translation slide rail, an X-axis translation slide block, an X-axis translation drive device, an X-axis translation lead screw, and an X-axis translation lead screw nut. The X-axis translation slide rail extends along the X-axis direction and is arranged on the top of the machine tool. The X-axis translation slide block is movably mounted on the X-axis translation slide rail. The X-axis translation lead screw nut is mounted on the X-axis translation slide block. The X-axis translation drive device is horizontally mounted on the top of the machine tool. The X-axis translation lead screw extends along the X-axis direction, and one end of the X-axis translation lead screw is connected to the output portion of the X-axis translation drive device. The other end of the X-axis translation screw is threadedly connected to the X-axis translation screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the X-axis translation drive device and the X-axis translation slide. The Y-axis translation drive mechanism includes a Y-axis translation slide rail, a Y-axis translation slide, a Y-axis translation drive device, a Y-axis translation screw, and a Y-axis translation screw nut. The Y-axis translation slide rail extends along the Y-axis direction and is arranged on the top of the X-axis translation slide. The Y-axis translation slide is movably mounted on the Y-axis translation slide rail. The Y-axis translation screw nut is mounted on the Y-axis translation slide. The Y-axis translation drive device is horizontally mounted on the top of the X-axis translation slide. The Y-axis translation screw extends along the Y-axis direction. One end of the Y-axis translation screw is connected to the output part of the Y-axis translation drive device, and the other end of the Y-axis translation screw is threadedly connected to the Y-axis translation screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the Y-axis translation drive device and the Y-axis translation slide. The Z-axis lifting drive mechanism includes a Z-axis lifting slide rail, a Z-axis lifting slide, a Z-axis lifting drive device, a Z-axis lifting screw, and a Z-axis lifting screw nut. The Z-axis lifting slide rail extends along the Z-axis direction and is arranged on the machine base. The Z-axis lifting slide is movably mounted on the Z-axis lifting slide rail. The Z-axis screw nut is mounted on... The Z-axis lifting drive device is vertically mounted on the machine base and mounted on the Z-axis lifting slide. The Z-axis lifting screw extends along the Z-axis direction. One end of the Z-axis lifting screw is connected to the output part of the Z-axis lifting drive device, and the other end of the Z-axis lifting screw is threadedly connected to the Z-axis screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the Z-axis lifting drive device and the Z-axis lifting slide. The C-axis swing drive mechanism includes a swing disk and a C-axis swing drive device. The C-axis swing drive device is mounted upward on the top of the Z-axis lifting slide, and the swing disk is mounted on the output part of the C-axis swing drive device.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes an auxiliary positioning mechanism for improving the positioning accuracy of the workpiece and a quality inspection mechanism for detecting the forming quality of the workpiece. The auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a positioning lifting slide rail, a positioning lifting slide block, a positioning cylinder, a lifting cylinder, a positioning fixing claw, and a positioning swing claw. The positioning lifting slide rail is vertically mounted on the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism and located near the clamping part of the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism. The positioning lifting slide block is movably mounted on the positioning lifting slide rail. The lifting cylinder is mounted upwards at the bottom of the positioning lifting slide rail, and the output rod of the lifting cylinder is connected to the positioning lifting slide block. The positioning swing claw is positioned at its middle position... The positioning fixed claw is rotatably mounted on the top of the positioning lifting slide and located on one side of the positioning swing claw. The positioning cylinder is horizontally mounted on the positioning lifting slide. The output rod of the positioning cylinder is connected to the tail end of the positioning swing claw. The positioning cylinder can drive the head end of the positioning swing claw to move towards the head end of the positioning fixed claw to achieve workpiece positioning. The quality inspection mechanism includes a detection probe, a probe mounting bracket, and a probe extension rotary cylinder. The probe extension rotary cylinder is mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism. The detection probe is mounted on the output part of the probe extension rotary cylinder through the probe mounting bracket.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The present invention has a simple structure and reasonable design, and can realize a series of automated operations such as automatic switching of grinding tools, automatic translation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, as well as automatic rotation of the workpiece in the A-axis direction, automatic swinging in the C-axis direction and automatic lifting in the Z-axis direction. This invention can automatically complete all grinding work of the workpiece in one station, with a high degree of automation, reducing the labor intensity of operators and high forming accuracy of finished products.

[0016] 2. This invention can also complete the grinding of axial grooving, front angle, back angle, etc. of workpieces in one go by clamping different grinding tools, which greatly improves work efficiency, eliminates positioning errors caused by multiple clamping, and improves grinding accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial enlargement of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial enlargement of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 (Hidden fixture mounting plate);

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial enlargement of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 (One mold clamping jaw is omitted);

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial enlargement of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 ;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partial enlargement of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 ;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partial enlargement of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 ;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 (Some parts are hidden). Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1The present invention provides a fully automatic five-axis grinding machine, including a machine base 1, at least two identical or different grinding wheels 2 for grinding workpieces, an X-axis translation drive mechanism 3 for driving the grinding drive mechanism 8 to translate along the X-axis direction, a Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4 for driving the grinding drive mechanism 8 to translate along the Y-axis direction, a Z-axis lifting drive mechanism 5 for driving the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism 6 to lift and lower, an A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism 6 for clamping and rotating the workpiece, a C-axis swing drive mechanism 7 for driving the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism 6 to swing around the Z-axis, a grinding drive mechanism 8 for clamping and rotating the grinding wheels 2, and a grinding wheel switching mechanism 9 for changing the grinding wheels 2. The components of this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the X-axis translation drive mechanism 3 and the Z-axis lifting drive mechanism 5 are both mounted on the machine base 1. The Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4 is mounted on the translation part of the X-axis translation drive mechanism 3. The grinding drive mechanism 8 is mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4. The C-axis swing drive mechanism 7 is mounted on the lifting part of the Z-axis lifting drive mechanism 5. The A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism 6 is mounted on the swing part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism 7. In specific implementation, the X-axis translation drive mechanism 3, the Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4, and the Z-axis lifting drive mechanism 5 can all be set to any existing linear movement module.

[0029] In specific implementation, the X-axis translation drive mechanism 3 includes an X-axis translation slide rail 31, an X-axis translation slide block 32, an X-axis translation drive device 33, an X-axis translation lead screw, and an X-axis translation lead screw nut. The X-axis translation slide rail 31 extends along the X-axis direction and is arranged on the top of the machine base 1. The X-axis translation slide block 32 is movably mounted on the X-axis translation slide rail 31. The X-axis translation lead screw nut is mounted on the X-axis translation slide block 32. The X-axis translation drive device 33 is horizontally mounted on the top of the machine base 1. The X-axis translation lead screw extends along the X-axis direction, and one end of the X-axis translation lead screw is connected to the output part of the X-axis translation drive device 33. The other end of the lead screw is threadedly connected to the X-axis translation lead screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the X-axis translation drive device 33 and the X-axis translation slide 32. The Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4 includes a Y-axis translation slide rail 41, a Y-axis translation slide 42, a Y-axis translation drive device 43, a Y-axis translation lead screw, and a Y-axis translation lead screw nut. The Y-axis translation slide rail 41 extends along the Y-axis direction and is arranged on the top of the X-axis translation slide 42. The Y-axis translation slide 42 is slidably mounted on the Y-axis translation slide rail 41. The Y-axis translation lead screw nut is mounted on the Y-axis translation slide 42. The Y-axis translation drive device 43 is horizontally mounted on the top of the X-axis translation slide 32. The Y-axis translation screw extends along the Y-axis direction. One end of the Y-axis translation screw is connected to the output part of the Y-axis translation drive device 43, and the other end of the Y-axis translation screw is threadedly connected to the Y-axis translation screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the Y-axis translation drive device 43 and the Y-axis translation slide 42. The Z-axis lifting drive mechanism 5 includes a Z-axis lifting slide rail 51, a Z-axis lifting slide 52, a Z-axis lifting drive device 53, a Z-axis lifting screw, and a Z-axis lifting screw nut. The Z-axis lifting slide rail 51 extends along the Z-axis direction and is arranged on the machine base 1. The Z-axis lifting slide 52 is movably mounted on the Z-axis lifting slide rail 51. The Z-axis screw nut is mounted on the Z-axis lifting slide rail 51. The Z-axis lifting drive device 53 is vertically mounted on the machine base 1 and mounted on the Z-axis lifting slide 52. The Z-axis lifting screw extends along the Z-axis direction. One end of the Z-axis lifting screw is connected to the output part of the Z-axis lifting drive device 53, and the other end of the Z-axis lifting screw is threadedly connected to the Z-axis screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the Z-axis lifting drive device 53 and the Z-axis lifting slide 52. The C-axis swing drive mechanism 7 includes a swing disk 71 and a C-axis swing drive device 72. The C-axis swing drive device 72 is mounted upward on the top of the Z-axis lifting slide, and the swing disk 71 is mounted on the output part of the C-axis swing drive device 72.

[0030] Preferably, the X-axis translation drive device 33, the Y-axis translation drive device 43, the Z-axis lifting drive device 53, the mold rotation drive device 82, and the workpiece rotation drive device 62 are all preferably DD direct drive motors, the switching translation drive device 97 and the clamp switch drive device 98 are both preferably cylinders, and the switching rotation drive device 96 is preferably a rotary cylinder. Of course, any other suitable drive device can be used according to actual needs.

[0031] In this embodiment, the X-axis translation slide rail 31, X-axis translation slide 32, translation slide rail 41, Y-axis translation slide 42, Z-axis lifting slide rail 51, and Z-axis lifting slide 52 are all preferably precision four-way equal load ball axis guide rail pairs. The X-axis translation screw, X-axis translation screw nut, Y-axis translation screw, Y-axis translation screw nut, Z-axis lifting screw, and Z-axis lifting screw nut are all preferably tight ball screw drives, which are accurate in positioning and have high grinding precision. Preferably, protective covers are also provided around the X-axis translation drive mechanism 3, Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4, and Z-axis lifting drive mechanism 5, which provides tight protection, is aesthetically pleasing, and can also improve the service life of the grinding machine.

[0032] In practical implementation, each grinding tool 2 includes several identical or different grinding wheels 21 and a mounting shaft 22. Several grinding wheels 21 are coaxially mounted on the head end of the mounting shaft 22 in sequence, so that all grinding workpieces can be completed in one station. Of course, only one grinding wheel 21 can be installed. In practical implementation, the two grinding tools 2 can be set as a rough grinding wheel group and a fine grinding wheel group respectively, which can improve grinding efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism 6 includes a workpiece chuck 61 and a workpiece rotation drive device 62. The workpiece rotation drive device 62 is mounted on the swing disk 71 of the C-axis swing drive mechanism 7, and the workpiece chuck 61 is mounted on the output part of the workpiece rotation drive device 62. Preferably, a workpiece translation slide 63, a workpiece translation slide rail 64, an adjusting handwheel 65, an adjusting screw 66, and an adjusting screw nut 67 can also be provided between the workpiece rotation drive device 62 and the swing part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism 7. The workpiece translation slide rail 64 is along the axial direction of the workpiece rotation drive device 62. The workpiece translation slide 63 is movably mounted on the workpiece translation slide rail 64, which is extended to the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism 7. One end of the adjusting screw 66 is rotatably mounted on the end of the workpiece translation slide 63 away from the grinding drive mechanism 8. The adjusting handwheel 65 is mounted on one end of the adjusting screw 66, and the adjusting screw nut 67 is mounted on one end of the workpiece translation slide rail 64. The other end of the adjusting screw 66 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw nut 67 to achieve transmission. The distance between the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism 6 and the grinding drive mechanism 8 can be finely adjusted by rotating the adjusting handwheel 65.

[0034] In practical implementation, the workpiece rotation drive device 62 is preferably a high-rigidity direct drive motor with a built-in encoder and full closed-loop control. It has the advantages of fast response speed, accurate indexing, high rigidity and no gap, which can improve the forming quality of the finished product.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the grinding drive mechanism 8 includes a grinding wheel mounting base 81 for mounting the grinding wheel 2 and a grinding wheel rotation drive device 82. The grinding wheel rotation drive device 82 is mounted on the Y-axis translation slide 42 of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4, and the grinding wheel mounting base 81 is mounted on the output part of the grinding wheel rotation drive device 82. During operation, the grinding wheel rotation drive device 82 can perform grinding processing on the workpiece by driving the grinding wheel 2 mounted on the grinding wheel mounting base 81 to rotate.

[0036] In specific implementation, the grinding wheel rotation drive device 82 is preferably a constant torque electric spindle. The electric spindle adopts grease lubrication, gas sealing and oil cooling, so that the grinding wheel rotation drive device 82 can operate stably for a long time and extend its service life.

[0037] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the grinding wheel switching mechanism 9 includes a grinding wheel fixture 91, a fixture mounting plate 92, a switching shaft 93, a shaft mounting base, a switching mounting bracket 95, a switching rotary drive device 96, a switching translation drive device 97, and a fixture switch drive device 98. The shaft mounting base is mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4. The switching shaft 93 is rotatably and translationally mounted inside the shaft mounting base. The switching rotary drive device 96 is translatably arranged behind the switching shaft 93 along the axial direction of the switching shaft 93 via the switching mounting bracket 95. The rear end of the switching shaft 93 is connected to the output part of the switching rotary drive device 96, and the head end of the switching shaft 93 is connected to the middle position of the fixture mounting plate 92. In this embodiment, the grinding wheel fixture 91 is provided with two fixtures symmetrically arranged. Arranged at both ends of the fixture mounting plate 92, the number of grinding jigs 91 and grinding wheels 2 can be increased according to actual needs to complete all grinding workpieces in one station. The fixture switch drive device 98 is mounted on the rotating shaft mounting base and located near the grinding drive mechanism 8. The output part of the fixture switch drive device 98 is connected to the corresponding grinding jig 91 through the transmission component to realize the gripping and releasing of the grinding wheel 2 by the grinding jig 91. The switching translation drive device 97 is mounted on one side of the rotating shaft mounting base. The output part of the switching translation drive device 97 is connected to one side of the switching mounting bracket 95. The switching translation drive device 97 can drive the grinding jig 91 to translate by driving the switching rotating shaft 93 to realize the installation and removal of the grinding wheel 2.

[0038] During operation, when it is necessary to replace the grinding wheel 2, the clamp switch drive device 98 controls the grinding wheel clamp 91 corresponding to the currently used grinding wheel 2 to clamp the grinding wheel 2. Then, the switching translation drive device 97 drives the switching shaft 93 to move forward, thereby moving the grinding wheel clamp 91 forward to remove the grinding wheel 2 to be replaced from the grinding wheel mounting base 81. Then, the switching rotation drive device 96 drives the switching shaft 93 to rotate, rotating the replacement grinding wheel 2 until it is aligned with the grinding wheel mounting base 81. Under the drive of the switching translation drive device 97, it is inserted into the grinding wheel mounting base 81 for installation. After installation, the clamp switch drive device 98 controls the grinding wheel clamp 91 corresponding to the grinding wheel 2 to open, disconnecting it from the grinding wheel 2, thus completing one switching operation.

[0039] In this embodiment, each grinding tool clamp 91 includes two opposing grinding tool jaws 911, a pull rod 912, a pull rod slide 913, and a clamping spring 914. Each grinding tool jaw 911 is rotatably mounted outwardly in a corresponding jaw mounting groove 921 on the clamp mounting plate 92 via a rotating shaft 9111 located at its center. The pull rod 912 is translatably arranged in a pull rod translation hole inside the clamp mounting plate 92 along the radial direction of the switching shaft 93. The head end of each pull rod 912 is located between the tail ends of its corresponding two grinding tool jaws 911. The head end of each pull rod 912 is connected to the tail ends of its corresponding two grinding tool jaws 911 via a connecting rod 9121 with an inwardly protruding connecting portion 91. 14. Rotary connection: The pull rod slide 913 is sleeved on the pull rod 912 and fixedly installed in the jaw mounting groove 921. The clamping spring 914 is sleeved on the pull rod 912 and located between the tail end of the pull rod 912 and the pull rod slide 913. In specific implementation, the transmission assembly includes a moving camshaft 915, a return spring 916, and a spring mounting seat 917. Each moving camshaft 915 is translatably arranged in the moving camshaft translation hole opened inside the fixture mounting plate 92 along the axial direction of the switching shaft 93 and is located at the end of the corresponding pull rod 912 movement path. Preferably, the moving camshafts 915 are provided sequentially from front to back with closing sections 911 to make room for the pull rod 912 to move inward to achieve the closing of the mold jaw 911. 151. An arc transition section 9152 and an opening section 9153 for abutting against the tail end of the pull rod 912 to drive the pull rod 912 to move outward, thereby opening the grinding tool chuck 911. A spring mounting seat 917 is installed at the front end of the translation hole of the moving camshaft. A return spring 916 is arranged inside the translation hole of the moving camshaft and located between the spring mounting seat 917 and the moving camshaft 915. The tail end of the moving camshaft 915 can extend backward from the rear end of the translation hole of the moving camshaft under the drive of the return spring 916. During operation, after the grinding tool 2 held by the grinding tool chuck 91 is installed into the grinding tool mounting seat 81, the connection between the grinding tool chuck 911 of the grinding tool chuck 91 and the mounting shaft 22 of the grinding tool 2 needs to be released so that... The grinding wheel 2 rotates under the drive of the grinding wheel rotation drive device 82 to perform grinding work. At this time, the output part of the clamp switch drive device 98 moves forward and abuts against the tail end of the corresponding moving camshaft 915, causing the moving camshaft 915 to move forward. This causes the opening section 9153 of the moving camshaft 915 to abut against the tail end of the corresponding pull rod 912, causing the pull rod 912 to move outward. The head end of the pull rod 912 moves outward, causing the tail ends of the two grinding wheel clamps 911 to move closer to each other, thereby causing the head ends of the two grinding wheel clamps 911 to move away from each other, thus opening the grinding wheel clamp 91. When it is necessary to replace the grinding wheel 2, the output part of the clamp switch drive device 98 moves backward and separates from the tail end of the moving camshaft 915.The movable camshaft 915 moves backward to its reset position under the action of the return spring 916. At this time, the closed section 9151 of the movable camshaft 915 is aligned with the tail end of the pull rod 912, allowing the pull rod 912 to move inward under the action of the clamping spring 914. The head end of the pull rod 912 moves inward, causing the tail ends of the two grinding tool jaws 911 to move away from each other, thereby causing the head ends of the two grinding tool jaws 911 to move closer together, thus closing the grinding tool clamp 91.

[0040] Preferably, each grinding tool cleaver 911 has a semi-circular clamping groove 9112 recessed on the inner side of its head end, and each clamping groove 9112 has a semi-circular limiting protrusion 9113 on its inner wall surface that matches the annular limiting groove 221 opened at the tail end of the mounting shaft 22, which can improve the stability of the connection.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, it also includes an auxiliary positioning mechanism 101 for improving the positioning accuracy of the workpiece. In this embodiment, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 101 includes a positioning lifting slide rail 1011, a positioning lifting slide block 1012, a positioning cylinder 1013, a lifting cylinder 1014, a positioning fixing claw 1015, and a positioning swing claw 1016. The positioning lifting slide rail 1011 is vertically mounted on the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism 7 and located near the workpiece chuck 61 of the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism 6. The positioning lifting slide block 1012 is movably mounted on the positioning lifting slide rail 1011. The lifting cylinder 1014 is mounted upwards at the bottom of the positioning lifting slide rail 1011. The output shaft of the lifting cylinder 1014... The positioning swing claw 1016 is rotatably mounted on the top of the positioning lifting slide 1012 at its middle position, connected to the positioning lifting slide 1012. The positioning fixed claw 1015 is mounted on the top of the positioning lifting slide 1012 and located on one side of the positioning swing claw 1016. The positioning cylinder 1013 is horizontally mounted on the positioning lifting slide 1012. The output rod of the positioning cylinder 1013 is connected to the tail end of the positioning swing claw 1016. During operation, the positioning cylinder 1013 can drive the head end of the positioning swing claw 1016 to move towards the head end of the positioning fixed claw 1015, which can assist in positioning the workpiece held by the workpiece chuck 61, thereby improving the forming quality of the finished product.

[0042] like Figure 7As shown, it also includes a quality inspection mechanism 102 for detecting the forming quality of the workpiece. The quality inspection mechanism 102 includes a detection probe 1021, a probe mounting bracket 1022, and a probe extension rotary cylinder 1023. The probe extension rotary cylinder 1023 is installed on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism 4. The detection probe 1021 is installed on the output part of the probe extension rotary cylinder 1023 through the probe mounting bracket 1022 and can extend to the position close to the workpiece clamped by the workpiece chuck 61 under the drive of the probe extension rotary cylinder 1023 to perform detection work. It can quickly detect defects in the workpiece processing and facilitate operators to adjust the processing method in a timely manner to improve the forming quality of the finished product. In specific implementation, the detection probe 1021 can adopt any existing detection mechanism.

[0043] During operation, this grinding machine can automatically grind bar tools with an outer diameter of 0.3~6.35mm, a total length of 0~100mm, and a grinding length of less than 30mm using the corresponding tool grinding software. It has high production efficiency and is suitable for large-scale production in enterprises, as well as for the customized production of special tools.

[0044] In summary, the present invention has a simple structure and reasonable design, and can realize a series of automated operations such as automatic switching of grinding tools, automatic translation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, as well as automatic rotation of the workpiece in the A-axis direction, automatic swinging in the C-axis direction and automatic lifting in the Z-axis direction. This allows the present invention to automatically complete all grinding work of the workpiece in one station, with a high degree of automation, reducing the labor intensity of operators and achieving high forming accuracy of the finished product.

[0045] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic five-axis grinding machine, characterized in that: The equipment includes a machine base (1), at least two identical or different grinding wheels (2) for grinding workpieces, an X-axis translation drive mechanism (3) for driving the grinding drive mechanism (8) to translate along the X-axis, a Y-axis translation drive mechanism (4) for driving the grinding drive mechanism (8) to translate along the Y-axis, a Z-axis lifting drive mechanism (5) for driving the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism (6) to lift, an A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism (6) for clamping and rotating the workpiece, a C-axis swing drive mechanism (7) for driving the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism (6) to swing around the Z-axis, a grinding drive mechanism (8) for clamping and rotating the grinding wheel (2), and a grinding wheel switching mechanism (9) for changing the grinding wheel (2). The translation drive mechanism (3) and the Z-axis lifting drive mechanism (5) are both installed on the machine base (1). The Y-axis translation drive mechanism (4) is installed on the translation part of the X-axis translation drive mechanism (3). The grinding drive mechanism (8) is installed on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism (4). The C-axis swing drive mechanism (7) is installed on the lifting part of the Z-axis lifting drive mechanism (5). The A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism (6) is installed on the swing part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism (7). The grinding wheel (2) is provided with at least one grinding wheel (21). The grinding wheel switching mechanism (9) is arranged on one side of the grinding drive mechanism (8). The grinding wheel switching mechanism (9) is provided with at least two clamping parts for clamping the grinding wheel (2). The grinding wheel switching mechanism (9) includes a grinding wheel fixture (91), a fixture mounting plate (92), a switching shaft (93), a shaft mounting base, a switching mounting bracket (95), a switching rotary drive device (96), a switching translation drive device (97), and a fixture switch drive device (98). The shaft mounting base is mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism (4). The switching shaft (93) is rotatably and translationally mounted inside the shaft mounting base. The switching rotary drive device (96) is translatably arranged behind the switching shaft (93) along the axial direction of the switching shaft (93) via the switching mounting bracket (95). The rear end of the switching shaft (93) is connected to the output part of the switching rotary drive device (96). The head end of the switching shaft (93) is connected to the middle position of the fixture mounting plate (92). The switching rotary drive device (96) can drive... The clamp mounting plate (92) rotates to switch between different grinding tools (2). The grinding tool clamps (91) are provided in at least two and are evenly arranged at the edge of the clamp mounting plate (92). The clamp switch drive device (98) is mounted on the rotating shaft mounting seat and located near the grinding drive mechanism (8). The output part of the clamp switch drive device (98) is connected to the corresponding grinding tool clamp (91) through the transmission component to realize the clamping and releasing of the grinding tool (2) by the grinding tool clamp (91). The switching translation drive device (97) is mounted on one side of the rotating shaft mounting seat. The output part of the switching translation drive device (97) is connected to one side of the switching mounting bracket (95). The switching translation drive device (97) can drive the grinding tool clamp (91) to translate by driving the switching rotating shaft (93) to realize the installation and removal of the grinding tool (2).

2. The fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each grinding tool (2) includes several identical or different grinding wheels (21) and a mounting shaft (22). Several grinding wheels (21) are coaxially mounted on the head end of the mounting shaft (22) in sequence. The tail end of the mounting shaft (22) is recessed with an annular limiting groove (221).

3. The fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism (6) includes a workpiece chuck (61) and a workpiece rotation drive device (62). The workpiece rotation drive device (62) is installed on the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism (7), and the workpiece chuck (61) is installed on the output part of the workpiece rotation drive device (62).

4. The fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Between the workpiece rotation drive device (62) and the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism (7), there is also a workpiece translation slide (63), a workpiece translation slide rail (64), an adjusting handwheel (65), an adjusting screw (66), and an adjusting screw nut (67). The workpiece translation slide rail (64) extends along the axial direction of the workpiece rotation drive device (62) and is arranged on the swinging part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism (7). The workpiece translation slide (63) is movably mounted on the workpiece translation slide rail (64). One end of the adjusting screw (66) is rotatably mounted on the end of the workpiece translation slide (63) away from the grinding drive mechanism (8). The adjusting handwheel (65) is mounted on one end of the adjusting screw (66). The adjusting screw nut (67) is mounted on one end of the workpiece translation slide rail (64). The other end of the adjusting screw (66) is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw nut (67) to realize transmission.

5. The fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding drive mechanism (8) includes a grinding wheel mounting base (81) for mounting the grinding wheel (2) and a grinding wheel rotation drive device (82). The grinding wheel rotation drive device (82) is mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism (4), and the grinding wheel mounting base (81) is mounted on the output part of the grinding wheel rotation drive device (82).

6. The fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each grinding tool clamp (91) includes two opposing grinding tool jaws (911), a pull rod (912), a pull rod slide (913), and a clamping spring (914). Each grinding tool jaw (911) is rotatably mounted outwardly in a corresponding jaw mounting slot (921) on the clamp mounting plate (92) via a rotating shaft (9111) located at its center. The pull rod (912) is translatably arranged in a pull rod translation hole inside the clamp mounting plate (92) along the radial direction of the switching shaft (93). The head end of each pull rod (912) is located between the tail ends of its corresponding two grinding tool jaws (911). Each end is rotatably connected to the connecting part (9114) protruding inward from the tail end of its corresponding two grinding tool jaws (911) via a connecting rod (9121). The pull rod slide (913) is sleeved on the pull rod (912) and fixedly installed in the jaw mounting groove (921). The clamping spring (914) is sleeved on the pull rod (912) and located between the tail end of the pull rod (912) and the pull rod slide (913). The clamping spring (914) can drive the pull rod (912) to move inward, thereby causing the head ends of the two grinding tool jaws (911) to move closer to each other to achieve clamping of the grinding tool (2). The transmission assembly includes a moving camshaft (915), a return spring (9114), and a return spring (9115). 916) and spring mounting base (917), each movable camshaft (915) is translatably arranged in the movable camshaft translation hole opened inside the fixture mounting plate (92) along the axial direction of the switching shaft (93) and located at the end of the movement path of its corresponding pull rod (912). The movable camshaft (915) is provided from front to back with a closing section (9151) for making space for the pull rod (912) to move inward to realize the closing of the mold chuck (911), an arc transition section (9152), and an opening section (9153) for abutting against the tail end of the pull rod (912) to drive the pull rod (912) to move outward to realize the opening of the mold chuck (911). The spring mounting base (917) is installed at the front end of the translation hole of the movable camshaft. The return spring (916) is arranged inside the translation hole of the movable camshaft and located between the spring mounting base (917) and the movable camshaft (915). The tail end of the movable camshaft (915) can extend backward from the rear end of the translation hole of the movable camshaft under the drive of the return spring (916) and can abut against the output part of the clamping switch drive device (98) after the grinding wheel (2) it clamps is installed on the grinding wheel mounting base (81). The clamping switch drive device (98) can drive the corresponding movable camshaft (915) to move forward to realize the opening of the grinding wheel clamp (91).

7. A fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each grinding tool chuck (911) has a semi-circular clamping groove (9112) recessed on the inner side of its head end, and a semi-circular ring-shaped limiting protrusion (9113) protruding on the inner wall surface of the clamping groove (9112) of each grinding tool chuck (911).

8. The fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis translation drive mechanism (3) includes an X-axis translation slide rail (31), an X-axis translation slide block (32), an X-axis translation drive device (33), an X-axis translation screw, and an X-axis translation screw nut. The X-axis translation slide rail (31) extends along the X-axis direction and is arranged on the top of the machine base (1). The X-axis translation slide block (32) is movably mounted on the X-axis translation slide rail (31). The X-axis translation screw nut is mounted on the X-axis translation slide block (32). The X-axis translation drive device (33) is horizontally mounted on the top of the machine base (1). The X-axis translation screw extends along the X-axis direction. One end of the X-axis translation screw is connected to the output part of the X-axis translation drive device (33). The other end is threaded to the X-axis translation screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the X-axis translation drive device (33) and the X-axis translation slide (32). The Y-axis translation drive mechanism (4) includes a Y-axis translation slide rail (41), a Y-axis translation slide (42), a Y-axis translation drive device (43), a Y-axis translation screw, and a Y-axis translation screw nut. The Y-axis translation slide rail (41) extends along the Y-axis direction and is arranged on the top of the X-axis translation slide (42). The Y-axis translation slide (42) is slidably mounted on the Y-axis translation slide rail (41). The Y-axis translation screw nut is mounted on the Y-axis translation slide (42). The Y-axis translation drive device (43) is horizontally mounted on the top of the X-axis translation slide (32). The lead screw extends along the Y-axis direction. One end of the Y-axis translation lead screw is connected to the output part of the Y-axis translation drive device (43), and the other end of the Y-axis translation lead screw is threadedly connected to the Y-axis translation lead screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the Y-axis translation drive device (43) and the Y-axis translation slide (42). The Z-axis lifting drive mechanism (5) includes a Z-axis lifting slide rail (51), a Z-axis lifting slide (52), a Z-axis lifting drive device (53), a Z-axis lifting lead screw, and a Z-axis lifting lead screw nut. The Z-axis lifting slide rail (51) extends along the Z-axis direction and is arranged on the machine base (1). The Z-axis lifting slide (52) is movably mounted on the Z-axis lifting slide rail (51), and the Z-axis lifting lead screw nut is mounted on... The Z-axis lifting slide (52) is mounted on the Z-axis lifting drive device (53), which is vertically mounted on the machine base (1). The Z-axis lifting screw extends along the Z-axis direction. One end of the Z-axis lifting screw is connected to the output part of the Z-axis lifting drive device (53), and the other end of the Z-axis lifting screw is threadedly connected to the Z-axis screw nut to realize the transmission connection between the Z-axis lifting drive device (53) and the Z-axis lifting slide (52). The C-axis swing drive mechanism (7) includes a swing disk (71) and a C-axis swing drive device (72). The C-axis swing drive device (72) is mounted upward on the top of the Z-axis lifting slide, and the swing disk (71) is mounted on the output part of the C-axis swing drive device (72).

9. A fully automatic five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary positioning mechanism (101) for improving the positioning accuracy of the workpiece and a quality inspection mechanism (102) for detecting the forming quality of the workpiece. The auxiliary positioning mechanism (101) includes a positioning lifting slide rail (1011), a positioning lifting slide block (1012), a positioning cylinder (1013), a lifting cylinder (1014), a positioning fixing claw (1015), and a positioning swing claw (1016). The positioning lifting slide rail (1011) is vertically mounted on the swing part of the C-axis swing drive mechanism (7) and located near the clamping part of the A-axis workpiece rotation mechanism (6). The positioning lifting slide block (1012) is movably mounted on the positioning lifting slide rail (1011). The lifting cylinder (1014) is mounted upwards at the bottom of the positioning lifting slide rail (1011). The output rod of the lifting cylinder (1014) is connected to the positioning lifting slide block (1012). The positioning swing claw (1016) is rotatably mounted in the middle position of the positioning lifting slide rail. The positioning and fixing claw (1015) is mounted on the top of the positioning and lifting slide (1012) and located on one side of the positioning swing claw (1016). The positioning cylinder (1013) is horizontally mounted on the positioning and lifting slide (1012). The output rod of the positioning cylinder (1013) is connected to the tail end of the positioning swing claw (1016). The positioning cylinder (1013) can drive the head end of the positioning swing claw (1016) to move closer to the positioning and fixing claw. The head end of the claw (1015) moves in a direction to achieve workpiece positioning. The quality inspection mechanism (102) includes a detection probe (1021), a probe mounting bracket (1022), and a probe extension rotary cylinder (1023). The probe extension rotary cylinder (1023) is mounted on the translation part of the Y-axis translation drive mechanism (4). The detection probe (1021) is mounted on the output part of the probe extension rotary cylinder (1023) through the probe mounting bracket (1022).

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