Hydrogen storage system and method of controlling the same

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a hydrogen storage system, which comprises: at least two hydrogen storage devices, the at least two hydrogen storage devices are connected in series and the pressure is distributed in a gradient, two adjacent hydrogen storage devices are communicated through a pressurizing device, a conveying pipeline is arranged between the two adjacent devices, an adjusting valve is arranged on each conveying pipeline, and the hydrogen storage device with the minimum pressure in the at least two hydrogen storage devices is used to connect a hydrogen production system and a hydrogen utilization system. In the process of hydrogen charging and hydrogen discharging of the hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen storage system of the embodiment of the present disclosure can reduce the hydrogen storage and discharging cycle times of the hydrogen storage device through step-by-step hydrogen charging and step-by-step hydrogen discharging, thereby avoiding a large impact on the hydrogen storage device, prolonging the service life of the hydrogen storage device, improving the stability and reliability of the hydrogen storage system, and simultaneously providing stable hydrogen supply for a hydrogen utilization system downstream of the hydrogen storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein belong to the field of hydrogen storage technology, specifically relating to a hydrogen storage system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] One important way for hydrogen energy to play a role in new power systems is by mitigating the impact of renewable energy on the grid by following the fluctuations in renewable energy sources. However, when hydrogen produced through fluctuating hydrogen production reaches downstream applications, the fluctuating hydrogen supply can disrupt relatively stable processes such as chemical and metallurgical industries.

[0003] In related technologies, the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen consumption system are connected through a hydrogen storage tank. The frequent storage and release of hydrogen in the storage tank causes pressure instability, which can impact the storage tank. Fluctuating hydrogen pressure can also cause instability in the supply of hydrogen to the consumption system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments disclosed herein are intended to at least address one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a hydrogen storage system and its control method.

[0005] Embodiments of this disclosure provide a hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen storage system comprising:

[0006] At least two hydrogen storage devices are connected in series with a pressure gradient distribution. Adjacent hydrogen storage devices are connected by a pressurizing device. A delivery pipeline is provided between adjacent devices. Each delivery pipeline is equipped with a regulating valve. The hydrogen storage device with the lowest pressure among the at least two hydrogen storage devices is used to connect the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen consumption system.

[0007] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the volume Vn of each hydrogen storage device and the pressure Pn of each hydrogen storage device are determined by the total volume V of the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen storage operation curve Qt of the hydrogen storage device.

[0008] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method for determining the volume Vn of the hydrogen storage device includes:

[0009] Discretize the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage operation curve Qt of the hydrogen storage device, and then arrange them in order of increasing discretized hydrogen storage capacity.

[0010] The frequency-dQ distribution map is obtained by statistically analyzing the frequencies falling within each interval dQ.

[0011] The frequency of each interval is accumulated to the frequency of the adjacent interval that is greater than that interval to obtain the cumulative frequency-hydrogen storage capacity distribution map.

[0012] Based on the cumulative frequency-hydrogen storage capacity distribution diagram, the cumulative frequencies w1, w2...wn and the corresponding hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2...Qn are obtained;

[0013] The volume of the hydrogen storage device is obtained from the hydrogen storage capacity: V1 = Q1, V2 = Q2-Q1...Vn = Qn-Qn-1;

[0014] Where wn=1, Qn=Q=V.

[0015] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the step of counting the frequency falling within each interval according to the interval dQ specifically includes:

[0016] The hydrogen storage capacity is divided into k intervals from 0 to Q, and the length of each interval is dQ.

[0017] The frequency is calculated by counting the number of discrete data points falling within any dQ interval. The frequency of the dQ interval is obtained by calculating the ratio of the frequency to the total number of discrete data points.

[0018] Where Q = V, k = n.

[0019] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the values ​​of k and cumulative frequency w1, w2, ..., wn are selected according to the principle of optimal economic efficiency in investment and operation.

[0020] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the principle of optimal economic efficiency in investment and operation is as follows:

[0021] Min(c1*E1+c2*E2+c3*N)

[0022] Where: E1 is the total investment in the hydrogen storage device, including the pressurization equipment between each hydrogen storage device; E2 is the power consumption during the operation of each hydrogen storage device, including the power consumption of the pressurization equipment, which is related to the compressor operating conditions; N is the number of hydrogen storage and release cycles of the hydrogen storage device throughout its entire life cycle, and c1, c2, and c3 are the corresponding weighting factors.

[0023] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method for determining the pressure Pn of the hydrogen storage device includes:

[0024] Based on the discretized data of the hydrogen storage device's operating curve Qt, the discretized dataset △Qt of the hydrogen storage capacity is calculated.

[0025] The △QQ curve is obtained based on the discretized dataset △Qt and the running curve Qt. The △QQ curves are then arranged in order of increasing hydrogen storage capacity after discretization.

[0026] Based on the hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2, ..., Qn, we statistically analyze the discretized sets of △Q corresponding to the intervals Q1-Q2, Q2-Q3, ..., Qn-1-Qn in the △QQ dataset: {△Q2}...{△Qn}.

[0027] For each hydrogen storage unit with pressure Pn, the pressure difference between it and the next lower level hydrogen storage unit satisfies the requirement that the hydrogen flow rate from the higher level hydrogen storage unit to the lower level hydrogen storage unit during the transmission process satisfies the negative maximum value of {ΔQn}.

[0028] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the rated flow rate of the pressurization device between hydrogen storage device n-1 and hydrogen storage device n is equal to the positive maximum value of {ΔQn}.

[0029] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the step of calculating the discretized dataset ΔQt of the hydrogen storage capacity based on the discretized data of the operating curve Qt of the hydrogen storage device specifically includes:

[0030] The discretized data of the hydrogen storage device's operating curve Qt at time t is subtracted from the data at time t-1 to obtain the discretized change in hydrogen storage capacity ΔQ at time t. The discretized dataset ΔQt of the hydrogen storage and release is then statistically obtained.

[0031] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a control method for a hydrogen storage device, the control method being used to control the hydrogen storage device according to any of the above embodiments, the control method comprising:

[0032] During the hydrogen supply process, the advanced hydrogen storage unit is controlled to release hydrogen to the low-level hydrogen storage unit, and the regulating valve between two adjacent hydrogen storage units is opened step by step from the low-level to the advanced level.

[0033] During the hydrogen storage process, the lower-level hydrogen storage unit supplies hydrogen to the higher-level hydrogen storage unit. As the lower-level hydrogen storage unit reaches its rated pressure, the pressurization unit is activated step by step from the lower level to the higher level.

[0034] The hydrogen storage system and control method disclosed herein, in the hydrogen release process, hydrogen is released from the higher-level hydrogen storage device to the lower-level hydrogen storage device, that is, the regulating valves of the delivery pipeline are opened sequentially from the lower level to the higher level to maintain the pressure of the lower-level hydrogen storage device, thus maintaining the pressure balance of each hydrogen storage device throughout the hydrogen release process. In the hydrogen storage process, hydrogen is supplied from the lower-level hydrogen storage device to the higher-level hydrogen storage device, and the pressurization device is opened sequentially from the lower level to the higher level to bring the pressure of the higher-level hydrogen storage device to its rated value, thus maintaining the pressure balance of each hydrogen storage device throughout the hydrogen filling process. During the hydrogen filling and releasing process of the hydrogen storage system, the sequential filling and releasing of hydrogen can reduce the number of storage and release cycles of the hydrogen storage device, thereby avoiding significant impact on the hydrogen storage device, extending the service life of the hydrogen storage device, improving the stability and reliability of the hydrogen storage system, and simultaneously providing a stable hydrogen supply to downstream hydrogen-using systems. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen storage system according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 2 The diagram shows the Qt curve of the hydrogen storage system according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a frequency-SOH range diagram of a hydrogen storage system according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the cumulative frequency-SOH cumulative value of a hydrogen storage system according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0039] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0040] E represents the hydrogen production system; P represents the hydrogen consumption system; C represents the pressurization device; D represents the regulating valve; 1, 2, ..., n represent the hydrogen storage devices; and L represents the delivery pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, embodiments of this disclosure provide a hydrogen storage system, which includes at least two hydrogen storage devices F connected in series with a pressure gradient distribution. Adjacent hydrogen storage devices F are connected by a pressurizing device C. A delivery pipeline L is provided between adjacent devices. Each delivery pipeline L is equipped with a regulating valve D. The hydrogen storage device F with the lowest pressure among the at least two hydrogen storage devices F is used to connect a hydrogen production system E and a hydrogen consumption system P.

[0043] The hydrogen storage system of this disclosure, in the hydrogen release process, releases hydrogen from the higher-level hydrogen storage device F to the lower-level hydrogen storage device F, that is, sequentially opening the regulating valve D of the delivery pipeline L from the lower level to the higher level, so as to maintain the pressure of the lower-level hydrogen storage device F and maintain the pressure balance of each hydrogen storage device F throughout the hydrogen release process. In the hydrogen storage process, hydrogen is supplied from the lower-level hydrogen storage device F to the higher-level hydrogen storage device F, sequentially opening the pressurization device C from the lower level to the higher level, so as to bring the pressure of the higher-level hydrogen storage device F to the rated value, and maintain the pressure balance of each hydrogen storage device F throughout the hydrogen filling process. In the hydrogen filling and releasing process of the hydrogen storage system, the sequential filling and releasing of hydrogen can reduce the number of storage and release cycles of the hydrogen storage device F, thereby avoiding large impacts on the hydrogen storage device F, extending the service life of the hydrogen storage device F, improving the stability and reliability of the hydrogen storage system, and simultaneously providing a stable hydrogen supply to the downstream hydrogen consumption system P, ensuring the working environment of the compressor between the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogen consumption system P.

[0044] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the volume Vn of each hydrogen storage device F and the pressure Pn of each hydrogen storage device F are determined by the total volume V of the hydrogen storage devices F and the hydrogen storage operation curve Qt of the hydrogen storage devices F. The number of hydrogen storage devices F is also determined by the total volume V of the hydrogen storage devices F and the hydrogen storage operation curve Qt of the hydrogen storage devices F.

[0045] Specifically, the upstream of the hydrogen storage system includes a power generation system, a hydrogen production system E, and an energy storage battery. Downstream, a hydrogen consumption system P is located. These components form a cohesive working system. The power generation system supplies power to the hydrogen production system E, while the hydrogen storage system balances the hydrogen supply between E and P. The energy storage battery balances the electrical output between E and E, allocating power among the modules based on external electricity prices, hydrogen prices, and the operating costs of each system to achieve electrical balance within the system. The hydrogen storage device F supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen consumption system P via pipelines. A compressor can also be installed between F and P. The hydrogen consumption system P has specific hydrogen pressure and flow rate requirements, which are related to the hydrogen supply curve. The total volume V and the hydrogen storage operating curve Qt of the hydrogen storage system are determined using an economic optimization algorithm, taking into account the power generation curve of the power generation system, the hydrogen supply curve of the hydrogen consumption system, and the capacity and characteristics of the power generation system, hydrogen production system, hydrogen consumption system, and energy storage battery.

[0046] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method for determining the volume Vn of the hydrogen storage device includes:

[0047] Discretize the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage operation curve Qt of the hydrogen storage device, and then arrange them in order of increasing discretized hydrogen storage capacity.

[0048] For example, the hydrogen storage capacity Q for one year of operation of a hydrogen storage system is taken from 1 to 8760 hours, forming 8760 sets of discrete data. Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis of the operating curve is time (h), and the vertical axis is hydrogen storage state (SOH), where the hydrogen storage state (SOH) is the difference between the actual hydrogen storage volume in the hydrogen storage device and the rated volume of the hydrogen storage device.

[0049] After the data is discretized, it is arranged in order of hydrogen storage capacity from smallest to largest, that is, in order of hydrogen storage state from smallest to largest.

[0050] The frequency-dQ distribution map is obtained by statistically analyzing the frequencies falling within each interval dQ.

[0051] Specifically, the hydrogen storage capacity from 0 to Q is divided into k intervals, each with a length of dQ. The frequency is calculated by counting the number of discrete data points falling within any dQ interval. The ratio of this frequency to the total number of discrete data points yields the frequency of the dQ interval. A frequency-dQ distribution map is then obtained, where Q = V, meaning the hydrogen storage capacity Q is the total volume V of the hydrogen storage device, and k is the number of hydrogen storage devices n. For example,... Figure 3 As shown, the state of hydrogen storage (SOH) is divided into 8 intervals: SOH interval 0.2-0.3, SOH interval 0.3-0.4, SOH interval 0.4-0.5, SOH interval 0.5-0.6, SOH interval 0.6-0.7, SOH interval 0.7-0.8, SOH interval 0.8-0.9, and SOH interval 0.9-0.10. The number of discrete data falling within each interval is compared with the total number of discrete data to obtain the frequency of each interval, thus obtaining the frequency distribution map of the SOH interval.

[0052] The frequency of each interval is accumulated to the frequency of the adjacent interval that is greater than that interval to obtain the cumulative frequency-hydrogen storage capacity distribution map.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the frequencies in the 0.2-0.3 interval are taken as the frequencies of the cumulative SOH value of 0.3. The frequencies in the 0.2-0.3 interval are added to the 0.3-0.4 interval to obtain the frequencies of the 0.2-0.4 interval, which is the frequency of the cumulative SOH value of 0.4. The frequencies of the 0.2-0.3 interval and the 0.3-0.4 interval are added to the frequencies of the 0.4-0.5 interval to obtain the frequency of the cumulative SOH value of 0.5. The frequencies of the 0.2-0.3 interval, the 0.3-0.4 interval, and the 0.4-0.5 interval are then considered as the frequencies of the cumulative SOH value of 0.5. The frequencies in the intervals are accumulated to the frequencies in the 0.5-0.6 interval to obtain the frequency with a cumulative SOH value of 0.6... The frequencies in the 0.2-0.3 interval, 0.3-0.4 interval, 0.4-0.5 interval, 0.5-0.6 interval, 0.6-0.7 interval, 0.7-0.8 interval, and 0.8-0.9 interval are accumulated to the frequencies in the 0.9-1.0 interval to obtain the frequency with a cumulative SOH value of 1.0. This method is used to obtain the distribution chart of cumulative frequency and cumulative SOH value, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0054] Based on the cumulative frequency-hydrogen storage capacity distribution diagram, the cumulative frequencies w1, w2...wn and the corresponding hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2...Qn are obtained;

[0055] like Figure 4As shown, the cumulative SO values ​​of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 correspond to the cumulative frequencies w1, w2, w3, w4, w5, w6, w7, and w8, respectively. The cumulative SO values ​​of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 correspond to the hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8, respectively. The cumulative SO values ​​of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 show a gradually increasing trend, that is, the hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8 show a gradually increasing trend. The gradient hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8 can be obtained from the cumulative SOH values, corresponding to the cumulative frequencies w1, w2, w3, w4, w5, w6, w7, and w8, respectively, where wn = 1.

[0056] The volume of the hydrogen storage device is obtained from the hydrogen storage capacity: V1 = Q1, V2 = Q2 - Q1 ... Vn = Qn - Qn-1; where Qn = Q = V.

[0057] The volume of the hydrogen storage device can be obtained from the hydrogen storage capacity. The volume of the hydrogen storage device is: V1 = Q1, V2 = Q2-Q1...Vn = Qn-Qn-1, where Qn = Q = V, and w8 = Q = V in this embodiment.

[0058] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the values ​​of the segmentation number k and the cumulative frequency w1, w2, ..., wn are selected according to the principle of optimal economic efficiency in investment and operation.

[0059] Specifically, the principle of optimal economic efficiency in the investment and operation process is as follows:

[0060] Min(c1*E1+c2*E2+c3*N)

[0061] Where: E1 is the total investment of the hydrogen storage device, including the pressurization equipment between each hydrogen storage device; E2 is the power consumption of each hydrogen storage device during operation, including the power consumption of the pressurization equipment, which is related to the compressor operating condition; N is the number of hydrogen storage and release cycles of the hydrogen storage device in the whole life cycle. The more cycles, the greater the loss of the hydrogen storage unit. c1, c2, and c3 are the corresponding weighting factors.

[0062] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method for determining the pressure Pn of the hydrogen storage device includes:

[0063] Based on the discretized data of the hydrogen storage device's operating curve Qt, the discretized dataset △Qt of the hydrogen storage capacity is calculated.

[0064] Specifically, the discretized data of the hydrogen storage device's operating curve Qt at time t is subtracted from the data at time t-1 to obtain the discretized change value ΔQ of the hydrogen storage capacity at time t, and the discretized dataset ΔQt of the hydrogen storage and release is obtained statistically.

[0065] The discretized data of the discretized dataset △Qt and the running curve Qt are used to obtain the △QQ curve. The △QQ curves are then arranged in order of increasing hydrogen storage capacity after discretization.

[0066] Specifically, the discretized dataset △Qt and the discretized data of the running curve Qt are correlated in terms of time, that is, the horizontal and vertical axes of the discretized dataset △Qt correspond to the horizontal axis of the discretized data of the running curve Qt, so as to obtain the △QQ curve corresponding to the hydrogen storage capacity Q and △Q after discretization, where the hydrogen storage capacity Q is used as the horizontal axis and △Q is used as the vertical axis.

[0067] Then, the ΔQ curves are arranged sequentially according to the hydrogen storage capacity on the horizontal axis, from smallest to largest, to obtain the corresponding curves of the increasing hydrogen storage capacity and ΔQ.

[0068] Based on the hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2, ..., Qn, we statistically analyze the discretized sets of △Q corresponding to the intervals Q1-Q2, Q2-Q3, ..., Qn-1-Qn in the △QQ dataset: {△Q2}...{△Qn}.

[0069] Specifically, after arranging the ΔQQ curves in order of increasing hydrogen storage capacity along the horizontal axis, the hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2, ..., Qn increase sequentially. Subtracting the hydrogen storage capacity with the smallest value from the hydrogen storage capacity with the largest value, and simultaneously subtracting the ΔQ from the two hydrogen storage capacities with the smallest and largest values, we obtain the discretized set of ΔQ, namely the hydrogen storage capacities Q1-Q2, Q2-Q3, ..., Qn-1-Qn, which correspond to the discretized sets of ΔQ {ΔQ2}...{ΔQn}, respectively.

[0070] For each hydrogen storage unit's pressure Pn, the pressure difference between it and the next lower-level hydrogen storage unit satisfies the requirement that the hydrogen flow rate from the higher-level hydrogen storage unit to the lower-level hydrogen storage unit during the transmission process satisfies the negative maximum value of {ΔQn}, i.e., from Q... n-1 To Q n Maximum hydrogen storage rate during the accumulation of reserves.

[0071] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the rated flow rate of the pressurization device between hydrogen storage device n-1 and hydrogen storage device n is equal to the positive maximum value of {ΔQn}, i.e., from Q n To Q n-1 The maximum rate of hydrogen release during the depletion of reserves.

[0072] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a control method for a hydrogen storage device. The control method is used to control a hydrogen storage device according to any of the above embodiments, and includes:

[0073] During the hydrogen supply process, the advanced hydrogen storage unit is controlled to release hydrogen to the low-level hydrogen storage unit, and the regulating valve between two adjacent hydrogen storage units is opened sequentially from 2, 3, ..., n.

[0074] During the hydrogen storage process, the lower-level hydrogen storage unit supplies hydrogen to the higher-level hydrogen storage unit. As the lower-level hydrogen storage unit reaches its rated pressure, the pressurization unit is activated sequentially from level 2, level 3, ..., level n.

[0075] Specifically, by controlling the release of hydrogen from the advanced hydrogen storage unit to the lower-level hydrogen storage unit—that is, by sequentially opening the regulating valves of pipelines from level 2, 3, ..., n—the pressure of the lower-level hydrogen storage unit is maintained, thus ensuring pressure balance among the hydrogen storage units throughout the entire hydrogen release process. Similarly, by controlling the supply of hydrogen from the lower-level hydrogen storage unit to the advanced hydrogen storage unit, and by sequentially opening the pressurization devices from level 2, 3, ..., n as the lower-level hydrogen storage unit reaches its rated pressure, the pressure of the higher-level hydrogen storage unit is brought to its rated value, maintaining pressure balance among the hydrogen storage units throughout the entire hydrogen charging process. This step-by-step charging and discharging process reduces the number of hydrogen storage and discharging cycles, thereby avoiding significant impact on the hydrogen storage units, extending their service life, and improving the stability and reliability of the hydrogen storage system. Simultaneously, it provides a stable hydrogen supply to the downstream hydrogen-consuming system, ensuring a suitable operating environment for the compressors between the hydrogen storage and consuming systems.

[0076] It should be noted that, since the multiple hydrogen storage devices in the hydrogen storage system are distributed in an increasing order of pressure (i.e., an increasing order of hydrogen storage volume), the lower-level hydrogen storage devices are those with lower hydrogen storage pressure or smaller hydrogen storage volume in the entire hydrogen storage system, while the higher-level hydrogen storage devices are those with higher hydrogen storage pressure or larger hydrogen storage volume in the entire hydrogen storage system. Furthermore, the pressurization device in this embodiment is a compressor.

[0077] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage system, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage system includes: At least two hydrogen storage devices are connected in series with a pressure gradient distribution. Adjacent hydrogen storage devices are connected by a pressurizing device. A delivery pipeline is provided between adjacent devices. Each delivery pipeline is equipped with a regulating valve. The hydrogen storage device with the lowest pressure among the at least two hydrogen storage devices is used to connect the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen consumption system. The volume Vn of each hydrogen storage device and the pressure Pn of each hydrogen storage device are determined by the total volume V of the hydrogen storage devices and the hydrogen storage operation curve Qt of the hydrogen storage devices. The method for determining the volume Vn of the hydrogen storage device includes: Discretize the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage operation curve Qt of the hydrogen storage device, and then arrange them in order of increasing discretized hydrogen storage capacity. The frequency-dQ distribution map is obtained by statistically analyzing the frequencies falling within each interval dQ. The frequency of each interval is accumulated to the frequency of the adjacent interval that is greater than that interval to obtain the cumulative frequency-hydrogen storage capacity distribution map. Based on the cumulative frequency-hydrogen storage capacity distribution diagram, the cumulative frequencies w1, w2...wn and the corresponding hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2...Qn are obtained; The volume of the hydrogen storage device is obtained from the hydrogen storage capacity: V1=Q1, V2=Q2-Q1……Vn=Qn-Qn-1; Where wn=1, Qn=Q=V; The method for determining the pressure Pn of the hydrogen storage device includes: Based on the discretized data of the hydrogen storage device's operating curve Qt, the discretized dataset △Qt of the hydrogen storage capacity is calculated. The discretized data of the discretized dataset △Qt and the running curve Qt are used to obtain the △QQ curve. The △QQ curves are then arranged in order of increasing hydrogen storage capacity after discretization. Based on the hydrogen storage capacities Q1, Q2, ..., Qn, we statistically analyze the discretized sets of △Q corresponding to the intervals Q1-Q2, Q2-Q3, ..., Qn-1-Qn in the △QQ dataset: {△Q2}...{△Qn}. For each hydrogen storage unit with pressure Pn, the pressure difference between it and the next lower level hydrogen storage unit satisfies the requirement that the hydrogen flow rate from the higher level hydrogen storage unit to the lower level hydrogen storage unit during the transmission process satisfies the negative maximum value of {ΔQn}.

2. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of calculating the frequency falling within each interval according to the interval dQ specifically includes: The hydrogen storage capacity is divided into k intervals from 0 to Q, and the length of each interval is dQ. The frequency is calculated by counting the number of discrete data points falling within any dQ interval. The frequency of the dQ interval is obtained by calculating the ratio of the frequency to the total number of discrete data points. Where Q=V, k=n.

3. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The values ​​of k and the cumulative frequency are w1, w2, ..., w n The selection is based on the principle of optimal economic efficiency in investment and operation.

4. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The principle of optimal economic efficiency in investment and operation is as follows: Min(c1*E1+c2*E2+c3*N) Where: E1 is the total investment in the hydrogen storage device, including the pressurization equipment between each hydrogen storage device; E2 is the power consumption during the operation of each hydrogen storage device, including the power consumption of the pressurization equipment, which is related to the compressor operating conditions; N is the number of hydrogen storage and release cycles of the hydrogen storage device throughout its entire life cycle, and c1, c2, and c3 are the corresponding weighting factors.

5. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rated flow rate of the pressurization equipment between hydrogen storage device n-1 and hydrogen storage device n is equal to the positive maximum value of {△Qn}.

6. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of calculating the discretized dataset △Qt of hydrogen storage capacity based on the discretized data of the hydrogen storage device's operating curve Qt specifically includes: The discretized data of the hydrogen storage device's operating curve Qt at time t is subtracted from the data at time t-1 to obtain the discretized change in hydrogen storage capacity ΔQ at time t. The discretized dataset ΔQt of the hydrogen storage and release is then statistically obtained.

7. A control method for a hydrogen storage system, characterized in that, The control method for the hydrogen storage system is used to control the hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the control method comprising: During the hydrogen supply process, the advanced hydrogen storage unit is controlled to release hydrogen to the low-level hydrogen storage unit, and the regulating valve between two adjacent hydrogen storage units is opened step by step from the low-level to the advanced level. During the hydrogen storage process, the lower-level hydrogen storage unit supplies hydrogen to the higher-level hydrogen storage unit. As the lower-level hydrogen storage unit reaches its rated pressure, the pressurization unit is activated step by step from the lower level to the higher level.

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