A charging method for improving highway passing efficiency based on Internet of Vehicles

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on vehicle networking's charging method for improving highway traffic efficiency, comprising: cloud management platform is connected with after vehicle enters highway, receives basic state information and driving state information from vehicle;According to the basic state information of vehicle, the basic charging unit price in the preset initial driving mileage of vehicle is calculated;According to the speed of vehicle and the speed limit information of the highway section where it is located, the charging unit price is calculated, the charging unit price is multiplied by driving mileage to obtain the highway driving cost of this time period, the highway driving cost of each time period and the highway driving cost of initial driving mileage of vehicle are added to obtain the total driving cost of vehicle.The application forces the driver of slow car to increase speed or to a certain extent to punish slow car occupying fast lane, so as to reduce the congestion of highway, improve traffic efficiency, solve the problem that the actual passing capacity of highway is far lower than the traffic capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field, specifically relating to a tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the demands of technological progress and social development, the demand for passenger and freight transportation is constantly increasing, placing greater traffic pressure on highways and bringing about numerous traffic problems, such as traffic congestion and traffic safety, which constrain sustainable social development. In actual highway operation, traffic volume is often far less than the designed capacity, yet congestion still occurs, leading to a severe reduction in highway capacity. Related research indicates that when slow-moving vehicles mix with fast-moving vehicles, the slower vehicles interfere with the faster ones, preventing them from traveling at their intended speeds, thus resulting in a traffic phenomenon where the actual capacity falls short of the designed capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, thereby forcing drivers who drive slowly to increase their speed or imposing certain penalties on slow vehicles that occupy the fast lane, thereby alleviating highway congestion, improving traffic efficiency, and solving the problem that the actual capacity of highways is far lower than their actual capacity.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, comprising:

[0005] The cloud management platform establishes a connection with the vehicle after it enters the highway, and receives basic status information and driving status information from the vehicle.

[0006] Calculate the basic toll unit price for the vehicle within the preset initial mileage based on the vehicle's basic status information;

[0007] After the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage, the vehicle's speed is compared with the speed limit information of the highway section at regular intervals to determine whether the vehicle's speed during that time period is lower than the minimum speed limit of the highway section. Based on the determination result, the toll unit price of the mileage traveled during that time period is calculated, and the toll unit price is multiplied by the mileage to obtain the highway driving fee for that time period.

[0008] The total driving cost of the vehicle is obtained by adding the highway driving costs for each time period and the highway driving costs for the initial mileage.

[0009] The safe following distance for a given time period is determined based on the vehicle's basic status information and its speed over that time period.

[0010] If there are other vehicles ahead of the vehicle at the safe following distance during this time period, the toll per unit distance traveled by the vehicle during this time period will be calculated based on the basic toll per unit price.

[0011] The method for calculating the unit price after the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, a n Let a1 be the base toll rate for the distance traveled in the nth time period, and v be the base toll rate. n v represents the vehicle's speed during that time period. limit1 v limit2 These are the minimum and maximum speed limits for vehicles on the highway during that time period.

[0014] The method for calculating a safe following distance is as follows:

[0015] S safe =v(t)·T safe +S min

[0016] Among them, S safe Let v(t) be the safe following distance for a vehicle within a certain time period, and let T be the vehicle speed within that time period. safe For a safe time interval, S min This is the following distance when stationary. The default safe following distance is 3 seconds, and the default following distance when stationary is 2 meters.

[0017] The total driving cost C of the vehicle is expressed as:

[0018] C = C1 + C2 + ... + C n = a1*S1 + a2*S2 + ... + a n *s n

[0019] Where C1 is the highway driving cost in the preset initial driving distance s1, and C2 is the highway driving cost in the second time period driving distance s2. n Let s be the distance traveled by the vehicle in the nth time period. n The toll for highway travel within the medium-speed zone is calculated as follows: a1 is the base toll rate, and a2 is the toll rate for the distance traveled in the second time period. n The unit price is the mileage charged within the nth time period.

[0020] The basic status information of a vehicle includes at least its length, width, and height, and the driving status information includes at least its position, speed, and acceleration.

[0021] It also provides a tolling system based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology to improve highway traffic efficiency, including an in-vehicle connected communication terminal and a cloud management platform; wherein,

[0022] The vehicle-mounted network communication terminal is installed in the vehicle and is used to interact with the cloud management platform and the vehicle-mounted network communication terminals of other vehicles.

[0023] A cloud management platform stores a tolling method for improving highway traffic efficiency based on the Internet of Vehicles as described in claim 1, and calculates the total driving cost of vehicles using this method.

[0024] The cloud management platform includes a storage module, an information processing module, and a communication module.

[0025] The communication module is used to establish a connection between the cloud management platform and each vehicle and to enable data interaction;

[0026] The storage module stores a tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, as well as basic vehicle status information and driving status information.

[0027] The information processing module is used to calculate the basic toll unit price of the vehicle within the preset initial mileage based on the vehicle's basic status information.

[0028] After the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage, the vehicle's speed is compared with the speed limit information of the highway section at regular intervals to determine whether the vehicle's speed during that time period is lower than the minimum speed limit of the highway section. Based on the determination result, the toll unit price of the mileage traveled during that time period is calculated, and the toll unit price is multiplied by the mileage to obtain the highway driving fee for that time period.

[0029] The total driving cost of the vehicle is obtained by adding the highway driving costs for each time period and the highway driving costs for the initial mileage.

[0030] The safe following distance for a given time period is determined based on the vehicle's basic status information and its speed over that time period.

[0031] If there are other vehicles ahead of the vehicle at the safe following distance during this time period, the toll per unit distance traveled by the vehicle during this time period will be calculated based on the basic toll per unit price.

[0032] The vehicle is also equipped with a positioning module and a drive-by-wire chassis. The positioning module is used to obtain the vehicle's driving status information and send it to the vehicle-mounted network communication terminal.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] This invention compares vehicle speed with the speed limit information of the highway at regular intervals and calculates the toll price for that time period. This forces slow drivers to increase their speed or imposes penalties on slow vehicles that occupy the fast lane, thereby reducing highway congestion and improving traffic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a tolling system for improving highway traffic efficiency based on the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is an architecture diagram of a toll collection system for improving highway traffic efficiency based on the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the communication between the vehicle-mounted connected communication terminal and the cloud management platform in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a tolling method for improving highway traffic efficiency based on the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0041] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, such as... Figure 1 The following are included:

[0044] The cloud management platform establishes a connection with the vehicle after it enters the highway and receives basic status information and driving status information from the vehicle. The basic status information of the vehicle includes at least the length, width and height of the vehicle, and the driving status information includes at least the position, speed and acceleration.

[0045] Calculate the basic toll unit price for the vehicle within the preset initial mileage based on the vehicle's basic status information;

[0046] After the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage, the vehicle's speed is compared with the speed limit information of the highway section at regular intervals to determine whether the vehicle's speed during that time period is lower than the minimum speed limit of the highway section. Based on the determination result, the toll unit price of the mileage traveled during that time period is calculated, and the toll unit price is multiplied by the mileage to obtain the highway driving fee for that time period.

[0047] The total driving cost of the vehicle is obtained by adding the highway driving costs for each time period and the highway driving costs for the initial mileage.

[0048] When a vehicle first enters the highway, its speed is relatively low, and the speed limit at the highway entrance ramp is also relatively low. Therefore, this scheme sets the initial travel distance s1 upon entering the highway, the system only charges based on the vehicle's mileage. The cloud management platform CSU calculates the basic toll per kilometer as a1 based on the vehicle's basic status information (including but not limited to vehicle length, width, height, and unique identification information). Therefore, the cost for this section of the highway is C1 = a1 * s1. After the vehicle's mileage exceeds s1, the CSU obtains the speed limit information v for that section based on the location information uploaded by the vehicle's onboard unit (OBU). limit1 ~v limit2 During vehicle operation, the OBU automatically uploads the vehicle's mileage s2 every certain time interval T. Therefore, the vehicle's speed during this time interval is v = s2 / T. The vehicle's speed v on this road segment cannot exceed the maximum speed limit v. limit2 The driving speed is v limit1 ~v limit2 Between these points, the unit price per kilometer is a1. When the vehicle speed v is lower than v... limit1 The unit price 'a' is:

[0049]

[0050] The cost of the highway trip is: C2 = a * s2. The last recorded mileage before the vehicle exits the highway is s. n The travel time is T. n If the distance traveled by the vehicle in that segment is v, then the vehicle's speed is v. n Based on the above calculation method, we can conclude that:

[0051]

[0052] Then C n =a n *s n The total cost of driving on the highway is C = C1 + C2 + ... + C n = a1*s1 + a2*s2 + ... + a n *s nWhere C1 is the highway driving cost of the vehicle during the preset initial driving distance s1, and C2 is the highway driving cost of the vehicle during the second time period driving distance s2. n Let s be the distance traveled by the vehicle in the nth time period. n The toll for highway travel within the medium-speed zone is calculated as follows: a1 is the base toll rate, and a2 is the toll rate for the distance traveled in the second time period. n The unit price is the mileage charged within the nth time period.

[0053] The safe following distance for a given time period is determined based on the vehicle's basic status information and its speed over that time period.

[0054] If there are other vehicles ahead of the vehicle at the safe following distance during this time period, the toll per unit distance traveled by the vehicle during this time period will be calculated based on the basic toll per unit price.

[0055] When the vehicle in front is traveling too slowly (e.g., in a traffic jam, during a traffic accident, or when the vehicle in front is traveling at a low speed), causing your vehicle's speed to fall below v... limit1 Firstly, the additional costs should not be borne by this vehicle; secondly, since the speed of this vehicle affects the speed of other vehicles, the additional costs should be borne by this vehicle. Therefore, determining whether the low speed of this vehicle is caused by the influence of other vehicles, or whether the speed of this vehicle affects the driving efficiency of other vehicles, is also the goal of this research.

[0056] When there are other vehicles in front of a vehicle, a safe following distance S must be maintained between vehicles. safe This variable is determined by the current vehicle speed v(t) and the safe distance T. safe (System settings based on vehicle performance) and following distance S when stationary min The decision specifies that the safe following distance is preset to 3 seconds by default, and the following distance when stationary is preset to 2 meters by default, as shown in the following formula:

[0057] S safe =v(t)·T safe +S min

[0058] (5) When in s n Within the driving range, the vehicle's speed v <v limit1 At that time, both the CSU and OBU recognized the S-shaped path in front of the vehicle. safe The method calculates whether there are other vehicles within the distance as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0059] ①If there are other vehicles, the unit price 'a' for that vehicle during that period will still be charged according to a1;

[0060] ② If there are no other vehicles, the slow speed is due to the vehicle itself, and the OBU and CSU identify the nearest vehicle behind it, the RV. n1 Obtain RV n1 driving speed v RVn1 and RV n1 The distance to this vehicle is S RVn1 .

[0061] A) If S RVn1 >S safe At that time, the vehicle RV n1 The additional highway tolls incurred are due to the vehicle's own reasons, and the vehicle will not bear these additional costs; that is, C = C1 + C2 + ... + C n = a1*s1 + a2*s2 + ... + a n *s n .

[0062] b) If S RVn1 ≤S safe At that time, the vehicle RV n1 The additional highway tolls incurred due to the vehicle's slow speed will be borne by this vehicle owner. Then, the vehicle RV selection process will continue. n1 The closest vehicle behind is an RV. n2 Until the last affected RV is identified. nm RV m mileage s n The additional cost is C RVnm =(a RVnm -a1)s n ,a RVnm According to the calculation of a in the second stage n Calculated in this way, then C n =a n *s n +C RVn1 +C RVn2 +…+C RVnm That is, C = C1 + C2 + ... + C n .

[0063] The above embodiments can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that stores executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] It also provides a tolling system based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, including an in-vehicle connected communication terminal and a cloud management platform, such as... Figure 2 As shown; where,

[0066] The vehicle-mounted network communication terminal is installed in the vehicle and is used to interact with the cloud management platform and the vehicle-mounted network communication terminals of other vehicles.

[0067] A cloud management platform stores a tolling method for improving highway traffic efficiency based on the Internet of Vehicles as described in claim 1, and calculates the total driving cost of vehicles using this method.

[0068] The cloud management platform includes a storage module, an information processing module, and a communication module.

[0069] The communication module is used to establish a connection between the cloud management platform and each vehicle and to enable data interaction;

[0070] The storage module stores a tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, as well as basic vehicle status information and driving status information.

[0071] The information processing module is used to calculate the basic toll unit price of the vehicle within the preset initial mileage based on the vehicle's basic status information.

[0072] After the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage, the vehicle's speed is compared with the speed limit information of the highway section at regular intervals to determine whether the vehicle's speed during that time period is lower than the minimum speed limit of the highway section. Based on the determination result, the toll unit price of the mileage traveled during that time period is calculated, and the toll unit price is multiplied by the mileage to obtain the highway driving fee for that time period.

[0073] The total driving cost of the vehicle is obtained by adding the highway driving costs for each time period and the highway driving costs for the initial mileage.

[0074] Upon arrival at the highway entrance, the OBU requests a connection with the CSU, sending the user's unique ID / password. The CSU matches the received user information against its database. If a match is successful, the CSU creates a session for that user and simultaneously sends a connection success signal to the OBU. After successful connection, the vehicle enters self-test mode to check if all vehicle systems are functioning correctly and if the connection between the OBU and CSU is stable (communication quality is good). The vehicle obtains its location information using onboard inertial navigation, GPS, and other positioning devices. Then, through the OBU, it uploads its basic status information (including but not limited to vehicle length, width, height, and unique vehicle identifier) ​​and driving status information (including but not limited to location, speed, and acceleration) to the CSU. This workflow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0075] The safe following distance for a given time period is determined based on the vehicle's basic status information and its speed over that time period.

[0076] If there are other vehicles ahead of the vehicle at the safe following distance during this time period, the toll per unit distance traveled by the vehicle during this time period will be calculated based on the basic toll per unit price.

[0077] The vehicle is also equipped with a positioning module and a drive-by-wire chassis. The positioning module acquires the vehicle's driving status information and sends it to the onboard network communication terminal. The On-Board Unit (OBU) interacts with other vehicle OBUs and the Control Unit (CSU) via the CAN bus and can control the drive-by-wire chassis. The drive-by-wire chassis refers to the ability to control the vehicle's drive, gear shift, braking, steering, parking, and necessary indicator lights via the CAN bus, and the vehicle can provide accurate and timely status feedback. The cloud management platform (CSU) includes an information storage module, an information processing module, and a communication module. The information storage module records and saves the vehicle status information uploaded by the OBU. The information processing module calculates the highway toll based on the recorded and uploaded vehicle status information. The communication module interacts with the OBU for data exchange, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks to improve highway traffic efficiency, characterized in that... include: The cloud management platform establishes a connection with the vehicle after it enters the highway, and receives basic status information and driving status information from the vehicle. Calculate the basic toll unit price for the vehicle within the preset initial mileage based on the vehicle's basic status information; The preset initial driving mileage is used to avoid vehicles being mistakenly penalized due to the low speed limit at the entrance ramp when they first enter the highway. After the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage, the vehicle's speed is compared with the speed limit information of the highway section at regular intervals to determine whether the vehicle's speed during that time period is lower than the minimum speed limit of the highway section. Based on the determination result, the toll unit price of the mileage traveled during that time period is calculated, and the toll unit price is multiplied by the mileage to obtain the highway driving fee for that time period. The method for calculating the unit price after the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage is as follows: in, Let $\frac{ ... Basic unit price, This represents the vehicle speed during that time period. , These are the minimum and maximum speed limits for vehicles on the highway during that time period, respectively. The safe following distance for a given time period is determined based on the vehicle's basic status information and its speed over that time period. When the vehicle travels a certain distance in the nth time period Within the range, the speed of this vehicle If there are other vehicles within the safe following distance of a vehicle during this time period, the toll unit price for the mileage traveled by the vehicle during this time period will be calculated based on the basic toll unit price. The method for calculating a safe following distance is as follows: in, The safe following distance for a vehicle within a certain time period. This represents the vehicle speed during that time period. For safety time intervals, This refers to the following distance when the vehicle is stationary. The total driving cost of the vehicle is obtained by adding the highway driving cost for each time period and the highway driving cost for the initial mileage. Total vehicle driving cost Represented as: in, For the vehicle to travel at a preset initial mileage Highway toll fees for driving in China. The vehicle's mileage during the second time period Highway toll fees for driving in China. The distance traveled by the vehicle in the nth time period Highway toll fees for driving in China. Basic unit price, The unit price is based on the mileage traveled during the second time period. The unit price is the mileage charged within the nth time period.

2. The tolling method for improving highway traffic efficiency based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The basic status information of a vehicle includes at least its length, width, and height, and the driving status information includes at least its position, speed, and acceleration.

3. A tolling system based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, characterized in that: This includes in-vehicle connected communication terminals and cloud management platforms; among which, The vehicle-mounted network communication terminal is installed in the vehicle and is used to interact with the cloud management platform and the vehicle-mounted network communication terminals of other vehicles. A cloud management platform stores a tolling method for improving highway traffic efficiency based on the Internet of Vehicles as described in claim 1, and calculates the total driving cost of vehicles using this method.

4. A tolling system for improving highway traffic efficiency based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The cloud management platform includes a storage module, an information processing module, and a communication module. The communication module is used to establish a connection between the cloud management platform and each vehicle and to enable data interaction; The storage module stores a tolling method based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) to improve highway traffic efficiency, as well as basic vehicle status information and driving status information. The information processing module is used to calculate the basic toll unit price of the vehicle within the preset initial mileage based on the vehicle's basic status information. After the vehicle's mileage exceeds the initial mileage, the vehicle's speed is compared with the speed limit information of the highway section at regular intervals to determine whether the vehicle's speed during that time period is lower than the minimum speed limit of the highway section. Based on the determination result, the toll unit price of the mileage traveled during that time period is calculated, and the toll unit price is multiplied by the mileage to obtain the highway driving fee for that time period. The total driving cost of the vehicle is obtained by adding the highway driving costs for each time period and the highway driving costs for the initial mileage.

5. A tolling system for improving highway traffic efficiency based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The safe following distance for a given time period is determined based on the vehicle's basic status information and its speed over that time period. If there are other vehicles ahead of the vehicle at the safe following distance during this time period, the toll per unit distance traveled by the vehicle during this time period will be calculated based on the basic toll per unit price.

6. A tolling system for improving highway traffic efficiency based on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The vehicle is also equipped with a positioning module and a drive-by-wire chassis. The positioning module is used to obtain the vehicle's driving status information and send it to the vehicle-mounted network communication terminal.

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