Infiltration flow training system and water weir meter calibration method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of seepage flow practical training system and water measuring weir meter calibration method, including weir groove, weir plate, water tank, inlet pipe, drain pipe, regulating pump, water measuring weir meter, multiple measuring devices, temperature control module, reading scale and timing module, weir plate is detachably sealed and assembled in weir groove, and weir plate is divided into first slot and second slot by weir groove;Inlet pipe is connected between water tank and first slot, drain pipe is connected between water tank and second slot;Regulating pump is arranged in inlet pipe and is used to pump water in water tank into first slot;Water measuring weir meter and multiple measuring devices are all arranged in first slot, temperature control module is arranged in first slot, and temperature control module is used to realize water temperature regulation in weir groove;Reading scale and timing module are all arranged in second slot.The seepage flow practical training system of the application realizes the simulation of the operation scene of drainage ditch in the practical training room, reduces the influence of field operation training on seepage monitoring system, and also facilitates the test of seepage flow calculation, water measuring weir meter and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dam monitoring training technology, specifically to a seepage flow training system and a method for calibrating a water-measuring weir. Background Technology

[0002] The safe and stable operation of dams during the operation of large hydropower stations is of paramount importance. At present, strengthening the safety monitoring of dam seepage, displacement and other factors and carrying out timely analysis and judgment of monitoring data are the foundational work for accurately grasping the safety status of dams and ensuring the safe operation of dams to guarantee power generation benefits.

[0003] Seepage flow monitoring is one of the main contents of safety monitoring during the operation of hydropower station dams. Its measurement data, "seepage flow", is an important indicator of the dam's operation during the operation period, and also the most intuitive basis for the safety and stability analysis of the dam during operation.

[0004] Currently, there is no complete set of seepage monitoring training equipment in the training room. Technical training for hydraulic engineering observers is generally carried out on-site in places such as dam galleries. This training method has the following problems:

[0005] (1) The on-site environment of the water measuring weirs in the dam corridor and other parts is poor, making it extremely inconvenient to conduct on-site training for seepage flow measurement. Frequent on-site training can easily cause gross errors in the monitoring data, affecting the stability and reliability of seepage flow measurement.

[0006] (2) Since the on-site equipment is mainly for meeting the observation needs, there are no redundant facilities specifically for practical training. It is not capable of carrying out training projects such as different types of weir plates, manual and automated measurement methods, and zero head measurement.

[0007] (3) During on-site training, since the measuring needle, water measuring weir, water measuring weir plate and other equipment and facilities have been strictly calibrated, if the equipment is disturbed due to improper operation, the accuracy of the equipment will be affected. Furthermore, when conducting the analysis of the impact on measurement accuracy, it can only remain at the theoretical stage and cannot be carried out on-site. Therefore, when conducting relevant training, it cannot bring trainees a more intuitive experience.

[0008] (4) The water flow in the drainage ditch of the dam corridor cannot be controlled in a timely and effective manner, and the accuracy of the automated water measurement weir cannot be verified by artificially changing the operating conditions.

[0009] (5) The instrument parameters of the automated water measuring weir are generally given in the laboratory when the instrument leaves the factory. The conditions for calibration are not available on site. As the instrument runs for longer, the actual instrument parameters may deviate from the laboratory calibration values, which will lead to errors in the instrument measurement. In order to improve the accuracy of the instrument measurement, it is necessary to verify the instrument parameters without replacing the instrument. However, there is a problem of inconvenience in verification on site. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0011] To address this, this invention proposes a seepage flow training system. This system simulates the operation of drainage ditches in a training room, reducing the impact of on-site practical training on the seepage monitoring system and facilitating experiments on seepage flow calculation, water measuring weirs, etc.

[0012] This invention also proposes a method for calibrating a water measuring weir.

[0013] The seepage flow training system of this invention includes:

[0014] A weir trough and a weir plate, wherein the weir plate is detachably and sealed within the weir trough, and the weir plate divides the weir trough into a first trough and a second trough;

[0015] A water tank, an inlet pipe, and a drain pipe, wherein the inlet pipe is connected between the water tank and the first tank, and the drain pipe is connected between the water tank and the second tank;

[0016] A regulating pump is installed in the inlet pipe and is used to pump water from the water tank to the first trough.

[0017] The system includes a water-measuring weir gauge and multiple measuring devices, all of which are located within the first trough. The water-measuring weir gauge is used to automatically measure the water head above the weir and calculate the seepage flow. Each measuring device is used for manual measurement of the water head above the weir.

[0018] A temperature control module is provided in the first tank and is used to regulate the water temperature in the tank.

[0019] The reading scale and the timing module are both located in the second slot. The reading scale and the timing module are used to measure the seepage flow of the volumetric valve.

[0020] In some embodiments, a vent pipe is included, which is disposed in the first tank and communicates with the inner cavity of the first tank. The vent pipe is provided with a vent valve, the water inlet pipe is provided with a check valve, and the drain pipe is provided with a control valve.

[0021] In some embodiments, the measuring device is a probe, a gauge, or a liquid level sensor;

[0022] And / or, the water tank is provided with an inspection hole, which is located on the top wall of the water tank.

[0023] In some embodiments, in a direction orthogonal to the weir plate, the length dimension of the first trough is greater than the length dimension of the second trough, and the water measuring weir gauge and the plurality of measuring devices are all disposed on the same trough wall of the first trough and arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first trough.

[0024] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the weir groove is provided with a slot, the groove wall is provided with a sealing element, and the weir plate is embedded in the sealing element to achieve a sealed assembly of the weir plate and the weir groove.

[0025] In some embodiments, the use includes the following steps:

[0026] After assembling the weir plate, pour water into the first trough until the water level is flush with the weir opening on the weir plate;

[0027] Open the inlet pipe and start the regulating pump to supply water to the first tank, and at the same time connect the drain pipe between the water tank and the second tank to realize the circulation of water flow between the weir and the water tank.

[0028] In some embodiments, determining the seepage flow rate includes the following steps:

[0029] The seepage flow rate Q is calculated using the weir method or the volumetric method.

[0030] The water measuring weir method includes the following steps:

[0031] A1: The height h of the water head on the weir is measured by the weir gauge and / or multiple measuring devices;

[0032] A2: Substitute the determined height h into the set formula to calculate the seepage flow rate Q;

[0033] The volumetric method includes the following steps:

[0034] B1: Close the drain pipe and switch the water in the weir to zero head.

[0035] B2: Start the regulating pump and wait for the flow rate to stabilize. Then, measure the water level heights h1 and h2 in the first tank at two time points t1 and t2, respectively.

[0036] B3: Determine the length L and width W of the weir channel;

[0037] B4: The seepage flow rate Q is calculated using the following formula:

[0038] Q = ((h2-h1)*L*W) / (t2-t1).

[0039] The water measuring weir calibration method of this invention includes the following steps:

[0040] The water inflow into the first trough is adjusted by regulating the pump to change the water head above the weir in the trough.

[0041] The artificial head difference ΔH under steady flow conditions was measured respectively. 人 The automated head difference ΔH measured by the water gauge and weir gauge 自 ;

[0042] By comparing the artificial head difference ΔH 人 And automated head difference ΔH 自 This is to enable the calibration of the water measuring weir.

[0043] The water measuring weir calibration method of this invention includes the following steps:

[0044] The water inflow into the first tank is adjusted by regulating the pump to change the water flow rate within the weir.

[0045] The flow difference of the regulating pump under stable flow conditions and the flow difference of the automated flow measured by the measuring weir gauge were measured respectively.

[0046] The flow rate difference between the digital display of the regulating pump and the automatic flow rate difference is used to verify the flow rate of the measuring weir.

[0047] The water measuring weir calibration method of this invention, wherein the water measuring weir is a vibrating wire water measuring weir, and the calibration method includes the following steps:

[0048] The water inflow into the first trough is adjusted by regulating the pump to change the water head above the weir in the trough.

[0049] The water head above the weir, H1 and H2, is measured manually twice. At the same time, the current reading M1 of the measuring weir and the temperature module reading T1 when the water head above the weir is H1 are measured, and the current reading M2 of the measuring weir and the temperature module reading T2 when the water head above the weir is H2 are measured.

[0050] Calculate the difference ΔH between the water heads H1 and H2 above the weir, and then obtain the instrument parameter G of the measuring weir using the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] Beneficial effects: (1) The seepage training system of the present invention restores the operation scenario of the seepage monitoring facility of the dam corridor drainage ditch in the training room, and brings the complex on-site training into the training room, reducing the impact of on-site practical training on the normal operation of the seepage monitoring system.

[0053] (2) The water circulation supply and drainage balance of the entire training system was achieved by operating the flow regulating pump and the drainage regulating valve.

[0054] (3) The flexible water flow control of the seepage training system provides three new ideas and methods for the accuracy verification of the measured values ​​of the automated water weir and the verification of instrument parameters: water level, flow rate and volume. This verification method eliminates the influence of the error of the initial measured values ​​M0 and T0 of the instrument. The verification method is convenient, efficient and accurate. Instruments that do not meet the requirements on site can be directly transferred to the training room for verification.

[0055] (4) When the initial verification found that the accuracy of the measured value of the automated water measuring weir did not meet the requirements, the instrument’s factory parameters G could be further verified by flexibly controlling the water level and temperature. This also provides a new idea and method for the on-site calibration of the automated water measuring weir. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the seepage flow training system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the weir plate and the weir opening as a right-angled triangle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure label:

[0059] 1-Weir; 2-Weir plate; 3-Slot; 4-Seal; 5-Spiking needle; 6-Water gauge; 7-Level sensor; 8-Water level gauge; 9-Temperature control module; 10-Vent valve; 11-Check valve; 12-Inlet pipe; 13-Water circulation system control box; 14-Regulating pump; 15-Water tank; 16-Inspection hole; 17-Drain pipe; 18-Control valve; 19-Reading ruler; 20-Timing module; 21-Vent pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0061] This invention is based on the inventor's discoveries and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0062] To monitor seepage flow during the operation of hydropower station dams, the common practice in China is to install measuring weirs in the drainage ditches within the dam gallery. Different types of measuring weirs (triangular weirs are used when the flow rate is 1L / S-30L / S, and rectangular or trapezoidal weirs are used when the flow rate is greater than 30L / S) can be selected based on the magnitude of the seepage flow. The measuring weir can be used for both manual and automated measurements. Manual measurements can be performed using gauges, probes, and water level gauges, while automated measurements can be performed using capacitive automated measuring weir instruments and vibrating wire automated measuring weir instruments. The seepage flow is calculated by measuring the water head above the weir and then using empirical formulas based on the weir channel (triangular, trapezoidal, rectangular, etc.).

[0063] Currently, there is no complete set of seepage monitoring training equipment in the training room. Technical training for hydraulic observation personnel is generally carried out on-site in places such as dam corridors. Automated water gauges are generally judged for their reliability by referring to the monitoring instrument appraisal procedures and conducting historical measurement value analysis and evaluation, on-site measurement value stability testing and evaluation, and insulation resistance testing and evaluation. There is no device or method for calibrating the accuracy of the instrument.

[0064] In view of the above, this invention proposes a seepage flow training system.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the seepage flow training system of this invention includes a weir 1, a weir plate 2, a water tank 15, an inlet pipe 12, an outlet pipe 17, a regulating pump 14, a water measuring weir 8, multiple measuring devices, a temperature control module 9, a reading ruler 19, and a timing module 20.

[0066] The weir plate 2 is detachably and sealed within the weir channel 1, dividing the weir channel 1 into a first channel and a second channel. Specifically, the weir channel 1 can be generally rectangular box-shaped and can extend along the left and right direction. The top of the weir channel 1 is open. The weir plate 2 can be flat and can be inserted into the weir channel 1. After insertion, the weir plate 2 can divide the internal space of the weir channel 1 into two relatively independent spaces, namely the first channel and the second channel.

[0067] The inlet pipe 12 connects the water tank 15 and the first tank, and the drain pipe 17 connects the water tank 15 and the second tank. For example... Figure 1 As shown, both the inlet pipe 12 and the outlet pipe 17 can be made of metal and can be U-shaped. The water tank 15 can be roughly square and can be located behind the weir trough 1. The inlet pipe 12 can be located on the right side of the water tank 15 and the weir trough 1, with one end connected to the water tank 15 and the other end connected to the inner cavity of the first trough. The outlet pipe 17 can be located on the left side of the water tank 15 and the weir trough 1, with one end connected to the water tank 15 and the other end connected to the inner cavity of the second trough.

[0068] The regulating pump 14 can specifically be an intelligent digital display high-precision flow regulating pump 14, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the regulating pump 14 is located on the inlet pipe 12 and is used to pump water from the water tank 15 to the first tank. This provides circulation power for the water transport in the water tank 15.

[0069] The water measuring weir 8 and multiple measuring devices are all located in the first trench. The water measuring weir 8 is used to realize the automatic measurement of the water head on the weir and calculate the seepage flow. Each measuring device is used for manual measurement of the water head on the weir.

[0070] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, there can be three measuring devices, which can be a probe 5, a water gauge 6, or a level sensor 7. The probe 5, water gauge 6, level sensor 7, and water level gauge 8 are all installed on the inner wall of the first tank and arranged at intervals from left to right. Each measuring device is used for manual measurement of the water head on the weir, while the water level gauge 8 is used to automate the monitoring of seepage flow.

[0071] Temperature control module 9 is located in the first tank and is used to regulate the water temperature within the weir tank 1. Temperature control module 9 can be an intelligent temperature control device and can be installed on the rear wall of the first tank. In use, temperature control module 9 can regulate the water temperature within the weir tank 1, thereby maintaining the water temperature within a suitable range.

[0072] Both the reading scale 19 and the timing module 20 are located in the second slot. The reading scale 19 and the timing module 20 are used to measure the leakage flow of the volumetric valve. For example, as... Figure 1 The reading ruler 19 can be a transparent water level scale. Both the reading ruler 19 and the timing module 20 can be installed on the rear wall of the second tank. In use, the reading ruler 19 can measure the height of the water surface in the second tank, and the timing module 20 can measure the time interval. The volume of water can be calculated by the change in water level, and the corresponding time can be obtained by the timing module 20. The seepage flow rate can be calculated by the ratio of the two.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the seepage flow training system also includes a water circulation system control box 13, which can automatically regulate the regulating pump 14, thereby improving the automation of the system.

[0074] In some embodiments, the seepage flow training system includes a vent pipe 21, which is located in the first tank and communicates with the inner cavity of the first tank. The vent pipe 21 is equipped with a vent valve 10, the inlet pipe 12 is equipped with a check valve 11, and the drain pipe 17 is equipped with a control valve 18.

[0075] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vent pipe 21 can be a circular pipe. The vent pipe 21 can be located on the right side of the weir trough 1 and can be connected to the first trough. The vent pipe 21 can extend in the left-right direction. The vent valve 10 is installed on the vent pipe 21 and is used to open and close the vent pipe 21. In use, the vent valve 10 can close the vent pipe 21, thereby preventing water from flowing out of the first trough. After use, the vent valve 10 can be opened, thereby draining the water from the first trough.

[0076] like Figure 1As shown, the check valve 11 can be installed at the end of the inlet pipe 12 near the weir trough 1. The check valve 11 can prevent the water in the first trough from flowing back into the water tank 15 through the inlet pipe 12.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the control valve 18 can be located in the middle of the drain pipe 17. The control valve 18 can be a manual valve such as a butterfly valve or a ball valve, or a valve such as a solenoid valve. The control valve 18 can realize the opening and closing control of the drain pipe 17.

[0078] In some embodiments, the water tank 15 is provided with an inspection hole 16, which is located on the top wall of the water tank 15. For example, as Figure 1 As shown, the inspection hole 16 can be a square hole, and it can be located in the center area of ​​the top wall of the water tank 15. During use, the condition inside the water tank 15 can be observed through the inspection hole 16.

[0079] In some embodiments, in a direction orthogonal to the weir plate 2, the length dimension of the first channel is greater than that of the second channel, and the water measuring weir 8 and a plurality of measuring devices are all disposed on the same channel wall of the first channel and arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first channel.

[0080] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the water measuring weir 8, the probe 5, the water gauge 6, and the level sensor 7 can all be installed on the front wall of the first tank, and they can be arranged at intervals along a left-to-right direction (the length of the first tank). This allows the areas measured by the water measuring weir 8 and the multiple measuring devices to be relatively independent, thus ensuring relative measurement independence.

[0081] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the weir trough 1 is provided with a groove 3, and the groove wall of the groove 3 is provided with a sealing element 4. The weir plate 2 is embedded in the sealing element 4 to achieve a sealed assembly between the weir plate 2 and the weir trough 1. For example, as Figure 1 As shown, the sealing element 4 can be a sealing waterstop strip, and the groove 3 extends along the wall of the weir 1 and is U-shaped as a whole. The sealing element 4 can be embedded in the groove 3 and extended along the groove 3, and the sealing element 4 can also be U-shaped as a whole.

[0082] When assembling the weir plate 2, it can be directly inserted into the slots 3 on the front and rear sides of the weir trough 1. Then, the weir plate 2 can be pressed down until its bottom edge is engaged with the slots 3 on the bottom side of the weir trough 1. It should be noted that after assembly, the front and rear edges and the bottom edge of the weir plate 2 will be enclosed within the sealing element 4. This achieves a seal at the connection between the weir plate 2 and the weir trough 1.

[0083] Optionally, the seal 4 can be made of materials such as rubber or silicone.

[0084] In some embodiments, the use includes the following steps:

[0085] After assembling the weir plate 2, fill the first tank with water until the water level is flush with the weir opening on the weir plate 2. For example, before running the seepage flow training system, you can first check and confirm that the drain valve and check valve 11 are in the closed state. Then you can install the weir plate 2, and then fill the first tank with water until the water level is flush with the lower limit of the weir opening. At this time, the measuring weir 8 is in the "zero head" state.

[0086] Open the inlet pipe 12 and start the regulating pump 14 to supply water to the first tank. At the same time, connect the drain pipe 17 between the water tank 15 and the second tank to realize the circulation of water flow between the weir trough 1 and the water tank 15.

[0087] Specifically, during operation, the regulating pump 14 is started to supply water to the weir channel 1, the drainage control valve 18 is opened, and the water flows over the weir opening and returns to the water tank 15 through the drainage pipe 17. The water flow in the weir channel 1 is circulated. Thus, the situation of seepage measurement in the drainage ditch of the dam gallery is realistically simulated. Normal manual and automated measurement of the water head above the weir and related professional knowledge training can be carried out in the training room, which solves the problems of inconvenience in conducting on-site practical training and the impact of training on the stability of the seepage monitoring system measurement values.

[0088] In some embodiments, determining the seepage flow rate includes the following steps:

[0089] Calculate the seepage flow rate Q using the weir method or the volumetric method;

[0090] The water-measuring weir method includes the following steps:

[0091] A1: Measure the height h of the water head on the weir using a weir gauge 8 and / or multiple measuring devices;

[0092] A2: Substitute the determined height h into the set formula to calculate the seepage flow rate Q.

[0093] Specifically, taking a right-angled triangular weir as an example, the weir opening on weir plate 2 can be a right-angled triangle. See [link to relevant documentation] for details. Figure 2 The height h above the weir can be measured manually or automatically using three different methods: a measuring needle 5, a water gauge 6, and a liquid level sensor 7. Then, the measured height h can be substituted into the height of the weir head and used in the following empirical formula:

[0094] Q = 1.4h 2.5 ;

[0095] Therefore, the corresponding seepage flow can be calculated. It should be noted that the weir gauge 8 can be fully automated. The weir gauge 8 can be connected to the dam safety monitoring automation system and can realize the automatic calculation of seepage flow. That is, the above formula can be programmed into the corresponding processor, and the processor can realize the automatic calculation of seepage flow.

[0096] The volumetric method of this invention includes the following steps:

[0097] B1: Close the drain pipe 17 and switch the water in the weir trough 1 to a zero head state;

[0098] B2: Start the regulating pump 14. After the flow rate stabilizes, measure the water level heights h1 and h2 in the first tank at two time points t1 and t2, respectively.

[0099] B3: Determine the length L and width W of weir channel 1;

[0100] B4: Calculate the seepage flow rate Q using the following formula:

[0101] Q = ((h2-h1)*L*W) / (t2-t1).

[0102] Specifically, the seepage flow rate can be calculated by measuring a certain volume V and measuring time T according to the flow rate formula Q = V / T. In order to realize the volumetric flow rate measurement, this device is equipped with a transparent reading gauge 6 and a high-precision timer (timing module 20) on the side wall of the water tank behind the weir plate 2. When using the volumetric method for measurement, the control valve 18 on the drain pipe 17 is closed, and the intelligent digital display high-precision flow regulating pump 14 is started in the zero head state. After the flow rate stabilizes, the water levels in the water tank at two time points t1 and t2 are measured as h1 and h2, respectively. The length L and width W of the weir trough 1 behind the weir plate 2 are known. At this time, the seepage flow rate can be calculated according to the formula Q = V / T = ((h2-h1)*L*W) / (t2-t1).

[0103] The following describes a method for verifying a water measuring weir according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] The verification method of this invention is a water level verification valve, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0105] C1: Adjust the water inflow of the first trough by adjusting pump 14 to change the water head above the weir in the weir trough 1;

[0106] C2: Measure the artificial head difference ΔH under steady flow conditions. 人 The automated head difference ΔH measured by the water gauge 8 自 ;

[0107] C3: By comparing the artificial head difference ΔH人 And the automated head difference ΔH 自 This is to verify the water measuring weir 8.

[0108] Specifically, since the water flow in the drainage ditch cannot be easily and quickly controlled, when there is a discrepancy between the manual and automated measurements of the water measuring weir, the traditional method is to compare the historical data of the manual and automated measurements for verification. The system in this embodiment can adjust the water inlet volume through the regulating pump 14 of the inlet pipe 12, thereby accurately controlling the circulating water volume in the weir channel 1 and causing the water head on the weir to change.

[0109] Then, manual and automated measurements can be taken under multiple stable flow conditions, and the head difference ΔH measured manually under any two different operating conditions can be used. 人 and ΔH 自 By comparing the measurements, the accuracy of the automated weir gauge 8 can be quickly verified. As can be seen from the change in head above the weir ΔH = M1*G*(1-0.0002*T1)-M2*G*(1-0.0002*T2) between the two measurements, this verification method does not use the initial measurement of the instrument (weir gauge 8) as a reference point. This eliminates the influence of the error of the initial measurement values ​​M0 and T0 on the accuracy verification of the automated weir gauge 8, and avoids situations that cannot be achieved in traditional verification methods.

[0110] The following describes another embodiment of the present invention: a method for verifying a water measuring weir.

[0111] The verification method of this invention is a traffic verification method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0112] D1: Adjust the water inlet volume of the first tank by adjusting pump 14 to change the water flow rate in the weir trough 1;

[0113] D2: Measure the flow difference of the regulating pump 14 (digital display) and the flow difference of the water measuring weir 8 under stable flow conditions;

[0114] D3: The flow difference of the digital display of the regulating pump 14 and the automatic flow difference are compared to verify the flow measurement weir 8.

[0115] Specifically, taking a triangular weir as an example, when the measured head of water above the weir is h, according to the empirical formula Q = 1.4h 2.5The seepage flow rate can be calculated at this time. By precisely controlling the pumping volume of the water pump, the difference between the digital flow rate of the regulating pump 14 under two different working conditions is compared with the difference between the flow rates obtained from two manual and automated measurements. This allows for a rapid verification of the accuracy of the automated water gauge 8. Compared with the water level method, this method introduces the external reliable factor of "high-precision flow regulating pump 14", providing another approach for the accuracy verification of the automated water gauge 8.

[0116] In some embodiments, the volumetric calibration method can also be used to calibrate the weir gauge 8. Specifically, when the flow rate method is not used for calibration, the flow rate under two different operating conditions can be measured using the volumetric method when the system is running stably. The difference between the flow rates measured by the volumetric method under the two different operating conditions is compared with the difference between the flow rates obtained by manual and automated measurements, respectively. This method can also achieve rapid calibration of the accuracy of the automated weir gauge 8. This method further eliminates the influence of the error of the high-precision flow regulating pump 14 itself.

[0117] The following describes another embodiment of the water measuring weir calibration method of the present invention.

[0118] This method is for verifying the instrument parameter G of the water measuring weir 8. The water measuring weir 8 in this embodiment of the invention is a vibrating wire type water measuring weir 8. The verification method includes the following steps:

[0119] E1: Adjust the water inflow of the first trough by adjusting pump 14 to change the water head above the weir in the weir trough 1;

[0120] E2: Manually measure the water head H1 and H2 on the weir twice, and simultaneously measure the current reading M1 and temperature module reading T1 of the water gauge 8 when the water head on the weir is H1, and the current reading M2 and temperature module reading T2 of the water gauge 8 when the water head on the weir is H2.

[0121] E3: Calculate the difference ΔH between the water heads H1 and H2 above the weir, and then obtain the instrument parameters G of the measuring weir 8 using the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] Specifically, when the accuracy verification of the weir gauge 8 fails to meet the specifications, after confirming that there are no problems with the instrument's insulation and other operating conditions, as well as the initial measured values, it is necessary to further verify the instrument parameters G of the automated weir gauge 8. Taking the vibrating wire weir gauge 8 as an example, the change in water head over the weir between two measurements is ΔH = M1*G*(1-0.0002*T1) - M2*G*(1-0.0002*T2), which can be transformed into:

[0124]

[0125] The flow rate of the water circulation system is controlled by the flow regulating pump 14. The change in water head ΔH above the weir can be obtained by manual measurement twice. M1 and M2 are measured by secondary instruments or automation modules, and T1 and T2 are measured by temperature control module 9. The instrument parameters G of the automated water measuring weir 8 can be verified by substituting them into the above-described modified formula.

[0126] In reality, this verification method is also difficult to implement on-site due to the uncontrollable water flow in the drainage ditch of the dam gallery. As can be seen from the modified formula above, this verification method eliminates the impact of the initial instrument measurement errors M0 and T0 on the accuracy verification of the automated weir gauge 8. Furthermore, the temperature of the water flow in the weir 1 can be manually adjusted by the intelligent temperature control module on the side wall of the training system's flume to improve the accuracy of the instrument parameter G verification, thus providing a new approach and solution for the on-site calibration of the automated weir gauge 8.

[0127] Beneficial effects: The seepage training system of this invention recreates the operation scenario of the seepage monitoring facility in the drainage ditch of the dam gallery in the training room, bringing the complex on-site training into the training room and reducing the impact of on-site hands-on training on the normal operation of the seepage monitoring system.

[0128] By operating the flow regulating pump 14 and the drainage regulating valve, the water circulation supply and drainage balance of the overall training system was achieved.

[0129] The flexible water flow control of the seepage training system provides three new approaches and methods for verifying the accuracy of measurements and instrument parameters of the automated water gauge: water level, flow rate, and volume. This verification method eliminates the influence of errors in the initial instrument measurements M0 and T0. The verification method is convenient, efficient, and accurate, and instruments that do not meet the requirements in the field can be directly transferred to the training room for verification.

[0130] When the initial calibration revealed that the accuracy of the measurement value of the automated water measuring weir 8 did not meet the requirements, the instrument's factory parameters G could be further calibrated through flexible water level and temperature control. This also provides a new approach and method for the on-site calibration of the automated water measuring weir 8.

[0131] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0132] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0133] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0134] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0135] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0136] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating a water-measuring weir based on a seepage flow training system, characterized in that, The seepage flow training system includes: A weir trough and a weir plate, wherein the weir plate is detachably and sealed within the weir trough, and the weir plate divides the weir trough into a first trough and a second trough; A water tank, an inlet pipe, and a drain pipe, wherein the inlet pipe is connected between the water tank and the first tank, and the drain pipe is connected between the water tank and the second tank; A regulating pump is installed in the inlet pipe and is used to pump water from the water tank to the first trough. The system includes a water-measuring weir gauge and multiple measuring devices, all of which are located within the first trough. The water-measuring weir gauge is used to automatically measure the water head above the weir and calculate the seepage flow. Each measuring device is used for manually measuring the water head above the weir. A temperature control module is provided in the first tank and is used to regulate the water temperature in the tank. A reading scale and a timing module are both located in the second slot. The reading scale and the timing module are used to measure the seepage flow of the volumetric valve. The water measuring weir is a vibrating wire water measuring weir, and the calibration method includes the following steps: The water inflow into the first trough is adjusted by regulating the pump to change the water head above the weir in the trough. The water head above the weir, H1 and H2, is measured manually twice. At the same time, the current reading M1 of the measuring weir and the temperature module reading T1 when the water head above the weir is H1 are measured, and the current reading M2 of the measuring weir and the temperature module reading T2 when the water head above the weir is H2 are measured. Calculate the difference ΔH between the water heads H1 and H2 above the weir, and then obtain the instrument parameter G of the measuring weir using the following formula: 。 2. The method for calibrating a water measuring weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seepage flow training system includes a vent pipe, which is located in the first tank and communicates with the inner cavity of the first tank. The vent pipe is equipped with a vent valve, the inlet pipe is equipped with a check valve, and the outlet pipe is equipped with a control valve.

3. The method for calibrating a water measuring weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring device is a probe, a water level gauge, or a liquid level sensor; And / or, the water tank is provided with an inspection hole, which is located on the top wall of the water tank.

4. The method for calibrating a water measuring weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a direction orthogonal to the weir plate, the length of the first trough is greater than that of the second trough, and the water measuring weir gauge and the plurality of measuring devices are all located on the same wall of the first trough and are arranged at intervals along the length of the first trough.

5. The method for calibrating a water measuring weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the weir channel is provided with a slot, and the groove wall of the slot is provided with a sealing element. The weir plate is embedded in the sealing element to achieve a sealed assembly of the weir plate and the weir channel.

6. The method for calibrating a water measuring weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following steps are included in its use: After assembling the weir plate, pour water into the first trough until the water level is flush with the weir opening on the weir plate; Open the inlet pipe and start the regulating pump to supply water to the first tank, and at the same time connect the drain pipe between the water tank and the second tank to realize the circulation of water flow between the weir and the water tank.

7. The method for calibrating a water measuring weir according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The determination of the seepage flow includes the following steps: The seepage flow rate Q is calculated using the weir method or the volumetric method. The water measuring weir method includes the following steps: A1: The height h of the water head on the weir is measured by the weir gauge and / or multiple measuring devices; A2: Substitute the determined height h into the set formula to calculate the seepage flow rate Q; The volumetric method includes the following steps: B1: Close the drain pipe and switch the water in the weir to zero head. B2: Start the regulating pump. After the flow rate stabilizes, measure the water level heights h1 and h2 in the first tank at two time points t1 and t2, respectively. B3: Determine the length L and width W of the weir channel; B4: The seepage flow rate Q is calculated using the following formula: Q=((h2-h1) L W) / (t2-t1)。

Images