Ancient palm leaf manuscript reinforcement and repair by ink

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscripts with ink marks, relating to the field of cultural relic protection and restoration. The method includes: (1) providing an ancient palm-leaf manuscript with ink marks; (2) forming an adhesive layer on the surface of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript; the adhesive layer is made of an adhesive material comprising: 3-10 wt% ethoxysilane and 90-97 wt% solvent; (3) forming a connecting layer on the adhesive layer; the connecting layer is made of a connecting material comprising: 2-10 wt% crosslinking agent and 90-98 wt% water; (4) forming a protective layer on the connecting layer; the protective layer is made of a protective material comprising: 2-10 wt% reinforcing agent, 3-15 wt% auxiliary agent, and 78-95 wt% water; wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from glutaraldehyde and / or epichlorohydrin; the reinforcing agent is selected from methylcellulose and / or chitosan; and the auxiliary agent is selected from acetic acid and / or sodium hydroxide. By implementing this invention, a protective film can be formed on the surface of ancient palm-leaf manuscripts, protecting the ink from wear and tear, preventing it from fading, blurring, or even discoloration. Furthermore, it can improve the mechanical properties of ancient palm-leaf manuscripts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cultural relic protection and restoration, specifically to a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks. Background Technology

[0002] Palm-leaf manuscripts, written on palm leaves, were a widely used form of literature in South and Southeast Asia before the widespread use of paper. They contain a wealth of information covering astronomy, mathematics, medicine, music, literature, grammar, history, astrology, and more, possessing unique historical, cultural, and historical value, making them a precious world cultural heritage. Palm-leaf manuscripts were written using two methods: writing and engraving. Writing involved using a brush (such as a calligraphy brush, bamboo brush, or reed) dipped in ink to write directly on the surface of the palm leaf. Engraving involved first using a stylus to carve marks on the surface of the palm leaf, then applying ink and pigment to make the writing visible, and finally wiping away excess ink with water, rice bran, or hot sand.

[0003] Due to their inherent biological characteristics and external environmental factors, palm-leaf manuscripts stored for extended periods will deteriorate to varying degrees, primarily affecting the palm leaf carrier, ink, and pigments. Damage manifests in various forms, including insect infestation, mold, contamination, discoloration, acidification, ink and pigment flaking and fading, decay, and mechanical damage. Deteriorated palm-leaf manuscripts are brittle and easily broken. Ink on palm-leaf manuscripts often suffers from pigment fading due to external friction, water immersion, and oil immersion during long-term storage, leading to blurred characters and impairing readability. Furthermore, ink pigments can spread and bleed, causing the characters to become blurred, severely impacting the identification and reading of important ancient texts. Therefore, reinforcing ancient palm-leaf manuscripts with ink residue is crucial.

[0004] However, current research on ancient palm-leaf manuscripts in China mainly focuses on collection, cataloging, reproduction, and the transmission of techniques, with relatively little research on the deterioration and preservation of ink traces in ancient palm-leaf manuscripts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for reinforcing, protecting and repairing ink marks on ancient palm-leaf manuscripts, which can improve the mechanical properties of ancient palm-leaf manuscripts and prevent ink marks from falling off.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, comprising:

[0007] (1) Provide ancient palm-leaf manuscripts with ink marks;

[0008] (2) An adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the ancient palm leaf manuscript; the adhesive layer is made of an adhesive material, which includes: 3-10 wt% ethoxysilane and 90-97 wt% solvent;

[0009] (3) A bonding layer is formed on the adhesive layer; the bonding layer is made of a bonding material, which includes: 2-10 wt% crosslinking agent and 90-98 wt% water;

[0010] (4) A protective layer is formed on the connecting layer; the protective layer is made of a protective material, which includes: 2-10 wt% of a reinforcing agent, 3-15 wt% of an auxiliary agent, and 78-95 wt% of water;

[0011] The crosslinking agent is selected from glutaraldehyde and / or epichlorohydrin; the reinforcing agent is selected from methylcellulose and / or chitosan; and the auxiliary agent is selected from acetic acid and / or sodium hydroxide.

[0012] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the ethoxysilane is selected from one or more of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltriethoxysilane, and the solvent is selected from one or more of toluene, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone.

[0013] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the ethoxysilane is selected as γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and the solvent is selected as toluene; and / or

[0014] The adhesive material is composed of the following components:

[0015] Ethoxysilane 3–8 wt%, solvent 92–97 wt%.

[0016] As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step (2), the bonding material is evenly applied to the surface of the ancient palm leaf scripture and dried at 20-30°C to obtain the adhesion layer.

[0017] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the crosslinking agent is selected as glutaraldehyde; and / or

[0018] The binder material is composed of the following components:

[0019] Crosslinking agent 3-8 wt%, water 92-97 wt%.

[0020] As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step (2), the bonding material is sprayed onto the surface of the adhesive layer and left to stand at 20-30°C for 20-30 hours to obtain the bonding layer.

[0021] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the reinforcing agent is chitosan, and the auxiliary agent is acetic acid; and / or

[0022] The protective material is composed of the following components:

[0023] Consolidating agent 2-7 wt%, additives 3-8 wt%, water 85-95 wt%.

[0024] As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step (3), the protective material is evenly applied to the surface of the ancient palm leaf scripture and dried at 20-30°C.

[0025] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the adhesive material is composed of the following components: 5 wt% ethoxysilane, 95 wt% solvent; and / or

[0026] The binder is composed of the following components: 5 wt% crosslinking agent, 95 wt% water; and / or

[0027] The protective material consists of the following components: 5 wt% reinforcing agent, 5 wt% additive, and 90 wt% water.

[0028] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the protective material is prepared by dissolving the reinforcing agent and auxiliary agent in water, stirring at 20-30°C for 0.8-1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain the final product.

[0029] Implementing this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks. This method sequentially treats the surface of the ink marks with an adhesive, a binder, and a protective agent. This not only improves the mechanical properties of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript, preventing it from becoming brittle, but also makes the color of faded ink marks clearer, while preserving the overall color of the manuscript carrier and the ink marks. Through this reinforcement, protection, and restoration method, a protective film can be formed on the surface of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript, protecting the ink marks and preventing them from fading, blurring, or even discoloration due to subsequent mechanical wear, aging, or other factors. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for reinforcing, protecting and repairing ink stains on palm leaves in this invention;

[0032] Figure 2 These are actual images of the ancient palm-leaf manuscripts with ink marks before and after reinforcement and protection, as shown in Embodiment 3 of this invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the tensile properties of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript with ink marks before and after reinforcement and protection in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a photograph of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript with ink marks after reinforcement, protection and repair treatment in Comparative Example 1 of this invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a photograph of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript with ink marks after reinforcement, protection and repair treatment as described in Comparative Example 2 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] The palm leaves used in ancient palm-leaf manuscripts primarily came from the palm palm and sugar palm trees. Because sugar palm leaves have poor ink absorption, they were typically carved before writing. However, this method also made ancient palm-leaf manuscripts based on sugar palm leaves extremely prone to fading, especially due to friction during handling and storage, which caused the ink to fade or even discolor. Traditional conservation and restoration methods generally involve applying methacrylic paint to the surface to reinforce the ink. However, this methacrylic paint causes the ancient palm-leaf manuscript to become brittle and also alters the color of the manuscript itself (the palm leaf carrier), contradicting the principle of restoring it to its original state.

[0038] Therefore, this invention proposes a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 It includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: Provides ancient palm-leaf manuscripts with ink markings;

[0040] Depending on the specific form of the ancient palm-leaf manuscripts, some pretreatment can be performed. For example, in some embodiments, surface dust can be removed with a soft brush or dust cloth, and distilled water can be used to wash away common contaminants; alcohol can also be used to wipe away mold, etc. In other embodiments, the adhered ancient palm-leaf manuscripts can be moistened in a glycerin aqueous solution and then separated, but this is not limited to these methods.

[0041] S2: An adhesive layer forms on the surface of ancient palm-leaf manuscripts;

[0042] The adhesive layer is prepared using an adhesive material comprising: 3-10 wt% ethoxysilane and 90-97 wt% solvent. The adhesive material of this invention incorporates ethoxysilane, which can strengthen the cell walls of ancient palm leaves, improve the overall mechanical properties of the ancient palm leaves, and enhance adhesion to the reinforcing agent in later stages. Furthermore, the adhesive layer can partially fill the pores of aged binder, reducing diffuse reflection of light and improving the ink's color development effect.

[0043] Specifically, the ethoxysilane is selected from one or more of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltriethoxysilane. These ethoxysilanes not only strengthen and enhance adhesion but also more effectively maintain the color of the beech leaf carrier. Preferably, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is selected.

[0044] For example, the ethoxysilane content in the adhesive is 3.5 wt%, 5 wt%, 6.5 wt%, 7 wt%, 7.5 wt%, 8 wt%, or 9 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably it is 3 to 8 wt%, more preferably 4 to 6 wt%, and even more preferably 5 wt%.

[0045] Specifically, one or more of toluene, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone are selected as the solvent. These types of solvents can promote good dispersion and wetting of ethoxysilane without causing the ink pigment to spread or become blurred. Preferably, toluene is selected as the solvent, as it can also effectively reduce the change in the main color of the ancient palm leaf before and after restoration.

[0046] For example, the solvent content in the adhesive is 91.3 wt%, 92 wt%, 92.8 wt%, 93.7 wt%, 94.5 wt%, 95.2 wt%, 96 wt%, or 96.8 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably it is 92-97 wt%, more preferably 93-96 wt%, and even more preferably 95 wt%.

[0047] The adhesive can be applied to the surface of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript by spraying, brushing, or other methods, but is not limited to these. Preferably, in one embodiment, the adhesive is evenly applied to the surface of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript and then dried at 20–30°C. This application process ensures that the adhesive fully penetrates various areas, such as grooves in the inscriptions and damaged joints. More preferably, the application time should be ensured to be 4–10 hours.

[0048] Specifically, the drying process after applying the adhesive can be air drying, oven drying, or wind drying, but is not limited to these methods. Preferably, air drying is used.

[0049] S3: Forming a bonding layer on the adhesive layer;

[0050] The bonding layer is made of a bonding material. Specifically, the bonding material includes: 2-10 wt% crosslinking agent and 90-98 wt% water. By coating with the bonding material, the bonding effect between the ethoxysilane and the protective layer can be further enhanced, thus optimizing the repair effect.

[0051] Specifically, the crosslinking agent is glutaraldehyde or epichlorohydrin. Preferably, in one embodiment, glutaraldehyde is used as the crosslinking agent when chitosan is used as the reinforcing agent. In another embodiment, epichlorohydrin is used as the crosslinking agent when methylcellulose is used as the reinforcing agent.

[0052] For example, the crosslinking agent content in the binder is 2.4 wt%, 3.8 wt%, 4.5 wt%, 5.3 wt%, 5.9 wt%, 6.4 wt%, 7 wt%, 7.4 wt%, 8.5 wt%, or 9.4 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably it is 3 to 8 wt%, more preferably 4 to 6 wt%, and even more preferably 5 wt%.

[0053] For example, the water content in the binder is 91 wt%, 91.8 wt%, 92 wt%, 94 wt%, 95 wt%, or 96 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably it is 92-97 wt%, more preferably 93-96 wt%, and even more preferably 95 wt%.

[0054] The binder can be applied to the surface of the adhesive layer by spraying, brushing, or other methods, but is not limited to these. Preferably, in one embodiment, the binder is sprayed onto the surface of the adhesive layer and then left to stand at 20–30°C for 20–30 hours to obtain the adhesive layer. Since the adhesive layer has already been formed in the preceding steps, uniform distribution of the binder can be achieved through simple spraying.

[0055] S4: A protective layer is formed on the connecting layer;

[0056] The protective layer is made from a protective material comprising: 2-10 wt% reinforcing agent, 3-15 wt% additives, and 78-95 wt% water. This protective material enhances the mechanical properties of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript and effectively fills the pores and voids formed by the aging of the original cementing material, making the faded ink marks clearer. Furthermore, a protective film is formed on the surface of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript, protecting the ink marks and preventing them from fading, blurring, or even discoloring due to subsequent mechanical wear and aging.

[0057] It should be noted that those skilled in the art know that when a beam of light shines on an object, the object absorbs light of a specific energy and reflects or projects light that cannot be absorbed, thus forming the object's color. Light scattering is the phenomenon where light is forced to deviate from its straight path and scatter in all directions when it encounters an inhomogeneous medium. In the case of ancient palm-leaf manuscripts, the microstructural changes in the ink and pigments manifest as an increase in porosity and pores between the ink particles (and other colored pigment particles) and the binding material. This increases the light scattering intensity of the ink, reduces the absorption of incident light, and causes the ink color to fade. This invention, through the sequential application of an adhesive layer, a connecting layer, and a protective layer, not only fully fills the pores and pores formed by the aging of the binding material, improving the ink color, but also forms a new protective layer on its surface, preventing the ink color from fading due to later wear. Furthermore, the materials used in this invention do not cause ink bleeding during application. In addition, the materials used in this invention are well-compatible with the raw materials and do not significantly alter the color of other areas such as the palm-leaf carrier.

[0058] Specifically, the reinforcing agent is either methylcellulose or chitosan, with chitosan being the preferred choice. Chitosan not only enhances the mechanical properties of ancient palm leaves, forms a protective film, and improves color development and fixation, but also maximizes the preservation of the original color of the ancient palm leaves and significantly reduces the degree of color change before and after restoration.

[0059] For example, the content of the reinforcing agent in the protective material is 2.8 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 4.2 wt%, 4.9 wt%, 5.6 wt%, 6.3 wt%, 7 wt%, 7.7 wt%, 8.4 wt%, and 9.1 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, it is 2 to 7 wt%, more preferably 3 to 6 wt%, and even more preferably 5 wt%.

[0060] Specifically, acetic acid or sodium hydroxide are selected as the auxiliary agent. When the consolidating agent is methylcellulose, sodium hydroxide is selected as the auxiliary agent; when the consolidating agent is chitosan, acetic acid is selected as the auxiliary agent.

[0061] For example, the content of additives in the protective material is 4.5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7.5 wt%, 9 wt%, 10.5 wt%, 11 wt%, 13.5 wt%, or 14.5 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, it is 3 to 8 wt%, more preferably 3 to 6 wt%, and even more preferably 5 wt%.

[0062] For example, the water content in the protective material is 79 wt%, 82.5 wt%, 86.3 wt%, 87 wt%, 88 wt%, 89.5 wt%, 91 wt%, or 92.8 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably it is 85-95 wt%, more preferably 87-92 wt%, and even more preferably 90 wt%.

[0063] Specifically, in one embodiment, the reinforcing agent, additives, and water are mixed evenly to obtain the protective material. Preferably, the reinforcing agent and additives are dissolved in water, stirred at 20-30°C for 0.8-1.5 hours, and filtered to obtain the protective material.

[0064] The protective material can be applied to the surface of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript by spraying, brushing, or other methods, but is not limited to these. Preferably, in one embodiment, the protective material is evenly applied to the surface of the ancient palm-leaf manuscript and then dried at 20–30°C. This application process ensures that the protective material fully penetrates various areas, such as the grooves of the inscriptions and parts of damaged joints, to provide comprehensive protection for the ink-stained ancient palm-leaf manuscript. More preferably, the application time should be ensured to be 4–10 hours.

[0065] Specifically, the drying process after applying the protective coating can be air drying, oven drying, or wind drying, but is not limited to these methods. Preferably, air drying is used.

[0066] The present invention will now be described with reference to specific embodiments:

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, including:

[0069] (1) Clean the ancient palm leaf manuscripts with ink stains one by one with a soft brush, remove the mold with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol, and wash with distilled water.

[0070] (2) Apply an acetone solution of 3 wt% vinyltriethoxysilane to the surface of ancient palm leaves for 3 hours at room temperature (23±2℃) and then air dry at room temperature to form an adhesive layer.

[0071] (3) A 2.5wt% epichlorohydrin aqueous solution was sprayed onto the surface of the ancient palm leaf at room temperature (23±2℃) and left to stand for 24 hours to obtain a bonding layer.

[0072] (4) Stir the aqueous solution containing 4wt% methylcellulose and 6wt% NaOH at 60℃ for 1h, filter it, apply it to the surface of ancient palm leaves for 4h, and dry it at room temperature to form a protective layer.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, including:

[0075] (1) Clean the ancient palm leaf manuscripts with ink stains one by one with a soft brush, remove the mold with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol, and wash with distilled water.

[0076] (2) Apply an acetone solution of 3 wt% γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the surface of ancient palm leaves for 3 hours at room temperature (23±2℃) and then air dry at room temperature to form an adhesive layer.

[0077] (3) At room temperature (23±2℃), a 3wt% glutaraldehyde aqueous solution was sprayed onto the surface of the ancient palm leaf scripture and left to stand for 24 hours to obtain the bonding layer.

[0078] (4) Stir the aqueous solution containing 6wt% chitosan and 4wt% acetic acid at room temperature for 1 hour, filter it, apply it to the surface of ancient palm leaves at room temperature for 4 hours, and then dry it at room temperature to form a protective layer.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] This embodiment provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, including:

[0081] (1) Clean the ancient palm leaf manuscripts with ink stains one by one with a soft brush, remove the mold with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol, and wash with distilled water.

[0082] (2) Apply a 5 wt% γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane acetone solution to the surface of ancient palm leaves for 3 hours at room temperature (23±2℃) and then air dry at room temperature to form an adhesive layer.

[0083] (3) A 5wt% glutaraldehyde aqueous solution was sprayed onto the surface of the ancient palm leaf at room temperature (23±2℃) and left to stand for 24 hours to obtain the bonding layer.

[0084] (4) Stir the aqueous solution containing 5wt% chitosan and 5wt% acetic acid at room temperature for 1 hour, filter it, apply it to the surface of ancient palm leaves at room temperature for 4 hours, and then dry it at room temperature to form a protective layer.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] This comparative example provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, which differs from Example 2 in that:

[0087] First, mix the adhesive (5 wt% acetone solution of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), the binder (5 wt% aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde), and the protective agent (aqueous solution containing 5 wt% chitosan and 5 wt% acetic acid, stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and then filtered) evenly. Then, apply the mixture to the surface of ancient palm leaves at room temperature for 4 hours and let it air dry at room temperature.

[0088] Comparative Example 2

[0089] This comparative example provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, which differs from Example 2 in that:

[0090] Step (2) is excluded, i.e., the surface of the ancient palm leaf manuscript is not coated with an adhesive (5 wt% acetone solution of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane).

[0091] Everything else is the same as in Example 2.

[0092] Comparative Example 3

[0093] This comparative example provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, which differs from Example 2 in that:

[0094] Step (3) is excluded, namely, not spraying the bonding agent (5 wt% glutaraldehyde aqueous solution) onto the surface of the ancient palm leaf.

[0095] Everything else is the same as in Example 2.

[0096] Comparative Example 4

[0097] This comparative example provides a method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks, which differs from Example 2 in that:

[0098] Step (4) is excluded, i.e., the protective material (an aqueous solution containing 5 wt% chitosan and 5 wt% acetic acid, stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then filtered) is not applied to the surface of the ancient palm leaf scripture.

[0099] Do not spray a bonding agent (5 wt% glutaraldehyde aqueous solution) onto the surface of ancient palm leaves.

[0100] Everything else is the same as in Example 2.

[0101] Test case

[0102] The ancient palm-leaf manuscripts before and after restoration using the reinforcement, protection, and restoration methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 will be tested. The specific test plan is as follows:

[0103] (1) Color difference of the palm leaf carrier before and after restoration: Before restoration, five points were randomly selected on the palm leaf carrier (area without inscription or ink marks), and the L, a, and b values ​​were measured using a colorimeter; after restoration, measurements were taken at the corresponding locations, and the color difference value was calculated according to the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, △E c To correct the color difference between the front and back beech leaf carriers, The average L value of the regenerated Betelgeuse leaf support. To repair the average L value of the pre-Begonia leaf vector, The average a value of the repaired Betelgeuse leaf carrier. The average a value of the pre-repair Betelgeuse vector; The average b-value of the repaired Betelgeuse leaf carrier. The average b value of the Betelgeuse leaf carrier before restoration; where the average value is the sum of the values ​​at each measurement point divided by the number of measurement points.

[0106] (2) Color difference of ink stains before and after repair: Before repair, 5 points were randomly selected on the ink stain area, and their L, a, and b values ​​were measured using a colorimeter; after repair, measurements were taken at the corresponding locations, and the color difference value was calculated according to the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, △E i To correct the color difference between the ink areas before and after, The average L value of the restored ink stain area. To restore the average L value of the original ink area, The average value of 'a' for the repaired ink stain area. The average value of 'a' for the ink area before restoration; The average b-value of the restored ink area. The average b value of the ink stain area before restoration; where the average value is the sum of the values ​​of all measurement points divided by the number of measurement points.

[0109] (3) Color difference before and after abrasion: After rubbing the repaired Beyerdynamic surface with 100-grit sandpaper for 10 minutes, the L, a, and b values ​​of the ink stain area before and after abrasion were tested, and the color difference value was calculated according to the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, △E r The color difference value of the ink stain area before and after wear. The average L value of the restored ink stain area. The average L value of the ink stain area after rubbing. The average value of 'a' for the repaired ink stain area. The average value of 'a' in the ink stain area after rubbing. The average b-value of the restored ink area. denoted as the average b value of the ink stain area after rubbing; where the average value is the sum of the values ​​at each measurement point divided by the number of measurement points.

[0112] (4) Tensile strength test: The samples before and after repair were subjected to a longitudinal tensile test (20mm×40mm), and the maximum load before and after treatment was recorded. The maximum load increase rate before and after repair was calculated.

[0113]

[0114] Where, η T Ft,T represents the maximum load increase rate, Fp,T represents the maximum load after repair, and Fp,T represents the maximum load before repair.

[0115] (5) Appearance and feel observation: Observe the appearance of the ancient palm leaf manuscript before and after restoration, and evaluate its feel by touching and kneading.

[0116] (6) Observation was performed using a microscope: the microscope was a Shanghai Optical Instrument Factory No. 1 SX-6 microscope, and the imaging lens was a Leica Microsystems CH-9435.

[0117] The specific measurement results are shown in the table below. Figures 2-5 As shown.

[0118]

[0119] As can be seen from the table, after restoring the ancient palm leaf manuscript with ink stains using the reinforcement, protection, and restoration method of this invention, its tensile properties along the grain were significantly improved. Furthermore, the color difference ΔE of the palm leaf carrier was reduced before and after restoration. c ≤2.34 indicates that it has virtually no impact on the color of the Béa protocopter (see also...). Figure 2 Before and after repair, the color difference of the ink stain area changed significantly (≥5.35), and the improvement in color rendering performance could be observed through visual inspection. Furthermore, the measurement of color difference before and after wear showed that the protective film formed by the reinforcement and protection repair method of this invention can effectively protect the ink stain during wear, so that it can still effectively guarantee the color rendering effect of the ink stain after wear (color difference value before and after wear ≤1.08).

[0120] Furthermore, a comparison between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 shows that when the steps of the reinforcement and protection repair method in this invention are changed, and only a mixture of various materials is used for repair treatment, although the mechanical properties of the ancient palm leaf manuscript can be improved to some extent, the coating distribution before and after repair is uneven, and the color of the palm leaf carrier changes significantly. A comparison between Example 2 and Comparative Examples 2-4 shows that when the steps of the reinforcement and protection repair method in this invention are changed, and any one of them is removed, problems such as significant color changes or decreased mechanical properties of the palm leaf carrier will occur.

[0121] The above description is a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for strengthening and protecting and restoring ancient palm leaf manuscripts, characterized in that, include: (1) Provide ancient palm-leaf manuscripts with ink marks; (2) An adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the ancient palm leaf manuscript; The adhesive layer is made of an adhesive material, which comprises: 3-10 wt% ethoxysilane and 90-97 wt% solvent; (3) A bonding layer is formed on the adhesive layer; the bonding layer is made of a bonding material comprising: 2-10 wt% crosslinking agent and 90-98 wt% water; (4) A protective layer is formed on the connecting layer; the protective layer is made of a protective material, which includes: 2-10 wt% reinforcing agent, 3-15 wt% additive, and 78-95 wt% water; Wherein, the ethoxysilane is selected from γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, the crosslinking agent is selected from glutaraldehyde, the reinforcing agent is selected from chitosan, and the auxiliary agent is selected from acetic acid; or The ethoxysilane is selected from vinyltriethoxysilane, the crosslinking agent is selected from epichlorohydrin, the reinforcing agent is selected from methylcellulose, and the auxiliary agent is selected from sodium hydroxide.

2. The method of strengthening, protecting and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript inscriptions as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The solvent is selected from one or more of toluene, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone.

3. The method of strengthening, protecting and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript inscriptions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, The solvent is toluene; and / or The adhesive material is composed of the following components: Ethoxysilane 3~8wt%, solvent 92~97wt%.

4. The method of strengthening, protecting and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript inscriptions as claimed in claim 1, wherein, In step (2), the bonding material is evenly applied to the surface of the ancient palm leaf scripture and dried at 20~30℃ to obtain the adhesive layer.

5. The method of consolidation, protection and restoration of ancient palm leaf manuscripts as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The binder material is composed of the following components: Crosslinking agent 3~8wt%, water 92~97wt%.

6. The method for reinforcing, protecting, and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink marks as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the bonding material is sprayed onto the surface of the adhesive layer and left to stand at 20~30℃ for 20~30h to obtain the bonding layer.

7. The method of strengthening, protecting and restoring ancient palm leaf manuscripts as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The protective material is composed of the following components: Consolidating agent 2~7wt%, additives 3~8wt%, water 85~95wt%.

8. The method of strengthening, protecting and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscript inscriptions as claimed in claim 1, wherein, In step (3), the protective material is evenly applied to the surface of the ancient palm leaf scripture and dried at 20~30℃.

9. The ancient palm-leaf manuscript ink reinforcement protective restoration method as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The adhesive is composed of the following components: 5 wt% ethoxysilane, 95 wt% solvent; and / or The binder is composed of the following components: 5 wt% crosslinking agent, 95 wt% water; and / or The protective material is composed of the following components: 5 wt% reinforcing agent, 5 wt% additive, and 90 wt% water.

10. The method of strengthening, protecting and restoring ancient palm-leaf manuscripts as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The protective material is prepared by dissolving the reinforcing agent and additives in water, stirring at 20-30°C for 0.8-1.5 hours, and filtering.

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