A dry airflow drum magnetic separator

Abstract

This invention discloses a dry airflow drum magnetic separator. A feed inlet is provided on the feeding pipe, and an air inlet is located directly below the feed inlet. A U-shaped drum is installed at the upper mounting port, and an adjustable electromagnet is installed inside the U-shaped drum. A magnetic tailings suction device is connected to the tail end of the feeding pipe. A magnetic middlings discharge pipe and a magnetic concentrate discharge pipe are installed on the outer wall of the feeding pipe below the mounting port. Magnetic middlings discharge pipe and magnetic concentrate discharge pipe are respectively connected to their upper ends as magnetic middlings discharge pipe and magnetic concentrate discharge pipe. This invention uses airflow to transport small particles to the U-shaped drum. Under the action of the adjustable electromagnet, non-magnetic and magnetic mineral particles in the small particles are separated. As the U-shaped drum rotates, the weaker and stronger magnetic materials in the magnetic particles experience different magnetic forces and fall into different discharge pipes under the action of the discharge fan and their own gravity, achieving better separation of different magnetic materials within the magnetic particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a magnetic separator, and more particularly to a dry airflow drum magnetic separator. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetic separation (also known as magnetic separation) is a method of separating materials in a mixture by utilizing the differences in their magnetic properties within a non-uniform magnetic field. Currently, magnetic separation is widely used in the beneficiation of ferrous metal ores, such as iron ore, manganese ore, and chromium ore; the beneficiation of non-ferrous and rare metals, such as tungsten ore and tantalum ore; the beneficiation and impurity removal of non-metallic ores, such as asbestos ore, diamond ore, and kaolin ore; the separation of solid waste, such as red mud and iron tailings; and the removal of impurities from industrial wastewater or domestic sewage. Compared to wet magnetic separation, dry magnetic separation has advantages such as a shorter beneficiation process, lower beneficiation costs, less equipment investment, and smaller footprint. Furthermore, dry magnetic separation saves water resources, making it particularly advantageous in water-scarce and frigid regions, as it eliminates the problems of product dehydration and wet tailings treatment. Therefore, dry magnetic separation has significant advantages and is the preferred method for separating magnetic materials.

[0003] Dry magnetic separators are magnetic separation machines used to separate dry minerals. Compared to wet magnetic separators (which use water as a medium), dry magnetic separators require the material to be separated to be dry, with particles that can move freely and exist independently. To adapt to different material properties and production requirements, various structural forms and models of dry magnetic separators have been developed, primarily magnetic pulley and large-particle ore separators, as well as box-type dry magnetic separators, disc magnetic separators, rotary magnetic separators, spiral tube magnetic separators, and plate magnetic separators. These separators have strict requirements on the particle size of the material; the particles should not be too fine, as this can lead to agglomeration or entanglement, resulting in poor magnetic separation and difficulty in efficient separation. Therefore, dry magnetic separation is rarely used for the separation of fine-particle materials.

[0004] Meanwhile, in actual production, raw materials generally contain a variety of materials with different magnetic properties (such as strongly magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals). How to design and develop a dry magnetic separator that can adapt to fine-particle materials and has the function of separating materials with different magnetic properties at the same time has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dry airflow drum magnetic separator. The device of this invention uses airflow to transport small particles to a U-shaped drum. Under the action of an adjustable electromagnet, non-magnetic and magnetic mineral particles in the small particles are separated. As the U-shaped drum rotates, the magnetic middlings and magnetic concentrates within the magnetic particles experience different magnetic forces and, under the influence of the discharge fan and their own gravity, fall into different discharge pipes, thus achieving the separation of magnetic middlings and magnetic concentrates within the magnetic particles, resulting in better separation performance.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention: A dry airflow drum magnetic separator includes a vertically arranged feeding pipe with a feed inlet in the middle of the pipe. A raw ore conveying device is installed at the feed inlet. An air inlet is obliquely upwardly arranged on the feeding pipe directly below the feed inlet and connected to a first blower via a pipe. An installation port is provided laterally on the upper part of the feeding pipe, and a U-shaped drum is installed at the installation port. The center of the bottom plate of the U-shaped drum is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft passes through the feeding pipe and is connected to an external drive motor. A [missing information - likely a device or component] is provided inside the U-shaped drum near the inner side of the installation port. An adjustable electromagnet with an arc-shaped structure has a connecting block at one end. The connecting block extends from the opening end of the U-shaped drum and is fixed to the inner wall of the feeding pipe. A magnetic tailings suction device is connected to the top and bottom of the feeding pipe. From the inside to the outside, a magnetic middlings discharge pipe and a magnetic concentrate discharge pipe are arranged on the outer wall of the feeding pipe below the installation port. The upper ends of the magnetic middlings discharge pipe and the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe are respectively provided with magnetic middlings discharge duct and magnetic concentrate discharge duct facing the U-shaped drum. The magnetic middlings discharge duct and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct are respectively connected to the magnetic middlings discharge fan and the magnetic concentrate discharge fan.

[0007] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, a flat air distribution device is connected to the outlet end of both the magnetic middlings discharge duct and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct. The outlet width of the air distribution device is equal to the width of the U-shaped drum. Multiple air distribution plates are staggered and obliquely arranged inside the air distribution device. The upper openings of both the magnetic middlings discharge duct and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct are larger than the width of the U-shaped drum.

[0008] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, both air distribution devices are located near the outer ends of the two discharge ducts. The air distribution device connected to the discharge duct of the magnetic middlings is set with an upward opening, while the air distribution device connected to the discharge duct of the magnetic concentrate is set with a downward opening.

[0009] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, the adjustable electromagnet is connected to an arc-shaped support ring at its end. The two are combined to form a cylindrical structure. One end of the support ring is also connected to a connecting block, which extends from the open end of the U-shaped drum and is fixedly connected to the support column. Multiple collars are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft inside the cylindrical structure. Multiple support rods are arrayed on the collars. The ends of the support rods are connected to inner support wheels, which abut against the inner wall of the cylindrical structure. Multiple annular grooves are provided on the inner wall of the U-shaped drum, and multiple outer support wheels are fixed on the annular grooves. The outer support wheels abut against the outer wall of the cylindrical structure.

[0010] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, the annular groove is located near the opening end of the U-shaped drum; the adjustable electromagnet is located in the middle of the U-shaped drum and its width is smaller than the width of the U-shaped drum; the pipe body at the installation port of the feeding pipe is a square pipe, and a settling groove is provided on the inner wall of the pipe body at the installation port. An elastic material layer is provided on the side wall of the settling groove, and the two ends of the U-shaped drum extend into the settling groove, with the elastic material layer abutting against the surface of the U-shaped drum.

[0011] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, a cone with a triangular cross-section is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe between the feed inlet and the air inlet. The bottom inclined surface of the cone is located on the extension line of the upper edge of the air inlet, and the upper inclined surface of the cone is located below the lower edge of the feed inlet.

[0012] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, a movable baffle is provided at the feed inlet, and the upper outer wall of the movable baffle is connected to the fixed frame at the feed inlet via a return spring; a material equalization plate is provided at the feed inlet above the tail end of the raw ore conveying equipment.

[0013] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, a hollow cover is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the feed pipe above the feed inlet. The feed pipe body covered by the cover is densely covered with upwardly oriented ventilation holes. The cover is connected to a second fan. The inside of the cover is divided into two chambers, left and right, by a baffle block. Each chamber is connected to a corresponding second fan.

[0014] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, the raw ore conveying equipment, the first fan, the adjustable electromagnet, the magnetic tailings suction device, the magnetic middlings discharge fan, the magnetic concentrate discharge fan, and the second fan are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0015] In the aforementioned dry airflow drum magnetic separator, the bottom of the feeding pipe is a coarse particle outlet, and a coarse particle conveying device is provided below the coarse particle outlet; two feed inlets and two air inlets are symmetrically arranged on the left and right.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the dry airflow drum magnetic separator of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. A vertically installed feeding pipe, with an air inlet, ore feed inlet, and U-shaped drum arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and an adjustable electromagnet fixed inside the U-shaped drum, allows for the separation of magnetic minerals. As the minerals fall downwards, the air force blows the finer particles of the raw ore (a mixture of magnetic and non-magnetic minerals) upwards along the feeding pipe to the U-shaped drum. The adjustable electromagnet then separates the magnetic minerals. As the U-shaped drum rotates, the magnetic forces on the magnetic concentrate and the magnetic ore gradually weaken, but remain different. Under the combined action of air force and gravity, the magnetic concentrate and magnetic ore are separated. Non-magnetic minerals are collected by a magnetic tailings suction device. This device can further separate the magnetic concentrate and magnetic ore within magnetic minerals, achieving a finer separation.

[0018] 2. By setting up support rings, collars, support rods, inner support wheels, annular grooves, and outer support wheels, the U-shaped roller and adjustable electromagnet can be effectively supported, ensuring the stable operation of the overall structure.

[0019] 3. By installing a cone between the feed inlet and the air inlet, large particles can be prevented from sliding down the inner wall of the feed pipe and falling into the air inlet. Secondly, the bottom slope of the cone is located on the extension line of the upper edge of the air inlet, so that the wind can enter the feed pipe along the bottom edge of the cone and act on the material sliding down the upper slope. The upper slope of the cone is located below the lower edge of the feed inlet, so that the material does not slide from the feed inlet to the surface of the cone, but falls to the surface of the cone, which facilitates the separation of particles of different sizes and makes it easier to convey small particles upward under the action of wind.

[0020] 4. By installing a casing connected to a second blower, the airflow inside the feeding pipe is enhanced, ensuring that small particles can be transported to the mineral processing box and the magnetic tailings discharge pipe by airflow. Each chamber of the casing is connected to a second blower, and each second blower enhances the airflow within a 180-degree area of ​​the feeding pipe, ensuring that airflow is enhanced at every point inside the feeding pipe. The casing is divided into two chambers by baffles to prevent the airflow from the two second blowers from canceling each other out.

[0021] 5. A movable baffle is installed at the feed inlet, and a low-level monitoring switch, a high-level monitoring switch, and an electric valve are installed at the magnetic concentrate collection chamber to prevent a large amount of air from overflowing from the feed inlet and the magnetic concentrate collection chamber outlet during the upward conveying of materials by the airflow, which would cause severe airflow attenuation. This ensures that the material can be conveyed to the beneficiation box and the magnetic tailings discharge pipe under the action of the airflow.

[0022] 6. A coarse particle conveying device is installed at the bottom of the feeding pipe to collect and convey large particles; a uniform feeding plate is installed at the feed inlet to ensure that the material is fed into the feed inlet evenly.

[0023] In summary, this invention, based on the unique characteristics of materials with complex compositions, employs a structural design different from other dry magnetic separators, featuring a magnetic middlings discharge zone and a magnetic concentrate discharge zone. When the U-shaped drum, adsorbing magnetic materials, rotates to the magnetic middlings discharge zone, under the influence of strong winds, some weakly magnetic materials will leave the U-shaped drum under the force of the wind and sink under the combined action of gravity and wind, entering the magnetic middlings discharge pipe. Meanwhile, the more strongly magnetic materials continue to enter the magnetic concentrate discharge zone with the drum. In this zone, the U-shaped drum has been demagnetized, and the magnetic concentrate, having lost the attraction of the drum's magnetic field, enters the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe under the action of gravity and wind. This achieves fine separation based on the different magnetic properties of the components in the raw material, improving the separation effect of fine-grained magnetic minerals. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the U-shaped roller and the adjustable electromagnet.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable electromagnet and the support ring.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cover and the feeding pipe.

[0030] Attached reference numerals: 1-Feeding pipe, 2-Feed inlet, 3-Raw ore conveying equipment, 4-Air inlet, 5-First blower, 6-U-shaped drum, 7-Rotating shaft, 8-Drive motor, 9-Adjustable electromagnet, 10-Connecting block, 11-Magnetic tailings suction device, 12-Magnetic middlings discharge pipe, 13-Magnetic concentrate discharge pipe, 14-Magnetic middlings discharge duct, 15-Magnetic concentrate discharge duct, 16-Magnetic middlings discharge blower, 17-Magnetic concentrate discharge blower, 18- Air distribution device, 19-air distribution plate, 20-support ring, 21-support column, 22-ring, 23-support rod, 24-inner support wheel, 25-annular groove, 26-outer support wheel, 27-sinking trough, 28-elastic material layer, 29-cone, 30-movable baffle, 31-reset spring, 32-fixed frame, 33-material distribution plate, 34-cover, 35-ventilation hole, 36-second fan, 37-stop block, 38-coarse particle conveying equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] An embodiment of the present invention: a dry airflow drum magnetic separator, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, the device includes a vertically arranged feeding pipe 1, with a feed inlet 2 located in the middle of the pipe. A raw ore conveying device 3 is installed at the feed inlet 2. An air inlet 4 is obliquely upwardly arranged on the feeding pipe 1 directly below the feed inlet 2. The air inlet 4 is connected to a first blower 5 via a pipe. An installation port is provided on the upper side of the feeding pipe 1, and a U-shaped roller 6 is installed at the installation port. The center of the bottom plate of the U-shaped roller 6 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 7. The rotating shaft 7 passes through the feeding pipe 1 and is connected to an external drive motor 8. An adjustable electromagnet 9 with an arc-shaped structure is installed inside the U-shaped roller 6 near the inner side of the installation port. One end of the 9 is connected to a connecting block 10, which extends from the open end of the U-shaped drum 6 and is fixed to the inner wall of the feeding pipe 1. The top end of the feeding pipe 1 is connected to a magnetic tailings suction device 11. On the outer wall of the feeding pipe 1 below the installation port, a magnetic middlings discharge pipe 12 and a magnetic concentrate discharge pipe 13 are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The upper ends of the magnetic middlings discharge pipe 12 and the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe 13 are respectively provided with magnetic middlings discharge air duct 14 and magnetic concentrate discharge air duct 15 facing the U-shaped drum 6. The magnetic middlings discharge air duct 14 and the magnetic concentrate discharge air duct 15 are respectively connected to the magnetic middlings discharge fan 16 and the magnetic concentrate discharge fan 17.

[0033] During operation, the material is fed to the feed inlet 2 via the raw ore conveying equipment 3. The air from the first blower 5 blows upward through the air inlet 4. As the material falls downward from the feed inlet 2, it is subjected to the upward air force. Under the blowing action of the air force, fine magnetic and non-magnetic materials are conveyed upward along the feeding pipe 1. The air force causes the fine materials to be completely separated. The material enters the U-shaped roller 6. Since an adjustable electromagnet 9 is fixedly installed inside the U-shaped roller 6, the adjustable electromagnet... Under the magnetic force of 9, the magnetic material will adhere to the surface of the U-shaped drum 6. As the U-shaped drum 6 rotates, the magnetic force on the magnetic material adhering to the surface of the U-shaped drum 6 will gradually decrease. When the magnetic material rotates to the magnetic ore discharge pipe 12, the magnetic force on the magnetic ore in the magnetic material is relatively small. Under the action of the wind force blown out of the magnetic ore discharge pipe 14 and its own gravity, the weaker magnetic material can be blown off the U-shaped drum 6 and fall into the magnetic ore discharge pipe 12, thus realizing the sorting of the weaker magnetic material. The stronger magnetic materials in the magnetic materials are still subject to a relatively large magnetic force, and the airflow from the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 14 is insufficient to blow them off the U-shaped drum 6. When the U-shaped drum 6 continues to rotate to the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe 13, since the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe 13 is far from the adjustable electromagnet 9, the stronger magnetic materials attached to the surface of the U-shaped drum 6 are no longer attracted by the magnetic force. Under the action of the airflow from the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 15 and their own gravity, the stronger magnetic materials can be blown off the U-shaped drum 6 and fall into the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe 13, thus achieving the separation of the stronger magnetic materials. This cycle repeats continuously. The separated tailings are then sucked into the magnetic tailings suction device 11 for storage.

[0034] To prevent the adjustable electromagnet 9 installed inside the U-shaped roller 6 from contacting it during rotation, the roller is designed with a U-shaped structure, i.e., an opening on one side. The adjustable electromagnet 9 extends into the U-shaped roller 6 from the opening side, and the other end of the adjustable electromagnet 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the feeding pipe 1 for fixation. The bottom plate on the other side of the U-shaped roller 6 is used to fix it to the rotating shaft 7, thereby driving the U-shaped roller 6 to rotate under the drive of the drive motor 8.

[0035] Both the magnetic ore discharge duct 14 and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 15 have a flat air distribution device 18 connected to their outlet ends. The inlets of the two air distribution devices 18 are connected to the magnetic ore discharge duct 14 and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 15, respectively. The width of the outlet of the air distribution device 18 is equal to the width of the U-shaped drum 6. Multiple air distribution plates 19 are staggered and obliquely arranged inside the air distribution device 18. The upper openings of the magnetic ore discharge duct 12 and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 13 are both larger than the width of the U-shaped drum 6. By setting up the air distribution device 18, the airflow from the magnetic ore discharge duct 14 and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 15 can be effectively distributed across the entire width of the U-shaped drum 6, thus better separating materials with weaker and stronger magnetic properties. The air distribution plates 19 ensure that the airflow from each position of the air distribution device 18 is approximately uniform. The upper openings of both the magnetic middlings discharge pipe 12 and the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe 13 are larger than the width of the U-shaped drum 6 to prevent magnetic minerals falling from the U-shaped drum 6 from falling outside the discharge pipe.

[0036] Both air distribution devices 18 are located near the outer ends of the two discharge ducts. The air distribution device 18 connected to the magnetic middlings discharge duct 14 has an upward-opening angle, while the air distribution device 18 connected to the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 15 has a downward-opening angle. This arrangement allows weaker magnetic materials to fall into the magnetic middlings discharge duct 12 under the force of the air blown out of the discharge ducts, while stronger magnetic materials fall into the magnetic concentrate discharge duct 13.

[0037] The adjustable electromagnet 9 is connected to an arc-shaped support ring 20 at one end. The two are combined to form a cylindrical structure. One end of the support ring 20 is also connected to a connecting block 10. The connecting block 10 extends from the open end of the U-shaped roller 6 and is fixedly connected to the support column 21 on the outside of the feeding pipe 1. Multiple collars 22 are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 7 inside the cylindrical structure. Multiple support rods 23 are arrayed on the collars 22. The ends of the support rods 23 are connected to inner support wheels 24. The inner support wheels 24 abut against the inner wall of the cylindrical structure. Multiple annular grooves 25 are provided on the inner wall of the U-shaped roller 6. Multiple outer support wheels 26 are fixed on the annular grooves 25. The outer support wheels 26 abut against the outer wall of the cylindrical structure.

[0038] Because the U-shaped roller 6 is open on one side, only one bottom plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 7, and there is no support on the open side, causing the U-shaped roller 6 to tend to bend inwards near the open side. Similarly, the adjustable electromagnet 9 also tends to bend inwards on the side away from the connecting block 10. To ensure the overall structure is balanced, the above-mentioned structure is provided, using the collar 22, support rod 23, and inner support wheel 24 to support the entire cylindrical structure and prevent inward bending. The outer support wheel 26 supports the U-shaped roller 6 and prevents it from bending inwards.

[0039] The outer support wheel 26 is used to support the open end of the U-shaped roller 6, so the annular groove 25 can be set on the side close to the open end of the U-shaped roller 6.

[0040] The adjustable electromagnet 9 is located in the middle of the U-shaped roller 6, and its width is smaller than the width of the U-shaped roller 6, ensuring that the magnetic minerals are concentrated and adsorbed at the middle position in the width direction of the U-shaped roller 6. The pipe body at the installation port of the feeding pipe 1 is a square pipe, and a groove 27 is provided on the inner wall of the pipe body at the installation port. An elastic material layer 28 is provided on the side wall of the groove 27. Both ends of the U-shaped roller 6 extend into the groove 27, and the elastic material layer 28 abuts against the surface of the U-shaped roller 6. This arrangement prevents magnetic materials from passing through the gap between the U-shaped roller 6 and the feeding pipe 1 and being adsorbed onto the adjustable electromagnet 9.

[0041] A triangular cone 29 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe 1 between the feed inlet 2 and the air inlet 4. The bottom slope of the cone 29 is located on the extension line of the upper edge of the air inlet 4, and the upper slope of the cone 29 is located below the lower edge of the feed inlet 2. That is, there is a certain distance between the upper slope of the cone 29 and the feed inlet 2. By setting a cone 29 between the feed inlet 2 and the air inlet 4, large particles can be prevented from sliding down the inner wall of the feed pipe 1 and falling into the air inlet 4, thus blocking the air pipe. Secondly, the bottom slope of the cone 29 is located on the extension line of the upper edge of the air inlet 4, so that the wind can enter the feed pipe 1 along the bottom edge of the cone and act well on the material sliding down the upper slope of the cone 29. The upper slope of the cone 29 is located below the lower edge of the feed inlet 2, so that the material does not slide down from the feed inlet 2 to the surface of the cone, but falls to the surface of the cone. After falling, the material is dispersed on the upper slope of the cone 29, thus preventing the material from piling up and sliding down, facilitating the separation of particles of different sizes, and making it convenient to transport small particles upward under the action of wind.

[0042] To facilitate the sliding of minerals, the feed inlet 2 is designed to open at an angle downwards. To prevent a large amount of air from overflowing from the feed inlet 2 during the upward conveying of air along the feeding pipe 1, a movable baffle 30 is installed at the feed inlet 2. The upper end of the movable baffle 30 is rotatably connected to the top of the feed inlet 2. The outer wall of the upper end of the movable baffle 30 is connected to the fixed frame 32 at the feed inlet 2 via a return spring 31. During the feeding process, the material squeezes the movable baffle 30, causing the movable baffle 30 to rotate and open so that the material can slide out. During the rotation and opening of the movable baffle 30, the return spring 31 is stretched. Under the elastic force of the return spring 31, the movable baffle 30 only maintains a small opening, thereby preventing a large amount of air from overflowing from the feed inlet 2.

[0043] A material distribution plate 33 is installed at the feed port 2 above the tail end of the raw ore conveying equipment 3 to ensure that the material is fed into the feed port 2 evenly.

[0044] A hollow cover 34 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the feeding pipe 1 above the feed inlet 2. The feeding pipe 1, which is covered by the cover 34, has numerous upwardly oriented ventilation holes 35. The cover 34 is connected to a second fan 36. The interior of the cover 34 is divided into two chambers, left and right, by a baffle 37. Each chamber is connected to a corresponding second fan 36. The airflow from the second fan 36 enters the cover 34 and then enters the feeding pipe 1 through the upwardly oriented ventilation holes 35, thereby reinforcing the airflow within the feeding pipe 1 and ensuring that fine particles of material can be conveyed to the adjustable electromagnet 9 under the action of the airflow. Each chamber of the cover 34 is connected to a second fan 36. Each second fan 36 enhances the airflow within a 180-degree area inside the feeding pipe 1, ensuring that airflow enhancement can be achieved in every part of the feeding pipe 1. The cover 34 is divided into two chambers by the baffle 37 to prevent the airflow of the two second fans 36 from canceling each other out inside the cover 34.

[0045] The raw ore conveying equipment 3, the first blower 5, the adjustable electromagnet 9, the magnetic tailings suction device 11, the magnetic middlings discharge blower 16, the magnetic concentrate discharge blower 17, and the second blower 36 are all electrically connected to the control system. For different types and sizes of minerals, the control system can adjust the magnetic force of the adjustable electromagnet 9, the output airflow of the first blower 5, the magnetic tailings suction device 11, the magnetic middlings discharge blower 16, the magnetic concentrate discharge blower 17, and the second blower 36, as well as the feed rate of the raw ore conveying equipment 3, thereby adapting to the sorting of different types and sizes of minerals.

[0046] The bottom of the feeding pipe 1 is a coarse particle outlet, and a coarse particle conveying device 38 is installed below the coarse particle outlet. During the sorting process, large particles of material fall from the coarse particle outlet at the bottom of the feeding pipe 1 onto the coarse particle conveying device 38 under the action of gravity. The coarse particle conveying device 38 then sends them out for collection, and then they are crushed into smaller particles for easier sorting.

[0047] The feed inlet 2 and air inlet 4 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. Correspondingly, the raw ore conveying equipment 3 and the first blower 5 are also arranged in two sets to improve the sorting efficiency.

Claims

1. A dry airflow drum magnetic separator, characterized in that: It includes a vertically arranged feeding pipe (1), a feed inlet (2) is provided on the middle of the feeding pipe (1), a raw ore conveying device (3) is installed at the feed inlet (2), an air inlet (4) is provided obliquely upward on the feeding pipe (1) directly below the feed inlet (2), the air inlet (4) is connected to the first blower (5) through a pipe, an installation port is provided on the upper side of the feeding pipe (1), a U-shaped roller (6) is provided at the installation port, the center of the bottom plate of the U-shaped roller (6) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (7), the rotating shaft (7) passes through the feeding pipe (1) and is connected to the external drive motor (8), an adjustable electromagnet (9) with an arc structure is provided inside the U-shaped roller (6) near the inner side of the installation port, the adjustable electromagnet (9) 9) One end is connected to a connecting block (10), which extends from the opening end of the U-shaped drum (6) and is fixed on the inner wall of the feeding pipe (1). The top end of the feeding pipe (1) is connected to a magnetic tailings suction device (11). The outer wall of the feeding pipe (1) below the installation port is provided with a magnetic medium ore discharge pipe (12) and a magnetic concentrate discharge pipe (13) from the inside to the outside. The upper ends of the magnetic medium ore discharge pipe (12) and the magnetic concentrate discharge pipe (13) are respectively provided with magnetic medium ore discharge air pipe (14) and magnetic concentrate discharge air pipe (15) facing the U-shaped drum (6). The magnetic medium ore discharge air pipe (14) and the magnetic concentrate discharge air pipe (15) are respectively connected to the magnetic medium ore discharge fan (16) and the magnetic concentrate discharge fan (17). The adjustable electromagnet (9) is connected to an arc-shaped support ring (20) at one end. The two are combined to form a cylindrical structure. One end of the support ring (20) is also connected to a connecting block (10). The connecting block (10) extends from the opening end of the U-shaped roller (6) and is fixedly connected to the support column (21). Multiple collars (22) are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (7) inside the cylindrical structure. Multiple support rods (23) are arrayed on the collars (22). The end of the support rod (23) is connected to an inner support wheel (24). The inner support wheel (24) abuts against the inner wall of the cylindrical structure. Multiple annular grooves (25) are provided on the inner wall of the U-shaped roller (6). Multiple outer support wheels (26) are fixed on the annular grooves (25). The outer support wheels (26) abut against the outer wall of the cylindrical structure. A cone (29) with a triangular cross section is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feeding pipe (1) between the ore feed port (2) and the air inlet (4). The bottom slope of the cone (29) is located on the extension line of the upper edge of the air inlet (4), and the upper slope of the cone (29) is located below the lower edge of the ore feed port (2). A movable baffle (30) is provided at the ore feed port (2). The upper outer wall of the movable baffle (30) is connected to the fixed frame (32) at the ore feed port (2) via a reset spring (31). A material equalization plate (33) is provided at the ore feed port (2) above the tail end of the raw ore conveying equipment (3). A hollow cover (34) is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the feeding pipe (1) above the ore inlet (2). The feeding pipe (1) covered by the cover (34) has densely arranged upward ventilation holes (35). The cover (34) is connected to the second fan (36). The inside of the cover (34) is divided into two chambers, left and right, by a baffle (37). Each chamber is connected to a second fan (36).

2. The dry airflow drum magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet ends of the magnetic ore discharge duct (14) and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct (15) are each connected to a flat air distribution device (18). The width of the air outlet of the air distribution device (18) is equal to the width of the U-shaped roller (6). Multiple air distribution plates (19) are staggered and obliquely arranged inside the air distribution device (18). The upper openings of the magnetic ore discharge duct (12) and the magnetic concentrate discharge duct (13) are both larger than the width of the U-shaped roller (6).

3. A dry airflow drum magnetic separator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both air equalization devices (18) are located near the outer ends of the two discharge ducts. The air equalization device (18) connected to the magnetic medium ore discharge duct (14) is set with an upward opening, and the air equalization device (18) connected to the magnetic concentrate discharge duct (15) is set with a downward opening.

4. A dry airflow drum magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular groove (25) is located near the opening end of the U-shaped roller (6); the adjustable electromagnet (9) is located in the middle of the U-shaped roller (6) and its width is smaller than the width of the U-shaped roller (6); the pipe body at the installation port of the feeding pipe (1) is a square pipe, and a sink groove (27) is provided on the inner wall of the pipe body at the installation port. An elastic material layer (28) is provided on the side wall of the sink groove (27). The two ends of the U-shaped roller (6) extend into the sink groove (27), and the elastic material layer (28) abuts against the surface of the U-shaped roller (6).

5. A dry airflow drum magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw ore conveying equipment (3), the first fan (5), the adjustable electromagnet (9), the magnetic tailings suction device (11), the magnetic middlings discharge fan (16), the magnetic concentrate discharge fan (17), and the second fan (36) are all electrically connected to the control system.

6. A dry airflow drum magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the feeding pipe (1) is a coarse particle outlet, and a coarse particle conveying device (38) is provided below the coarse particle outlet; the ore feed port (2) and the air inlet (4) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right.

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