Ratchet tool

Abstract

The application discloses a ratchet tool, comprising: a housing comprising a grip; a motor comprising a drive shaft rotating around a first axis; a ratchet mechanism driven by the drive shaft; the ratchet mechanism comprising: an output shaft rotating around an output axis and a pawl, the rotation direction of the output shaft being controlled by the position of the pawl; wherein, when the pawl is in a first position, the output shaft rotates in a first direction; when the pawl is in a second position, the output shaft moves in a second direction; a controller for controlling the motor; the controller is configured to: according to the load parameter of the output shaft, the controller controls the motor to repeatedly change the rotation direction of the drive shaft. The above scheme can improve the fastening effect of the fastener.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a power tool, specifically a ratchet tool. Background Technology

[0002] Ratchet tools are used to apply torque to fasteners to tighten or loosen them. They utilize the engagement of a ratchet and pawl, allowing the operator to transmit rotational torque with just a small movement of the handle. Electric ratchet tools use a motor to drive the ratchet assembly, thus tightening or loosening fasteners. Generally, electric ratchet tools typically drive the motor in only one direction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a ratchet tool that improves the fastening effect of fasteners.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: A ratchet tool includes: a housing having a gripping portion formed or connected thereto; a motor including a drive shaft rotating about a first axis; a ratchet mechanism driven by the drive shaft; the ratchet mechanism including an output shaft and a pawl rotating about an output axis, the rotation direction of the output shaft being controlled by the position of the pawl; wherein, when the pawl is in a first position, the output shaft rotates in a first direction; when the pawl is in a second position, the output shaft moves in a second direction; and a controller for controlling the motor; the controller is configured to control the motor to repeatedly change the rotation direction of the drive shaft according to load parameters of the output shaft.

[0005] In some embodiments, the ratchet tool further includes a detection mechanism for detecting load parameters of the output shaft, the load parameters of the output shaft including at least one of motor voltage, motor current and motor speed.

[0006] In some embodiments, the ratchet tool includes a selectable first mode and a second mode, wherein when the ratchet tool is in the first mode, the controller is configured to control the motor to repeatedly change the rotation direction of the drive shaft according to the load parameters of the output shaft.

[0007] In some embodiments, when the ratchet tool is in the second mode, the controller is configured to control the drive shaft of the motor to rotate in a set direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the ratchet tool further includes a speed adjustment component configured to adjust the rotational speed of the output shaft.

[0009] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the motor speed according to input parameters set by the speed regulation component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the speed regulation assembly further includes an operating element electrically connected to the controller, the operating element being used to set input parameters.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ratchet tool further includes a transmission assembly, and a speed adjustment assembly is connected to the transmission assembly, wherein the transmission assembly connects the motor and the ratchet assembly, and the speed adjustment assembly is mechanically coupled to the transmission assembly to adjust the transmission ratio of the transmission assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the ratchet tool further includes a human-machine interface component electrically connected to the controller. The human-machine interface component is configured to switch between a first mode and a second mode of the ratchet tool. The human-machine interface component is disposed at the front end or rear end of the grip.

[0013] A ratchet tool includes: a housing with a gripping portion formed or connected thereto; a motor including a drive shaft rotating about a first axis; a ratchet mechanism driven by the drive shaft; the ratchet mechanism including an output shaft and a pawl rotating about an output axis, the rotation direction of the output shaft being controlled by the position of the pawl; wherein, when the pawl is in a first position, the output shaft rotates in a first direction; when the pawl is in a second position, the output shaft moves in a second direction; a controller for controlling the motor; a human-machine interface component coupled to the controller; the ratchet tool includes a selectable first mode and a second mode, wherein, when the ratchet tool is in the first mode, the controller controls the output state of the motor according to the load parameters of the output shaft; when the ratchet tool is in the second mode, the controller controls the output state of the motor according to set input information, and the human-machine interface component is used to switch the mode of the ratchet tool and / or set input information.

[0014] This application provides a ratchet tool that determines the load state of the output shaft by the output shaft load parameters, thereby driving the motor to repeatedly adjust forward and reverse. After the fastener is tightened, the motor reverses and re-engages, causing the ratchet teeth and pawl teeth to tighten the fastener again, thereby improving the tightening effect of the fastener. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment in this application; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of an embodiment in this application; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Partial half-section view; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the human-computer interaction component; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure from another perspective; Figure 6This is another embodiment of the present application, in which the position of the human-computer interaction component is different; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism and ratchet mechanism in this application; Figure 8 This is a sectional view of the ratchet mechanism structure; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the transmission mechanism; Figure 10 This is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment in this application; Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the control method of the ratchet tool in an embodiment of this application. Implementation

[0016] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0018] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0019] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following are also defined: Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top, bottom, left, right, front, and back sides are shown.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2A ratchet tool according to one embodiment of this application is shown. In this embodiment, the ratchet tool is a ratchet wrench 100. It will be understood that in other alternative embodiments, the ratchet tool may be equipped with different working attachments.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the ratchet wrench 100 includes a DC power supply 30. The DC power supply 30 provides electrical energy to the ratchet wrench 100. In this embodiment, the DC power supply 30 is a battery pack, which, in conjunction with a corresponding power circuit, supplies power to the ratchet wrench 100. Those skilled in the art should understand that the DC power supply 30 is not limited to the use of a battery pack; it can be a built-in rechargeable battery or a standard battery. It is understood that the ratchet wrench 100 can also supply power to corresponding components within the machine via mains power or AC power, in conjunction with corresponding rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation circuits. In the following description, the battery pack 30 will be used instead of the DC power supply, but this should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ratchet wrench 100 includes: a housing 11, a motor 12, a transmission mechanism 14, a ratchet mechanism 15, and an output shaft 13. The housing 11 includes: a main housing 111, a head housing 114 that accommodates at least a portion of the output shaft 13, and a power connection portion 115 for connecting to a battery pack 30. The housing 11 extends generally parallel to the first axis 101. In this embodiment, the power connection portion 115 is located behind the main housing 111, and the head housing 114 is located in front of the main housing 111. The power connection portion 115 includes a connecting portion 116 for detachable connection to the battery pack 30. In this embodiment, the main housing 111 is generally tubular. The motor 12 and the transmission mechanism 14 are at least partially disposed within the main housing 111. The main housing 111 includes a grip portion 113 for holding and a motor housing 112. The grip portion 113 is closer to the power connection portion 115. The motor housing 112 is closer to the head housing 114. The head housing 114 is secured around the outer circumference of the end of the main housing 111 by fasteners. The ratchet mechanism 15 and the output shaft 13 are at least partially disposed within the head housing 114. In some alternative embodiments, interference fits, snap-fit ​​connections, plug-in connections, pin connections, etc., can also be used. Any connection method that can securely fasten the head housing 114 to the main housing 111 and facilitate assembly and disassembly should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] Motor 12 includes a drive shaft 121 rotatable about a drive axis. In this embodiment, the drive axis coincides with a first axis 101. In other alternative embodiments, the drive axis is parallel to but not coincident with the first axis 101. In other alternative embodiments, the drive axis and the first axis 101 are at an angle. In this embodiment, motor 12 is specifically an electric motor, and in the following description, "motor 12" will be used instead of "motor," but this should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In this embodiment, motor 12 is a three-phase brushless motor, including a rotor with permanent magnets and three-phase stator windings U, V, W that are electronically commutated. In some embodiments, the three-phase stator windings U, V, W are connected in a star configuration, and in other embodiments, they are connected in a delta configuration. However, it must be understood that other types of brushless motors are also within the scope of this disclosure. Brushless motors may include fewer or more than three phases.

[0025] The ratchet wrench 100 also includes a main switch 16, which is mounted on the grip 113. When the user grips the grip 113, the user can relatively easily trigger the switch, which can be set as the main switch 16 for activating the ratchet wrench 100.

[0026] The output shaft 13 receives torque from the motor 12 and outputs power. The front end of the output shaft 13 is provided with a clamping assembly or receiving portion, which can clamp corresponding working accessories, such as screwdrivers, drill bits, and sockets, when performing different functions. The output shaft 13 rotates about an output axis, which in this embodiment is a second axis 102. The second axis 102 is orthogonal to the first axis 101. In some alternative embodiments, the second axis 102 intersects the first axis 101 at a certain angle.

[0027] A transmission mechanism 14 is disposed between the motor 12 and the output shaft 13, and is used to transmit power between the motor 12 and the output shaft 13. The transmission mechanism 14 includes a planetary gear set for speed reduction, which converts the output speed of the motor 12 according to a certain transmission ratio to achieve a suitable torque. It is understood that this embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, and the transmission mechanism 14 is not limited to a planetary gear reduction mechanism, but can also be other reduction mechanisms, such as a bevel gear reduction mechanism.

[0028] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the ratchet mechanism 15 includes an eccentric member 151, a swing member 152, a pawl 153, a ratchet 154, and an anvil 155. One end of the eccentric member 151 is connected to the planetary gear train to prevent rotation, and the other end of the eccentric member 151 is provided with an eccentric portion 1511. The swing member 152 is pivotally connected to the head housing 114.

[0029] The eccentric portion 1511 is connected to the oscillating member 152 to convert the rotational motion of the drive shaft 121 around the first axis 101 into the reciprocating oscillation of the oscillating member 152 around the second axis 102. It can be understood that "reciprocating oscillation" refers to back-and-forth movement around a certain position. In this embodiment, "reciprocating oscillation around the second axis" can be understood as moving along a first direction (e.g., clockwise) and a second direction (e.g., counterclockwise) with the second axis 102 as the axis. Specifically, the oscillating member 152 is provided with a recess 1521 corresponding to the eccentric portion 1511 of the eccentric member 151, and a drive sleeve 1512 that mates with the recess 1521 is fitted onto the eccentric portion 1511. The drive sleeve 1512 rotates eccentrically around the central axis of the eccentric member 151, and during its eccentric rotation, the drive sleeve 1512 drives the oscillating member 152 to periodically reciprocate around the second axis 102.

[0030] The anvil 155 is used to pivotally support the swing member 152 within the head housing 114. The output shaft 13 is formed or connected to the anvil 155. It is understood that the anvil 155 and the output shaft 13 may be integrally formed or separate independent parts.

[0031] A ratchet 154 is formed or connected to the oscillating member 152. In this embodiment, the ratchet 154 is integrally formed with the oscillating member 152. The ratchet 154 is provided with a central hole 1542 for receiving an anvil 155. A pawl 153 is connected to the anvil 155 via a first pin 156. The ratchet 154 is provided with ratchet teeth 1541 that engage with the pawl 153. The pawl 153 includes a first set of teeth 1531 and a second set of teeth 1532 spaced apart from the first set of teeth 1531. The pawl 153 is rotatable about the first pin 156, such that either the first set of teeth 1531 or the second set of teeth 1532 engages with the ratchet teeth 1541, while the other set of teeth is spaced apart from the ratchet teeth 1541. Figure 8 As shown, the first set of teeth 1531 engages with the ratchet teeth 1541. At this time, when the ratchet 154 is driven by the oscillating element 152 to oscillate clockwise relative to the anvil 155 around the second axis 102, the ratchet teeth 1541 engage with the angled first set of teeth 1531 on the pawl 153. Consequently, the ratchet 154 drives the anvil 155 to rotate clockwise around the second axis 102, meaning the output shaft 13 rotates in the first direction (clockwise). Since the ratchet 154's movement is a reciprocating oscillation, it is then driven to oscillate counterclockwise relative to the anvil 155 around the second axis 102. At this point, the ratchet teeth 1541 slide past the pawl 153, and the pawl 153 stops rotating, meaning the anvil 155 stops rotating. This ensures that movement in only one direction is transmitted from the ratchet 154 to the output shaft 13, and the rotation direction of the output shaft 13 is controlled by the pawl 153.

[0032] To facilitate changing the rotation direction of the output shaft 13, the ratchet mechanism 15 further includes a direction selector 157. The direction selector 157 includes a shaft portion 1572 and an operating portion 1571. In this embodiment, the shaft portion 1572 extends into the anvil 155. The operating portion 1571 is at least partially disposed on the outside of the head housing 114 for user operation. The direction selector 157 also includes a biasing assembly comprising a spring 1573 and a spring cap 1574. The spring 1573 and spring cap 1574 are inserted into the shaft portion 1572 of the direction selector 157 to support the pawl 153 and bias a set of teeth against the ratchet teeth 1541. In this embodiment, the direction selector 157 rotates about a second axis 102. In other embodiments, the direction selector 157 can change the position of the pawl 153 by rotation, actuation, or electric means about other axes.

[0033] As the direction selector 157 rotates about the second axis 102, the spring cap 1574 moves along the pawl 153 to cause the pawl 153 to rotate about the pin. More specifically, when the line of action of the biasing force of the spring cap 1574 and the spring 1573 crosses the pivot axis of the pawl 153 (i.e., the axis of the first pin 156, which is parallel to the second axis 102), the biasing force deflects the pawl 153 to engage either the first set of teeth 1531 or the second set of teeth 1532 onto the ratchet 154. In this embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, when the direction selector 157 drives the pawl 153 to the first position, the output shaft 13 rotates in the first direction. When the direction selector 157 drives the pawl 153 to the second position, the output shaft 13 moves in the second direction.

[0034] In other configurations of the ratchet wrench 100, the ratchet mechanism 15 may alternatively include a double pawl design. The above is not intended to limit the essential nature of the invention.

[0035] Because the rotation direction of the output shaft 13 is related to the position of the pawl 153. In this embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, when the direction selector 157 drives the pawl 153 to the first position, regardless of whether the motor 12 rotates forward or backward, the first set of teeth 1531 engages with the ratchet teeth 1541. When the ratchet 154 is driven by the swinging member 152 to swing clockwise relative to the anvil 155 around the second axis 102, the ratchet 154 drives the anvil 155 to rotate clockwise around the second axis 102 together, that is, the output shaft 13 rotates around the first direction (clockwise).

[0036] In this embodiment, the ratchet wrench 100 includes a controller 171 for controlling the motor 12. Assuming the operator uses the direction selector 157 to position the pawl 153 in a first position, causing the output shaft 13 to rotate in a first direction, the controller 171 is configured to control the motor 12 to repeatedly change the rotation direction of the drive shaft 121 based on the load parameters of the output shaft 13. That is, the load parameters of the output shaft 13 can characterize the load state of the output shaft 13, and the controller 171 switches the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 12 based on the load state of the output shaft 13. In this embodiment, when the ratchet wrench 100 is working, if the bolt being operated is tightened to a certain extent, the output torque of the ratchet wrench 100 cannot continue to tighten the bolt. At this time, the output shaft 13 cannot rotate, and the motor 12 is in a stalled state. In related technologies, at this time, the motor 12 enters stall protection and stops. The bolt cannot be tightened further. In this application, when the output shaft 13 is under heavy load or the motor 12 is in a stalled state, the controller 171 sends a signal to change the rotation direction of the motor 12 based on the load parameters of the output shaft 13. At this time, the eccentric member 151 changes its rotation direction, and the swing member 152 is driven by the eccentric member 151 to change its swing direction. If a stall occurs, the ratchet 154 rotates in the first direction (clockwise), and the ratchet teeth 1541 mesh with the second set of teeth 1532 of the pawl 153. When the swing member 152 changes its swing direction, the ratchet 154 rotates in the second direction, so that the ratchet teeth 1541 and the second set of teeth 1532 of the pawl 153 can slide. At this time, the motor 12 is no longer in a stalled state. Motor 12 continues to reverse. When the swinging component 152 swings back to the first direction (clockwise), the second set of teeth 1532 of the ratchet 1541 and pawl 153 mesh again, accumulating energy. At this time, the energy between the ratchet 1541 and pawl 153 teeth increases, which in turn drives the output shaft 13 to rotate again. This process is equivalent to an impact. Repeating the above process will make the operated bolt tighter. It should be explained that this application does not increase the output torque. Instead, it releases and accumulates energy between the ratchet 1541 and pawl 153 teeth by re-engaging the ratchet after the stall.

[0037] like Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, the controller 171 is mounted on a control circuit board (not shown in the figure), which includes a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit Board). The controller 171 uses a dedicated control chip, such as a microcontroller or a microcontroller unit (MCU). The ratchet wrench 100 also includes a drive circuit 17, which is electrically connected to the stator windings U, V, and W of the motor 12, for transmitting current from the battery pack 30 to the stator windings U, V, and W to drive the motor 12 to rotate. In one embodiment, the drive circuit 17 includes multiple switching elements Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6. The gate of each switching element is electrically connected to the controller 171 to receive control signals from the controller 171. The drain or source of each switching element is connected to the stator windings U, V, and W of the motor 12. Switching elements Q1-Q6 receive control signals from controller 171 and change their respective conduction states, thereby altering the current applied by battery pack 30 to the stator windings U, V, and W of motor 12. In one embodiment, drive circuit 17 may be a three-phase bridge driver circuit comprising six controllable semiconductor power devices (e.g., FETs, BJTs, IGBTs, etc.). It is understood that the aforementioned switching elements may also be any other type of solid-state switch, such as insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), etc.

[0038] The controller 171 specifically controls the on / off state of the switching elements in the drive circuit 17 through a control chip. The control chip controls the switching elements in the drive circuit 17 to be in an on / off state based on the control signal from the controller 171. In some embodiments, the control signal from the controller 171 is a PWM control signal. It should be noted that the control chip can be integrated into the controller 171, or it can be set independently of the controller 171. The structural relationship between the drive chip and the controller 171 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0039] The ratchet wrench 100 includes a detection mechanism 18 for detecting the load parameters of the output shaft 13. In this embodiment, the load parameters of the output shaft 13 are compared with a first preset value, wherein the first preset value is set according to different load parameters characterizing the output shaft 13.

[0040] In this embodiment, the load parameters of the output shaft 13 are characterized using the rotational parameters of the output shaft 13 or the drive shaft 121, further characterizing the stall condition of the motor 12. The rotational parameters of the output shaft 13 or the drive shaft 121 include at least one of the following: rotational speed of the output shaft 13 or the drive shaft 121, rotational angle of the output shaft 13 or the drive shaft 121, and rotational acceleration of the output shaft 13 or the drive shaft 121. In some embodiments, the detection mechanism 18 includes a first detection component 181. The first detection component 181 is used to detect the rotational parameters of the output shaft 13 or the drive shaft 121. The first detection component 181 includes a position sensor, specifically a photodiode sensor, a magnetic sensor, or a potentiometer. The first detection component 181 can also be a rotation sensor, specifically a gyroscope sensor. The gyroscope sensor can be a single-axis, two-axis, or three-axis microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor or a rotational sensor. A first threshold value corresponding to the parameters is preset in the controller 171. The first threshold corresponds to the drive shaft 121 being unloaded or lightly loaded. When the rotation parameters of the drive shaft 121 are less than the first threshold, it indicates that the motor 12 has entered a stall state.

[0041] In some embodiments, the load parameters of the output shaft 13 can also be characterized based on the electrical parameters of the motor 12. The detection mechanism 18 includes a second detection component 182. The second detection component 182 is used to detect at least one of the current, freewheeling time, and commutation parameters of the motor 12. After the controller 171 obtains the detection value of the second detection component 182, it compares it with a preset threshold to determine the load of the output shaft 13, thereby determining whether the motor 12 is stalled. Since this is already fully disclosed to those skilled in the art, detailed descriptions are omitted here for the sake of brevity. The first detection component 181 and the second detection component 182 can be provided individually or simultaneously, depending on the actual product requirements.

[0042] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment also discloses a control method for a ratchet wrench 100, specifically including: S110: Start motor 12; The controller 171 responds to the trigger signal of the main switch 16 and controls the output of the drive circuit 17 to start the motor 12.

[0043] S120: Determine the load state of the output shaft 13 based on the load parameters of the output shaft 13.

[0044] S130: When it is determined that the output shaft 13 is under heavy load or the motor 12 is in a stalled state, the motor 12 is controlled to periodically change the rotation direction of the drive shaft 121.

[0045] To expand the usability of the ratchet wrench 100 and cater to different user habits, this embodiment includes a selectable first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the controller 171 is configured to control the motor 12 to repeatedly change the rotation direction of the drive shaft 121 based on the load parameters of the output shaft 13. In the second mode, the controller 171 is configured to control the motor 12 to drive the drive shaft 121 to rotate in a set direction. That is, in addition to the first mode described above, the ratchet wrench 100 also retains the conventional mode where the operator automatically selects whether the motor rotates forward or backward.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, to facilitate user setup and operation, the ratchet tool includes a human-machine interface component 19. The human-machine interface component 19 is coupled to a controller 171 and inputs signals to the controller 171. In this embodiment, the human-machine interface component 19 includes an operating element 191 and a second controller 173. The second controller 173 is coupled to the controller 171. In this embodiment, the second controller 173 is mounted on a second control circuit board 172. The second control circuit board 172 includes a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit Board). The second controller 173 uses a dedicated control chip, such as a microcontroller or a microcontroller unit (MCU). It is understood that the controller 171 is used for the motor 12 and is the main controller 171 of the ratchet wrench 100. The second controller 173 controls the human-machine interface component 19 and is coupled to the operating element 191. The operating element 191 includes a display unit 1911 and an input unit 1912. The display unit 1911 is used to provide feedback, i.e., information prompts, to the user. The display unit 1911 may be, for example, a status indicator light, an audio prompt, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) display, including an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, or an organic electroluminescent (EL) display. The input unit 1912 may be a button, a keypad, a rotary knob, etc. In some embodiments, the display unit 1911 is configured as a touchpad, so that the display unit 1911 and the input unit 1912 are combined into one. In other alternative embodiments, the input unit 1912 may also be replaced by an external device, such as a smartphone, tablet computer, laptop computer, etc.

[0047] like Figures 3 to 4The second control circuit board 172 extends within the first plane S1. The second control circuit board 172 intersects the first axis 101 at an angle. It is understood that when the second control circuit board 172 is a board-like structure such as a PCB board, the entire second control circuit board 172 extends within the first plane S1. If the second control circuit board 172 is an FPC circuit board, the entire FPC circuit board extends within the first plane S1 after being mounted on the ratchet wrench 100. In this embodiment, the angle α between the first axis 101 and the first plane S1 is less than or equal to 45°. In this embodiment, the angle α between the first axis 101 and the first plane S1 is less than or equal to 30°.

[0048] In this embodiment, the second control circuit board 172 at least partially overlaps with the battery pack 30 along the first axis, i.e., in the front-to-back direction. That is, there is at least one third straight line extending in the vertical direction, passing through both the second control circuit board 172 and the battery pack 30. The input portion 1912 of the human-machine interface component 19 includes a contact surface 1912a for contact with a user's finger or hand. The contact surface 1912a is parallel to the first plane S1. An operating element 191 is disposed on the second side surface S2 of the power connection portion 115. The second side surface S2 is located at the rear end of the connecting portion 116 or on the side of the power connection portion 115 opposite to the connecting portion 116. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 116 is located on the side closer to the working surface, i.e., the lower side, and the second side surface is located on the upper side. In some alternative embodiments, the second side surface may be located on the rear side of the connecting portion 116, i.e., the rear side of the ratchet wrench 100, which is more in line with human-machine operation habits.

[0049] like Figure 6 As an alternative embodiment of the operating element 191', the main switch 16, i.e., the trigger switch, is located below the grip portion 113. The operating element 191' is located on the upper or lower side of the motor housing 112. This allows the user to easily see the display on the human-machine interface component 19 during operation.

[0050] As is known in related technologies, the rotational speed of motor 12 is adjusted according to the trigger stroke of the main switch 16, i.e., the trigger switch. In this embodiment, the trigger switch is coupled to a sliding rheostat; different trigger strokes result in different analog signals output by the sliding rheostat. The trigger stroke of the trigger switch is positively correlated with the duty cycle of the PWM signal of motor 12, and the duty cycle of the PWM signal is positively correlated with the rotational speed of motor 12. When the trigger stroke of the trigger switch is small, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is also small, and at this time, the rotational speed of motor 12 is also small.

[0051] In some embodiments, the ratchet wrench 100 stores a mapping relationship between the trigger stroke of the trigger switch and the PWM signal. This mapping relationship can be linear or non-linear, and the embodiments of this application do not limit it.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ratchet wrench 100 includes a speed adjustment component. The speed adjustment component is used to control the adjustable speed range of the trigger switch.

[0053] In this embodiment, the speed regulating component is mechanically coupled to the transmission component to adjust the transmission ratio of the transmission component. For ease of reference, the speed regulating component using mechanical means is defined as the first regulating component.

[0054] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the transmission mechanism 14 includes a multi-stage transmission group. In this embodiment, the multi-stage transmission group is a multi-stage planetary transmission group. Each planetary transmission group includes a planetary gear, a planetary gear carrier for mounting the planetary gear, and an internal gear ring meshing with the planetary gear. At least one stage of the multi-stage planetary transmission group has an adjustable transmission ratio. The planetary gear carrier in the planetary transmission group closest to the ratchet mechanism 15 is formed on or connected to the eccentric member 151. In this embodiment, the internal gear ring of at least one stage of the planetary transmission group is configured to move between a first position and a second position to switch the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism 14. It is understood that this embodiment provides two transmission states and two stages of planetary gear groups to ensure the overall length of the ratchet wrench 100 as much as possible. However, depending on the actual requirements of the product, the transmission mechanism 14 can have more than two transmission states and more than two stages of planetary gear groups. This does not affect the substantive content of this application.

[0055] The transmission mechanism 14 includes a first-stage planetary gear set 144 and a second-stage planetary gear set 145. The first-stage planetary gear set 144 includes a first planetary gear 1441, a first planetary gear carrier 1442 for mounting the first planetary gear 1441, and a first internal gear ring 1443 meshing with the first planetary gear 1441. The drive shaft 121121 forms with or is connected to a first sun gear 122 rotating at a first rotational speed.

[0056] The second-stage planetary gear set 145 includes: a second planetary gear 1451, a second planetary gear carrier 1452 for mounting the second planetary gear 1451, and a second internal gear ring 1453 meshing with the second planetary gear 1451. A second sun gear 1444 drives the second planetary gear 1451. The second sun gear 1444 rotates coaxially with the drive shaft 121121. The second planetary gear carrier 1452 is formed at the rear end of the eccentric member 151. The second planetary gear 1451 drives the eccentric member 151 to rotate via the second planetary gear carrier 1452. In other alternative embodiments, the second planetary gear carrier 1452 and the eccentric member 151 can be independent components, with the second planetary gear carrier 1452 connected to the eccentric member 151. This is acceptable as long as the second planetary gear 1451 can drive the eccentric member 151 to rotate. A first adjustment assembly 21 is used to switch the transmission mechanism 14 between different transmission states. The first adjustment assembly 21 includes a user-operated knob 211 and a lever 212. Toggle 211 drives the lever 212 to move.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first-stage planetary gear set 144 has a transmission ratio of 1 and is not adjustable, while the second-stage planetary gear set 145 has two transmission ratios. The second transmission ratio is essentially equal to 1, meaning that the second-stage planetary gear set 145 only performs a transmission function. The second-stage planetary gear set 145 is in a second transmission state. The third transmission ratio is greater than 1, meaning it is a reduction transmission. In this case, the second-stage planetary gear set 145 is in a second speed-changing state. The shifter 212 is connected to the second internal gear ring 1453, thereby driving the second internal gear ring 1453 to shift and switch the transmission state of the second-stage planetary gear set 145. In some alternative embodiments, the first-stage planetary gear set 144 may have two transmission ratios. Because the working principle of planetary gear reduction and mechanically adjustable transmission ratio, as well as the reduction generated by this transmission mechanism 14, is well disclosed to those skilled in the art, detailed descriptions are omitted here for the sake of brevity.

[0058] In this embodiment, the speed control of the motor 12 can be achieved by adjusting the electrical parameters such as current, voltage, and duty cycle in the motor 12 drive circuit 17, thereby changing the speed of the motor 12 and thus adjusting the speed of the output component, which is an electronic adjustment method. For ease of reference, the speed adjustment component using the electronic method is defined as the second adjustment component 22.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figure 5As shown, the speed of motor 12 is represented by its gear position. The second adjustment component 22 is mounted on the operating element 191 of the human-machine interface component 19. The second adjustment component 22 is used to adjust the speed gear of motor 12, input preset parameters, and control the speed of motor 12 through the second controller 173 and the first controller 171. In other alternative embodiments, the speed can be represented by actual values ​​or by gear positions. This does not affect the substantive content of this application.

[0060] Depending on the specific needs of the product, either the mechanical or electronic adjustment methods described in this application can be used alone, or both the motor speed control method and the mechanical method can be used simultaneously. This provides a variety of adjustment methods and more adjustment options.

[0061] In this embodiment, the human-machine interface component 19 can also function as a status indicator to provide real-time feedback on the working status of the ratchet wrench 100, or as an abnormal status alarm module to indicate abnormalities through changes in the color or flashing state of a buzzer or status light. It is understood that the specific functions of the human-machine interface component 19 may vary depending on the control program and the specific product.

[0062] In this embodiment, the grip portion 113 is specifically a tubular structure with an overmolded structure, the diameter of which is less than or equal to that of the motor housing 112 or the power connection portion 115. In this embodiment, the grip portion 113 is formed of an elastic material (such as rubber or silicone).

[0063] In this embodiment, the grip portion 113 is specifically a tubular structure with an overmolded structure, the diameter of which is less than or equal to that of the motor housing 112 or the power connection portion 115. In this embodiment, the grip portion 113 is formed of an elastic material (such as rubber or silicone).

[0064] In this embodiment, the head housing 114 is made of nitro-carburized steel and is located near the motor housing 112. Steel is suitable for reducing flux losses in the motor 12. In other configurations, other metals suitable for reducing flux losses, such as other ferromagnetic materials, may be used.

[0065] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit this application in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A ratchet tool, comprising: The outer casing has a gripping part formed or connected to it for holding; A motor, including a drive shaft that rotates about a first axis; The ratchet mechanism is driven by the drive shaft; The ratchet mechanism includes: an output shaft that rotates about an output axis, a pawl, and a direction selector. The rotation direction of the output shaft is controlled by the position of the pawl. Specifically, when the direction selector drives the pawl to a first position, the output shaft rotates in a first direction; when the direction selector drives the pawl to a second position, the output shaft moves in a second direction; when the direction selector drives the pawl to the first position, regardless of whether the motor rotates forward or backward, the output shaft rotates about the first direction. Controller, used to control the motor; The controller is configured as follows: Based on the load parameters of the output shaft, the controller controls the motor to repeatedly change the rotation direction of the drive shaft; It also includes: a detection mechanism for detecting the load parameters of the output shaft, wherein the load parameters of the output shaft include at least one of the rotational parameters of the output shaft or the drive shaft and the electrical parameters of the motor.

2. The ratchet tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratchet tool includes a selectable first mode and a second mode, wherein when the ratchet tool is in the first mode, the controller is configured to control the motor to repeatedly change the rotation direction of the drive shaft according to the load parameters of the output shaft.

3. The ratchet tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the ratchet tool is in the second mode, the controller is configured to control the drive shaft of the motor to rotate in a set direction.

4. The ratchet tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratchet tool also includes a speed adjustment component configured to adjust the rotational speed of the output shaft.

5. The ratchet tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The controller is configured to control the speed of the motor according to the input parameters set by the speed regulation component.

6. The ratchet tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The speed regulation component further includes an operating element, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to set the input parameters.

7. The ratchet tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ratchet tool further includes a transmission assembly, and a speed adjustment assembly is connected to the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly connects the motor and the ratchet mechanism, and the speed adjustment assembly is mechanically coupled to the transmission assembly to adjust the transmission ratio of the transmission assembly.

8. The ratchet tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratchet tool also includes a human-machine interface component, which is electrically connected to the controller. The human-machine interface component is configured to switch between a first mode and a second mode of the ratchet tool, and is located in front of or behind the grip.

9. A ratchet tool, comprising: The outer casing has a gripping part formed or connected to it for holding; A motor, including a drive shaft that rotates about a first axis; The ratchet mechanism is driven by the drive shaft; The ratchet mechanism includes: an output shaft that rotates about an output axis, a pawl, and a direction selector. The rotation direction of the output shaft is controlled by the position of the pawl. Specifically, when the direction selector drives the pawl to a first position, the output shaft rotates in a first direction; when the direction selector drives the pawl to a second position, the output shaft moves in a second direction; when the direction selector drives the pawl to the first position, regardless of whether the motor rotates forward or backward, the output shaft rotates about the first direction. Controller, used to control the motor; Human-computer interaction components are coupled to the controller; The ratchet tool includes a selectable first mode and a second mode. When the ratchet tool is in the first mode, the controller controls the output state of the motor according to the load parameters of the output shaft. When the ratchet tool is in the second mode, the controller controls the output state of the motor according to the set input information. The human-machine interface component is used to switch the mode of the ratchet tool and / or set the input information. It also includes: a detection mechanism for detecting the load parameters of the output shaft, wherein the load parameters of the output shaft include at least one of the rotational parameters of the output shaft or the drive shaft and the electrical parameters of the motor.

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