Initiator-based surge protection device and method

Abstract

The application provides an initiator-based anti-surge protection device, which comprises a microcontroller module, a photoelectric isolation module, a double-end driver module, a negative voltage pump module, a pulse suppression circuit module, an MCT module and a power module.The microcontroller module receives an initiating input signal and executes a decoding instruction according to the initiating pulse signal; the photoelectric isolation module isolates and converts the level of the initiating signal output by the microcontroller module; the double-end driver module maintains the MCT control input end as a negative voltage value when the initiating input signal does not occur; the negative voltage pump module provides negative voltage power supply for the photoelectric isolation module and the double-end driver module; the pulse suppression circuit module suppresses the amplitude of the pulse signal to avoid early explosion of the MCT module input end caused by strong surge voltage; the MCT module converts low-voltage initiating voltage into high-voltage driving initiating voltage; and the power module provides power supply for the microcontroller module, the MCT module and the double-end driver module.The application solves the problem that the MCT tube is abnormally turned on due to surge voltage, which causes early explosion and endangers personnel safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic detonators, and in particular relates to a surge protection device and method based on a detonator. Background Technology

[0002] In existing detonation control circuits, the driver and MCT (Mechanical Control Transistor) share a common ground design. When the detonation signal is invalid, the control electrode voltage of the MCT is clamped at a "zero" level to ensure the MCT is off. The existing technology uses an MCT with a conduction threshold of 0.7V, which is relatively low. Exceeding 0.7V may cause the MCT to conduct. When the circuit operates in a strong electromagnetic environment, surge voltage interference can occur. If the circuit voltage exceeds the MCT's conduction threshold and persists for a prolonged period, it can cause the MCT to conduct abnormally, resulting in premature detonation and endangering personnel safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to solve the safety problem of premature detonation caused by surge voltage generated by electromagnetic interference in a strong electromagnetic environment.

[0004] This invention provides a surge protection device based on an initiator, comprising:

[0005] The microcontroller module receives the detonation input signal and executes the decoding command according to the detonation pulse signal. If the decoding command is a detonation command, it executes the detonation level output. The P1 pin of the microcontroller is connected to the positive terminal of the light-emitting diode at the input terminal of the optocoupler 1 of the opto-isolation module, and the P2 pin of the microcontroller is connected to the negative terminal of the light-emitting diode at the input terminal of the optocoupler 2 of the opto-isolation module. Its function is to prevent false triggering of the detonation level due to open circuits in the P1 pin and the P2 pin.

[0006] Opto-isolation module: Its function is to isolate and level-convert the detonation signal output by the microcontroller module, and output the signal to the input terminal of the dual-ended driver module to execute the level conversion instruction. The opto-isolation module includes optocoupler 1 and optocoupler 2, which convert the low voltage level value to the high voltage level value. The output terminal of optocoupler 1 is connected to the IN+ pin of the dual-ended driver, and the output terminal of optocoupler 2 is connected to the IN- pin of the dual-ended driver.

[0007] Dual-ended driver module: used to maintain the MCT control input terminal at a negative voltage value when the detonation input signal is not generated, and output the detonation control voltage when the detonation input signal is received. The IN+ pin is connected to the output terminal of optocoupler 1, the IN- pin is connected to the output terminal of optocoupler 2, and the OUT pin is connected to the MCT input terminal.

[0008] Negative pressure pump module: Its function is to provide negative pressure power to the optocoupler 2 and the dual-ended driver. The negative pressure output of the negative pressure pump is connected to the GND pin of the optocoupler 2 and the GND pin of the dual-ended driver.

[0009] Pulse suppression circuit module: Its function is to suppress the amplitude of pulse signals and prevent premature bursts caused by strong surge voltage at the input of the MCT module;

[0010] MCT module: Its function is to receive the detonation signal from the dual-ended drive module through the MCT input terminal and output the drive detonation signal through the OUT pin;

[0011] Power supply module: Its function is to provide power to the microcontroller module, MCT module and dual-ended driver module, including VCC power supply, VDD power supply, VTT power supply and -VEE power supply.

[0012] Furthermore, the detonation input signal includes a timing signal encoding input, which is decoded by the microcontroller. The signal is received by the PI terminal, and the clock signal is output from the P1 pin based on the clock of the microcontroller crystal oscillator. Another route is output from the P2 pin. The output of the P1 pin is connected to the input terminal of optocoupler 1, and the output of the P2 pin is connected to the input terminal of optocoupler 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the dual-ended driver module also includes a dual-wire control for the detonation signal. When control signal 1 is triggered from a "low-high" edge and control signal 2 is triggered from a "high-low" edge, the driver outputs a valid detonation control signal, wherein control signal 1 is the IN+ pin input and control signal 2 is the IN- pin input.

[0014] Furthermore, the dual-ended driver uses both positive and negative power supplies, with the positive power supply provided by a linear regulator and the negative power supply provided by a negative pressure pump.

[0015] Furthermore, maintaining a negative voltage value at the MCT control input terminal when the detonation input signal does not occur includes the following: the IN+ input terminal is at a low level, the IN- input terminal is at a high level, and the OUT output terminal of the dual-ended driver maintains a negative voltage output, wherein the negative voltage output includes -VEE.

[0016] Furthermore, the pulse suppression circuit is composed of two Zener diodes connected in series and the negative terminals of the two Zener diodes are connected together.

[0017] Furthermore, there are VCC power supply, VDD power supply, VTT power supply and -VEE power supply, where VCC power supply includes 5V power supply, VDD power supply includes 10V power supply and VTT power supply includes 28V power supply.

[0018] The present invention also provides a surge protection method based on an initiator, comprising:

[0019] S100: Based on the detonation control pulse signal, perform detonation signal decoding. If decoding is successful, output two decoding control signals; if decoding fails, proceed to step S500.

[0020] S200: The opto-isolation module executes an opto-isolation instruction according to the two decoding control signals, wherein the opto-isolation instruction includes converting a low level to a dual-terminal driver module level;

[0021] S300: The dual-ended driver module executes the MCT detonation level output command according to the opto-isolation command;

[0022] S400: The MCT module executes the detonation high-voltage output according to the detonation level output command;

[0023] S500: The dual-ended driver module maintains a negative voltage output at the OUT output terminal when the IN+ input terminal is low and the IN- input terminal is high.

[0024] Furthermore, the MCT detonation level output command also includes two-wire control of the detonation signal. When control signal 1 is triggered from the "low-high" edge and control signal 2 is triggered from the "high-low" edge, the driver outputs a valid detonation control signal.

[0025] Furthermore, control signal 1 includes an IN+ pin input, and control signal 2 includes an IN- pin input.

[0026] The present invention provides a surge protection device and method based on an initiator, which solves the problem that when the voltage of the surge voltage interference superposition circuit is higher than the conduction threshold of the MCT and the duration is long, it causes abnormal conduction of the MCT tube, resulting in premature detonation and endangering personnel safety.

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 : A schematic block diagram of a surge protection device based on an initiator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 : A block diagram illustrating the principle of the opto-isolation module of the surge protection device based on the detonator provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0030] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the pulse suppression circuit of the surge protection device based on the detonator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4: Power supply block diagram of the surge protection device based on the detonator provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 : A flowchart illustrating the steps of the surge protection method based on a detonator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] This invention proposes a surge protection device and method based on an initiator, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a microcontroller module, an opto-isolation module, a dual-ended driver module, a negative pressure pump module, a pulse suppression circuit module, and an MCT module.

[0035] The microcontroller module receives the detonation input signal and executes a decoding command based on the detonation pulse signal. If the decoding command is a detonation command, it outputs a detonation level. To prevent surge voltage from superimposing on the input signal and interfering with the detonation input signal level, in this embodiment, the detonation input signal includes a timing signal encoding input. The microcontroller decodes the timing signal and converts one detonation pulse signal into a dual-output control level. This signal is received by the PI terminal. Using the microcontroller's crystal oscillator clock as the reference clock signal, the PI pin performs pulse encoding and decoding and converts it into two output control signals. One output signal is output from pin P1, and the other from pin P2. Pin P1 is connected to the input of optocoupler 1, and pin P2 is connected to the input of optocoupler 2. When the detonation control pulse is not present, pin P1 of the microcontroller outputs a low level, and pin P2 outputs a high level. In this case, the opto-isolation module has no light output and will not trigger the detonation level output (see...). Figure 2 Wiring diagram of opto-isolation module, by Figure 2 As can be seen from the principle, the positive terminal of the LED at the input end of optocoupler 1 is connected to pin P1, and the negative terminal of the LED at the input end of optocoupler 2 is connected to pin P2. This connection method is used to solve the problem that if the microcontroller loses power or is damaged, the P1 and P2 pins of the microcontroller will be left floating with an open circuit voltage, causing optocoupler 1 and optocoupler 2 to be falsely triggered to output the detonation control level.

[0036] Opto-isolation module: Its function is to isolate and level-convert the detonation signal output from the microcontroller module. The output signal is sent to the input of the dual-ended driver module to execute the level conversion instruction, changing the low voltage level to a high voltage level, and increasing the amplitude of the control signal to above 10V to improve anti-interference capability. See the circuit schematic. Figure 2The output of optocoupler 1 is connected to the IN+ pin of the dual-ended driver, and the output of optocoupler 2 is connected to the IN- pin of the dual-ended driver.

[0037] Dual-ended driver module: Used to maintain a negative voltage value at the MCT control input when the detonation input signal is not generated. Connected to the MCT input, it outputs a negative power supply voltage approximately equal to -VEE.

[0038] When the IN+ terminal is triggered from a "low-high" edge and the IN- terminal is triggered from a "high-low" edge, the dual-ended driver outputs an effective detonation voltage. When the detonation input signal is not triggered, the IN+ input terminal is at a low level and the IN- input terminal is at a high level. The OUT output terminal of the dual-ended driver maintains a negative voltage output, with a voltage value approximately equal to -VEE.

[0039] Negative pressure pump module: Its function is to provide negative voltage power supply for optocoupler 2 and dual-ended driver. The negative voltage output is connected to the GND pin of optocoupler 2 and the GND pin of dual-ended driver. Its output negative voltage value is -VEE. The negative pressure pump can use any DC-DC converter to achieve negative voltage output. In this implementation, MT3608 is used to realize DC-DC negative voltage conversion.

[0040] Pulse suppression circuit module: Its function is to suppress the amplitude of pulse signals and prevent premature bursts caused by strong surge voltages at the input of the MCT module (e.g., Figure 3 Its pulse suppression circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the reverse Zener diode to ensure that the voltage applied to the MCT control terminal will not exceed the stable voltage of the Zener diode, so as to ensure that the surge voltage will not damage the MCT chip.

[0041] The MCT module receives the detonation voltage from the dual-ended drive module at the MCT input, converts the low-voltage detonation voltage into a high-voltage voltage, and outputs the high-voltage voltage through the OUT pin to drive the detonation. When the detonation signal is invalid, the control terminal voltage of the MCT is clamped at a negative voltage -VEE, ensuring that the control terminal voltage of the MCT remains at the -VEE value when the detonation signal is invalid, thus reliably turning off the MCT. This solves the problem in existing solutions where voltage fluctuations greater than 0.7V may cause the MCT to conduct, greatly improving the anti-interference capability of the MCT control terminal and ensuring safety.

[0042] Power supply module: Its function is to provide power to the various modules in this device. The microcontroller module is powered by VCC, the opto-isolation module and the dual-ended driver module are powered by VDD and -VEE output from the negative pressure pump, and the MCT module is powered by VTT. VCC is 5V, VDD is a regulated 10V, -VEE is a regulated -5V, and VTT is 28V. In this embodiment, the dual-ended driver module uses both positive and negative power supplies. VCC, VDD, and VTT can be provided by any linear regulated or switching power supply, and the negative power supply is provided by the negative pressure pump, including a DC-DC converter.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a surge protection method based on an initiator (see...). Figure 5 ),include:

[0044] S100: Based on the detonation control pulse signal, perform detonation signal decoding. If decoding is successful, output two decoding control signals and proceed to step S200; if decoding fails, proceed to step S500.

[0045] S200: The opto-isolation module executes an opto-isolation instruction according to the two decoding control signals, wherein the opto-isolation instruction includes converting a low level to a dual-ended driver module level, and performing step S300;

[0046] S300: The dual-ended driver module executes the MCT detonation level output command according to the opto-isolation command, and proceeds to step S400;

[0047] S400: The MCT module executes the detonation high-voltage output according to the detonation level output command;

[0048] S500: The dual-ended driver module maintains a negative voltage output at the OUT output terminal when the IN+ input terminal is low and the IN- input terminal is high.

[0049] The present invention provides a surge protection device and method based on an initiator, which solves the problem that when the voltage of the surge voltage interference superposition circuit is higher than the conduction threshold of the MCT and the duration is long, it causes abnormal conduction of the MCT tube, resulting in premature detonation and endangering personnel safety.

[0050] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surge protection device based on an initiator, characterized in that, include: The microcontroller module receives the detonation input signal and executes a decoding command based on the detonation pulse signal. If the decoded command is a detonation command, it outputs a detonation level. The P1 pin of the microcontroller is connected to the positive terminal of the LED at the input of optocoupler 1 of the opto-isolation module, and the P2 pin of the microcontroller is connected to the negative terminal of the LED at the input of optocoupler 2 of the opto-isolation module. Its function is to prevent false triggering of the detonation level due to open circuits on the P1 and P2 pins. The detonation input signal includes a timing signal encoding input, which is decoded by the microcontroller. The signal is received by the PI terminal and output from the P1 pin based on the clock of the microcontroller's crystal oscillator. Another output is from the P2 pin. The P1 pin output is connected to the input of optocoupler 1, and the P2 pin output is connected to the input of optocoupler 2. Opto-isolation module: Its function is to isolate and level-convert the detonation signal output by the microcontroller module, and output the signal to the input terminal of the dual-ended driver module to execute the level conversion instruction. The opto-isolation module includes optocoupler 1 and optocoupler 2, which convert the low voltage level value to the high voltage level value. The output terminal of optocoupler 1 is connected to the IN+ pin of the dual-ended driver, and the output terminal of optocoupler 2 is connected to the IN- pin of the dual-ended driver. Dual-ended driver module: Maintains a negative voltage value at the MCT control input terminal when the detonation input signal is not received; outputs a detonation control voltage when the detonation input signal is received. The IN+ pin is connected to the output terminal of optocoupler 1, the IN- pin is connected to the output terminal of optocoupler 2, and the OUT pin is connected to the MCT input terminal. It also includes dual-wire control of the detonation signal. When control signal 1 is triggered from a "low-high" edge and control signal 2 is triggered from a "high-low" edge, the driver outputs a valid detonation control signal, wherein control signal 1 is input to the IN+ pin and control signal 2 is input to the IN- pin. Negative pressure pump module: Its function is to provide negative pressure power to the optocoupler 2 and the dual-ended driver. The negative pressure output of the negative pressure pump is connected to the GND pin of the optocoupler 2 and the GND pin of the dual-ended driver. Pulse suppression circuit module: Its function is to suppress the amplitude of pulse signals and prevent premature bursts caused by strong surge voltage at the input of the MCT module; MCT module: Its function is to receive the detonation signal from the dual-ended drive module through the MCT input terminal, convert the low-voltage detonation voltage into high voltage, and output the high voltage through the OUT pin to drive the detonation. Power supply module: Its function is to provide power to the microcontroller module, MCT module and dual-ended driver module, including VCC power supply, VDD power supply, VTT power supply and -VEE power supply.

2. The surge protection device based on an initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-ended driver is powered by both positive and negative power supplies. The positive power supply is provided by a linear voltage regulator, and the negative power supply is provided by a negative pressure pump.

3. The surge protection device based on an initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Maintaining a negative voltage value at the MCT control input terminal when no detonation input signal occurs includes: the IN+ input terminal being at a low level, the IN- input terminal being at a high level, and the OUT output terminal of the dual-ended driver maintaining a negative voltage output.

4. The surge protection device based on an initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse suppression circuit consists of two Zener diodes connected in series, with the negative terminals of the two Zener diodes connected together.

5. The surge protection device based on an initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The VCC power supply, VDD power supply, VTT power supply, and -VEE power supply are provided, wherein the VCC power supply includes a 5V power supply, the VDD power supply includes a 10V power supply, the VTT power supply includes a 28V power supply, and the -VEE power supply includes a -5V power supply.

6. A surge protection method based on an initiator, characterized in that, The method, applied to the surge protection device based on an initiator as described in claim 1, comprises: S100: Based on the detonation control pulse signal, perform detonation signal decoding. If decoding is successful, output two decoding control signals. If decoding fails, proceed to step S500; S200: The opto-isolation module executes an opto-isolation instruction according to the two decoding control signals, wherein the opto-isolation instruction includes converting a low level to a dual-terminal driver module level; S300: The dual-ended driver module executes the MCT detonation level output command according to the opto-isolation command; S400: The MCT module executes the detonation high-voltage output according to the detonation level output command; S500: The dual-ended driver module maintains a negative voltage output at the OUT output terminal when the IN+ input terminal is low and the IN- input terminal is high.

7. The surge protection method based on an initiator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The MCT detonation level output command also includes two-wire control of the detonation signal. When control signal 1 is triggered from the "low-high" edge and control signal 2 is triggered from the "high-low" edge, the driver outputs a valid detonation control signal.

8. The surge protection method based on an initiator according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The control signal 1 includes the IN+ pin input, and the control signal 2 includes the IN- pin input.

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