Method for reducing tar and crotonaldehyde delivery in tobacco shreds and its application

Abstract

The application provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde in tobacco stem, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and soaking tobacco stem obtained by processing tobacco stem with water, a surfactant and a phosphate, and drying to obtain blank tobacco stem; (2) mixing and extracting tobacco with a low-boiling-point organic solvent to obtain extract A and residue; (3) mixing and extracting the residue with an ethanol aqueous solution to obtain extract B; (4) mixing and concentrating extract A and extract B to obtain a tobacco extract, and then mixing the tobacco extract with spices to obtain a tobacco backfilling solution; and (5) mixing the blank tobacco stem with the tobacco backfilling solution. The method provided by the application can significantly reduce the release of tar, crotonaldehyde and other gas components in the tobacco stem, and can significantly inhibit the negative sensory effect of the tobacco stem compared with ordinary tobacco stem, can significantly improve the positive sensory effect of the tobacco stem, and can greatly increase the proportion of the tobacco stem in a cigarette formula.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tobacco processing technology, specifically relating to a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Tobacco stem shreds are thin strands of a certain width produced from tobacco stems through a series of processes such as pressing and cutting. They are characterized by low tar release, good filling properties, and low cost, making them a commonly used raw material in cigarette production. However, due to significant differences in the chemical composition of tobacco stem shreds compared to tobacco leaf shreds, these differences result in several drawbacks. Firstly, tobacco stem shreds have a stronger sensory impact and noticeable off-flavors. Secondly, the release of harmful and irritating aldehydes such as crotonaldehyde, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde from tobacco stem shreds is significantly higher than from tobacco leaf shreds. This leads to a marked increase in the release of these harmful and irritating aldehydes in cigarettes blended with tobacco stem shreds, reducing cigarette quality and hindering the application of tobacco stem shreds.

[0003] In recent years, the rapid development of low-tar cigarettes has placed higher demands on the quality of tobacco stems. Specifically, tobacco stems should have lower tar release and, even with a higher blending ratio, should have a lower negative impact on the overall sensory experience of the cigarette. Therefore, appropriate treatment of tobacco stems to improve their quality, including reducing tar release and the release of irritating aldehydes such as crotonaldehyde, is of great practical significance for improving cigarette quality and expanding the application of tobacco stems in cigarettes.

[0004] In recent years, there have been some typical research results on comprehensively improving and enhancing the sensory quality of tobacco stems. Specific examples include: Chinese Patent 201410002912.2, which uses two-stage biodegradation to effectively degrade macromolecular components in tobacco stems, while simultaneously employing three high-temperature steam treatments to remove undesirable components and impurities; and Chinese Patent 201510041600.7, which extracts substances that positively affect the taste of tobacco, such as sugars, nicotine, pigments, and aroma components, from tobacco stems through alcohol extraction, then re-adds them to the tobacco stems, and removes macromolecules (such as pectin and proteins) and other compounds detrimental to the taste of tobacco through a combination of water washing, acid hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis, thereby improving the sensory quality of the tobacco stems.

[0005] There have also been some research results on the degradation of crotonaldehyde or the reduction of its release. For example, patent 201410042297.8 discloses a method for re-drying and aging to reduce crotonaldehyde release, which includes a tobacco leaf re-drying process and an aging process. The aging process involves adding aging agents such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus circulans, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens freeze-dried bacterial powder to the re-dried tobacco leaves. Patent 20151029171.5 discloses a method for preparing reconstituted tobacco leaves with low crotonaldehyde release. This method uses neutral protease, pectinase, and saccharifying enzyme to remove precursors that produce crotonaldehyde, uses alkaline pretreatment of tobacco raw materials and low-concentration pulping technology to improve the bulk of reconstituted tobacco leaves, and adds combustion aids to improve the combustion performance of reconstituted tobacco leaves, thereby reducing the release of crotonaldehyde in the mainstream smoke of reconstituted tobacco leaves. These methods are mostly designed to reduce crotonaldehyde in tobacco leaves or reconstituted tobacco leaves, and are not suitable for use in tobacco stem processing. In addition, these processing methods are relatively complicated, making it difficult to promote their application in tobacco stem processing.

[0006] Current research on methods to reduce tar release from tobacco stems mainly focuses on the effect of blending tobacco stems with cigarettes to reduce tar release. Research on further reducing tar release from tobacco stems themselves is still limited. Therefore, developing a method to effectively reduce tar and crotonaldehyde release from tobacco stems has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide tobacco stem shreds with low tar and crotonaldehyde release, as well as their preparation method and applications. The tobacco stem shreds provided by the present invention exhibit significantly lower release levels of tar, crotonaldehyde, and other off-flavor components compared to ordinary tobacco stem shreds. Negative sensory effects are significantly suppressed, while positive sensory effects are significantly enhanced, enabling a substantial increase in the proportion of tobacco stems used in cigarette formulations.

[0008] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) The tobacco stems obtained by tobacco stem processing are mixed with water, surfactant and phosphate, washed and dried to obtain blank tobacco stems;

[0011] (2) Tobacco is mixed with a low-boiling-point organic solvent for extraction to obtain extract A and residue; the low-boiling-point organic solvent includes dichloromethane and / or dichloroethane;

[0012] (3) The residue obtained in step (2) is mixed with an ethanol aqueous solution for extraction to obtain extract B;

[0013] (4) Mix and concentrate the extract A obtained in step (2) and extract B obtained in step (3) to obtain tobacco extract, and then mix it with flavoring to obtain tobacco backfill liquid;

[0014] (5) Mix the blank tobacco stems obtained in step (1) with the tobacco backfill liquid obtained in step (4).

[0015] Steps (1) and (2)-(4) are not distinguished by their order.

[0016] The above method, which involves processing tobacco stems to obtain blank tobacco stems and then refilling them with tobacco extract, can effectively reduce the off-flavors in tobacco stems, retain the effective components and cell wall skeleton, reduce the release of tar and crotonaldehyde, improve the combustibility of tobacco stems, significantly suppress negative sensory effects compared to ordinary tobacco stems, and significantly improve positive sensory effects, thereby greatly increasing the proportion of tobacco stems used in cigarette formulations. Furthermore, by using a combination of surfactants and phosphates, the synergistic effect can effectively remove negative components, including pectin, from tobacco stems, further improving the combustibility and sensory effects of tobacco stems.

[0017] The tar and crotonaldehyde release from the tobacco stems prepared in this invention is significantly lower than that from ordinary tobacco stems. This invention reconstitutes the skeletal components of ordinary tobacco stems with tobacco extracts. Water-soluble components in the tobacco stems, such as sugars, organic acids, and amino acids, are removed by leaching; while aroma components from the tobacco raw materials (tobacco leaf fragments) are extracted as much as possible and added to the tobacco stems. This reconstitution significantly reduces tar precursors in the tobacco stems, while the high cell wall skeletal structure improves the combustibility of the tobacco stems. The combination of these two factors results in a significant reduction in tar release from the tobacco stems prepared in this invention compared to ordinary tobacco stems.

[0018] The negative sensory effects of the tobacco stem shreds prepared by this invention are significantly suppressed compared to ordinary tobacco stem shreds. Ordinary tobacco stem shreds, when blended into tobacco leaves, typically exhibit unpleasant odors, and therefore their blending ratio in cigarette formulations is usually low. However, the tobacco stem shreds prepared by this invention retain only the framework of ordinary tobacco stem shreds, while the contents are tobacco extracts. Therefore, the aroma components of the tobacco stem shreds prepared by this invention are closer to those of tobacco leaves, resulting in a significant suppression of the negative sensory effects of tobacco stem shreds, allowing for a substantial increase in their usage ratio in cigarette formulations.

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of tobacco stems to water in step (1) is 1:(5-10).

[0020] Preferably, the mass of the surfactant in step (1) is 0.1-1% of the mass of water.

[0021] Preferably, the mass of the phosphate in step (1) is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of water.

[0022] The mass ratio of tobacco stems to water can be 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, or 1:10, etc. The mass of surfactant can be 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, or 1% of the mass of water, etc. The mass of phosphate can be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, or 1.5% of the mass of water, etc., but is not limited to the values ​​listed above. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0023] Preferably, the surfactant in step (1) comprises hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and / or sodium dodecyl sulfate, with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide being the most preferred.

[0024] The aforementioned specific surfactants can increase permeability, reduce surface tension, and increase the dispersibility of substances such as pectin, which is beneficial for the removal of substances such as pectin through immersion. Therefore, they can effectively remove negative components, including pectin, from tobacco stems, and further improve the combustibility and sensory effects of tobacco stems.

[0025] Preferably, the phosphate in step (1) is diammonium hydrogen phosphate.

[0026] The aforementioned specific phosphates can effectively penetrate and disrupt cell walls, increasing the dissolution of substances such as pectin, which is beneficial for the removal of pectin and other substances through rinsing. Therefore, they can effectively remove negative components, including pectin, from tobacco stems, further improving the combustibility and sensory effects of tobacco stems.

[0027] Preferably, the immersion temperature in step (1) is 50-60℃, the number of immersions is 1-2, and the immersion time for each immersion is 20-40 min independently. The immersion temperature can be 50℃, 51℃, 52℃, 53℃, 54℃, 55℃, 56℃, 57℃, 58℃, 59℃ or 60℃, etc., and the time can be 20 min, 25 min, 30 min, 35 min or 40 min, etc., but is not limited to the values ​​listed above. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0028] Preferably, the mass ratio of tobacco to low-boiling-point organic solvent in step (2) is 1:(4-8), such as 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7 or 1:8, but not limited to the values ​​listed above. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0029] Preferably, the volume fraction of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution in step (3) is 70-95%, such as 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% or 95%, but not limited to the values ​​listed above. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0030] Preferably, the mass ratio of the residue to the ethanol-water solution in step (3) is 1:(4-8), and the extraction temperature is 40-60℃. The mass ratio of the residue to the ethanol-water solution can be 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7 or 1:8, etc., and the extraction temperature can be 40℃, 45℃, 50℃, 55℃ or 60℃, etc., but is not limited to the values ​​listed above. Other values ​​not listed in the above range are also applicable.

[0031] Preferably, the fragrance in step (4) includes any one or a combination of at least two of hexadecanoic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl stearate, or methyl linoleate.

[0032] Preferably, the mass ratio of the fragrance to the tobacco extract in step (4) is (0.05-0.5):100, such as 0.05:100, 0.1:100, 0.15:100, 0.2:100, 0.25:100, 0.3:100, 0.35:100, 0.4:100, 0.45:100 or 0.5:100, etc., but not limited to the values ​​listed above. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0033] Preferably, the mass ratio of the tobacco backfill liquid to the blank tobacco stems in step (5) is (25-100):100, such as 25:100, 35:100, 45:100, 55:100, 65:100, 75:100, 85:100, 95:100 or 100:100, but not limited to the values ​​listed above. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable, wherein the mass of the blank tobacco stems is based on dry matter.

[0034] This invention removes most of the water-soluble components from ordinary tobacco stems, retaining essentially only the skeletal components. These are then recombined with a tobacco backfill solution prepared from tobacco extracts to produce a novel type of tobacco stem. The novel tobacco stem provided by this invention offers two significant improvements: firstly, it reduces the release of tar and crotonaldehyde; secondly, it retains important aroma components of tobacco, resulting in a significantly enhanced sensory experience and suppression of unpleasant odors.

[0035] (I) The release of tar and crotonaldehyde irritating aldehyde compounds from cigarette smoke produced by the tobacco stems prepared in this invention is significantly lower than that from ordinary stems. On the one hand, the tobacco stems prepared in this invention have low content of precursor components of tar and crotonaldehyde (such as sugars, polybasic acids, amino acids, pectin, etc., which produce tar and crotonaldehyde through combustion and decomposition). Step (1) effectively removes sugar compounds, polybasic acids, amino acids, and most of the impurities from the tobacco stems by immersing them in water. Furthermore, the combined use of surfactants and phosphates works synergistically to effectively remove negative components, including pectin, from the tobacco stems. Step (1) effectively removes the precursors of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems; while the specific extraction methods in steps (2)-(4) effectively extract important aroma components with positive sensory effects from tobacco raw materials such as tobacco leaf fragments and tobacco dust. Since the precursors of tar and crotonaldehyde are insoluble in low-boiling-point organic solvents and ethanol, most of them are not transferred to the tobacco extract and therefore cannot be transferred to the final novel tobacco stems. On the other hand, since ordinary stems retain only the cell wall skeleton after soaking, the added backfill liquid is mainly composed of important aroma components. This high cell wall skeleton composition improves the combustibility of the tobacco stems prepared by this invention, which is beneficial to the reduction of tar and crotonaldehyde. Furthermore, this high cell wall skeleton composition also increases the filling value of the tobacco stems prepared by this invention and reduces the filling amount of a single cigarette. The combination of low precursor content, improved combustibility, and increased filling value results in a significant reduction in the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from the tobacco stems prepared by this invention compared to ordinary tobacco stems.

[0036] (II) The tobacco stem shreds prepared by this invention retain important aroma components of tobacco compared to ordinary tobacco stem shreds, significantly improving sensory effects and effectively suppressing negative aromas, thus increasing their application ratio in cigarette formulations. Ordinary tobacco stem shreds, when mixed into tobacco shreds, usually exhibit unpleasant aromas, and therefore their blending ratio in cigarette formulations is typically low. However, the tobacco stem shreds prepared by this invention offer the following improvements in sensory effects compared to ordinary stem shreds. First, the tobacco stem shreds prepared by this invention retain only the framework of ordinary tobacco stem shreds, while the contents are mainly tobacco extracts derived from tobacco leaf fragments and tobacco dust. Therefore, the aroma components of the tobacco stem shreds prepared by this invention are closer to those of tobacco leaves, significantly improving sensory effects and greatly suppressing negative sensory aromas, allowing for a substantial increase in their usage ratio in cigarette formulations. Second, step (2) of preparing the tobacco stem shreds in this invention uses a low-boiling-point organic solvent to extract tobacco leaf fragments and tobacco dust. This specific solvent can effectively extract the important aroma components of tobacco leaf fragments and tobacco dust, and the low-boiling-point characteristics of the solvent allow it to be quickly removed while preserving the aroma components in the extract as much as possible. Thirdly, in the step (4) of preparing tobacco shreds, the high-grade fatty acid flavoring added to the tobacco extract can soften the smoke of the shreds and improve its sensory effect.

[0037] Secondly, the present invention provides tobacco stems prepared by the method described above with reduced tar and crotonaldehyde release.

[0038] Thirdly, the present invention also provides the application of tobacco stems with reduced tar and crotonaldehyde release as described above in cigarette manufacturing.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] This invention provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde in tobacco stems. By processing tobacco stems to obtain blank tobacco stems and then refilling them with tobacco extract, the method can effectively reduce the off-flavor components in tobacco stems, retain the effective components and cell wall skeleton, reduce the release of tar and crotonaldehyde, improve the combustibility of tobacco stems, significantly suppress negative sensory effects compared to ordinary tobacco stems, and significantly improve positive sensory effects, thereby greatly increasing the proportion of tobacco stems used in cigarette formulations. Furthermore, by using a combination of surfactants and phosphates, the method can effectively remove negative components, including pectin, from tobacco stems, further improving the combustibility and sensory effects of tobacco stems. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention, the following describes the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems, the specific method of which is as follows:

[0044] (1) Tobacco stem pressing and shredding. Tobacco stems are washed, moistened, pressed, and shredded to obtain ordinary tobacco stem shreds;

[0045] (2) Soaking ordinary tobacco stems. Mix ordinary tobacco stems with water (mass ratio 1:6), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (0.5% of water mass), and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (1% of water mass) at 55°C and soak for 30 min. Then dry with hot air. Repeat once to obtain blank tobacco stems.

[0046] (3) Preparation of tobacco extract. Tobacco leaf raw materials are extracted sequentially using a low-boiling-point organic solvent and an aqueous ethanol solution, followed by concentration to obtain the tobacco extract. This includes the following sub-steps:

[0047] (3a) Tobacco raw material was mixed with dichloromethane (mass ratio 1:6) and extracted at 20°C. Solid-liquid separation was performed to obtain tobacco extract A and tobacco residue.

[0048] (3b) After removing residual dichloromethane from the tobacco residue, it was further extracted with 75% ethanol aqueous solution at 50°C (the mass ratio of residue to ethanol aqueous solution was 1:6), and the solid-liquid separation yielded tobacco extract B.

[0049] (3c) Remove dichloromethane from tobacco extract A, then add tobacco extract B, mix and reconstitute, and concentrate to obtain tobacco extract (solid content controlled at 15%).

[0050] (3d) Add linolenic acid to tobacco extract at a rate of 0.2% of the mass of tobacco extract to obtain tobacco backfill solution.

[0051] (4) Backfilling. Add the tobacco backfill liquid obtained in step (3) to the blank tobacco shreds obtained in step (2) (the mass ratio of tobacco backfill liquid to blank tobacco shreds (based on dry matter) is 50:100). After loosening and drying, a tobacco shred product with low tar and crotonaldehyde release is obtained.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems, the specific method of which is as follows:

[0054] (1) Tobacco stem pressing and shredding. Tobacco stems are washed, moistened, pressed, and shredded to obtain ordinary tobacco stem shreds;

[0055] (2) Soaking ordinary tobacco stems. Mix ordinary tobacco stems with water at 50°C (mass ratio 1:5), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (0.1% of water mass), and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (1.5% of water mass) and soak for 20 minutes. Then dry with hot air. Repeat once to obtain blank tobacco stems.

[0056] (3) Preparation of tobacco extract. Tobacco leaf raw materials are extracted sequentially using a low-boiling-point organic solvent and an aqueous ethanol solution, followed by concentration to obtain the tobacco extract. This includes the following sub-steps:

[0057] (3a) Tobacco raw material was mixed with dichloromethane (mass ratio 1:4) and extracted at 30°C. Solid-liquid separation was performed to obtain tobacco extract A and tobacco residue.

[0058] (3b) After removing residual dichloromethane from the tobacco residue, it was further extracted with 70% ethanol aqueous solution at 60°C (the mass ratio of residue to ethanol aqueous solution was 1:4), and the solid-liquid separation yielded tobacco extract B.

[0059] (3c) Remove dichloromethane from tobacco extract A, then add tobacco extract B, mix and reconstitute, and concentrate to obtain tobacco extract (solid content controlled at 15%).

[0060] (3d) Add hexadecanoic acid to the tobacco extract at a concentration of 0.05% of the tobacco extract mass to obtain tobacco backfill solution.

[0061] (4) Backfilling. Add the tobacco backfill liquid obtained in step (3) to the blank tobacco shreds obtained in step (2) (the mass ratio of tobacco backfill liquid to blank tobacco shreds (based on dry matter) is 25:100). After loosening and drying, a tobacco shred product with low tar and crotonaldehyde release is obtained.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems, the specific method of which is as follows:

[0064] (1) Tobacco stem pressing and shredding. Tobacco stems are washed, moistened, pressed, and shredded to obtain ordinary tobacco stem shreds;

[0065] (2) Soaking ordinary tobacco stems. Mix ordinary tobacco stems with water at 60℃ (mass ratio 1:10), sodium dodecyl sulfate (1% of water mass), and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (0.5% of water mass) and soak for 40 min, then dry with hot air to obtain blank tobacco stems.

[0066] (3) Preparation of tobacco extract. Tobacco leaf raw materials are extracted sequentially using a low-boiling-point organic solvent and an aqueous ethanol solution, followed by concentration to obtain the tobacco extract. This includes the following sub-steps:

[0067] (3a) Tobacco raw material was mixed with dichloromethane (mass ratio 1:8) and extracted at 20°C. Solid-liquid separation was performed to obtain tobacco extract A and tobacco residue.

[0068] (3b) After removing residual dichloromethane from the tobacco residue, it was further extracted with 95% ethanol aqueous solution at 40°C (the mass ratio of residue to ethanol aqueous solution was 1:8), and the solid-liquid separation yielded tobacco extract B.

[0069] (3c) Remove dichloromethane from tobacco extract A, then add tobacco extract B, mix and reconstitute, and concentrate to obtain tobacco extract (solid content controlled at 15%).

[0070] (3d) Methyl palmitate and methyl octadecanoate were added to the tobacco extract at amounts of 0.2% and 0.3% of the tobacco extract mass, respectively, to obtain the tobacco backfill solution.

[0071] (4) Backfilling. Add the tobacco backfill liquid obtained in step (3) to the blank tobacco shreds obtained in step (2) (the mass ratio of tobacco backfill liquid to blank tobacco shreds (based on dry matter) is 100:100). After loosening and drying, a tobacco shred product with low tar and crotonaldehyde release is obtained.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde in tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of tobacco backfill liquid to blank tobacco stems (based on dry matter) in step (4) is 25:100.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde in tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of tobacco backfill liquid to blank tobacco stems (based on dry matter) in step (4) is 100:100.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that the number of immersions in step (1) is 1.

[0078] Example 7

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde in tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that in step (2), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is replaced with an equal amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0080] Example 8

[0081] This embodiment provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde in tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that in step (3), dichloromethane is replaced with an equal amount of dichloroethane, and the added flavorings are linolenic acid and methyl linoleate, with the added amounts being 0.1% and 0.1% of the mass of the tobacco extract, respectively.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] This comparative example provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde in tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is not added in step (2) and a portion is allocated to diammonium hydrogen phosphate.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] This comparative example provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that diammonium hydrogen phosphate is not added in step (2) and the reduced portion is allocated to hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0086] Comparative Example 3

[0087] This comparative example provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that diammonium hydrogen phosphate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide are not added in step (2).

[0088] Comparative Example 4

[0089] This comparative example provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that the dichloromethane and ethanol aqueous solution in step (3) are replaced with an equal amount of water.

[0090] Comparative Example 5

[0091] This comparative example provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems. The method is the same as in Example 1 except that the dichloromethane in step (3) is replaced with an equal amount of water.

[0092] Comparative Example 6

[0093] This comparative example provides a method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems. The specific method is the same as in Example 1, except that step (3d) is not included in step (3).

[0094] Effect test:

[0095] The tobacco stems provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were used to make cigarettes. The tar and crotonaldehyde release from the cigarette smoke were measured, and the cigarettes were subjected to sensory evaluation.

[0096] Tar release: Total particulate matter and tar were determined using a smoking machine for routine analysis of cigarettes, according to GB / T 19609—2004.

[0097] Crotonaldehyde release: YC / T 254-2008 Determination of major carbonyl compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke by high performance liquid chromatography.

[0098] Sensory evaluation: The reconstituted stem samples were scored on the following indicators: appearance (5), aroma (30), off-odors (20), concentration (15), irritation (15), and aftertaste (15). The total score was 100 points, with a higher total score indicating better sensory quality. The minimum score increment for each item was 0.5 points. The sensory evaluation score was the average of the scores given by all participating judges (accurate to 0.1).

[0099] The results are as follows:

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] Comparing Examples 1-8 (tobacco stems provided by the present invention) with ordinary tobacco stems, the tar and crotonaldehyde release was significantly reduced compared to ordinary tobacco stems, from 5.1 mg / cigarette to 2.4-2.9 mg / cigarette, a reduction of more than 40%; the crotonaldehyde release was reduced from 16.2 μg / cigarette to 10.2-11.8 μg / cigarette, a reduction of more than 25%; and the sensory evaluation score was significantly improved, from 70 to more than 88.

[0103] Comparing Examples 1 and 7, it can be found that the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (Example 1) surfactant used in step (1) is more effective in reducing tar and crotonaldehyde than the filaments prepared with sodium dodecyl sulfate (Example 7).

[0104] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3, it can be found that in step (1), the present invention uses a combination of surfactant and phosphate to work synergistically, which can effectively remove negative components, including pectin, from tobacco stems, further reduce the tar release of tobacco stems, and improve the sensory effect.

[0105] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4-5, it can be found that the specific extraction method used in step (2) of the present invention (using low-boiling-point organic solvents and ethanol aqueous solutions for extraction in sequence) can effectively extract important aroma components with positive sensory effects from tobacco raw materials such as tobacco leaf fragments and tobacco dust. Since the precursors of tar and crotonaldehyde are insoluble in low-boiling-point organic solvents and ethanol, most of them are not transferred to the tobacco extract and therefore cannot be transferred to the final novel tobacco stems. This can significantly reduce the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems, with a reduction effect that is significantly better than that of the comparative examples, while also improving the sensory scores.

[0106] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 6, it can be found that the addition of high-grade fatty acid flavorings in step (3) of the present invention can improve the sensory quality of tobacco shreds, while the tar and crotonaldehyde release amounts are comparable in Example 1 and Comparative Example 6.

[0107] The applicant declares that this invention illustrates the method and application of reducing tar and crotonaldehyde release from tobacco stems through the above embodiments, but this invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that this invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to this invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials in the product of this invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of this invention.

[0108] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0109] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

Claims

1. A method for reducing the release of tar and crotonaldehyde from tobacco stems, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) The tobacco stems obtained by tobacco stem treatment are mixed with water, surfactant and phosphate, washed and dried to obtain blank tobacco stems; (2) Tobacco is mixed with a low-boiling-point organic solvent for extraction to obtain extract A and residue; the low-boiling-point organic solvent includes dichloromethane and / or dichloroethane; (3) The residue obtained in step (2) is mixed with an ethanol aqueous solution for extraction to obtain extract B; (4) Mix and concentrate the extract A obtained in step (2) and extract B obtained in step (3) to obtain tobacco extract, and then mix it with flavoring to obtain tobacco backfill liquid; (5) Mix the blank tobacco stems obtained in step (1) with the tobacco backfill liquid obtained in step (4); Steps (1) and (2)-(4) are not distinguished by their order; The surfactant used in step (1) is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; the mass of the surfactant is 0.1-1% of the mass of water. The phosphate in step (1) is diammonium hydrogen phosphate; the mass of the phosphate is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of water.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of tobacco stems to water is 1:(5-10).

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The immersion temperature in step (1) is 50-60℃, the number of immersions is 1-2, and the immersion time for each immersion is 20-40 min independently.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of tobacco to low-boiling-point organic solvent in step (2) is 1:(4-8).

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume fraction of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution in step (3) is 70-95%.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the residue to the ethanol-water solution in step (3) is 1:(4-8), and the extraction temperature is 40-60℃.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fragrance in step (4) includes any one or a combination of at least two of hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, linolenic acid, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate or methyl linolenic acid.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the spice to the tobacco extract in step (4) is (0.05-0.5):

100.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the tobacco backfill liquid to the blank tobacco stems in step (5) is (25-100):100, wherein the mass of the blank tobacco stems is based on dry matter.

10. A tobacco stem shred with reduced tar and crotonaldehyde release, prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. The application of tobacco stems with reduced tar and crotonaldehyde release as described in claim 10 in cigarette manufacturing.

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