A crude gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production

Abstract

The application discloses a crude gasification and separation system for N-vinyl pyrrolidone production, which comprises a rotating device, a material changing device and an independent gasification tank. The rotating device comprises a base table, a rotating seat, a rotating belt and a cover top seat. The rotating belt is arranged between the rotating seat and the cover top seat and can drive the independent gasification tank to rotate. A heating pool is arranged on the upper surface of the base table. The material changing device comprises a fixed beam and a plurality of material changing heads. The material changing head comprises a butt joint cover, a liquid injection head, a gas extraction head, a rotating seat and a lifting device. The liquid injection head and the gas extraction head penetrate through the butt joint cover. The rotating seat is installed on the inner side of the butt joint cover and can drive the lifting device to rotate axially. The independent gasification tank comprises a main tank body and a sealing plug. The main tank body is internally provided with a gasification cavity. The top of the main tank body is provided with an access cavity. The access cavity is externally provided with a material changing cavity. The sealing plug is vertically movably arranged in the access cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of N-vinylpyrrolidone production technology, and more particularly to a crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production. Background Technology

[0002] N-Vinylpyrrolidone is a colorless or pale yellow, slightly odorous, transparent liquid at room temperature, readily soluble in water and many other organic solvents. It is widely used to enhance various physicochemical properties of products, particularly in radiation therapy, the wood flooring industry, the paper or cardboard industry, packaging materials, and screen printing inks, where its use improves the physical properties of products. The production of N-vinylpyrrolidone involves steps such as catalyst preparation, primary ethyleneation reaction, secondary ethyleneation reaction, gasification, flash evaporation, separation by evaporation, and removal of light components. In the gasification step, the crude N-vinylpyrrolidone generated in the secondary ethyleneation reaction is pushed into a vaporizer for vaporization.

[0003] Existing N-vinylpyrrolidone (NPV) vaporization units mainly include immersed spiral coil vaporizers, shell-and-tube vaporizers, and tubular vaporizers. These vaporizers continuously guide NPV into the coils, shells, or tubes of the vaporizer, and then continuously inject a heat exchange medium, such as warm water or steam, into the tube side where the NPV is stored. This heats and vaporizes the NPV, which is then discharged. The entire vaporization process in existing NPV vaporization units is continuous. This means that if a leak occurs in any part of the NPV vaporizer, the entire vaporization process must be stopped, requiring a shutdown. This severely impacts vaporization operations and hinders production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the present invention provides a crude gasification and separation system for the production of N-vinylpyrrolidone.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A crude gasification and separation system for the production of N-vinylpyrrolidone includes a rotating device, a material changing device, and an independent gasification tank. The rotating device includes a base platform, a rotating seat, a rotating belt, and a cover top seat. The rotating belt is disposed between the rotating seat and the cover top seat and is driven to rotate in a cycle. The upper surface of the base platform forms a ring around the outer edge of the rotating seat, which can be used to place the independent gasification tank. The independent gasification tank is driven by the rotating belt to rotate and move on the upper surface of the base platform. A heating pool is provided on the upper surface of the base platform. The material changing device is installed on the top cover. The material changing device includes a fixed beam and multiple material changing heads. Each material changing head includes a docking cover, a liquid injection head, an air extraction head, a rotating seat, and a lifting device. The liquid injection head and the air extraction head pass through the docking cover. The rotating seat is installed inside the docking cover and can drive the lifting device to rotate axially. The independent gasification tank includes a main tank body and a sealing plug. The main tank body has a gasification chamber inside and an inlet chamber at the top. The inlet chamber is surrounded by a material exchange chamber. The sealing plug is vertically movable and is installed in the inlet chamber. The sealing plug includes a main plug column, an adjusting plate, and a moving block. The main plug column has a limiting chamber, and the adjusting plate is installed in the limiting chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the rotating belt includes a rotating chain and multiple belt transfer sleeves. At least two driving components are symmetrically installed on the rotating base. The driving components cooperate with the rotating chain in a manner that can drive the rotating chain to rotate in a cycle. The independent gasification tanks are inserted into each belt transfer sleeve one by one.

[0007] Preferably, the length of the independent gasification tank is greater than the distance from the bottom of the tube sleeve to the bottom of the heating pool, and the heating pool has a guide slope on at least one side, which slopes upward from the bottom of the heating pool to the upper surface of the base platform.

[0008] Preferably, the material changing head is positioned corresponding to each independent gasification tank on the upper surface of the base platform. The material changing head is connected to the fixed beam via a telescopic component, which can drive the material changing head to move vertically.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting piece can only move vertically within the limiting cavity, but cannot move horizontally or rotate. The moving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the adjusting piece, and the moving blocks can extend horizontally out of the limiting cavity.

[0010] Preferably, there is an inner partition wall between the material changing chamber and the inlet chamber, and the inner partition wall has a limiting socket that allows the insertion of a protruding movable card block.

[0011] Preferably, a spring abutment is provided around the movable block, and a return spring is provided around the movable block. The two ends of the return spring abut against the spring abutment and the side wall of the limiting cavity, respectively. The movable block has a surface that slopes downward toward the adjusting plate on the side facing the adjusting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting plate has a docking cavity, which is connected to the limiting cavity through the insertion port. The limiting cavity is connected upward to the outside of the main plug. Due to their different shapes, the insertion port and the docking cavity form a force shoulder at the top of the docking cavity. The lower end of the lifting device can be inserted into the docking cavity and is prevented from moving upward by the force shoulder after being adjusted to a suitable angle.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The N-vinylpyrrolidone to be vaporized is divided into several independent vaporization tanks for vaporization. The independent vaporization tanks are driven by a rotating device to move in a cycle. The crude N-vinylpyrrolidone injected into the independent vaporization tank is heated and vaporized when the independent vaporization tank enters the heating pool. Then, the N-vinylpyrrolidone gas is extracted by the material exchange device and new crude N-vinylpyrrolidone to be vaporized is injected. The whole process is continuous and the vaporization efficiency is high.

[0014] The independent vaporizers are independent of each other. When one of the independent vaporizers leaks, it can be dealt with separately without affecting the other independent vaporizers. The entire N-vinylpyrrolidone vaporizer can still work normally, ensuring the continuity of N-vinylpyrrolidone vaporization. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a crude gasification and separation system for the production of N-vinylpyrrolidone according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production according to the present invention after removing the top cover; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the upper part of the independent gasification tank described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the upper part of the independent gasification tank described in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material changing head structure described in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side sectional view of the material changing head described in this invention; Figure 8 This is a side sectional view of the abnormality early warning device described in this invention; Figure 9 This is a side sectional view of the safety mechanism described in this invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Rotary device; 101. Heating tank; 1011. Guide slope; 102. Guide rail; 103. Liner groove; 11. Base platform; 12. Rotary seat; 13. Rotary belt; 131. Rotary chain; 132. With tube transfer sleeve; 133. Connecting arm; 134. Guide column; 14. Cover top seat; 15. Drive component; 2. Material changing device; 21. Fixed beam; 22. Material changing head; 221. Docking cover; 2211. Flat sealing cover; 2212. Cover ring; 2213. Airtight ring; 222. Liquid injection head; 2 23. Suction head; 224. Rotary seat; 225. Lifting device; 2251. Lifting arm; 2252. Lifting head; 23. Telescopic component; 3. Independent vaporization tank; 301. Vaporization chamber; 302. Inlet chamber; 303. Placement shoulder; 304. Material changing chamber; 305. Connecting port; 31. Main tank body; 32. Sealing plug; 3201. Limiting chamber; 3202. Limiting insertion port; 3203. Docking chamber; 3204. Insertion port; 3205. Force-bearing shoulder; 321. Main plug; 322. Adjusting plate; 323. Moving card 324. Airtight gasket; 325. Spring abutment; 326. Return spring; 4. Sealing shell; 5. Abnormal warning device; 51. Splicing cover; 511. Cover plate; 512. Semi-ring enclosure; 52. N-vinylpyrrolidone gas detection assembly; 521. Detector head; 522. PLC controller; 53. Magnetic opening and closing assembly; 531. Rangefinder; 532. Electromagnetic block; 533. Current controller; 54. Guiding assembly; 541. Moving connector; 542. Positioning rail; 6. Safety mechanism; 601. Temporary retraction 602. Cavity; 603. Sealing groove; 604. Corresponding groove; 605. Outlet; 61. Liner assembly; 611. Telescopic rod; 612. Liner cover; 613. Magnetic block; 614. Connecting piece; 62. Sealing assembly; 621. Receiving tank; 622. Sealing cover; 623. Permanent magnet; 624. Heating wire; 625. Sealing wax; 626. Connecting piece; 63. Output assembly; 631. Guide chamber; 632. Placement chamber; 633. Moving part; 6331. Motor; 6332. Screw; 6333. Outer end. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Reference Figure 1-10A crude gasification and separation system for the production of N-vinylpyrrolidone includes a rotating device 1, a material changing device 2, and an independent gasification tank 3. The rotating device 1 can drive the independent gasification tank 3 to rotate and move, so as to heat and gasify the N-vinylpyrrolidone stored in the independent gasification tank 3 when passing through the heating pool 101 set in the rotating device 1. The material changing device 2 is set in the rotating device 1 to extract the N-vinylpyrrolidone gas in the independent gasification tank 3 and inject new N-vinylpyrrolidone to be gasified.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The N-vinylpyrrolidone vaporizer is further equipped with a sealing shell 4 to seal and protect the N-vinylpyrrolidone vaporizer. To help technicians better understand this solution, in Figure 1 The sealed shell 4 was not fully shown in the image.

[0021] The rotating device 1 includes a base platform 11, a rotating seat 12, a rotating belt 13, and a cover top seat 14. The rotating seat 12 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base platform 11. The horizontal contour of the outer periphery of the base platform 11 is larger than that of the rotating seat 12, so that the upper surface of the base platform 11 forms a platform around the rotating seat 12, which can accommodate the independent gasification tank 3.

[0022] At least two driving members 15 are symmetrically mounted on the wheel hub 12. The driving members 15 can rotate axially under the drive of an external force. The wheel belt 13 includes a wheel chain 131 and a plurality of belt-shifting sleeves 132. The belt-shifting sleeves 132 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the wheel chain 131 so as to move horizontally with the rotation of the wheel chain 131. The wheel chain 131 is supported and taut by the two driving members 15. The driving members 15 cooperate with the wheel chain 131 in a manner that can drive the wheel chain 131 to rotate cyclically. The driving members 15 can be connected to a power device such as an electric motor and driven to rotate axially, thereby driving the wheel belt 13 to rotate cyclically.

[0023] The sleeve 132 with the moving tube is connected to the wheel chain 131 through the connecting arm 133. Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting arm 133 are vertically mounted with guide posts 134. The upper surface of the wheel seat 12 and the lower surface of the cover top seat 14 have guide rails 102. The guide posts 134 can be horizontally slidably inserted into the guide rails 102, so that the wheel belt 13 rotates along the trajectory of the guide rails 102 under the drive of the drive member 15.

[0024] The independent gasification tank 3 is disposed within each transfer sleeve 132, thereby moving horizontally as the rotating belt 13 rotates. The transfer sleeve 132 extends outside the rotating seat 12 but does not exceed the periphery of the base platform 11. The independent gasification tank 3 disposed within the transfer sleeve 132 can be placed on the upper surface of the base platform 11 and move horizontally.

[0025] The heating pool 101 extends to the upper surface of the base platform 11, so that the independent vaporization tank 3, which moves on the upper surface of the base platform 11, falls into the heating pool 101 after moving above it. The heating pool 101 is connected to an external circulating heating system and continuously stores a heating liquid at a constant temperature. After the independent vaporization tank 3 falls into the heating pool 101, the N-vinylpyrrolidone stored in the independent vaporization tank 3 will exchange heat with the heating liquid and vaporize.

[0026] The length of the independent vaporization tank 3 is greater than the distance from the bottom of the transfer sleeve 132 to the bottom of the heating pool 101, so that even after the independent vaporization tank 3 sinks to the bottom of the heating pool 101, it can still be moved by the transfer sleeve 132. The heating pool 101 has a guide slope 1011 on at least one side, which slopes upward from the bottom of the heating pool 101 to the upper surface of the base platform 11, so as to guide the independent vaporization tank 3 to be smoothly moved out of the heating pool 101.

[0027] The material changing device 2 is installed on the top cover 14. Before the independent gasification tank 3 enters the heating pool 101, the material changing device 2 first injects N-vinylpyrrolidone into the independent gasification tank 3. The material changing device 2 includes a fixed beam 21 and multiple material changing heads 22. The fixed beam 21 is fixedly installed on the top cover 14. The material changing heads 22 are set at positions corresponding to each independent gasification tank 3 on the upper surface of the base platform 11. The material changing heads 22 are connected to the fixed beam 21 through a telescopic member 23. The telescopic member 23 can drive the material changing heads 22 to move vertically. After the driving member 15 moves a portion of the independent gasification tank 3 to the position corresponding to the material changing head 22, it can remain stationary. At this time, the telescopic member 23 can extend so that the material changing head 22 connects with the upper end of the independent gasification tank 3, thereby extracting the gasified N-vinylpyrrolidone in the independent gasification tank 3 and introducing new N-vinylpyrrolidone to be gasified.

[0028] Specifically, the independent vaporization tank 3 includes a main tank body 31 and a sealing plug 32. The main tank body 31 has a vaporization chamber 301 for holding N-vinylpyrrolidone. The main tank body 31 is made of a heat-conducting material and can withstand a pressure of at least one atmosphere, so that the main tank body 31 can hold N-vinylpyrrolidone under vacuum conditions in the vaporization chamber 301, and allow N-vinylpyrrolidone to rapidly exchange heat and vaporize with the heat exchange liquid in the heating pool 101.

[0029] The main tank 31 has an inlet cavity 302 at its top. The sealing plug 32 is vertically movable and is disposed in the inlet cavity 302. The vaporization cavity 301 extends upward and communicates with the inlet cavity 302. The diameter of the connection between the vaporization cavity 301 and the inlet cavity 302 is smaller than the diameter of the inlet cavity 302, so as to form a placement shoulder 303 at the bottom of the inlet cavity 302. The sealing plug 32 can be placed on the placement shoulder 303.

[0030] The inlet cavity 302 is surrounded by a material exchange cavity 304. The upper ends of both the inlet cavity 302 and the material exchange cavity 304 are connected to the outside of the independent gasification tank 3. There is an inner partition wall between the material exchange cavity 304 and the inlet cavity 302. The inner partition wall has a communication port 305 connecting the inlet cavity 302 and the material exchange cavity 304.

[0031] The sealing plug 32 includes a main plug 321, an adjusting piece 322, a moving block 323, and an airtight gasket 324. The airtight gasket 324 is installed on the bottom surface of the main plug 321. When the main plug 321 is pressed down on the placement shoulder 303, the airtight gasket 324 can tightly seal the connection between the vaporization chamber 301 and the access chamber 302 to ensure the airtightness of the vaporization chamber 301 and prevent N-vinylpyrrolidone from overflowing from the vaporization chamber 301 after vaporization.

[0032] The main plunger 321 has a limiting cavity 3201, and the adjusting piece 322 is disposed in the limiting cavity 3201. The limiting cavity 3201 restricts the position adjustment of the adjusting piece 322, so that the adjusting piece 322 can only move vertically in the limiting cavity 3201, and cannot move horizontally or rotate.

[0033] The movable locking blocks 323 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the adjusting plate 322. The movable locking blocks 323 can move away from the adjusting plate 322 and protrude horizontally from the limiting cavity 3201. The inner partition has a limiting socket 3202 that allows the protruding movable locking blocks 323 to be inserted. The limiting socket 3202 is located in the position where the movable locking blocks 323 can only be inserted after the main plug 321 is set on the placement shoulder 303 and pressed down. When the movable locking blocks 323 are inserted into the limiting socket 3202, they can lock the vertical position of the sealing plug 32, thereby ensuring that the sealing plug 32 is always tightly pressed against the placement shoulder 303 and ensuring the airtightness of the vaporization cavity 301.

[0034] The movable block 323 is surrounded by a spring abutment 325, and a return spring 326 is provided around the movable block 323. The two ends of the return spring 326 abut against the spring abutment 325 and the side wall of the limiting cavity 3201, respectively. When the return spring 326 is at its normal length, it pushes the movable block 323 toward the adjusting piece 322.

[0035] The movable block 323 has a surface that slopes downwards towards the adjusting piece 322 on the side facing the adjusting piece 322. When the adjusting piece 322 is at its lowest point in the limiting cavity 3201, the lower end of the sloped surface of the movable block 323 abuts against the side of the adjusting piece 322. At this time, the adjusting piece 322 pushes the movable block 323 out of the limiting cavity 3201 and inserts it into the limiting socket 3202. At this time, the return spring 326 is in a compressed state. After the adjusting piece 322 moves upward, the movable block 323 disengages from the side of the adjusting piece 322. The return spring 326 pushes the movable block 323 back into the limiting cavity 3201 and out of the limiting socket 3202. When the adjusting piece 322 descends back to the lowest point of the limiting cavity 3201, the adjusting piece 322 can use the sloped surface of the movable block 323 to push the movable block 323 out of the limiting cavity 3201 again.

[0036] The adjustment piece 322 has a docking cavity 3203, which is connected to the limiting cavity 3201 through the insertion port 3204. The limiting cavity 3201 is connected upward to the outside of the main plug 321.

[0037] The material changing head 22 includes a docking cover 221, a liquid injection head 222, a vacuum head 223, a rotating seat 224, and a lifting device 225. The docking cover 221 includes a flat sealing cover 2211 and a cover ring 2212. The upper end of the cover ring 2212 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the flat sealing cover 2211. An airtight ring 2213 is provided at the lower part of the cover ring 2212, which can completely cover the upper opening of the material changing chamber 304. After the material changing head 22 moves directly above the independent gasification tank 3, the telescopic component 23 can press down the material changing head 22, causing the airtight ring 2213 to close the material changing chamber 304. Since the upper end of the cover ring 2212 is closed by the flat sealing cover 2211, when the material changing head 22 presses tightly against the independent gasification tank 3, the inlet chamber 302, the material changing chamber 304, and the space inside the material changing head 22 will be isolated from the external environment.

[0038] The injection head 222 and the extraction head 223 vertically penetrate the flat sealing cover 2211 and the cover ring 2212, respectively. After the material replacement head 22 is pressed tightly against the independent gasification tank 3, the lower ends of the injection head 222 and the extraction head 223 will be inserted into the material replacement chamber 304. The injection head 222 and the extraction head 223 are respectively connected to the external N-vinylpyrrolidone supply system and N-vinylpyrrolidone gas extraction system. When one of the N-vinylpyrrolidone supply system and the N-vinylpyrrolidone gas extraction system is working, the other system is in a stopped state.

[0039] The rotating seat 224 is mounted on the bottom surface of the flat cover 2211, and the lifting device 225 is mounted on the lower end of the rotating seat 224. The rotating seat 224 can drive the lifting device 225 to rotate axially. The lifting device 225 includes a telescopic lifting arm 2251 and a lifting head 2252 mounted on the lower end of the lifting arm 2251. After the material changing head 22 presses against the independent gasification tank 3, the lifting arm 2251 can extend, allowing the lifting head 2252 to extend into the docking cavity 3203 through the insertion port 3204. Due to their different shapes, the insertion port 3204 and the docking cavity 3203 form a force-bearing shoulder 3205 at the top of the docking cavity 3203. After the lifting head 2252 extends into the docking cavity 3203, the rotating seat 224 can drive the lifting device 225 to rotate at a suitable angle so that the lifting head 2252 rotates to the force-bearing shoulder 3205. Below 205, the lifting arm 2251 shortens, allowing the lifting device 225 to lift the entire adjusting piece 322 with the help of the lifting head 2252. After the adjusting piece 322 is lifted, the moving block 323 disengages from the limiting socket 3202, thus releasing the vertical position lock of the sealing plug 32. The top of the limiting cavity 3201 has a limiting top to prevent the adjusting piece 322 from falling out, so that after the lifting arm 2251 lifts the adjusting piece 322 to the top of the limiting cavity 3201, it can continue to lift the entire sealing plug 32, thereby allowing the N-vinylpyrrolidone gas vaporized in the vaporization chamber 301 to enter the access chamber 302.

[0040] The lifting device 225 can pull the sealing plug 32 up to the top of the connecting port 305, so that N-vinylpyrrolidone gas can enter the material exchange chamber 304 through the connecting port 305. At this time, the N-vinylpyrrolidone gas extraction system is running, and the extraction head 223 extracts all the gas in the independent vaporization tank 3. After that, the N-vinylpyrrolidone gas extraction system stops, the N-vinylpyrrolidone supply system starts, and the injection head 222 continuously injects N-vinylpyrrolidone into the material exchange chamber 304. N-vinylpyrrolidone enters the inlet chamber 302 through the connecting port 305 and finally flows into the vaporization chamber 301. The bottom surface height of the material exchange chamber 304 is not lower than the bottom surface height of the connecting port 305, and the bottom surface height of the connecting port 305 is not lower than the placement shoulder 303, so that all the N-vinylpyrrolidone injected into the material exchange chamber 304 can flow into the vaporization chamber 301.

[0041] After new N-vinylpyrrolidone to be vaporized is injected into the vaporization chamber 301, the lifting device 225 presses down the sealing plug 32 again until the moving block 323 engages with the limiting socket 3202, locking the sealing plug 32. At this time, the telescopic component 23 shortens, driving the entire material changing head 22 upward, while the lifting device 225 extends synchronously, pressing down the independent vaporization tank 3, so that the material changing head 22 overcomes the external air pressure and detaches from the independent vaporization tank 3. At this time, the vaporization chamber 301 is still in a vacuum state, and the external air pressure will further press down the sealing plug 32 to ensure the airtightness of the vaporization chamber 301.

[0042] An abnormality warning device 5 is provided at the upper end of the independent gasification tank 3. The abnormality warning device 5 includes two splicing covers 51, an N-vinylpyrrolidone gas detection component 52, and a magnetic control opening and closing component 53. The splicing cover 51 includes a cover plate 511 and a semi-annular wall 512. The inner diameter of the semi-annular wall 512 is larger than the outer diameter of the independent gasification tank 3, so that the abnormality warning device 5 can be completely attached to the independent gasification tank 3. At this time, the splicing cover 51 can cover the top of the inlet cavity 302 and the material exchange cavity 304.

[0043] A guide assembly 54 is installed between the outer wall of the independent gasification tank 3 and the inner wall of the semi-annular enclosure 512. The guide assembly 54 includes a movable connector 541 and a positioning rail 542. The movable connector 541 is slidably disposed within the positioning rail 542 and cannot be dislodged from the positioning rail 542. One end of the movable connector 541 can extend from the positioning rail 542, and the end of the movable connector 541 extending from the positioning rail 542 is connected to the inner wall of the semi-annular enclosure 512. The end of the positioning rail 542 away from the semi-annular enclosure 512 is connected to the outer wall of the independent gasification tank 3. The guide assembly 54 is symmetrically arranged outside the independent gasification tank 3 and is respectively connected to the two splicing covers 51. Under the restriction of the guide assembly 54, the splicing covers 51 can only move towards or away from each other in the horizontal direction.

[0044] The magnetically controlled opening and closing assembly 53 includes a rangefinder 531, an electromagnetic block 532, and a current controller 533. There are two pairs of electromagnetic blocks 532 and current controllers 533, which are respectively installed in two cover plates 511. The current controllers 533 are powered externally and electrically connected to the electromagnetic blocks 532. The current controllers 533 installed in the two cover plates 511 can change the direction of the current supplied to the electromagnetic blocks 532, so as to change the magnetic poles at both ends of the electromagnetic blocks 532.

[0045] The rangefinder 531 is installed on the top of the cover plate 511. The rangefinder 531 is powered by an external power source and electrically connected to the current controller 533. The rangefinder 531 can detect whether there are obstacles above. When the independent gasification tank 3 is moved to the bottom of the fixed beam 21 by the drive belt 13, the rangefinder 531 will detect the presence of the fixed beam 21 above. When the independent gasification tank 3 is not moved below the fixed beam 21, the rangefinder 531 does not detect the presence of the fixed beam 21 above. At this time, the current supplied by the two current controllers 533 is in the same direction, and the magnetic poles of the two electromagnetic blocks 532 on opposite sides are opposite and attract each other. The two splicing covers 51 will move towards each other and dock under the action of magnetic attraction to cover the upper part of the access cavity 302 and the material exchange cavity 304. When the independent gasification tank 3 is moved below the fixed beam 21, the rangefinder 531 detects the presence of the fixed beam 21 above. At this time, the current supplied by the two current controllers 533 is in opposite directions, and the magnetic poles of the two electromagnetic blocks 532 on opposite sides are the same and repel each other. The two splicing covers 51 will move relative to each other and separate under the action of magnetic repulsion to open the access cavity 302 and the material exchange cavity 304 for docking of the material exchange head 22.

[0046] The N-vinylpyrrolidone gas detection assembly 52 includes a detector head 521 and a PLC controller 522. The detector head 521 is embedded in the cover plate 511. When the two splicing covers 51 are spliced ​​together, the detector head 521 is positioned above the inlet chamber 302 or the material exchange chamber 304 to detect the danger in time when N-vinylpyrrolidone gas leakage occurs in the vaporization chamber 301. The PLC controller 522 is electrically connected to the detector head 521 and can take corresponding measures after the detector head 521 detects N-vinylpyrrolidone gas leakage.

[0047] A safety mechanism 6 is installed on the outside of the base platform 11 to safely transport the individual vaporization tank 3 that has experienced a ethylene pyrrolidone gas leak out of the sealed shell 4 for harmless treatment. The safety mechanism 6 includes a liner assembly 61, a sealing assembly 62, and an output assembly 63. The base platform 11 has a liner groove 103 that can accommodate the liner assembly 61. The liner assembly 61 includes a telescopic rod 611 and a liner cover 612. The liner cover 612 is driven by the telescopic rod 611 and can move horizontally within the liner groove 103. The telescopic rod 611 can move the liner cover 612 to a designated position on the path of the moving individual vaporization tank 3 driven by the rotating belt 13. The liner cover 612 is flush with the upper surface of the base platform 11. Under normal circumstances, the telescopic rod 611 moves the liner cover 612 to the designated position, and each individual vaporization tank 3 can rotate and move on the base platform 11 along a designated path.

[0048] The telescopic rod 611 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 522, which is also electrically connected to the drive device of the drive unit 15. After the probe 521 detects a leak of N-vinylpyrrolidone gas, the PLC controller 522 can control the drive unit 15 to move the leaking independent vaporization tank 3 above the liner cover 612 via the wheel belt 13. The sealing assembly 62 can move below the liner cover 612. After the independent vaporization tank 3 moves above the liner cover 612, the telescopic rod 611 pulls the liner cover 612 and no longer supports the independent vaporization tank 3, so that the independent vaporization tank 3 falls into the sealing assembly 62 for sealing and preservation.

[0049] The sealing assembly 62 includes a receiving tank 621 and a sealing cover 622. A permanent magnet 623 is disposed on the upper surface of the sealing cover 622. A temporary storage cavity 601 is located on the lower surface of the supporting cover 612. A magnetic block 613 is installed on the top surface of the temporary storage cavity 601, allowing the sealing cover 622 to enter. The receiving tank 621 has an opening at its upper end. Under normal circumstances, the sealing cover 622 can be detached from the ground cover and placed above the opening of the receiving tank 621. Before the telescopic rod 611 moves the supporting cover 612 away from the sealing assembly 62, it energizes the magnetic block 613 to generate magnetism, temporarily drawing the sealing cover 622 with the permanent magnet 623 into the temporary storage cavity 601, separating it from the sealing cover 622. The attracted sealing cover 622 moves away along with the supporting cover 612, allowing the independent gasification tank 3 to fall smoothly into the receiving tank 621.

[0050] After the independent gasification tank 3 falls into the receiving tank 621, the telescopic rod 611 drives the liner cover 612 to move back above the receiving tank 621. At this time, the magnetic block 613 is de-energized and loses its magnetism, and the sealing cover 622 falls back onto the receiving tank 621, covering the opening. A sealing groove 602 is provided at the top opening of the receiving tank 621. The lower surface of the sealing cover 622 has a corresponding groove 603 that corresponds to the sealing groove 602. A heating wire 624 is laid on the top surface of the corresponding groove 603. The lower part of the heating wire 624 is filled with sealing wax 625. The volume of the sealing wax 625 in the corresponding groove 603 is larger than the volume of the sealing groove 602. The sealing wax 625 is pre-filled in the corresponding groove 603 and is in a solidified state. At this time, the sealing cover 622 and the receiving tank 621 can be detachably connected.

[0051] The outer side of the sealing cover 622 has a contact piece 626 electrically connected to the heating wire 624. The lower end of the liner cover 612 is fitted with a mating piece 614 that fits against the outer side of the sealing cover 622. When the sealing cover 622 covers the upper end of the opening of the receiving tank 621, the contact piece 626 and the mating piece 614 fit together so that current can flow from the mating piece 614 to the contact piece 626. After the independent vaporization tank 3 falls into the receiving tank 621, the sealing cover 622 covers the receiving tank 621 again. The liner assembly 61 supplies electrical energy to the contact piece 626, which eventually flows to the heating wire 624. After the heating wire 624 is energized, it heats and melts the originally solidified sealing wax 625, which flows downward into the sealing groove 602 until the sealing groove 602 is filled, and some liquid sealing wax 625 is in the corresponding groove 603. After the sealing wax 625 is filled, the sealing groove 602 and the supporting assembly 61 are powered off. The sealing wax 625 cools down again and fills and seals the gap between the receiving tank 621 and the sealing cap 622 to prevent N-vinylpyrrolidone gas from leaking out of the receiving tank 621.

[0052] The output component 63 includes a guide chamber 631, a placement chamber 632, and a moving part 633. The guide chamber 631 extends from the base platform 11 to the outside of the sealing shell 4. The guide chamber 631 is hollow inside, and the part of the guide chamber 631 extending outside the sealing shell 4 has an outlet 604. The placement chamber 632 is disposed inside the guide chamber 631. The two sides of the placement chamber 632 are in close contact with the inner wall of the guide chamber 631. The placement chamber 632 remains vertical under the constraint of the guide chamber 631. The upper end of the placement chamber 632 is open and the inside is hollow to allow the receiving can 621 to be placed inside the placement chamber 632. After the receiving can 621 is placed inside the placement chamber 632, its four sides are in contact with the inner wall of the placement chamber 632 to remain vertical inside the placement chamber 632 and can move horizontally together with the placement chamber 632.

[0053] The movable component 633 is disposed within the guide chamber 631. The movable component 633 includes a motor 6331, a screw 6332, and an outer sleeve 6333. The outer sleeve 6333 is connected to the placement chamber 632, and the screw 6332 is threadedly connected to the outer sleeve 6333. The screw 6332 is horizontally positioned and extends outward from the sealing shell 4. The motor 6331 can drive the screw 6332 to rotate axially, thereby causing the outer sleeve 6333 and the placement chamber 632 to move horizontally. The sealing assembly 62 containing the leaking independent vaporization tank 3 will be moved to the outlet 604 by the output assembly 63 and removed by technicians for subsequent harmless treatment.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] The control method of this invention is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, since this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail here.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crude gasification and separation system for the production of N-vinylpyrrolidone, comprising a rotating unit (1), a material changing unit (2), and multiple independent gasification tanks (3), characterized in that: The independent gasification tank (3) is placed on the rotating device (1) and is driven by the rotating device (1) to rotate in a cycle. The material changing device (2) is installed on the rotating device (1). The material changing device (2) includes a fixed beam (21) and multiple material changing heads (22). The material changing head (22) includes a docking cover (221), a liquid injection head (222), an air extraction head (223), a rotating seat (224), and a lifting device (225). The liquid injection head (222) and the air extraction head (223) penetrate the docking cover (221). The rotating seat (224) is installed inside the docking cover (221) and can drive the lifting device (225) to rotate axially. The docking cover (221) includes a flat sealing cover (2211) and a cover ring (2212). The upper end of the cover ring (2212) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the flat sealing cover (2211). An airtight ring (2213) is provided at the lower part of the cover ring (2212). The airtight ring (2213) can completely cover the upper opening of the material changing chamber (304). The independent gasification tank (3) includes a main tank body (31) and a sealing plug (32). The main tank body (31) has a gasification chamber (301) inside and an inlet chamber (302) at the top of the main tank body (31). The inlet chamber (302) has a material exchange chamber (304) around its periphery. The sealing plug (32) is vertically movable and is installed in the inlet chamber (302). The sealing plug (32) includes a main plug column (321), an adjusting plate (322), and a moving block (323). The main plug column (321) has a limiting cavity (3201), and the adjusting plate (322) is installed in the limiting cavity (3201). The rotating device (1) includes a base platform (11), a rotating seat (12), a rotating belt (13), and a cover top seat (14). The rotating belt (13) is located between the rotating seat (12) and the cover top seat (14). The rotating belt (13) is driven to rotate in a cycle. The upper surface of the base platform (11) forms a platform around the rotating seat (12) for placing an independent gasification tank (3). A heating pool (101) is provided on the upper surface of the base platform (11). The material changing head (22) is set at a position corresponding to each independent gasification tank (3) on the upper surface of the base platform (11). The material changing head (22) is connected to the fixed beam (21) through a telescopic component (23). The telescopic component (23) can drive the material changing head (22) to move vertically. The material changing chamber (304) and the inlet chamber (302) are provided with an inner partition wall, and the inner partition wall (33) has a communication port (305) connecting the inlet chamber (302) and the material changing chamber (304). After the material exchange head (22) is pressed tightly against the independent gasification tank (3), the lower ends of the liquid injection head (222) and the gas extraction head (223) will be inserted into the material exchange chamber (304), and the lifting device (225) will pull the sealing plug (32) up to the top of the connecting port (305), so that N-vinylpyrrolidone gas enters the material exchange chamber (304) through the connecting port (305).

2. The crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating belt (13) includes a rotating chain (131) and multiple sleeves with transfer tubes (132). At least two driving components (15) are symmetrically installed on the rotating seat (12). The driving components (15) cooperate with the rotating chain (131) in a way that can drive the rotating chain (131) to rotate in a cycle. The independent gasification tanks (3) are inserted into each sleeve with transfer tubes (132) one by one.

3. The crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the independent gasification tank (3) is greater than the distance from the bottom of the tube sleeve (132) to the bottom of the heating pool (101). The heating pool (101) has a guide slope (1011) on at least one side, which slopes upward from the bottom of the heating pool (101) to the upper surface of the base platform (11).

4. The crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment piece (322) can only move vertically within the limiting cavity (3201), but cannot move horizontally or rotate. The moving block (323) is symmetrically arranged outside the adjustment piece (322), and the moving block (323) can extend horizontally out of the limiting cavity (3201).

5. The crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner partition has a limiting socket (3202) that allows a protruding movable block (323) to be inserted.

6. The crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable block (323) is provided with a spring abutment (325) around its periphery, and a return spring (326) is provided around the movable block (323). The two ends of the return spring (326) abut against the spring abutment (325) and the side wall of the limiting cavity (3201) respectively. The movable block (323) has a surface that slopes from top to bottom toward the adjustment piece (322) on the side facing the adjustment piece (322).

7. The crude product gasification and separation system for N-vinylpyrrolidone production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting piece (322) has a docking cavity (3203), which is connected to the limiting cavity (3201) through the insertion port (3204). The limiting cavity (3201) is connected upward to the outside of the main plug (321). Due to their different shapes, the insertion port (3204) and the docking cavity (3203) form a force shoulder (3205) at the top of the docking cavity (3203). The lower end of the lifting device (225) can be inserted into the docking cavity (3203) and is prevented from moving upward by the force shoulder (3205) after being adjusted to a predetermined angle.

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