A method and apparatus for replacing embedded bolted fixtures

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for instead of pre-embedded bolt assembly fixing device and method, including mounting frame, welding unit, fixed unit and clamping unit, mounting frame is used for the installation and fixation of welding unit, fixed unit and clamping unit, welding unit is used for the welding of bolt, fixed unit is used for the fixation of car plate, avoid the inclination of welding process, clamping unit is used for the clamping of bolt rod, avoid the gap between bolt head and car plate when welding bolt head, so as to cause false welding reduce welding quality, after car plate is placed on mounting frame, worker places bolt into welding hole and clamps bolt rod by clamping unit, fixed unit adsorbs and fixes car plate, so as to guarantee that bolt head and car plate welding place are fully adhered, avoid gap, finally accurate welding is carried out by welding unit, so as to realize the assembly and fixation of bolt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automobile processing and manufacturing technology, specifically to an assembly and fixing device and method for replacing pre-embedded bolts. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industrial technology, bolt assembly and fixing technology has been widely used in fields such as machinery manufacturing, construction engineering, and electronic equipment installation. While traditional pre-embedded bolt assembly and fixing methods meet assembly requirements to a certain extent, they have revealed many problems in practical applications, such as difficulty in controlling the accuracy of the pre-embedded position, susceptibility to damage to pre-embedded parts, and high pre-embedding costs. Furthermore, with the increasing complexity and precision of products, the requirements for bolt assembly and fixing are also increasing, and traditional pre-embedded methods can no longer meet these demands.

[0003] On the other hand, insert injection molding, as a common fixing method, is widely used in the connection between plastic and metal parts. However, this method has limitations in the field of bolt assembly and fixing. For example, the fluidity of the plastic material during injection molding may cause bolt displacement, and the injection pressure may damage the bolts. In addition, traditional insert injection molding processes often complicate the mold structure, prolong the injection molding cycle, increase manufacturing costs, and increase the difficulty of automated production. The inconsistency between the thermal expansion coefficients of the insert and the plastic can easily cause internal stress in the product, leading to product cracking, or the product may deform due to the inconsistency between the thermal expansion coefficients of the insert and the plastic.

[0004] Therefore, developing a new type of bolt assembly and fixing equipment and method to replace the pre-embedded type has important practical significance and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for assembling and fixing bolts to replace pre-embedded bolts, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The aforementioned assembly and fixing device for replacing pre-embedded bolts includes a mounting frame, a clamping unit, a fixing unit, and a welding unit. The mounting frame is placed on a horizontal foundation. The clamping unit is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame near the horizontal foundation and has the function of clamping bolt shanks. The fixing unit is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame near the horizontal foundation and is used to adsorb and fix the vehicle body to be welded, offsetting the tension applied to the bolt shanks by the clamping unit. The welding unit is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame away from the horizontal foundation and has an angle adjustment function.

[0007] The mounting bracket is used to install and fix the welding unit, fixing unit, and clamping unit. The welding unit is used for welding bolts, the fixing unit is used to fix the vehicle panel and prevent tilting during the welding process, and the clamping unit is used to clamp the bolt shank to prevent gaps between the bolt head and the vehicle panel when welding the bolt head, which would cause false welds and reduce the welding quality. After the vehicle panel is placed on the mounting bracket, the worker puts the bolt into the welding hole and clamps the bolt shank through the clamping unit. The fixing unit adsorbs and fixes the vehicle panel, thus ensuring that the bolt head and the welding joint of the vehicle panel are fully fitted and preventing gaps. Finally, the welding unit performs precise welding to complete the assembly and fixing of the bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping unit includes a mounting plate, a mounting rod, an adjusting box, a moving block, a triangular block, rollers, clamping wheels, a mounting column, a clamping block, and an electromagnet. The mounting plate is vertically fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the mounting frame near the horizontal foundation. The two ends of the mounting rod are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the mounting plate away from the horizontal foundation. The closed end of the adjusting box is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the mounting rod. The adjusting box has a moving groove inside. The moving block is slidably mounted in the moving groove of the adjusting box. The triangular block is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the middle part of the moving block. The two ends of the mounting column are vertically fixedly mounted on the inner surfaces of the two wide sides of the adjusting box. The clamping block is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the mounting column. A clamping wheel is rotatably mounted on the end of the clamping block away from the triangular block. A clamping wheel is rotatably mounted on the end of the moving block away from the mounting plate. A roller is rotatably mounted on the end of the clamping block near the triangular block. The electromagnet is fixedly mounted on the end of the moving groove near the closed end of the adjusting box. The electromagnet is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0009] After the workpiece is placed, the bolts are inserted into the mounting holes. The operator adjusts the angle of the adjustment box to align with the bolts. The controller then controls the electromagnet to change its polarity, pushing the moving block to move. This causes the triangular blocks to move together in the moving slot toward the opening of the adjustment box. At this time, the rollers contact the triangular blocks and, under the action of the inclined side of the triangular blocks, push the rollers away from each other. As the rollers move away from each other, they cause the clamping block to rotate around the mounting column. This causes the clamping wheels at both ends to move closer to each other, while the clamping wheel at the end of the moving block also gradually moves closer to the bolt rod, thus achieving the clamping of bolt rods of different diameters.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing unit includes a vacuum pump, a vertical plate, a telescopic tube, and a vacuum suction cup. The vacuum pump is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame near the horizontal foundation. The vertical plate is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame near the horizontal foundation. One end of the telescopic tube is vertically fixedly installed on the surface of the vertical plate near the clamping unit. The other end of the telescopic tube is fixedly connected to the vacuum suction cup. The vacuum pump is connected to the telescopic tube and is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0011] After the bolt rod is clamped, the worker will stretch and compress the telescopic tube to bring the vacuum suction cup into contact with the vehicle panel. At this time, the controller will start the vacuum pump to expel the gas inside the vacuum suction cup, thereby adsorbing and fixing the vehicle panel, so that the bolt head fits into the vehicle panel. The worker will then manually release the pressure on the bolt head to avoid gaps caused by unstable pressure on the bolt head during manual welding, which would affect the welding quality.

[0012] Furthermore, the welding unit includes a motor, a telescopic rod, a round rod, a mounting box, a connecting rod, a rotating rod, a rotating block, a memory metal spring, a convex plate, a rotating box, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a fixed block, a welding torch, and a vision sensor. The motor is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the mounting frame at one end perpendicular to the horizontal foundation. One end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the motor output end, and the other end of the telescopic rod is perpendicularly fixedly connected to one end of the fixed round rod. A rectangular groove is provided on the inner surface of the mounting frame at the end away from the horizontal foundation. The round rod is slidably connected to the rectangular groove, and the other end of the round rod passes through the rectangular groove and is fixedly connected to the mounting box. An arc-shaped groove is opened on one end surface of the mounting box. One end of the connecting rod extends into the interior of the mounting box and is fixedly connected to the rotating box, and the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the mounting box and is fixedly connected to the rotating block. One end of the rotating rod is connected to... The outer surface of the mounting box is fixedly connected. The other end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the rotating block. One end of the memory metal spring is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating block near the horizontal foundation. The memory metal spring deforms when heated by electricity, driving the rotating block to rotate around the rotating rod. The other end of the memory metal spring is fixedly connected to the surface of the convex plate away from the horizontal foundation. The end of the convex plate perpendicular to the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting box. The fixed end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the rotating box away from the horizontal foundation. The extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed block away from the horizontal foundation. The surface of the fixed block near the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the vision sensor. The surface of the fixed block near the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the welding torch. The fixed block is slidably connected to the mounting box.

[0013] The controller controls the motor to extend the telescopic rod until the welding torch is above the vehicle panel. At this point, a vision sensor detects the position of the bolt head and sends feedback to the controller. The operator continuously presses the controller button, causing the controller to continuously output current to the memory metal spring. When the bolt is below and to the left of the welding torch, the operator applies current to the right-side memory metal spring, causing it to heat up and expand. This pushes the rotating block to rotate to the left around the rotating rod, causing the connecting rod to rotate to the left within the arc-shaped groove of the mounting box. Under the action of the connecting rod, the rotating box rotates to the left synchronously. When the vision sensor detects that the bolt is in the exact center of the vision sensor, a signal is transmitted to the controller to issue an alarm sound, prompting the operator to cancel pressing the control button. At the same time, the controller automatically maintains the output current value, keeping the memory metal spring in its current extension and retraction state. At this point, the controller controls the hydraulic telescopic rod to extend, moving the welding torch to the welding point between the bolt and the vehicle panel for precise welding. This completes the bolt assembly and fixation, achieving precise bolt welding and improving welding quality.

[0014] Furthermore, a magnet is fixedly installed at the end of the movable block.

[0015] In order to move the moving block and bring the clamping wheels closer together, thereby clamping the bolt rod and preventing bolt vibration during the welding process, which would affect the welding quality.

[0016] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the inner surface of the mounting bracket at the end near the horizontal foundation.

[0017] In order to place the workpiece on the mounting frame, the clamping unit and the fixing unit work together to keep the workpiece stable, ensure the stability of the bolt assembly and fixing process, and improve the welding quality.

[0018] Furthermore, the motor is electrically connected to an external controller, the memory metal spring is electrically connected to an external controller, the hydraulic telescopic rod is electrically connected to an external controller, the welding torch is electrically connected to an external controller, and the vision sensor is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0019] To achieve automation and timely response, the bolt assembly and fixing work is controlled by a controller, avoiding the welding quality and safety problems that occur with manual bolt welding. At the same time, it can greatly improve the system's response speed and execution efficiency, and improve the speed and accuracy of bolt assembly and fixing, thereby improving both processing quality and processing efficiency.

[0020] A method for replacing pre-embedded bolts in assembly and fixing, employing a bolt assembly and fixing device to replace pre-embedded bolts, includes the following steps: S1, Placement on the vehicle platform; Step S1 includes the following specific steps: S11. Place the car body to be processed at the processing area; S2, bolt clamping; Step S2 includes the following specific steps: S21. Insert the bolt into the mounting hole of the vehicle panel, manually press the bolt head to fit tightly against the vehicle panel, and then clamp the bolt shank to ensure that the bolt shank end forms a tensile force on the vehicle panel. S3, vehicle panel fixing; Step S3 includes the following specific steps: S31. Adsorb and fix the car panel on one side of the bolt head end to counteract the tension formed on the car panel by the clamping bolt rod end, keep the car panel stable, and manually cancel the action of pressing the bolt head. S4, Bolt welding; Step S4 includes the following specific steps: S41. Control the welding unit to adjust the angle to align the bolt head with the welding point of the vehicle body and weld to complete the bolt assembly and fixation.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: the present invention uses an electromagnet in the clamping unit to push the moving block to move the triangular block, thereby causing the clamping wheels to move closer to each other, while the clamping wheel at the end of the moving block also gradually moves closer to the bolt rod, thereby realizing the clamping of bolt rods of different diameters; This invention uses a clamping unit in conjunction with a vacuum suction cup of a fixing unit to adsorb and fix the vehicle panel, so that the bolt head fits snugly against the vehicle panel. This avoids gaps caused by unstable pressing of the bolt head during manual welding, which would affect the welding quality and prevent the defects caused by manual welding. This invention utilizes a shape memory metal spring in the welding unit to generate current, causing it to heat up and expand. This expansion drives a rotating block to rotate a rotating box until the vision sensor detects that the bolt is located in the center of the vision sensor. At this point, the output current value is maintained, keeping the shape memory metal spring in its current extended state. The controller then controls the hydraulic telescopic rod to extend and move the welding torch to the welding point between the bolt and the vehicle panel for precise welding. This completes the assembly and fixing of the bolt, achieving precise welding and improving welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a portion of the welding unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the welding unit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping unit of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Mounting frame, 2-Clamping unit, 21-Mounting plate, 22-Mounting rod, 23-Adjusting box, 24-Moving block, 25-Triangular block, 26-Roller, 27-Clamping wheel, 28-Mounting column, 29-Clamping block, 210-Electromagnet, 3-Fixing unit, 31-Vacuum pump, 32-Upright plate, 33-Telescopic tube, 34-Vacuum suction cup, 4-Welding unit, 41-Motor, 42-Telescopic rod, 43-Round rod, 44-Mounting box, 45-Connecting rod, 46-Rotating rod, 47-Rotating block, 48-Memory metal spring, 49-Protruding plate, 410-Rotating box, 411-Hydraulic telescopic rod, 412-Fixing block, 413-Welding torch, 414-Vision sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides the following technical solution: like Figure 1 As shown, a bolt assembly and fixing device for replacing pre-embedded bolts includes a mounting frame 1, a clamping unit 2, a fixing unit 3, and a welding unit 4. The mounting frame 1 is placed on a horizontal foundation. The clamping unit 2 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame 1 near the horizontal foundation and has the function of clamping bolt rods. The fixing unit 3 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame 1 near the horizontal foundation and is used to adsorb and fix the vehicle plate to be welded, and to counteract the tension applied to the bolt rods by the clamping unit 2. The welding unit 4 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame 1 away from the horizontal foundation and has the function of angle adjustment.

[0025] Mounting bracket 1 is used for mounting and fixing welding unit 4, fixing unit 3 and clamping unit 2. Welding unit 4 is used for welding bolts, fixing unit 3 is used for fixing the vehicle panel to prevent tilting during the welding process, and clamping unit 2 is used for clamping bolt shanks to prevent gaps between bolt heads and vehicle panels when welding bolt heads, which would cause false welds and reduce welding quality. After the vehicle panel is placed on mounting bracket 1, the worker puts the bolt into the welding hole and clamps the bolt shank through clamping unit 2. Fixing unit 3 adsorbs and fixes the vehicle panel, thus ensuring that the bolt head and the welding joint of the vehicle panel are fully fitted and preventing gaps. Finally, precise welding is performed through welding unit 4 to achieve the assembly and fixing of bolts.

[0026] like Figure 2 , 5 As shown, the clamping unit 2 includes a mounting plate 21, a mounting rod 22, an adjusting box 23, a moving block 24, a triangular block 25, a roller 26, a clamping wheel 27, a mounting column 28, a clamping block 29, and an electromagnet 210. The mounting plate 21 is vertically fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the mounting frame 1 near the horizontal foundation. The two ends of the mounting rod 22 are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the mounting plate at the end away from the horizontal foundation. The closed end of the adjusting box 23 is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the mounting rod 22. A moving groove is provided inside the adjusting box 23. The moving block 24 is slidably mounted in the moving groove opened in the adjusting box 23. 25 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer surface of the middle part of the moving block 24. The two ends of the mounting column 28 are vertically fixedly installed on the inner surface of the two wide sides of the adjusting box 23. The clamping block 29 is rotatably installed on the outer surface of the mounting column 28. The clamping block 29 is rotatably installed with a clamping wheel 27 at the end away from the triangular block 25. The moving block 24 is rotatably installed with a clamping wheel 27 at the end away from the mounting plate 21. The clamping block 29 is rotatably installed with a roller 26 at the end near the triangular block 25. The electromagnet 210 is fixedly installed at the end of the moving slot near the closed end of the adjusting box 23. The electromagnet 210 is electrically connected to the external controller.

[0027] After the workpiece is placed, the bolts are inserted into the mounting holes. After the operator adjusts the angle of the adjustment box 23 to align with the bolts, the controller controls the electromagnet 210 to change its polarity and push the moving block 24 to move. This causes the triangular block 25 to move together in the moving groove toward the opening end of the adjustment box 23. At this time, the roller 26 contacts the triangular block 25 and, under the action of the hypotenuse of the triangular block 25, pushes the roller 26 away from each other. When the roller 26 moves away from each other, it causes the clamping block 29 to rotate around the mounting post 28. This causes the clamping wheels 27 at both ends to move closer to each other. At the same time, the clamping wheel 27 at the end of the moving block 24 also gradually moves closer to the bolt rod, thereby achieving the clamping of bolt rods of different diameters.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the fixing unit 3 includes a vacuum pump 31, a vertical plate 32, a telescopic tube 33, and a vacuum suction cup 34. The vacuum pump 31 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame 1 near the horizontal foundation. The vertical plate 32 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame 1 near the horizontal foundation. One end of the telescopic tube 33 is vertically fixedly installed on the surface of the vertical plate 32 near the clamping unit 2. The other end of the telescopic tube 33 is fixedly connected to the vacuum suction cup 34. The vacuum pump 31 is connected to the telescopic tube 33 by pipe. The vacuum pump 31 is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0029] After the bolt rod is clamped, the worker will stretch and compress the telescopic tube 33 to bring the vacuum suction cup 34 into contact with the vehicle panel. At this time, the controller will start the vacuum pump 31 to expel the gas inside the vacuum suction cup 34, thereby adsorbing and fixing the vehicle panel, so that the bolt head is in contact with the vehicle panel. The worker will then manually release the pressure on the bolt head to avoid gaps caused by unstable pressure on the bolt head during manual welding, which would affect the welding quality.

[0030] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the welding unit 4 includes a motor 41, a telescopic rod 42, a round rod 43, a mounting box 44, a connecting rod 45, a rotating rod 46, a rotating block 47, a memory metal spring 48, a protruding plate 49, a rotating box 410, a hydraulic telescopic rod 411, a fixed block 412, a welding torch 413, and a vision sensor 414. The motor 41 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the mounting frame 1 at one end perpendicular to the horizontal foundation. One end of the telescopic rod 42 is fixedly connected to the motor output end, and the other end of the telescopic rod 42 is vertically fixedly connected to one end of the fixed round rod 43. A rectangular groove is provided on the inner surface of the mounting frame 1 at the end away from the horizontal foundation. The round rod 43 is slidably connected to the rectangular groove, and the other end of the round rod 43 passes through the rectangular groove and is fixedly connected to the mounting box 44. An arc-shaped groove is provided on one end surface of the mounting box 44. One end of the connecting rod 45 extends into the mounting box 44 and is fixedly connected to the rotating box 410, while the other end of the connecting rod 45 extends out of the mounting box 44 and is fixedly connected to the rotating block 47. One end of the moving rod 46 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting box 44, and the other end of the rotating rod 46 is rotatably connected to the rotating block 47. One end of the memory metal spring 48 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating block 47 near the horizontal foundation. The memory metal spring 48 deforms when heated by electricity, driving the rotating block 47 to rotate around the rotating rod 46. The other end of the memory metal spring 48 is fixedly connected to the surface of the protruding plate 49 away from the horizontal foundation. The end of the protruding plate 49 perpendicular to the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting box 44. The fixed end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 411 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the rotating box 410 away from the horizontal foundation. The extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 411 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed block 412 away from the horizontal foundation. The surface of the fixed block 412 near the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the vision sensor 414. The surface of the fixed block 412 near the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the welding torch 413. The fixed block 412 is slidably connected to the mounting box 44.

[0031] The controller controls the motor 41 to extend the telescopic rod 42 until the welding torch 413 is above the vehicle panel. At this time, the position of the bolt head is detected by the vision sensor 414 and fed back to the controller. The operator continuously presses the control button of the controller, so that the controller continuously outputs current to the memory metal spring 48. When the bolt is to the lower left of the welding torch 413, the operator passes current to the right memory metal spring 48, which heats up and expands, thereby pushing the rotating block 47 to rotate to the left around the rotating rod 46. This causes the connecting rod 45 to rotate to the left in the arc groove of the mounting box 44. Under the action of the connecting rod 45, the rotating box 410 rotates to the left synchronously. When the vision sensor 414 detects that the bolt is in the center of the vision sensor 414, a signal is transmitted to the controller to issue an alarm sound to prompt the operator to cancel pressing the control button. At the same time, the controller automatically maintains the output current value to keep the memory metal spring 48 in the current extension state. At this time, the controller controls the hydraulic telescopic rod 411 to extend and move the welding torch 413 to the welding point between the bolt and the vehicle panel for precise welding. This completes the assembly and fixing of the bolt, realizes the precise welding of the bolt, and improves the welding quality.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, a magnet is fixedly installed at the end of the movable block 24.

[0033] In order to move the moving block 24 and bring the clamping wheels 27 closer together, thereby clamping the bolt rod and preventing bolt vibration during the welding process, which would affect the welding quality.

[0034] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a groove is provided on the inner surface of the mounting bracket 1 near the horizontal foundation.

[0035] In order to place the workpiece on the mounting bracket 1, the clamping unit 2 and the fixing unit 3 work together to keep the workpiece stable, ensure the stability of the bolt assembly and fixing process, and improve the welding quality.

[0036] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, motor 41 is electrically connected to an external controller, memory metal spring 48 is electrically connected to an external controller, hydraulic telescopic rod 411 is electrically connected to an external controller, welding torch 413 is electrically connected to an external controller, and vision sensor 414 is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0037] To achieve automation and timely response, the bolt assembly and fixing work is controlled by a controller, avoiding the welding quality and safety problems that occur with manual bolt welding. At the same time, it can greatly improve the system's response speed and execution efficiency, and improve the speed and accuracy of bolt assembly and fixing, thereby improving both processing quality and processing efficiency.

[0038] A method for replacing pre-embedded bolts in assembly and fixing, employing a bolt assembly and fixing device to replace pre-embedded bolts, includes the following steps: S1, Placement on the vehicle platform; Step S1 includes the following specific steps: S11. Place the car body to be processed at the processing area; S2, bolt clamping; Step S2 includes the following specific steps: S21. Insert the bolt into the mounting hole of the vehicle panel, manually press the bolt head to fit tightly against the vehicle panel, and then clamp the bolt shank to ensure that the bolt shank end forms a tensile force on the vehicle panel. S3, vehicle panel fixing; Step S3 includes the following specific steps: S31. Adsorb and fix the car panel on one side of the bolt head end to counteract the tension formed on the car panel by the clamping bolt rod end, keep the car panel stable, and manually cancel the action of pressing the bolt head. S4, Bolt welding; Step S4 includes the following specific steps: S41. Control welding unit 4 to adjust the angle and align the bolt head with the welding point of the vehicle body to complete the bolt assembly and fixation.

[0039] Working principle of the invention: After the workpiece is placed, the bolts are inserted into the mounting holes. After the operator adjusts the angle of the adjustment box 23 to align with the bolts, the controller controls the electromagnet 210 to change its polarity and push the moving block 24 to move. This causes the triangular block 25 to move together in the moving groove toward the opening end of the adjustment box 23. At this time, the roller 26 contacts the triangular block 25 and, under the action of the hypotenuse of the triangular block 25, pushes the roller 26 away from each other. When the roller 26 moves away from each other, it causes the clamping block 29 to rotate around the mounting post 28. This causes the clamping wheels 27 at both ends to move closer to each other. At the same time, the clamping wheel 27 at the end of the moving block 24 also gradually moves closer to the bolt rod, thereby achieving the clamping of bolt rods of different diameters.

[0040] After the bolt rod is clamped, the worker will stretch and compress the telescopic tube 33 to bring the vacuum suction cup 34 into contact with the vehicle panel. At this time, the controller will start the vacuum pump 31 to expel the gas inside the vacuum suction cup 34, thereby adsorbing and fixing the vehicle panel, so that the bolt head is in contact with the vehicle panel. The worker will then manually release the pressure on the bolt head to avoid gaps caused by unstable pressure on the bolt head during manual welding, which would affect the welding quality.

[0041] At this time, the controller controls the motor 41 to drive the telescopic rod 42 to extend until the welding torch 413 is above the vehicle panel. At this time, the position of the bolt head is detected by the vision sensor 414 and fed back to the controller. The operator continues to press the control button of the controller, so that the controller continuously outputs current to the memory metal spring 48. When the bolt is to the lower left of the welding torch 413, the operator passes current to the right memory metal spring 48, causing it to heat up and expand, thereby pushing the rotating block 47 to rotate to the left around the rotating rod 46. This causes the connecting rod 45 to rotate to the left in the arc groove of the mounting box 44. Under the action of the connecting rod 45, the rotating box 410 rotates to the left synchronously. When the vision sensor 414 detects that the bolt is in the center of the vision sensor 414, a signal is transmitted to the controller to issue an alarm sound to prompt the operator to cancel pressing the control button. At the same time, the controller automatically maintains the output current value, so that the memory metal spring 48 maintains the current extension and retraction state. At this time, the controller controls the hydraulic telescopic rod 411 to extend and drive the welding torch 413 to the welding point between the bolt and the vehicle panel for precise welding. This completes the assembly and fixing of the bolt, achieves precise welding of the bolt, and improves the welding quality.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for replacing pre-embedded bolts in assembly and fixing, characterized in that: The assembly includes a mounting frame (1), a clamping unit (2), a fixing unit (3), and a welding unit (4). The mounting frame (1) is placed on a horizontal foundation. The clamping unit (2) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame (1) near the horizontal foundation. The clamping unit (2) has the function of clamping bolt rods. The fixing unit (3) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame (1) near the horizontal foundation. The fixing unit (3) is used to adsorb and fix the car body to be welded. The welding unit (4) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame (1) away from the horizontal foundation. The welding unit (4) has the function of angle adjustment. The welding unit (4) includes a motor (41), a telescopic rod (42), a round rod (43), a mounting box (44), a connecting rod (45), a rotating rod (46), a rotating block (47), a memory metal spring (48), a protruding plate (49), a rotating box (410), a hydraulic telescopic rod (411), a fixing block (412), a welding torch (413), and a vision sensor (414). The motor (41) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the mounting frame (1) perpendicular to the horizontal foundation. One end of the telescopic rod (42) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. The other end of the retractable rod (42) is vertically fixedly connected to one end of the fixed round rod (43). A rectangular groove is provided on the inner surface of the end of the mounting bracket (1) away from the horizontal foundation. The round rod (43) is slidably connected to the rectangular groove. The other end of the round rod (43) passes through the rectangular groove and is fixedly connected to the mounting box (44). An arc-shaped groove is provided on one end of the mounting box (44). One end of the connecting rod (45) extends into the interior of the mounting box (44) and is fixedly connected to the rotating box (410). The other end of the connecting rod (45) extends out of the exterior of the mounting box (44) and is fixedly connected to the rotating block (47). One end of the rotating rod (46) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting box (44), and the other end of the rotating rod (46) is rotatably connected to the rotating block (47). One end of the memory metal spring (48) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating block (47) near the horizontal foundation, and the other end of the memory metal spring (48) is fixedly connected to the surface of the convex plate (49) away from the horizontal foundation. Memory metal springs (48) are provided on both the left and right sides. When current is passed through one side of the memory metal spring (48), it can be heated and expanded. The convex plate (49) is perpendicular to the horizontal foundation. The end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (411) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting box (44). The fixed end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (411) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the rotating box (410) away from the horizontal foundation. The extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (411) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed block (412) away from the horizontal foundation. The surface of the fixed block (412) near the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the vision sensor (414). The surface of the fixed block (412) near the horizontal foundation is fixedly connected to the welding gun (413). The fixed block (412) is slidably connected to the mounting box (44).

2. The assembly and fixing device for replacing pre-embedded bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping unit (2) includes a mounting plate (21), a mounting rod (22), an adjusting box (23), a moving block (24), a triangular block (25), a roller (26), a clamping wheel (27), a mounting column (28), a clamping block (29), and an electromagnet (210). The mounting plate (21) is vertically fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the mounting frame (1) near the horizontal foundation. The two ends of the mounting rod (22) are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the mounting plate away from the horizontal foundation. The closed end of the adjusting box (23) is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the mounting rod (22). The adjusting box (23) has a moving groove inside. The moving block (24) is slidably mounted in the moving groove of the adjusting box (23). The triangular block... (25) Symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer surface of the middle part of the moving block (24), the two ends of the mounting column (28) are vertically fixedly installed on the inner surface of the two wide sides of the regulating box (23), the clamping block (29) is rotatably installed on the outer surface of the mounting column (28), the clamping block (29) is rotatably installed with a clamping wheel (27) at the end away from the triangular block (25), the moving block (24) is rotatably installed with a clamping wheel (27) at the end away from the mounting plate (21), the clamping block (29) is rotatably installed with a roller (26) at the end close to the triangular block (25), the electromagnet (210) is fixedly installed at the end of the moving slot close to the closed end of the regulating box (23), and the electromagnet (210) is electrically connected to the external controller.

3. The assembly and fixing device for replacing pre-embedded bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing unit (3) includes a vacuum pump (31), a vertical plate (32), a telescopic tube (33), and a vacuum suction cup (34). The vacuum pump (31) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame (1) near the horizontal foundation. The vertical plate (32) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the mounting frame (1) near the horizontal foundation. One end of the telescopic tube (33) is vertically fixedly installed on the surface of the vertical plate (32) near the clamping unit (2). The other end of the telescopic tube (33) is fixedly connected to the vacuum suction cup (34). The vacuum pump (31) is connected to the telescopic tube (33) through a pipe. The vacuum pump (31) is electrically connected to an external controller.

4. The assembly and fixing device for replacing pre-embedded bolts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A magnet is fixedly installed at the end of the movable block (24).

5. The assembly and fixing device for replacing pre-embedded bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (1) has a groove on the inner surface of the end near the horizontal foundation.

6. The assembly and fixing device for replacing pre-embedded bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (41) is electrically connected to the external controller, the memory metal spring (48) is electrically connected to the external controller, the hydraulic telescopic rod (411) is electrically connected to the external controller, the welding torch (413) is electrically connected to the external controller, and the vision sensor (414) is electrically connected to the external controller.

7. A method for replacing pre-embedded bolts in assembly and fixing, characterized in that: The assembly and fixing device according to claim 1, which replaces the pre-embedded bolt type, includes the following steps: S1, Placement on the vehicle platform; Step S1 includes the following specific steps: S11. Place the car body to be processed at the processing area; S2, bolt clamping; Step S2 includes the following specific steps: S21. Insert the bolt into the mounting hole of the vehicle panel, manually press the bolt head to fit tightly against the vehicle panel, and then clamp the bolt shank to ensure that the bolt shank end forms a tensile force on the vehicle panel. S3, vehicle panel fixing; Step S3 includes the following specific steps: S31. Adsorb and fix the car panel on one side of the bolt head end to counteract the tension formed on the car panel by the clamping bolt rod end, keep the car panel stable, and manually cancel the action of pressing the bolt head. S4, Bolt welding; Step S4 includes the following specific steps: S41. Control welding unit (4) adjusts the angle to align the bolt head with the welding point of the vehicle plate and weld to complete the bolt assembly and fixation.

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