Briogan structure preform with directional arrangement of sicw and aluminum matrix composite based on it, and its preparation method and application

Abstract

SiCw directional arrangement of briogan structure preform and aluminum matrix composite material based on it and preparation method and application thereof. The invention belongs to the field of aluminum matrix composite material. The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem of strength and toughness inversion of the existing aluminum matrix composite material based on the reinforcing body. The preparation of the preform: first, the SiC w is pretreated with hydrofluoric acid, then dried and ball milled; then the SiC w , sodium alginate aqueous solution and pluronic aqueous solution are mixed, then ball milled and defoamed to obtain a slurry; then a briogan structure three-dimensional model is established, and 3D printing is carried out layer by layer according to the three-dimensional model, and the green body is obtained by layer-by-layer solidification, drying and sintering of the green body to obtain the SiCw directional arrangement of briogan structure preform. The preparation of the aluminum matrix composite material: pressure infiltration is carried out by three-stage pressurization, and then solid solution and aging treatment are carried out. The method of the invention is used for forming the whisker directional arrangement of the metal matrix composite material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aluminum-based composite materials, specifically relating to a preform of a Briganese structure with SiCw oriented arrangement, an aluminum-based composite material based thereon, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum-based composites possess advantages such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, and stable mechanical properties, leading to their widespread application in aerospace, transportation, and defense industries. Past research has yielded significant progress in aluminum-based composites, particularly in composition optimization, structural design, and mechanical property control. However, advancements remain in SiC... w SiC f SiC p Al2O3, C f In traditional aluminum matrix composites with other materials as reinforcements, the synergistic improvement of strength and toughness is a key problem that is difficult to solve.

[0003] Structural materials evolved through biological processes possess ingenious structural and interfacial features, often balancing strength and toughness, providing valuable insights for strengthening and toughening composite materials. The Brigan structure, derived from the helical structure of mollusks and mantis shrimp exoskeletons, consists of helically stacked, unidirectionally arranged fibers. Its strength, toughness, and effective contact area can be improved through crack torsion and modulus gradient transformation, and it is now beginning to be applied in structural material fabrication. Currently, Brigan structure composites are typically discontinuous or have small interlayer angles, and traditional fabrication processes cannot achieve layer-by-layer directional arrangement of SiCw, leading to a problem of inverted strength and toughness in the mechanical properties of aluminum-based composites. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a preform of a Brigan structure with SiCw oriented arrangement, an aluminum-based composite material based thereon, its preparation method, and its application.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] One objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a Briganese structure preform with SiCw oriented arrangement, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: SiC treated with hydrofluoric acid w Pre-treatment is performed, followed by drying and ball milling;

[0008] S2: SiC w Sodium alginate aqueous solution and Pronico aqueous solution were mixed, followed by ball milling and defoaming to obtain a slurry.

[0009] S3: Establish a three-dimensional model of the Brigan structure, perform 3D printing layer by layer based on the three-dimensional model, solidify layer by layer to obtain a blank, dry and sinter the blank to obtain a Brigan structure preform with SiCw oriented arrangement.

[0010] Further specifying, hydrofluoric acid and SiC in S1 w The mass ratio is 1:(0.8-1.2).

[0011] Further specifying, the ball milling in S1 is to a length-to-diameter ratio of 8-12.

[0012] Further limiting the SiC content in the slurry of S2 w The content is 8-15 vol.%.

[0013] Further specified, the concentration of sodium alginate aqueous solution in S2 is 5-15 wt%, and the concentration of Prönkel aqueous solution is 10-20 wt%. The volume ratio of sodium alginate aqueous solution to Prönkel aqueous solution is (0.6-1):1.

[0014] Further specified, the slurry in S2 is within 1.25s -1 The viscosity at the shear rate is 400-700 Pa·s.

[0015] Further specified, in S3, the angle between each layer of the Brigan structure is 15-60°, the line width is 200-1000μm, the line spacing is 200-900μm, and the layer height is 80-800μm.

[0016] Further restrictions are placed on the printing speed in S3, which is 3-20 mm / s, and the printing pressure is 0.5-4 bar.

[0017] Further specifying, S3 is cured by irradiation.

[0018] Further specified, sintering in S3 is carried out in an oxygen environment, with a sintering temperature of 800-1200℃ and a sintering time of 2-8h.

[0019] The second objective of this invention is to provide a preform of a Briganese structure with SiCw oriented arrangement prepared by the above method, wherein the preform has a porosity of 65-80%.

[0020] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned method in the molding of whisker-type reinforcing preforms.

[0021] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide an aluminum-based composite material for a Briganese structure preform with SiCw oriented arrangement, prepared by the above method.

[0022] The fifth objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing an aluminum-based composite material based on a Briganese structure preform with SiCw oriented arrangement, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] After the preform is preheated, it is pressure impregnated in molten aluminum through three-stage pressurization, and then subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain aluminum-based composite material.

[0024] Further specify the temperature range: preheat to 600-700℃ and hold for 60-90 minutes.

[0025] Further defined, the three-stage pressurization process is as follows: maintain pressure at 2-3 MPa for 20-40 seconds, increase the pressure to 160-200 MPa and maintain it for 30-90 seconds, continue to increase the pressure to 200-230 MPa and maintain it for 7-12 minutes.

[0026] Further specify the solution treatment process: hold at 500-550℃ for 90-120 minutes, followed by water quenching.

[0027] Further specify the aging process: keep warm at 150-180℃ for 10-12 hours.

[0028] The sixth objective of this invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned method in metal matrix composites with oriented whisker arrangement.

[0029] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0030] (1) This invention provides a technique for constructing objects using slurry layer-by-layer deposition. After printing, a three-dimensional prefabricated structure with a certain strength can be obtained. It features simple operation, fast forming speed, and the ability to be printed in air at room temperature. Moreover, complex-shaped structural materials can be printed by designing the slurry composition and 3D modeling configuration. In addition, since the slurry is subjected to shear force when extruded through the needle, the reinforcement in the slurry can be arranged along the shear force direction. The directional arrangement of whiskers effectively improves the mechanical properties of the material along a specific direction. Furthermore, a shaped aluminum-based composite material can be prepared through an impregnation process, solving the problem that the strength and toughness of aluminum-based composite materials are difficult to improve simultaneously.

[0031] (2) The preform obtained by this invention has two sizes of pores, which is beneficial for subsequent infiltration preparation of composite materials. Based on this, by controlling the infiltration process, the aluminum liquid is first infiltrated into the large-sized pores in the preform, and then the pressure is rapidly increased to infiltrate the aluminum liquid into the small-sized pores in the preform under pressure. This ensures that the SiCw preform structure remains intact during the infiltration process, and at the same time significantly improves the strength of the composite material while ensuring excellent plasticity and toughness.

[0032] (3) The method of the present invention is efficient and convenient, and effectively solves the inherent defects of the preparation method of aluminum matrix composite material reinforced by whisker type reinforcement. It can be widely used in the field of 3D printing to prepare whisker reinforced composite materials. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 The rheological property curve of the slurry obtained in step (2) of Example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 The image is a 3D model of the Brigan structure in step (3) of Example 1;

[0035] Figure 3 The image shows the prefabricated body obtained in step (3) of Example 1; where (a) is the front view and (b) is the top view.

[0036] Figure 4 Images showing the microstructure of different SiCw layers in the preform obtained in step (3) of Example 1; (a) and (b) represent different layers, respectively.

[0037] Figure 5 Here is a photograph of the aluminum-based composite material obtained in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 6 Images showing the microstructure of the aluminum-based composite material obtained in Example 1; (a) - longitudinal section, (b) - cross section;

[0039] Figure 7 Images showing the microstructure of the SiCw arrangement in the aluminum-based composite material obtained in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 8 The compression performance curve of the aluminum-based composite material obtained in Example 1 is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0041] This invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum-based composite material based on a Briganese structure preform with SiCw oriented arrangement, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0042] (1) SiC w Wash the whiskers with distilled water and allow them to settle for one day. Pour off the top layer of distilled water and add hydrofluoric acid at a mass ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2). Stir and allow to settle for one day. After the whiskers have settled, discard the top layer of hydrofluoric acid. Repeat the water washing and acid washing cycle until the pH value is 6-7 after testing with pH paper. Then, place the whiskers in an oven and dry them at 150-200℃ for 36-48 hours. Next, place the whiskers in a ball mill jar and ball mill them at a ball-to-material ratio of 4-6 and a milling speed of 80-200 rpm for 30-60 minutes, until the aspect ratio of the whiskers is 8-12. At this point, the SiC... w Preprocessing complete.

[0043] (2) First, dissolve sodium alginate powder and Prönnick powder separately in deionized water to prepare 5-15 wt% sodium alginate mother liquor and 10-20 wt% Prönnick mother liquor respectively; then, treat the SiC treated in step (1) with... w Sodium alginate mother liquor and Prönnicke mother liquor were mixed to obtain SiC. w An initial slurry with a volume fraction of 8-15 vol.% was prepared, wherein the volume ratio of sodium alginate aqueous solution to Prönkel aqueous solution was (0.6-1):1; then, it was ball-milled at a ball-to-material ratio of 3-6 and a ball-milling speed of 200-350 rpm for 2-12 hours to obtain a slurry that could be processed in 1.25 seconds. -1 The slurry had a viscosity of 400-700 Pa·s at the shear rate; finally, it was evacuated to a vacuum level below 10 using a vacuum pump. -4 Continue for 5-10 minutes to remove air bubbles from the slurry and obtain the slurry.

[0044] (3) Using MaterialiseMagics 24.0 software for 3D modeling, a three-dimensional model of the Brigan structure was established. The angle between each layer of the Brigan structure was designed to be 15-60°, the line width to be 200-1000μm, the line spacing to be 200-900μm, and the layer height to be 80-800μm. Subsequently, Cura software was used for slicing, and 3D printing was performed layer by layer based on the slice data. The printing speed was 3-20mm / s, and the printing pressure was 0.5-4bar. Due to the shearing force on the slurry at the tip of the needle under air pressure, SiC... w It can achieve roughly parallel printing direction arrangement. During the printing process, each layer is irradiated with a baking lamp for 30-60 seconds to cure, and a blank is obtained. Then, the printed blank is placed in an oven at 120℃ for 12 hours to dry. Subsequently, the blank is placed in a tube furnace with 99.9% pure oxygen and a gas flow rate of 3-6 L / min for sintering. The sintering temperature is 800-1200℃ and the sintering time is 2-8 hours to obtain a Briganese structure preform with SiCw arranged layer by layer in a directional manner and a porosity of 65-80%.

[0045] (4) Place the preform obtained in step (3) into the sleeve, and then heat it to 600-700℃ in a heating furnace and hold it for 60-90 minutes. At the same time, heat the 2024 aluminum alloy to 800-900℃ to melt it and hold it for 30 minutes to obtain molten aluminum. Pour the molten aluminum into the mold, cover it with the pressure head, and apply three levels of pressure through a hydraulic press. Maintain the pressure at 2-3 MPa for the first 20-40 seconds to push the molten aluminum to fill the large holes. The large holes are the stacked shapes of the various layers of the Brigan structure. Macroscopic pores with a diameter of 0.1-1 mm and a porosity of 60-70% are formed. The pressure is maintained at 160-200 MPa for 30-90 seconds to allow the molten aluminum to fully penetrate into the micropores within the preform. These micropores are the spaces between whiskers, with a diameter of 1.8-3.2 μm and a porosity of 5-10%. The pressure is then increased to 200-230 MPa and maintained for 7-12 minutes, causing the molten aluminum to solidify under high pressure. The mold is then removed, yielding SiC. w Arranged layer by layer, the aluminum-based composite material with a Brigan structure.

[0046] (5) The aluminum-based composite material obtained by impregnation is solution treated in a muffle furnace at 500-550℃ for 90-120 min, followed by water quenching; the solution-treated composite material is then aged at 150-180℃ for 10-12 h to obtain an aluminum-based composite material based on the oriented arrangement of SiCw Brigan structure preform.

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, methods, and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods, and instruments in the art, and can be obtained commercially by those skilled in the art.

[0049] Example 1: The preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite material based on the SiCw oriented arrangement Briganese structure preform in this example is carried out according to the following steps:

[0050] (1) SiC w Wash the whiskers with distilled water and allow them to settle for one day. Pour off the top layer of distilled water and add hydrofluoric acid at a mass ratio of 1:1. Stir and allow to settle for another day. After the whiskers have settled, discard the top layer of hydrofluoric acid. Repeat the water washing and acid washing cycle until the pH value is 6 after testing with pH paper. Then, place the whiskers in an oven and dry them at 150℃ for 36 hours. Next, place the whiskers in a ball mill jar and ball mill them at a ball-to-material ratio of 4 and a milling speed of 100 rpm for 30 minutes to achieve an aspect ratio of 8 for the whiskers. At this point, the SiC... w Preprocessing complete.

[0051] (2) First, dissolve sodium alginate powder and Prönnick powder separately in deionized water to prepare 10 wt% sodium alginate mother liquor and 20 wt% Prönnick mother liquor, respectively; then, treat the SiC treated in step (1) with... w Sodium alginate mother liquor and Prönnicke mother liquor were mixed to obtain SiC. w An initial slurry with a volume fraction of 10 vol.% was prepared, with a volume ratio of sodium alginate mother liquor to Prönkel mother liquor of 1:1. Then, the slurry was ball-milled for 12 hours at a ball-to-material ratio of 4 and a ball-milling speed of 350 rpm, yielding a product that yielded a product that could be processed in 1.25 seconds. -1 The slurry had a viscosity of 480 Pa·s at the shear rate; finally, it was evacuated to a vacuum level below 10 using a vacuum pump. -4 Continue for 10 minutes to remove air bubbles from the slurry and obtain the slurry. Figure 1 The rheological property curves of the obtained slurry show that as the shear rate increases, the slurry exhibits strong shear thinning behavior. Moreover, when the stress is low, the slurry is semi-solid, indicating that the slurry has a certain fluidity during extrusion and has a high modulus after extrusion, which can maintain the original morphology of the extruded slurry.

[0052] (3) MaterialiseMagics 24.0 software was used for 3D modeling to establish a three-dimensional model of the Brigan structure. The Brigan structure was designed with a 30° rotation angle between each layer, a line width of 400μm, a line spacing of 500μm, and a layer height of 650μm. Subsequently, Cura software was used for slicing, and 3D printing was performed layer by layer based on the slice data. The printing speed was 20mm / s, and the printing pressure was 1bar. Due to the shearing force exerted on the slurry at the needle tip under air pressure, SiC... w It can achieve roughly parallel printing direction arrangement. During the printing process, each layer is irradiated with a baking lamp for 30 seconds to cure, and a blank is obtained. Then, the printed blank is placed in an oven at 120℃ for 12 hours to dry. Subsequently, the blank is placed in a tube furnace with 99.9% pure oxygen and a gas flow rate of 6L / min for sintering. The sintering temperature is 1200℃ and the sintering time is 3 hours, resulting in a Briganese structure preform with SiCw arranged layer by layer in a directional manner and a porosity of 75%. Figure 2 This is a 3D model of the Brigan structure, which is a biomimetic simulation of the mantis shrimp's Brigan structure. The design features a 30° angle between the layers. Figure 3 The morphology of the obtained preform. From Figure 3 The results show that the Brigan structure with corners between layers was successfully printed. Figure 4 Different layers of SiC in the obtained preform w The microstructure of SiC arrangement is shown in the figure. From the figure, it can be seen that SiC exists in different layers of different Briganese structures. wThe whiskers are arranged in different directions and parallel to the printing direction of this layer. This is because the internal shear force of the non-Newtonian fluid during extrusion causes the whiskers to arrange parallel to the extrusion direction, thus obtaining SiC. w A Brigaan structure arranged in layers.

[0053] (4) Place the preform obtained in step (3) into the sleeve, and then heat it to 700℃ in a furnace and hold it for 60 minutes. At the same time, heat the 2024 aluminum alloy to 900℃ to melt it and hold it for 30 minutes to obtain molten aluminum. Pour the molten aluminum into the mold, cover it with the pressure head, and apply three levels of pressure through a hydraulic press. For the first 20 seconds, maintain the pressure at 3MPa to push the molten aluminum to fill the large holes. The large holes are macroscopic pores formed by the stacking of each layer of the Brigan structure, with a pore diameter of 0.1-1mm and a porosity of 70%. For 20-80 seconds, maintain the pressure at 180MPa to allow the molten aluminum to fully penetrate into the small holes of the preform. The small holes are pores between whiskers, with a pore diameter of 1.8-3.2μm and a porosity of 5%. Then increase the pressure to 200MPa and continue to hold it for 7 minutes to solidify the molten aluminum through high pressure. Remove the mold to obtain SiC. w Arranged layer by layer, the aluminum-based composite material with a Brigan structure.

[0054] (5) The aluminum-based composite material obtained by impregnation was solution treated at 550°C for 90 min in a muffle furnace, followed by water quenching; the solution-treated composite material was then aged at 150°C for 12 h to obtain an aluminum-based composite material based on the oriented arrangement of SiCw Brigan structure preforms.

[0055] Figure 5 and Figure 6 SiC obtained after impregnation of the preform w Images of layered Burigan structure aluminum matrix composite materials and SiC w The microstructure of layer-by-layer Burigan structure aluminum matrix composite material, among which Figure 6 (a) and (b) show the longitudinal and cross-sectional sections of the composite material, respectively. The figures show that the aluminum-based composite material obtained after infiltration has a similar morphology to the preform, with no macroscopic cracks on the surface. The infiltrated aluminum liquid is well distributed in SiC. w In the layers, forming Figure 6 It has a cylindrical filling structure with no obvious pores and good microscopic properties.

[0056] Figure 7 SiC in aluminum-based composite materials w By examining the microstructure, it can be seen that the whiskers in the composite material have a clear orientation, preserving the layer-by-layer arrangement characteristics of the whiskers in the preform.

[0057] Figure 8 SiC wThe compressive properties of layer-by-layer Burigan structure aluminum matrix composites were investigated. The results showed that the composite material had a compressive strength of 557.3 MPa and a compressive fracture strain of 6.4%, indicating good compressive performance.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. These specific embodiments are different implementations based on the overall concept of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A SiC w The method for preparing directionally arranged Brigante prefabricated structures is characterized by, The method described: S1: SiC treated with hydrofluoric acid w Pre-treatment is performed, followed by drying and ball milling; S2: SiC w Sodium alginate aqueous solution and Pronico aqueous solution were mixed, followed by ball milling and defoaming to obtain a slurry. S3: Establish a 3D model of the Brigan structure, perform 3D printing layer by layer based on the 3D model, solidify layer by layer to obtain a green body, and then dry and sinter the green body to obtain SiC. w Oriented prefabricated Brigante structures; In S2, the slurry is processed at 1.25s. -1 The viscosity at the shear rate is 400-700 Pa·s; In S3, the angle between each layer of the Brigan structure is 15-60°, the line width is 200-1000μm, the line spacing is 200-900μm, the layer height is 80-800μm, and the printing pressure is 0.5-4bar. The porosity of the preform in S3 is 65-80%; SiC in S3 w Oriented Brigante prefabricated structures are used to prepare aluminum-based composite materials.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Hydrofluoric acid and SiC in S1 w The mass ratio is 1:(0.8-1.2), and the ball milling process results in an aspect ratio of 8-12.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, SiC in S2 slurry w The content is 8-15 vol.%, the concentration of sodium alginate aqueous solution is 5-15 wt%, the concentration of Prönkel aqueous solution is 10-20 wt%, and the volume ratio of sodium alginate aqueous solution to Prönkel aqueous solution is (0.6-1):

1.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The printing speed in S3 is 3-20 mm / s. It is cured by irradiation and sintered in an oxygen environment at a temperature of 800-1200℃ for 2-8 hours.

5. SiC prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-4 w The directionally arranged prefabricated Brigante structure is characterized by, The porosity of the preform is 65-75%.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4 in molding SiC w Application in directionally arranged Brigante prefabricated structures.

7. SiC prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1-4 w Aluminum-based composite material for directionally arranged Brigante prefabricated structures.

8. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method steps are as follows: After preheating the preform obtained by the method described in any one of claims 1-4, it is pressure impregnated in molten aluminum through three-stage pressure treatment, and then subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain an aluminum-based composite material.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Preheat to 600-700℃ and hold for 60-90 minutes. Three-stage pressurization process: hold at 2-3MPa for 20-40 seconds, increase the pressure to 160-200MPa and hold for 30-90 seconds, continue to increase the pressure to 200-230MPa and hold for 7-12 minutes. Solution treatment process: hold at 500-550℃ for 90-120 minutes, followed by water quenching. Aging treatment process: hold at 150-180℃ for 10-12 hours.

10. The method of claim 8 or 9 in molding SiC w Application of aluminum-based composite materials in oriented Brigante prefabricated structures.

Images