In-situ co elimination system for blast hole, recovery and co elimination method

Abstract

A blasting hole in-situ CO elimination system, recovery and CO elimination method, the system: the CO elimination mechanism includes first, second and third charging cylinder, and is filled with CO elimination agent particles; the movable fixing mechanism includes movable cylinder, support frame and fixing assembly; the movable cylinder is sleeved outside the CO elimination mechanism; the support frame includes first support plate, second support plate and support rod; a plurality of support rods are uniformly distributed outside the movable cylinder and are respectively connected with the first and second support plates; the fixing assembly includes hinged block, fixing pin and limiting baffle; a plurality of hinged blocks, a plurality of fixing pins, a plurality of limiting baffles and a plurality of support rods are correspondingly arranged; the pressure relief mechanism includes connecting cover, first elastic assembly, front end plate, second elastic assembly, rear end plate and third elastic assembly; the method: CO elimination device surface treatment; blasting operation site hole filling; blasting CO in-situ elimination operation; CO elimination device recovery. The system and method have ideal CO elimination effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of toxic gas purification technology, specifically relating to an in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes, and a method for CO recovery and removal. Background Technology

[0002] Blasting is one of the main methods of tunneling and development. During the explosion, explosives produce a certain amount of toxic gases, which seriously affect the health of workers. Since emulsion explosives and similar materials are negative oxygen balance explosives, factors such as large explosive charges and unreasonable charge structures can easily lead to insufficient oxygen in the borehole, resulting in the production of large amounts of toxic CO gas. High CO concentrations can easily cause poisoning of workers, and even lead to injury or death. Water-based mud combined with local ventilation is a commonly used CO control measure in blasting operations. During blasting, the water-based mud vaporizes into fine droplets, which can contact and collide with dust, thus wetting and agglomerating the dust and achieving a good dust reduction effect. However, its effect on eliminating CO is negligible. Therefore, currently, a large amount of CO in blasting operations is still diluted through prolonged ventilation. This method significantly impacts the working environment, and the ventilation duct outlet is easily blocked by debris after blasting, resulting in poor ventilation and a very slow CO dilution effect. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a CO removal technology that can eliminate CO at its source, so as to effectively ensure the life, health and safety of workers and at the same time, effectively reduce the degree of CO pollution to the environment caused by blasting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes, along with a method for CO recovery and removal. This system achieves ideal CO removal results and high efficiency. Furthermore, it possesses strong impact resistance, self-protection capabilities, and can be reused multiple times. It eliminates toxic and harmful CO gases generated during tunneling and blasting operations at the source, improving operational efficiency and ensuring the health and safety of workers. The method is simple to implement and highly efficient, simultaneously achieving anti-blowout, CO removal, and appropriate pressure relief, significantly enhancing both CO removal and blasting rock-breaking effects.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an in-situ CO elimination system for blasting boreholes, including a CO elimination device; the CO elimination device includes a CO elimination mechanism, a movable fixing mechanism, and a pressure relief mechanism. The CO elimination mechanism includes a first loading cylinder, a second loading cylinder, and a third loading cylinder. The first loading cylinder is a double-layered closed structure cylinder with an annular receiving cavity. Several through holes (I) are distributed throughout its cylinder body, and the annular receiving cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles A. The second loading cylinder is also a double-layered closed structure cylinder with an annular receiving cavity. Several through holes (II) are distributed throughout its cylinder body, and the annular receiving cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles B. The diameter of the through holes (II) is larger than that of the through holes (I), and the particle size of the CO eliminator particles B is larger than that of the CO eliminator particles A. The second loading cylinder is evenly distributed circumferentially... Several connecting brackets of the cloth are coaxially fixedly connected to the inside of the first loading cylinder, forming an outer annular ventilation area between the cloth and the first loading cylinder; the third loading cylinder is a closed cylinder with a cylindrical receiving cavity, and several through holes are opened all over its cylinder body. Its cylindrical receiving cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles C. The diameter of the through holes is larger than that of the through holes, and the particle size of the CO eliminator particles C is larger than that of the CO eliminator particles B; the third loading cylinder is coaxially fixedly connected to the inside of the second loading cylinder by several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets, forming an inner annular ventilation area between the third loading cylinder and the second loading cylinder. The movable fixing mechanism includes a movable cylinder, a support frame, and fixing components; The movable cylinder includes a main cylinder, a fixed end cap, and a movable end cap; the main cylinder has several through holes I distributed throughout its body, and the size of the main cylinder is adapted to the size of the CO elimination mechanism, and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the CO elimination mechanism; the fixed end cap is fixedly connected to the left opening end of the main cylinder, and has several through holes II distributed throughout its surface; the movable end cap is detachably fitted onto the right opening end of the main cylinder, and has several through holes III distributed throughout its surface; The support frame includes a first support plate, a second support plate, and a support rod. The first support plate has a circular outer contour, and its outer diameter is larger than that of the movable cylinder. The first support plate is coaxially disposed on the left side of the movable cylinder, with a circular hole I at its center and multiple mounting holes I evenly distributed around its edge. Several through holes IV are formed in the area between the circular hole I and the multiple mounting holes I. A connecting threaded sleeve is coaxially fixed to the right side of the first support plate at one of the circular holes. The second support plate has a circular outer contour, and its outer diameter is larger than that of the first support plate. The plates have the same outer diameter, and a second circular hole is opened at the center corresponding to the movable cylinder. Multiple mounting holes are opened at the edge corresponding to multiple mounting holes one. The second support plate is slidably fitted onto the outside of the movable cylinder through the second circular hole. The number of support rods is the same as the number of mounting holes one and multiple mounting holes two. Multiple support rods are evenly distributed around the outside of the movable cylinder, and the left end of each support rod is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole one, and the right end is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole two. Multiple through holes are evenly opened along the length of each support rod. The fixing assembly includes hinge blocks, fixing pins, and limiting baffles; multiple sets of hinge blocks, fixing pins, limiting baffles, and support rods are arranged correspondingly; wherein, multiple hinge blocks in each set are uniformly fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main cylinder along the axial direction, and multiple hinge blocks correspond one-to-one with multiple through holes on the corresponding support rods; multiple fixing pins in each set are slidably inserted into multiple through holes on the corresponding support rods, and the inner ends of the multiple fixing pins are movably connected to the corresponding multiple hinge blocks, and the outer ends of the multiple fixing pins are all conical structures; multiple limiting baffles in each set are fixedly connected to the corresponding support rods, and the multiple limiting baffles are located on the right side of the multiple through holes; The pressure relief mechanism includes a connecting cover, a first elastic component, a front end plate, a second elastic component, a rear end plate, and a third elastic component; The outer contour of the connecting cover is circular, located inside the multiple support rods, and coaxially arranged between the first support plate and the movable cylinder; a circular hole three is opened in the center of the connecting cover, and several through holes five are opened in the area outside the circular hole three; a connecting stud is coaxially fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting cover at the circular hole three, and the connecting stud is inserted into the connecting screw sleeve through thread engagement. Multiple first elastic components are evenly distributed circumferentially between the connecting cover and the movable cylinder, with their left ends connected to the connecting cover and their right ends connected to the fixed end cover. The outer contour of the front end plate is circular, and a number of through holes are evenly provided on it, and are coaxially arranged on the left side of the first support plate. Multiple second elastic components are evenly distributed circumferentially between the front end plate and the first support plate, with their left ends connected to the front end plate and their right ends connected to the first support plate. The outer contour of the rear end plate is circular, and several through holes are provided on it, and it is coaxially arranged on the right side of the movable end cover. Multiple third elastic components are evenly distributed circumferentially between the movable end cap and the rear end plate, with their left ends connected to the movable end cap and their right ends connected to the rear end plate. When the first, second, and third elastic components are in their normal state, multiple fixing pins in each group of fixing pins are tilted to the left at their outer ends.

[0005] Furthermore, to facilitate the simultaneous assembly of explosives and CO elimination devices and improve operational efficiency, a filling device is also included. The filling device comprises a sleeve, a pushing structure, and a pushing groove. The pushing structure is axially slidably assembled in the sleeve and includes a front pushing plate, a rear pushing plate, a central connecting rod, an edge connecting rod, a push-pull rod, and a handle. The outer diameters of the front and rear pushing plates are adapted to the inner diameter of the sleeve and are spaced apart inside the sleeve. Simultaneously, a pair of wire-passing grooves are formed opposite each other at the bottom of the front and rear pushing plates. The central connecting rod is located at the front pushing... The push rod is located at the center of the axis between the central push plate and the rear push plate, with its two ends fixedly connected to the front push plate and the rear push plate, respectively. Multiple edge connecting rods are evenly distributed around the central connecting rod, with their two ends fixedly connected to the front push plate and the rear push plate, respectively. The front end of the push rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the rear end face of the rear push plate. The push groove has a semi-circular cross-section, and the size of its internal channel matches the outer diameter of the CO elimination device. Its rear end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end of the sleeve, and its internal channel smoothly communicates with the bottom of the inner cavity of the sleeve. The CO elimination device is axially slidably assembled in the push groove. By connecting the two ends of the central connecting rod to the central areas of the front and rear push plates, and then using multiple evenly distributed circumferential edge connecting rods to connect the front and rear push plates, it is easy to firmly connect the front and rear push plates into a whole. Simultaneously, it also ensures more even force distribution on the front push plate during the push-pull process. A pair of wire-passing slots are provided at the bottom of the front and rear push plates to facilitate the smooth passage of the detonating cord through the loading device, thus enabling subsequent detonation operations. Therefore, the loading device allows for the integrated loading of explosives, CO removal devices, and blockages, reducing construction inconveniences caused by protruding rocks in the borehole, significantly simplifying the loading process and improving work efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, in order to effectively ensure CO elimination while reducing airflow resistance, the aperture of the first through-hole is greater than 0 and less than 0.05 mm, the aperture of the second through-hole is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than 0.3 mm, and the aperture of the third through-hole is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than 0.7 mm; the diameter of the CO eliminator particle A is 0.05-0.1 mm, the particle size of the CO eliminator particle B is 0.3-0.6 mm, and the particle size of the CO eliminator particle C is 0.7-1 mm.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, a left limiting ring is fixedly connected to the right end of the second support plate outside the second circular hole; a right limiting ring is fixedly connected to the left end of the movable end cover at the position corresponding to the left limiting ring, and the right limiting ring and the left limiting ring are mutually limiting and cooperating.

[0008] Furthermore, to facilitate connection, multiple connecting lugs are uniformly fixedly connected to the left end face of the first support plate circumferentially outside the first circular hole. The multiple connecting lugs are arranged one-to-one with the multiple second elastic components, and the right ends of the multiple second elastic components are connected to the first support plate through the multiple connecting lugs.

[0009] Furthermore, to ensure good impact and deformation resistance, the CO elimination mechanism, movable fixing mechanism, and pressure relief mechanism are all made of high-temperature resistant and pressure-resistant metal materials; the thickness of the front end plate and the rear end plate is 1-3 mm; the thickness of the first support plate and the second support plate is 1-2 mm; the thickness of the main cylinder is 1-1.5 mm; and the thickness of the connecting cover, the fixed end cover, and the movable end cover is 1-2 mm.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the number of support rods is 4 to 12, and the number of holes on each support rod is 2 to 6; the number of fixing pins is 8 to 72.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the elastic components have good elastic performance and good load-bearing capacity, the first elastic component, the second elastic component, and the third elastic component are all combination springs of stainless steel corrugated springs and helical springs. The number of the first elastic component is 2 to 4, and the number of the second elastic component and the third elastic component is 4 to 8.

[0012] In this invention, the CO elimination mechanism is a multi-layered annular structure composed of a first charging cylinder, a second charging cylinder, and a third charging cylinder. An outer annular ventilation area is formed between the first and second charging cylinders, and an inner annular ventilation area is formed between the second and third charging cylinders. This facilitates the smooth passage of detonation gas through the outer and inner annular ventilation areas into the CO elimination mechanism. Since the first, second, and third charging cylinders are respectively filled with CO eliminator particles A, B, and C, and each charging cylinder has through holes, the detonation gas can fully contact the CO eliminator particles in the three charging cylinders during its passage through the CO elimination mechanism. This allows the CO eliminator particles to effectively eliminate the CO gas contained in the gas, achieving the goal of rapid and efficient removal of toxic and harmful gases. The movable end cap is detachably fitted onto the right opening of the main cylinder, facilitating the opening or closing of the movable cylinder and, consequently, the insertion or removal of the CO elimination mechanism from the movable cylinder. The movable cylinder has several through holes to allow detonation gases to pass through and smoothly enter the CO elimination mechanism. A second support plate is slidably fitted onto the outside of the movable cylinder through its central hole. Multiple support rods surrounding the movable cylinder connect the second support plate to the first support plate on the left side of the cylinder, forming a protective frame around the cylinder. This not only protects the cylinder but also allows it to slide axially relative to the protective frame. A connecting sleeve is connected to the right side of the first support plate, and a connecting stud is connected to the left side of the connecting cover. This allows the connecting cover to be securely connected between the first support plate and the movable cylinder via threaded engagement. Multiple first elastic connecting components connect the movable cylinder to the connecting cover. This design, while protecting the cylinder with the support frame, also provides cushioning during the axial movement of the cylinder through the multiple first elastic components, improving the protection effect. The front and rear plates are positioned opposite each other on the far left and far right, and the front plate and the first support plate are connected by multiple second elastic components. The rear plate and the second support plate are connected by multiple third elastic components. The second and third elastic components work together to provide elastic force to the movable cylinder and the support frame, thereby effectively buffering the impact force during the blasting process and effectively protecting the CO elimination mechanism and the movable fixing mechanism.The outer ends of multiple fixing pins are all conical structures, while the inner ends of the fixing pins are movably connected to the main cylinder via hinge blocks. Under normal conditions, the fixing pins are in an inclined state. This ensures that when the CO elimination device is pushed towards the bottom of the hole, the fixing pins can extend outwards to a certain length and smoothly insert into the rock wall under the limiting action of the limiting baffle. This facilitates fixing the CO elimination device inside the borehole. Combined with the buffering protection of multiple elastic components, the CO elimination device can withstand the blast pressure and shock wave of explosives. Furthermore, multiple circumferentially evenly distributed first elastic components connect the connecting cover and the movable cylinder; multiple circumferentially evenly distributed second elastic components connect the front end plate and the connecting cover; and multiple circumferentially evenly distributed third elastic components connect the movable end cover and the rear end plate. This parallel connection effectively enhances the load-bearing capacity and provides good pressure relief and buffering effects, offering multiple layers of protection for the CO elimination device and enabling its reusability. Furthermore, when the CO elimination device is fixed inside the blast hole, it can help prevent punctures and improve the blasting effect to some extent. Additionally, during the blasting process, the CO elimination mechanism placed inside the blast hole can effectively remove CO from the gas, achieving the effect of eliminating CO at its source.

[0013] This system has an ideal CO removal effect and high removal efficiency. At the same time, it has strong impact resistance, self-protection ability, and can be used repeatedly. It can eliminate the toxic and harmful CO gas generated by tunneling and blasting operations at the source, which is conducive to improving work efficiency and ensuring the health and safety of workers.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for recovering and eliminating CO using an in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes. The method employs an in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes and includes the following steps: Step 1: Surface treatment of the CO elimination device; S11: Cleaning and polishing; using polishing tools to finely polish the front plate, rear plate, first support plate, second support plate, support rod, connecting cover and movable cylinder in the CO elimination device; S12: Immersion treatment; Assemble the movable fixing mechanism and the pressure relief mechanism, and immerse the movable fixing mechanism, the pressure relief mechanism, the first loading cylinder, the second loading cylinder and the third loading cylinder in the fluorescent solution for immersion treatment; S13: Drying and curing treatment; After soaking, place the soaked parts into the drying chamber for drying treatment; S14: Assemble the CO elimination mechanism; first, use several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets two to coaxially fix the second loading cylinder to the outside of the third loading cylinder, and use several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets one to coaxially fix the first loading cylinder to the outside of the second loading cylinder; then, fill the activated CO eliminator particles A, CO eliminator particles B, and CO eliminator particles C into the interior of the first, second, and third loading cylinders respectively according to predetermined requirements; finally, install the CO elimination mechanism into the movable cylinder in the movable fixing mechanism; Step 2: Filling the blast holes at the blasting site; S21: Transport multiple CO elimination devices and multiple filling devices to the work site; S22: Pull the push rod outward to move the front push plate and the rear push plate along the sleeve away from the push groove, so that the channel in the push groove is emptied; S23: First, assemble multiple sections of explosives of suitable size in sequence at the front of the channel in the pusher trough, and make the detonating cord connecting the multiple sections of explosives pass through the pusher structure through a pair of wire through slots and extend to the outside of the borehole. Then, assemble a CO elimination device in the middle of the channel in the pusher trough and assemble a blockage at the rear of the channel in the pusher trough. S24: Push the push-pull rod inward to push the blockage, CO elimination device and multiple explosive sections toward the bottom of the hole via the front push plate and the rear push plate; During this process, the rear plate of the pressure relief mechanism in the CO elimination device is pushed towards the bottom of the hole by the thrust. After the third elastic component is subjected to force, it is compressed and pushes the movable cylinder to move towards the bottom of the hole. The fixing pin on the support rod extends outward under the drive of the movable cylinder and quickly anchors into the hole wall under the limiting action of the limiting baffle. At this time, the first elastic component, the second elastic component and the third elastic component are all in a compressed state. Step 3: In-situ CO removal operation by blasting; S31: After all the blast holes have been filled, connect the blasting network, evacuate the workers to the outside of the safe area, and detonate the explosives; S32: At the moment of the explosive detonation, the generated detonation gas impacts the front plate; during this process, the explosion impact force on the CO elimination device as a whole is buffered by multiple second elastic components and multiple third elastic components, and the impact force on the movable cylinder is further buffered by multiple first elastic components, a second support plate that slides with the movable cylinder, and multiple fixing pins anchored into the hole wall. Simultaneously, the detonation gas sequentially enters the interior of the movable cylinder through several through holes six on the front end plate, one round hole and several through holes four on the first support plate, three round holes and several through holes five on the connecting cover, several through holes one on the main cylinder and several through holes two on the fixed end cover, and fully contacts the first, second and third charging cylinders. Subsequently, the CO eliminator particles A, B and C inside the first, second and third charging cylinders fully act on the CO in the gas, achieving efficient CO removal. The gas after CO removal flows towards the orifice through several through holes three on the movable end cover and several through holes seven on the rear end plate. Step 4: Recovery of the CO elimination device; S41: After the blasting operation is completed, under the impact force, the CO elimination device is thrown along with the debris and falls into the space area behind the blast. The space area behind the blast is irradiated by a special light source, and the components with reflective light are collected one by one and stored in the collection bucket. S42: The recovered components are dried as a whole, and the CO eliminator particles in each loading cylinder of the CO elimination mechanism are taken out and the CO eliminator particles are thermally activated to realize the reuse of the CO elimination device and CO eliminator particles.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, in step one, the soaking time in S12 is 15-30 min, the drying and curing time in S13 is 4-8 h, and the drying temperature is 50-120℃; in step four, the drying temperature in S42 is 51-120℃, and the drying time is 1-2 h.

[0016] In this invention, each component undergoes fine polishing before assembly, ensuring excellent reflectivity. This allows for improved recovery efficiency during irradiation with a special light source by identifying reflective points, significantly reducing labor load and facilitating easier recycling. The device can also be reused, further reducing operating costs. Immersing each component in a fluorescent solution followed by drying retains some fluorescent agent, enhancing reflectivity under special light. During loading, the explosive, CO elimination device, and blockage material are sequentially placed into the pusher channel. The loading mechanism simultaneously pushes these components into the borehole, achieving a one-step loading process. This effectively reduces inconvenience caused by debris within the borehole, greatly simplifying the loading process and improving work efficiency. During the pushing process, multiple fixing pins are radially anchored into the borehole wall, securing the CO elimination device inside the borehole. This provides a sealing effect during blasting operations, and together with the plugging material, effectively prevents blowouts, thus improving blasting efficiency. During blasting, multiple second and third elastic components effectively reduce the impact of the explosion on the CO elimination device. Simultaneously, multiple first elastic components, along with a support frame that slides with the movable cylinder, further reduce the impact of the explosion on the movable cylinder, thereby effectively protecting the main body of the CO elimination mechanism. Therefore, this method ensures in-situ CO elimination within the borehole during blasting operations, providing excellent blowout prevention and pressure relief effects. The method is simple to implement, highly efficient, and simultaneously achieves blowout prevention, CO elimination, and appropriate pressure relief, significantly improving both CO elimination and rock-breaking blasting effects. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end board structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back-end board in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first support plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second support plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting cover in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable end cap in this invention; Figure 8This is a cross-sectional view of the CO elimination mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of the fixing pin from an unfixed to a fixed state in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the filling device in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the on-site loading of medicine using a filling device in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the final state of the borehole after the explosive charge is completed in this invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the AA direction; Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the method portion of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. CO elimination mechanism; 2. Movable fixing mechanism; 3. Pressure relief mechanism; 4. First loading cylinder; 5. Second loading cylinder; 6. Third loading cylinder; 7. Connecting bracket one; 8. Connecting bracket two; 9. Outer annular ventilation area; 10. Inner annular ventilation area; 11. Movable cylinder; 12. Main cylinder; 13. Fixed end cap; 14. Movable end cap; 15. Support frame; 16. Through hole three; 17. First support plate; 18. Second support plate; 19. Support rod; 20. Round hole one; 21. Connecting threaded sleeve; 22. Mounting hole one; 23. Through hole four; 24. Round hole two; 25. Mounting hole two; 26. Through hole; 27. Hinge block; 28. Fixing pin; 29. ​​Limiting... Position baffle, 30. Left limiting ring, 31. Right limiting ring, 32. Front end plate, 33. Connecting cover, 34. Rear end plate, 35. First elastic component, 36. Second elastic component, 37. Circular hole three, 38. Through hole five, 39. Connecting stud, 40. Third elastic component, 41. Through hole six, 42. Through hole seven, 43. Connecting ear plate, 44. Sleeve, 45. Pushing structure, 46. Pushing groove, 47. Front pushing plate, 48. Rear pushing plate, 49. Center connecting rod, 50. Edge connecting rod, 51. Detonating cord, 52. Push-pull rod, 53. Handle, 54. Filling device, 55. CO elimination device, 56. Through groove for wire, 57. Explosive, 58. Blast hole, 59. Blocking material. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the present invention provides an in-situ CO elimination system for blasting boreholes, including a CO elimination device 55; the CO elimination device 55 includes a CO elimination mechanism 1, a movable fixing mechanism 2, and a pressure relief mechanism 3; The CO elimination mechanism 1 includes a first loading cylinder 4, a second loading cylinder 5, and a third loading cylinder 6. The first loading cylinder 4 is a double-layered closed structure cylinder with an annular receiving cavity. Several through holes (I) are distributed throughout its body, and the annular receiving cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles A. Preferably, the through holes (I) are circular. Further preferably, the end plate at the right end of the first loading cylinder 4 is detachable, facilitating the loading and removal of CO eliminator particles A. The second loading cylinder 5 is a double-layered closed structure cylinder with an annular receiving cavity. Several through holes (II) are distributed throughout its body, and the annular receiving cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles B. The diameter of the through holes (II) is larger than that of the through holes (I), preferably circular. The particle size of the CO eliminator particles B is larger than that of the CO eliminator particles A. The second loading cylinder 5 is coaxially fixed to the first loading cylinder 6 by several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets (I) 7. The interior of the first loading cylinder 4 forms an outer annular ventilation area 9; as a further preferred embodiment, the end plate at the right end of the second loading cylinder 5 is a detachable structure, thereby facilitating the loading and removal of CO eliminator particles B; the third loading cylinder 6 is a closed cylinder with a cylindrical receiving cavity, and several through holes 3 are distributed throughout its cylinder body. Its cylindrical receiving cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles C. The diameter of the through holes 3 is larger than that of the through holes 2, preferably the through holes 3 are circular holes, and the particle size of the CO eliminator particles C is larger than that of the CO eliminator particles B; the third loading cylinder 6 is coaxially fixed to the interior of the second loading cylinder 5 by several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets 2 8, and forms an inner annular ventilation area 10 between it and the second loading cylinder 5; as a further preferred embodiment, the end plate at the right end of the third loading cylinder 6 is a detachable structure, thereby facilitating the loading and removal of CO eliminator particles C. As a preferred option, CO scavenger particles A, CO scavenger particles B and CO scavenger particles C are all prepared by morphology control method and are one or more transition metal oxides or composite metal oxides selected from iron, copper, manganese and cobalt.

[0021] The movable fixing mechanism 2 includes a movable cylinder 11, a support frame 15, and fixing components; The movable cylinder 11 includes a main cylinder 12, a fixed end cap 13, and a movable end cap 14. The main cylinder 12 has several through holes I distributed throughout its body, preferably circular holes. The size of the main cylinder 12 is adapted to the size of the CO elimination mechanism 1 and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the CO elimination mechanism 1. The fixed end cap 13 is fixedly connected to the left opening end of the main cylinder 12 and has several through holes II distributed throughout its surface, preferably circular holes. The movable end cap 14 is detachably fitted onto the right opening end of the main cylinder 12 and has several through holes III 16 distributed throughout its surface, preferably circular holes. The support frame 15 includes a first support plate 17, a second support plate 18, and a support rod 19. The outer contour of the first support plate 17 is circular, and its outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the movable cylinder 11. The first support plate 17 is coaxially disposed on the left side of the movable cylinder 11, with a circular hole 20 at its center and multiple mounting holes 22 evenly distributed around its edge. Several through holes 23 are formed in the area between the circular hole 20 and the multiple mounting holes 22. Preferably, the through holes 23 are circular holes. A connecting screw sleeve 21 is coaxially fixedly connected to the right side of the first support plate 17 at the circular hole 20. The outer contour of the second support plate 18 is circular, and its outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the movable cylinder 11. The second support plate 18 has the same outer diameter as the first support plate 17, and its center is provided with a circular hole 24 corresponding to the movable cylinder 11. Its edge is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 25 corresponding to a plurality of mounting holes 1 22. The second support plate 18 is slidably fitted onto the outside of the movable cylinder 11 through the circular hole 24. The number of support rods 19 is the same as the number of mounting holes 1 22 and mounting holes 25. The multiple support rods 19 are evenly distributed around the outside of the movable cylinder 11, and the left end of each support rod 19 is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole 1 22, and its right end is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole 25. The length direction of each support rod 19 is provided with a plurality of through holes 26. The fixing assembly includes hinge blocks 27, fixing pins 28, and limiting baffles 29; multiple sets of hinge blocks 27, multiple sets of fixing pins 28, multiple sets of limiting baffles 29, and multiple support rods 19 are arranged correspondingly; wherein, multiple hinge blocks 27 in each set of hinge blocks 27 are uniformly fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main cylinder 12 along the axial direction, and multiple hinge blocks 27 correspond one-to-one with multiple through holes 26 on the corresponding support rods 19; multiple fixing pins 28 in each set of fixing pins 28 are slidably inserted into the multiple through holes 26 on the corresponding support rods 19, and the inner ends of the multiple fixing pins 28 are movably connected to the corresponding multiple hinge blocks 27, and the outer ends of the multiple fixing pins 28 are all conical structures; multiple limiting baffles 29 in each set of limiting baffles 29 are fixedly connected to the corresponding support rods 19, and the multiple limiting baffles 29 are located on the right side of the multiple through holes 26; As a priority, the sum of the lengths of the two radially opposite sets of fixed pins 28 in the vertical state and the outer diameter of the movable cylinder 11 is greater than the diameter of the borehole 58; The pressure relief mechanism 3 includes a connecting cover 33, a first elastic component 35, a front end plate 32, a second elastic component 36, a rear end plate 34, and a third elastic component 40. The outer contour of the connecting cover 33 is circular. It is located inside the multiple support rods 19 and is coaxially arranged between the first support plate 17 and the movable cylinder 11. A circular hole 37 is opened in the center of the connecting cover 33, and several through holes 38 are opened in the area outside the circular hole 37. Preferably, the through holes 38 are circular holes. A connecting stud 39 is coaxially fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting cover 33 at the circular hole 37, and the connecting stud 39 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 21 by thread engagement. Multiple first elastic components 35 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the connecting cover 33 and the movable cylinder 11, with their left ends connected to the connecting cover 33 and their right ends connected to the fixed end cover 13. The outer contour of the front end plate 32 is circular, and a plurality of through holes 41 are evenly provided on it and are coaxially arranged on the left side of the first support plate 17; preferably, the through holes 41 are circular holes. Multiple second elastic components 36 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the front end plate 32 and the first support plate 17, with their left ends connected to the front end plate 32 and their right ends connected to the first support plate 17. The outer contour of the rear end plate 34 is circular, and a plurality of through holes 42 are provided on it and are coaxially arranged on the right side of the movable end cover 14; preferably, the through holes 42 are circular holes. Multiple third elastic components 40 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the movable end cover 14 and the rear end plate 34, with their left ends connected to the movable end cover 14 and their right ends connected to the rear end plate 34. When the first elastic component 35, the second elastic component 36 and the third elastic component 40 are in their normal state, the multiple fixing pins 28 in each group of fixing pins 28 are all tilted to the left at their outer ends.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the through hole 7 42 on the rear end plate 34 is the same as the diameter of the through hole 6 41 on the front end plate 32, and the number of through holes 6 41 on the front end plate 32 is greater than the number of through holes 7 42 on the rear end plate 34. The diameter of the through hole 4 23 on the first support plate 17 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 6 41 on the front end plate 32. The diameters of the through hole 5 38 on the connecting cover 33 and the through hole 3 16 on the movable end cover 14 are both smaller than the diameter of the through hole 4 23 on the first support plate 17. The front end plate, the first support plate, the connecting cover, the movable cylinder, the second support plate, and the rear end plate are all hollow structures with through holes, which can facilitate the smooth passage of detonation gas.

[0023] To facilitate simultaneous assembly of explosives and CO elimination devices and improve operational efficiency, a filling device 54 is also included. The filling device 54 includes a sleeve 44, a pushing structure 45, and a pushing groove 46. The pushing structure 45 is axially slidably assembled in the sleeve 44 and includes a front pushing plate 47, a rear pushing plate 48, a central connecting rod 49, an edge connecting rod 50, a push-pull rod 52, and a handle 53. The outer diameters of the front pushing plate 47 and the rear pushing plate 48 are adapted to the inner diameter of the sleeve 44 and are spaced apart inside the sleeve 44. Simultaneously, a pair of wire-passing grooves 56 are formed opposite each other at the bottom of the front pushing plate 47 and the rear pushing plate 48. The central connecting rod 49 is located at the axis between the front pushing plate 47 and the rear pushing plate 48, and its two ends are respectively... The push rod 52 is fixedly connected to the front push plate 47 and the rear push plate 48; multiple edge connecting rods 50 are evenly distributed around the central connecting rod 49, and their two ends are fixedly connected to the front push plate 47 and the rear push plate 48 respectively; the front end of the push rod 52 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rear end face of the rear push plate 48; the push groove 46 has a semi-circular cross section, the size of its internal channel is adapted to the outer diameter of the CO elimination device, and its rear end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end of the sleeve 44, and its internal channel is smoothly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sleeve 44. The length of the push groove 46 is consistent with the blasting parameters and the sum of the loading length of the explosive 57 in the borehole 58, the length of the CO elimination device 55 and the blockage 59; the CO elimination device is axially slidably assembled in the push groove 46. The central connecting rod connects to the central areas of the front and rear push plates respectively. Multiple evenly distributed circumferential edge connecting rods then connect the front and rear push plates, ensuring a secure connection and uniform force distribution on the front push plate during pushing and pulling. A pair of through slots are located at the bottom of the front and rear push plates to facilitate the smooth passage of the detonating cord through the loading device, enabling subsequent detonation operations. Thus, the loading device allows for the integrated loading of explosives, CO removal devices, and blockages, reducing construction difficulties caused by protruding rocks within the borehole, significantly simplifying the loading process and improving work efficiency.

[0024] To effectively ensure CO elimination while reducing airflow resistance, the aperture of the first through-hole is greater than 0 and less than 0.05 mm, the aperture of the second through-hole is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than 0.3 mm, and the aperture of the third through-hole is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than 0.7 mm; the diameter of CO eliminator particle A is 0.05–0.1 mm, the diameter of CO eliminator particle B is 0.3–0.6 mm, and the diameter of CO eliminator particle C is 0.7–1 mm.

[0025] Preferably, a left limiting ring 30 is fixedly connected to the right end of the second support plate 18 outside the second circular hole 24; a right limiting ring 31 is fixedly connected to the left end of the movable end cover 14 at the position corresponding to the left limiting ring 30, and the right limiting ring 31 and the left limiting ring 30 are mutually limiting and engaged. In order to effectively reduce the impact force during mutual contact, the left limiting ring 30 and the right limiting ring 31 are preferably made of rubber.

[0026] To facilitate connection, multiple connecting ear plates 43 are uniformly fixedly connected to the left end face of the first support plate 17 outside the circular hole 20. The multiple connecting ear plates 43 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple second elastic components 36, and the right ends of the multiple second elastic components 36 are connected to the first support plate 17 through the multiple connecting ear plates 43.

[0027] To ensure good impact and deformation resistance, the CO elimination mechanism 1, the movable fixing mechanism 2, and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are all made of high-temperature resistant and pressure-resistant metal materials; the thickness of the front end plate 32 and the rear end plate 34 is 1-3 mm; the thickness of the first support plate 17 and the second support plate 18 is 1-2 mm; the thickness of the main cylinder 12 is 1-1.5 mm; and the thickness of the connecting cover 33, the fixed end cover 13, and the movable end cover 14 is 1-2 mm.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the number of support rods 19 is 4 to 12, and the number of through holes on each support rod 19 is 2 to 6; the number of fixing pins 28 is 8 to 72.

[0029] To ensure that the elastic components have good elastic performance and good load-bearing capacity, the first elastic component 35, the second elastic component 36, and the third elastic component 40 are all combination springs of stainless steel corrugated springs and helical springs. The number of the first elastic component 35 is 2 to 4, and the number of the second elastic component 36 and the third elastic component 40 is 4 to 8.

[0030] During the process of pushing the CO elimination device 55 towards the bottom of the borehole 58, the front plate 32 of the pressure relief mechanism 3 comes into contact with the explosive 57. The second elastic component 36, which is in a relaxed state, is connected to the first support plate 17 in the support frame 15. The connecting cover 33, which is connected to the movable cylinder 11 via the first elastic component 35, is connected to the first support plate 17 through a threaded connection. During the process of the movable cylinder 11 being squeezed inward, the second elastic component 36 is in a compressed state. The fixing pin 28 extends outward along the through hole 26 on the support rod 19. It is restricted by the limiting baffle 29 on the outside of the through hole 26 and changes from an inclined state to a vertical state, and is inserted into the wall of the borehole 58.

[0031] In this invention, the CO elimination mechanism is a multi-layered annular structure composed of a first charging cylinder, a second charging cylinder, and a third charging cylinder. An outer annular ventilation area is formed between the first and second charging cylinders, and an inner annular ventilation area is formed between the second and third charging cylinders. This facilitates the smooth passage of detonation gas through the outer and inner annular ventilation areas into the CO elimination mechanism. Since the first, second, and third charging cylinders are respectively filled with CO eliminator particles A, B, and C, and each charging cylinder has through holes, the detonation gas can fully contact the CO eliminator particles in the three charging cylinders during its passage through the CO elimination mechanism. This allows the CO eliminator particles to effectively eliminate the CO gas contained in the gas, achieving the goal of rapid and efficient removal of toxic and harmful gases. The movable end cap is detachably fitted onto the right opening of the main cylinder, facilitating the opening or closing of the movable cylinder and, consequently, the insertion or removal of the CO elimination mechanism from the movable cylinder. The movable cylinder has several through holes to allow detonation gases to pass through and smoothly enter the CO elimination mechanism. A second support plate is slidably fitted onto the outside of the movable cylinder through its central hole. Multiple support rods surrounding the movable cylinder connect the second support plate to the first support plate on the left side of the cylinder, forming a protective frame around the cylinder. This not only protects the cylinder but also allows it to slide axially relative to the protective frame. A connecting sleeve is connected to the right side of the first support plate, and a connecting stud is connected to the left side of the connecting cover. This allows the connecting cover to be securely connected between the first support plate and the movable cylinder via threaded engagement. Multiple first elastic connecting components connect the movable cylinder to the connecting cover. This design, while protecting the cylinder with the support frame, also provides cushioning during the axial movement of the cylinder through the multiple first elastic components, improving the protection effect. The front and rear plates are positioned opposite each other on the far left and far right, and the front plate and the first support plate are connected by multiple second elastic components. The rear plate and the second support plate are connected by multiple third elastic components. The second and third elastic components work together to provide elastic force to the movable cylinder and the support frame, thereby effectively buffering the impact force during the blasting process and effectively protecting the CO elimination mechanism and the movable fixing mechanism.The outer ends of multiple fixing pins are all conical structures, while the inner ends of the fixing pins are movably connected to the main cylinder via hinge blocks. Under normal conditions, the fixing pins are in an inclined state. This ensures that when the CO elimination device is pushed towards the bottom of the hole, the fixing pins can extend outwards to a certain length and smoothly insert into the rock wall under the limiting action of the limiting baffle. This facilitates fixing the CO elimination device inside the borehole. Combined with the buffering protection of multiple elastic components, the CO elimination device can withstand the blast pressure and shock wave of explosives. Furthermore, multiple circumferentially evenly distributed first elastic components connect the connecting cover and the movable cylinder; multiple circumferentially evenly distributed second elastic components connect the front end plate and the connecting cover; and multiple circumferentially evenly distributed third elastic components connect the movable end cover and the rear end plate. This parallel connection effectively enhances the load-bearing capacity and provides good pressure relief and buffering effects, offering multiple layers of protection for the CO elimination device and enabling its reusability. Furthermore, when the CO elimination device is fixed inside the blast hole, it can help prevent punctures and improve the blasting effect to some extent. Additionally, during the blasting process, the CO elimination mechanism placed inside the blast hole can effectively remove CO from the gas, achieving the effect of eliminating CO at its source.

[0032] This system has an ideal CO removal effect and high removal efficiency. At the same time, it has strong impact resistance, self-protection ability, and can be used repeatedly. It can eliminate the toxic and harmful CO gas generated by tunneling and blasting operations at the source, which is conducive to improving work efficiency and ensuring the health and safety of workers.

[0033] like Figure 14 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for recovering and eliminating CO in an in-situ CO elimination system for blasting boreholes, which employs an in-situ CO elimination system for blasting boreholes and includes the following steps: Step 1: Surface treatment of CO elimination device 55; S11: Cleaning and polishing; using polishing tools to finely polish the front plate 32, rear plate 34, first support plate 17, second support plate 18, support rod 19, connecting cover 33 and movable cylinder 11 in the CO elimination device 55. S12: Immersion treatment; Assemble the movable fixing mechanism 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3, and immerse the movable fixing mechanism 2, the pressure relief mechanism 3, the first loading cylinder 4, the second loading cylinder 5 and the third loading cylinder 6 in the fluorescent solution for immersion treatment. The immersion treatment time is preferably 15 to 30 minutes. S13: Drying and curing treatment; After soaking, place the soaked parts into a drying chamber for drying treatment. The preferred drying time is 4 to 8 hours and the drying temperature is 50 to 120°C. S14: Assemble the CO elimination mechanism 1; firstly, use several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets 8 to coaxially fix the second loading cylinder 5 to the outside of the third loading cylinder 6, and use several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets 7 to coaxially fix the first loading cylinder 4 to the outside of the second loading cylinder 5; then, fill the activated CO eliminator particles A, CO eliminator particles B and CO eliminator particles C into the interior of the first loading cylinder 4, the second loading cylinder 5 and the third loading cylinder 6 respectively according to the predetermined requirements; then, install the CO elimination mechanism 1 into the movable cylinder 11 in the movable fixing mechanism 2; Step 2: Filling the blast hole 58 at the blasting site; S21: Transport multiple CO elimination devices 55 and multiple filling devices 54 to the work site; S22: Pull the push rod 52 outward to drive the front push plate 47 and the rear push plate 48 to move along the sleeve 44 away from the push groove 46, so that the channel in the push groove 46 is emptied. S23: First, install the multi-section explosive 57 of suitable size in sequence at the front of the channel in the pusher 46, and make the detonating cord 51 connecting the multi-section explosive 57 pass through the pusher structure 45 through a pair of wire through slots 56 and extend to the outside of the borehole 58. Then, install the CO elimination device 55 in the middle of the channel in the pusher 46 and install the blockage 59 in the rear of the channel in the pusher 46. S24: Push the push-pull rod 52 inward, and push the blockage 59, CO elimination device 55 and multi-section explosive 57 towards the bottom of the hole through the front push plate 47 and the rear push plate 48; During this process, the rear plate 34 of the pressure relief mechanism 3 in the CO elimination device 55 is pushed towards the bottom of the hole by the thrust. After the third elastic component 40 is subjected to force, it is compressed and pushes the movable cylinder 11 to move towards the bottom of the hole. The fixing pin 28, which is inserted through the support rod 19, extends outward under the drive of the movable cylinder 11 and quickly anchors into the hole wall of the borehole 58 under the limiting action of the limiting baffle 29. At this time, the first elastic component 35, the second elastic component 36 and the third elastic component 40 are all in a compressed state. The change in the overall length of the CO elimination device 55 can be calculated using formula (1); (1); In the formula, F is the magnitude of the force on the CO elimination device 55, n1 is the number of elastic units in the second elastic component 36, n2 is the number of elastic units in the third elastic component 40, k1 is the stiffness coefficient of the elastic unit in the second elastic component 36, and k2 is the stiffness coefficient of the elastic unit in the third elastic component 40. Step 3: In-situ CO removal operation by blasting; S31: After all the blast holes 58 have been filled, connect the blasting network, evacuate the workers to the outside of the safe area, and detonate the explosive 57. S32: At the moment of the explosion of explosive 57, the generated detonation gas impacts the front plate 32; during this process, the explosion impact force received by the CO elimination device 55 as a whole is buffered by multiple second elastic components 36 and multiple third elastic components 40, and the impact force received by the movable cylinder 11 is further buffered by multiple first elastic components 35, the second support plate 18 which slides with the movable cylinder 11, and multiple fixing pins 28 anchored into the hole wall; Simultaneously, the detonation gas sequentially enters the interior of the movable cylinder 11 through several through holes 41 on the front end plate 32, several through holes 20 and several through holes 23 on the first support plate 17, several through holes 37 and several through holes 38 on the connecting cover 33, several through holes 1 on the main cylinder 12, and several through holes 2 on the fixed end cover 13. It then fully contacts the first loading cylinder 4, the second loading cylinder 5, and the third loading cylinder 6. Consequently, the CO eliminator particles A, B, and C inside the first loading cylinder 4, the second loading cylinder 5, and the third loading cylinder 6 fully act on the CO in the gas, achieving efficient CO removal. The gas after CO removal flows towards the orifice through several through holes 16 on the movable end cover 14 and several through holes 42 on the rear end plate 34. Step 4: Recovery of CO by CO elimination device 55; S41: After the blasting operation is completed, under the impact force, the CO elimination device 55 is thrown along with the rubble and falls into the space area behind the blast. The space area behind the blast is irradiated by a special light source, and the components with reflective light are collected one by one and stored in the collection bucket. S42: The recovered components are dried as a whole, preferably at a drying temperature of 51 to 120°C and a drying time of 1 to 2 hours. Then, the CO eliminator particles in each loading cylinder of the CO elimination mechanism 1 are taken out and the CO eliminator particles are thermally activated to achieve the reuse of the CO elimination device 55 and the CO eliminator particles.

[0034] In this invention, each component undergoes fine polishing before assembly, ensuring excellent reflectivity. This allows for improved recovery efficiency during irradiation with a special light source by identifying reflective points, significantly reducing labor load and facilitating easier recycling. The device can also be reused, further reducing operating costs. Immersing each component in a fluorescent solution followed by drying retains some fluorescent agent, enhancing reflectivity under special light. During loading, the explosive, CO elimination device, and blockage material are sequentially placed into the pusher channel. The loading mechanism simultaneously pushes these components into the borehole, achieving a one-step loading process. This effectively reduces inconvenience caused by debris within the borehole, greatly simplifying the loading process and improving work efficiency. During the pushing process, multiple fixing pins are radially anchored into the borehole wall, securing the CO elimination device inside the borehole. This provides a sealing effect during blasting operations, and together with the plugging material, effectively prevents blowouts, thus improving blasting efficiency. During blasting, multiple second and third elastic components effectively reduce the impact of the explosion on the CO elimination device. Simultaneously, multiple first elastic components, along with a support frame that slides with the movable cylinder, further reduce the impact of the explosion on the movable cylinder, thereby effectively protecting the main body of the CO elimination mechanism. Therefore, this method ensures in-situ CO elimination within the borehole during blasting operations, providing excellent blowout prevention and pressure relief effects. The method is simple to implement, highly efficient, and simultaneously achieves blowout prevention, CO elimination, and appropriate pressure relief, significantly improving both CO elimination and rock-breaking blasting effects.

Claims

1. A system for in-situ CO elimination from blast holes, comprising a CO elimination device (55); the CO elimination device (55) comprises a CO elimination mechanism (1); characterized in that, The CO elimination device (55) also includes a movable fixing mechanism (2) and a pressure relief mechanism (3); The CO elimination mechanism (1) includes a first loading cylinder (4), a second loading cylinder (5), and a third loading cylinder (6); the first loading cylinder (4) is a double-layered closed structure cylinder with an annular cavity, and a plurality of through holes I are distributed throughout its cylinder body, and its annular cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles A; the second loading cylinder (5) is a double-layered closed structure cylinder with an annular cavity, and a plurality of through holes II are distributed throughout its cylinder body, and its annular cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles B, wherein the aperture of the through holes II is larger than the aperture of the through holes I, and the particle size of the CO eliminator particles B is larger than the particle size of the CO eliminator particles A; the second loading cylinder (5) is filled with a plurality of through holes II evenly distributed around its circumference. The connecting bracket 1 (7) is coaxially fixed inside the first loading cylinder (4) and forms an outer annular ventilation area (9) between it and the first loading cylinder (4); the third loading cylinder (6) is a closed cylinder with a cylindrical receiving cavity, and several through holes 3 are opened all over its cylinder body. Its cylindrical receiving cavity is filled with CO eliminator particles C. The aperture of the through hole 3 is larger than the aperture of the through hole 2, and the particle size of the CO eliminator particles C is larger than the particle size of the CO eliminator particles B; the third loading cylinder (6) is coaxially fixed inside the second loading cylinder (5) through several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets 2 (8), and forms an inner annular ventilation area (10) between it and the second loading cylinder (5). The movable fixing mechanism (2) includes a movable cylinder (11), a support frame (15), and fixing components; The movable cylinder (11) includes a main cylinder (12), a fixed end cap (13), and a movable end cap (14). The main cylinder (12) has several through holes I distributed throughout its body. The size of the main cylinder (12) is adapted to the size of the CO elimination mechanism (1) and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the CO elimination mechanism (1). The fixed end cap (13) is fixedly connected to the left opening end of the main cylinder (12) and has several through holes II distributed throughout its surface. The movable end cap (14) is detachably fitted onto the right opening end of the main cylinder (12) and has several through holes III (16) distributed throughout its surface. The support frame (15) includes a first support plate (17), a second support plate (18), and a support rod (19); the outer contour of the first support plate (17) is circular, and its outer diameter is larger than that of the movable cylinder (11); the first support plate (17) is coaxially arranged on the left side of the movable cylinder (11), with a circular hole (20) in its center, and multiple mounting holes (22) evenly arranged around its edge, and several through holes (23) in the area between the circular hole (20) and the multiple mounting holes (22); a connecting threaded sleeve (21) is coaxially fixedly connected to the right side of the first support plate (17) at the circular hole (20); the outer contour of the second support plate (18) is circular, and its outer diameter is larger than that of the first support plate (19). The outer diameter of the second support plate (17) is the same, and the center of the second support plate (18) is provided with a circular hole (24) corresponding to the movable cylinder (11). The edge of the second support plate (18) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (25) corresponding to a plurality of mounting holes (22). The second support plate (18) is slidably fitted onto the outside of the movable cylinder (11) through the circular hole (24). The number of the support rods (19) is the same as the number of mounting holes (22) and mounting holes (25). The multiple support rods (19) are evenly distributed around the outside of the movable cylinder (11). The left end of each support rod (19) is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole (22), and the right end is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole (25). The length of each support rod (19) is evenly provided with a plurality of through holes (26). The fixing assembly includes hinge blocks (27), fixing pins (28), and limiting baffles (29); multiple sets of hinge blocks (27), multiple sets of fixing pins (28), multiple sets of limiting baffles (29), and multiple support rods (19) are arranged in a corresponding manner; wherein, multiple hinge blocks (27) in each set of hinge blocks (27) are uniformly fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main cylinder (12) along the axial direction, and at the same time, multiple hinge blocks (27) correspond one-to-one with multiple through holes (26) on the corresponding support rods (19); each set of fixing pins (28) is arranged in a corresponding manner. Multiple fixing pins (28) in the pin (28) are slidably inserted into multiple through holes (26) on the corresponding support rod (19). At the same time, the inner ends of the multiple fixing pins (28) are movably connected to the corresponding multiple hinge blocks (27). The outer ends of the multiple fixing pins (28) are all pointed cone structures. Multiple limiting baffles (29) in each set of limiting baffles (29) are fixedly connected to the corresponding support rod (19). At the same time, the multiple limiting baffles (29) are located on the right side of the multiple through holes (26). The pressure relief mechanism (3) includes a connecting cover (33), a first elastic component (35), a front end plate (32), a second elastic component (36), a rear end plate (34), and a third elastic component (40). The outer contour of the connecting cover (33) is circular. It is located inside the multiple support rods (19) and is coaxially arranged between the first support plate (17) and the movable cylinder (11). A circular hole three (37) is opened in the center of the connecting cover (33), and several through holes five (38) are opened in the area outside the circular hole three (37). A connecting stud (39) is coaxially fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting cover (33) at the circular hole three (37), and the connecting stud (39) is inserted into the connecting screw sleeve (21) by thread engagement. Multiple first elastic components (35) are evenly distributed circumferentially between the connecting cover (33) and the movable cylinder (11), with their left ends connected to the connecting cover (33) and their right ends connected to the fixed end cover (13). The outer contour of the front end plate (32) is circular, and several through holes (41) are evenly provided on it, and are coaxially arranged on the left side of the first support plate (17); Multiple second elastic components (36) are evenly distributed circumferentially between the front end plate (32) and the first support plate (17), with their left ends connected to the front end plate (32) and their right ends connected to the first support plate (17). The outer contour of the rear end plate (34) is circular, and several through holes (42) are provided on it, and are coaxially arranged on the right side of the movable end cover (14); Multiple third elastic components (40) are evenly distributed circumferentially between the movable end cap (14) and the rear end plate (34), with their left ends connected to the movable end cap (14) and their right ends connected to the rear end plate (34). When the first elastic component (35), the second elastic component (36) and the third elastic component (40) are in normal condition, the multiple fixing pins (28) in each set of fixing pins (28) are tilted to the left at their outer ends.

2. A system for in-situ CO elimination from a blast hole according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a filling device (54); the filling device (54) includes a sleeve (44), a pushing structure (45), and a pushing groove (46); the pushing structure (45) is axially slidably assembled in the sleeve (44), and includes a front pushing plate (47), a rear pushing plate (48), a central connecting rod (49), an edge connecting rod (50), a push-pull rod (52), and a handle (53); the outer diameters of the front pushing plate (47) and the rear pushing plate (48) are adapted to the inner diameter of the sleeve (44), and are arranged at intervals in the sleeve (44), while the bottoms of the front pushing plate (47) and the rear pushing plate (48) are provided with a pair of wire through grooves (56); the central connecting rod (49) is located between the front pushing plate (47) and the rear pushing plate (48). At the axis between the feeding plates (48), and its two ends are fixedly connected to the front push plate (47) and the rear push plate (48) respectively; multiple edge connecting rods (50) are evenly distributed around the central connecting rod (49), and their two ends are fixedly connected to the front push plate (47) and the rear push plate (48) respectively; the front end of the push-pull rod (52) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rear end face of the rear push plate (48); the cross-section of the push groove (46) is semi-circular, the size of its internal channel is adapted to the outer diameter of the CO elimination device (55), and its rear end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end of the sleeve (44), and its internal channel is smoothly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sleeve (44); the CO elimination device (55) is axially slidably assembled in the push groove (46).

3. The in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the first through hole is greater than 0 and less than 0.05 mm, the aperture of the second through hole is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than 0.3 mm, and the aperture of the third through hole is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than 0.7 mm; the diameter of the CO eliminator particle A is 0.05-0.1 mm, the diameter of the CO eliminator particle B is 0.3-0.6 mm, and the diameter of the CO eliminator particle C is 0.7-1 mm.

4. The in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right end of the second support plate (18) is fixedly connected to a left limiting ring (30) on the outside of the second round hole (24); the left end of the movable end cover (14) is fixedly connected to a right limiting ring (31) at the position corresponding to the left limiting ring (30), and the right limiting ring (31) and the left limiting ring (30) are mutually limiting and cooperating.

5. The in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The left end face of the first support plate (17) is uniformly and circumferentially fixed with multiple connecting ear plates (43) outside the circular hole (20). The multiple connecting ear plates (43) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple second elastic components (36), and the right ends of the multiple second elastic components (36) are connected to the first support plate (17) through the multiple connecting ear plates (43).

6. The in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The CO elimination mechanism (1), the movable fixing mechanism (2), and the pressure relief mechanism (3) are all made of metal materials that are resistant to high temperature and have strong pressure resistance; the thickness of the front end plate (32) and the rear end plate (34) is 1-3 mm; the thickness of the first support plate (17) and the second support plate (18) is 1-2 mm; the thickness of the main cylinder (12) is 1-1.5 mm; the thickness of the connecting cover (33), the fixed end cover (13), and the movable end cover (14) is 1-2 mm.

7. The in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of support rods (19) is 4 to 12, and the number of holes on each support rod (19) is 2 to 6; the number of fixing pins (28) is 8 to 72.

8. The in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first elastic component (35), the second elastic component (36) and the third elastic component (40) are all combination springs of stainless steel corrugated springs and helical springs. The number of the first elastic component (35) is 2 to 4, and the number of the second elastic component (36) and the third elastic component (40) is 4 to 8.

9. A method for in-situ CO removal in blasting boreholes, employing an in-situ CO removal system for blasting boreholes as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Surface treatment of CO elimination device (55); S11: Cleaning and polishing; using polishing tools to finely polish the front end plate (32), rear end plate (34), first support plate (17), second support plate (18), support rod (19), connecting cover (33) and movable cylinder (11) in the CO elimination device (55); S12: Immersion treatment; Assemble the movable fixing mechanism (2) and the pressure relief mechanism (3), and put the movable fixing mechanism (2), the pressure relief mechanism (3), the first loading cylinder (4), the second loading cylinder (5) and the third loading cylinder (6) into the fluorescent solution for immersion treatment; S13: Drying and curing treatment; After soaking, place the soaked parts into the drying chamber for drying treatment; S14: Assemble the CO elimination mechanism (1); First, use several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets (8) to coaxially fix the second loading cylinder (5) to the outside of the third loading cylinder (6), and use several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting brackets (7) to coaxially fix the first loading cylinder (4) to the outside of the second loading cylinder (5); then fill the activated CO eliminator particles A, CO eliminator particles B and CO eliminator particles C into the inside of the first loading cylinder (4), the second loading cylinder (5) and the third loading cylinder (6) according to the predetermined requirements; then, install the CO elimination mechanism (1) into the movable cylinder (11) in the movable fixing mechanism (2); Step 2: Filling the blast holes (58) at the blasting site; S21: Transport multiple CO elimination devices (55) and multiple filling devices (54) to the work site; S22: Pull the push rod (52) outward to move the front push plate (47) and the rear push plate (48) along the sleeve (44) away from the push groove (46) so that the channel in the push groove (46) is emptied; S23: First, install the multi-section explosive (57) of the appropriate size in sequence at the front of the channel in the pusher groove (46), and make the detonating cord (51) connecting the multi-section explosive (57) pass through the pusher structure (45) through a pair of wire through slots (56) and extend to the outside of the borehole (58). Then, install the CO elimination device (55) in the middle of the channel in the pusher groove (46) and install the blockage (59) in the rear of the channel in the pusher groove (46). S24: Push the push-pull rod (52) inward, and push the blockage (59), CO elimination device (55) and multi-section explosive (57) towards the bottom of the hole through the front push plate (47) and the rear push plate (48); During this process, the rear end plate (34) of the pressure relief mechanism (3) in the CO elimination device (55) is pushed towards the bottom of the hole by the thrust. After the third elastic component (40) is subjected to force, it is compressed and pushes the movable cylinder (11) to move towards the bottom of the hole. The fixing pin (28) passing through the support rod (19) extends outward under the drive of the movable cylinder (11) and is quickly anchored into the hole wall of the blast hole (58) under the limiting action of the limiting baffle (29). At this time, the first elastic component (35), the second elastic component (36) and the third elastic component (40) are all in a compressed state. Step 3: In-situ CO removal operation by blasting; S31: After all the blast holes (58) have been filled, connect the blasting network, evacuate the workers to the outside of the safe area, and detonate the explosives (57). S32: At the moment of the explosion of the explosive (57), the generated detonation gas impacts the front plate (32); during this process, the explosion impact force received by the CO elimination device (55) as a whole is buffered by multiple second elastic components (36) and multiple third elastic components (40), and the impact force received by the movable cylinder (11) is further buffered by multiple first elastic components (35), the second support plate (18) which slides with the movable cylinder (11), and multiple fixing pins (28) anchored into the hole wall; Simultaneously, the detonation gas sequentially enters the interior of the movable cylinder (11) through several through holes six (41) on the front end plate (32), several through holes one (20) and several through holes four (23) on the first support plate (17), several through holes three (37) and several through holes five (38) on the connecting cover (33), several through holes one on the main cylinder (12) and several through holes two on the fixed end cover (13), and interacts with the first charging cylinder (4), the second charging cylinder (5) and the third charging cylinder. The material cylinder (6) makes full contact, and then the CO eliminator particles A, CO eliminator particles B and CO eliminator particles C inside the first material cylinder (4), the second material cylinder (5) and the third material cylinder (6) fully act on the CO in the gas to achieve efficient CO elimination in the gas. The gas after CO elimination flows to the orifice direction through several through holes three (16) on the movable end cover (14) and several through holes seven (42) on the rear end plate (34). Step 4: Recovery of the CO elimination device (55); S41: After the blasting operation is completed, under the action of the impact force, the CO elimination device (55) is thrown along with the rubble and falls into the space area behind the blasting; the space area behind the blasting is irradiated by a special light source, and the components with reflective light are collected one by one and stored in the collection bucket. S42: Dry the recovered parts as a whole, then take out the CO eliminator particles from each loading cylinder in the CO elimination mechanism (1), and perform thermal activation treatment on the CO eliminator particles to achieve the reuse of the CO elimination device (55) and CO eliminator particles.

10. A method for in-situ CO removal from blasting boreholes according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step one, the soaking time in S12 is 15-30 min, the drying and curing time in S13 is 4-8 h, and the drying temperature is 50-120℃; in step four, the drying temperature in S42 is 51-120℃, and the drying time is 1-2 h.

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