A coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system

Abstract

This invention discloses a coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system, comprising a first acquisition module, an analysis module, a feeding module, a second acquisition module, a correction module, and a comparison module. The first acquisition module acquires local images of birds in the monitoring area. The analysis module analyzes the species and number of birds based on these local images. The feeding module provides a fixed amount of food based on the bird species and number. The second acquisition module obtains the amount of food consumed by the feeding module. The correction module is equipped with humidity and temperature sensors to monitor environmental data and correct for the average intake of target birds. The comparison module verifies whether the bird species and number correspond to the consumption of various foods and outputs the monitoring results. This solution addresses the problem of analyzing and processing large amounts of data in existing coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bird monitoring and analysis, specifically a coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system. Background Technology

[0002] Coastal wetlands are transitional zones where terrestrial and marine ecosystems intersect. Monitoring of birds in coastal wetlands primarily focuses on birds that live, breed, or migrate within these ecosystems, including waterbirds, forest birds, and marine birds. Monitoring the species, numbers, distribution, and migration patterns of these birds helps to understand the health status and ecological functions of coastal wetlands.

[0003] Existing coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring technologies primarily rely on deep learning algorithms to preprocess and extract features from bird images and sound data acquired in the field, further revealing the birds' physical characteristics. While this approach improves monitoring efficiency, it requires significant investment of time, funding, and technical support, and the application of deep learning algorithms necessitates extensive pre-training with large amounts of bird data. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system capable of addressing the challenge of processing and analyzing massive amounts of data in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system that can solve the problem of processing and analyzing large amounts of data in existing technologies, thereby reducing the cost of monitoring.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system includes: a first data acquisition module, an analysis module, a feeding module, a second data acquisition module, a correction module, and a comparison module;

[0007] The first acquisition module is used to acquire local images of birds in the monitored area;

[0008] The analysis module is used to analyze the species and number of birds based on local images of birds;

[0009] The feeding module is used to feed birds in fixed quantities according to their species and number.

[0010] The second data acquisition module is used to obtain the consumption of various foods fed to the animal.

[0011] The correction module is equipped with humidity and temperature sensors to monitor environmental data and correct for the average intake of the target birds.

[0012] The comparison module is used to verify whether the species and number of birds correspond to the consumption of various foods provided, and outputs the monitoring results.

[0013] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This solution acquires partial images of birds through the first acquisition module. Compared with manual identification technology or deep learning algorithms that use complete bird images to obtain the species and number of birds, this system only needs to acquire partial images of birds for identification and counting, which greatly reduces the amount of bird data required and saves computing resources. At the same time, the camera can perform long-term uninterrupted monitoring, saving manpower monitoring costs.

[0015] 2. This solution uses a feeding module to provide targeted and quantitative food to the target birds. By calculating the consumption of various types of food and comparing it with the results of the analysis module, the solution verifies whether the results obtained by the analysis module are consistent with the actual situation and ensures the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0016] 3. This plan can assess the health status of birds in coastal wetlands by monitoring their food consumption, thus providing important scientific evidence for the ecological protection and management of the area. By quantitatively feeding these ecologically valuable birds, their healthy growth can be promoted, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of the coastal wetland's ecological environment.

[0017] Beneficial effects of each unit

[0018] 1. The first acquisition module is equipped with a camera that can acquire continuous images of birds perched on the feeder while feeding, and selects the non-overlapping images of the bird's head as local images of the bird. The local images include images of the bird's head and / or beak.

[0019] Beneficial effects: By acquiring continuous images through a camera, it is possible to avoid the overlap of multiple birds in a single bird image, which could affect the judgment of the analysis module. Furthermore, images of the bird's head and beak have relatively easy-to-identify and extract biological features, making them representative and providing a basis for classification and identification by the analysis module.

[0020] 2. The camera is also used to collect information on the feeding behavior of non-target birds and send this information to the second acquisition module.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By monitoring the feeding situation in the feeding trough with a camera, when other non-target birds enter the feeding trough to feed, the feeding situation of other birds can be obtained in a timely manner, and the data can be pushed to the correction module to avoid the impact of changes in the weight of birdseed by other omnivorous birds on the accuracy of subsequent verification results.

[0022] 3. The feeding module uses a feeder to quantitatively feed the food. The feeder includes a feeding trough and a recording unit; a sunshade is installed on the central support column of the feeding trough; and a recording unit with a pressure sensor is installed at the bottom to obtain information from the pressure sensor on changes in the weight of the food fed into the feeding trough.

[0023] Beneficial effects: This solution, by installing a sunshade above the feeder, can prevent direct sunlight and rain from affecting birds' feeding. The required amount of bird food is manually placed into the feeding trough according to the different bird habits and preset weights. After the target birds eat and leave, the weight of the bird food in the feeding trough gradually decreases. The recording unit obtains the amount of bird food consumed through information collected by pressure sensors.

[0024] 4. The recording unit of the feeding module collects information from the pressure sensor every preset time interval, which is set according to the living habits of birds.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Collecting data at preset intervals helps ensure the continuity and consistency of data collection, reduces omissions, and facilitates analysis and interpretation. Different birds have different living habits, which affects their feeding frequency. Some birds may feed multiple times a day, while others may feed only once every so often. Setting the collection frequency according to their feeding habits helps to obtain more accurate information about the birds' feeding behavior.

[0026] 5. The second acquisition module is equipped with a correction module; it is used to analyze the target bird images acquired by the first module, determine the size of the birds from the images, and correct the average intake of the target birds based on the bird's body shape.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Birds of the same species may have different food intakes due to differences in body size. Larger birds tend to consume more food. Therefore, by correcting the average intake of target birds of different body sizes using the correction module, the verification results of the comparison module can be made closer to the actual situation and more accurate.

[0028] 6. Humidity and temperature sensors are also installed on the sunshade to obtain temperature and humidity information of the survey area and push the information to the correction module to determine the impact of the monitoring area environment on the food intake of the target birds and correct the average intake of the target birds.

[0029] Beneficial effects: Birds' feeding is affected by seasons and weather. By collecting and detecting the temperature and humidity of the detection area in real time, the average intake of birds can be adjusted in a timely manner, avoiding changes in the target birds' feeding amount due to environmental changes, which could affect the verification results of the final comparison module and further improve the authenticity of the comparison module.

[0030] 7. The comparison module determines whether the bird species and quantity correspond to the consumption of various foods by comparing the data from the first and second collection modules. The method is as follows: obtain bird species information; obtain the average intake of the corresponding birds; obtain the total intake of the corresponding birds from the comprehensive analysis module based on the number of corresponding birds; and then compare the total intake with the consumption collected by the second collection module to determine whether the total intake and consumption correspond.

[0031] Beneficial effects: Due to the complex and variable nature of the field environment, the accuracy of collected data becomes unpredictable. Setting up a comparison module helps to comprehensively analyze the data collected by each module of this invention, further improving the accuracy of monitoring data. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the feeder.

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0039] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: feeding tray 1, sunshade 2, support column 3, camera 4, feeding trough 101, pressure sensor 102, temperature sensor 5, and humidity sensor 6.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The basics are as follows: Figure 1-3 As shown:

[0042] A coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system includes: a first data acquisition module, an analysis module, a feeding module, a second data acquisition module, a correction module, and a comparison module.

[0043] The first acquisition module uses a camera to capture continuous images of birds perched on the feeder while feeding. It selects non-overlapping images of bird heads as partial images, such as head, beak, wing color, and tail feather shape, to facilitate the extraction of biological characteristics for bird species identification. The analysis module then uses machine learning algorithms, such as support vector machines, decision trees, and random forests, to perform preliminary identification and filtering of the partial bird images, thereby extracting the bird species and quantity. Since the acquired data mainly consists of partial images of birds rather than complete images, fewer features need to be extracted, resulting in less computational power required.

[0044] The feeding module is used to feed birds a fixed amount of food according to their species and number. The required bird food is manually placed into the feeder, which includes a feeding tray 1 and a recording unit. The feeding tray 1 has a feeding trough 101 for holding the bird food. A pressure sensor 102 is bolted to the bottom of the feeding trough 101 to record changes in the weight of the bird food. A support column 3 is welded to the center of the feeding trough, and a sunshade 2 is welded to the top of the support column 3 to prevent the feeding trough from being exposed to direct sunlight and rain, thus protecting the birds from eating. The recording unit collects information from the pressure sensor 102 at preset intervals. The preset intervals are set according to the birds' habits, specifically the collection frequency, which is set based on the birds' feeding frequency.

[0045] The second data acquisition module is used to obtain the consumption of various types of bird food. A type of bird food is placed in each feeder, and the consumption of each type of bird food is determined based on the data recorded by the recording unit on each feeder and the initial amount placed.

[0046] The comparison module compares the data from the first and second acquisition modules to verify whether the bird species and numbers correspond to the consumption of various foods, and outputs the monitoring results. Specific steps include: acquiring bird species information; obtaining the average intake of the corresponding bird species; comprehensively analyzing the number of corresponding birds to determine the total intake of the corresponding birds; then comparing the total intake with the consumption data collected by the second acquisition module to determine if they correspond. If the total intake and consumption correspond, i.e., the data are approximately equal, the monitoring results are output. Conversely, if the total intake and consumption do not correspond, local images of the birds are re-acquired through the first acquisition module.

[0047] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0048] This embodiment uses pelicans and white cranes as examples. When the first acquisition module (specifically a telephoto camera) acquires images of pelicans and white cranes appearing in the frame at time A, the first acquisition module simultaneously acquires images within 5 minutes prior to time A, and uses images where the head and beak are not obscured as partial bird images. The analysis module identifies pelicans and white cranes from the partial bird images; for example, there may be 80 pelicans and 50 white cranes in the partial bird images. Then, feeders were manually placed in the monitoring area, in locations frequently visited by pelicans and Siberian cranes. Food was added to the feeders according to the needs of the pelicans and Siberian cranes. The Siberian cranes' diet consisted of stems and tubers of plants such as *Vallisneria natans*, *Potamogeton crispus*, *Carex esculenta*, and water chestnuts. The pelicans' diet consisted of crustaceans, mollusks, and various types of fish. The feed was provided in fixed quantities according to their daily intake. For example, a single Siberian crane needs 0.49-0.74 kg of food per day, a single pelican needs 1.5-2.5 kg, 80 pelicans need 120-200 kg, and 50 Siberian cranes need 24.5-37 kg. Then, 50 kg (the quantitative standard is greater than the total intake of birds in the partial bird image, the same below) of stems and tubers of plants such as *Vallisneria natans*, *Potamogeton crispus*, *Carex esculenta*, and water chestnuts, and 250 kg of crustaceans, mollusks, and various types of fish were placed in feeding trough 101 as food. When the cranes and pelicans feed at their respective feeders, pressure sensor 102 detects changes in the mass of the food in the feeding trough 101. After the cranes and pelicans finish feeding, recording unit A in the crane feeder records information a from pressure sensor 102 at that time. Recording unit B in the pelican feeder records information b from pressure sensor 102 at that time.

[0049] The second data acquisition module determines the food consumption of white cranes and pelicans by collecting data a and b. The data for white cranes is 50-a, and for pelicans it is 250-b. Then, the comparison module compares the data. If 50-a equals the average intake of 50 white cranes and 250-b equals the average intake of 80 pelicans (this equality represents an ideal situation; in reality, the difference between the two is within a certain range), then the monitoring results are accurate, and the monitoring results are output. Otherwise, the data is collected again.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] The only difference from the above embodiment is that a camera 4 is bolted to the bottom of the sunshade 2. The camera 4 can capture the feeding behavior of non-target birds and send this information to the second acquisition module. The sunshade 2 is also equipped with a humidity sensor 6 for acquiring humidity parameters and a temperature sensor 5 for acquiring temperature parameters. The correction module analyzes the humidity and temperature information to determine the impact of the current environment on the target birds' feeding amount, and corrects the average intake of the target birds based on this parameter. Simultaneously, the correction module also needs to determine the size of the birds in the captured images and correct the average intake of the birds based on this parameter.

[0052] In specific implementation: For example, when the white cranes are feeding, other birds enter the white cranes' feeders to eat. At this time, camera 4 will collect the feeding situation of other birds in the feeding trough 101. The comparison module supplements the weight changes caused by non-white cranes eating based on the feeding situation of other birds. For example, if other birds eat the stems and tubers of plants such as Vallisneria natans, Potamogeton crispus, Sedge, and Water Chestnut with a weight of N, the comparison module will add N to 50-a before comparison, thereby reducing the interference of other birds.

[0053] For example, during monitoring, the correction module obtains the temperature and humidity data at that time through the humidity sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 5, and determines that the appetite of the white crane is affected under the temperature and speed, resulting in a decrease in the amount of food consumed by the white crane. The correction module adds an influence coefficient λ to the average intake M of the white crane according to the degree of influence. That is, when the final comparison module compares, 50-a is compared with 50*M*λ, where M∈0,1.

[0054] Meanwhile, while the white cranes are feeding, camera 4 captures their size to determine their food intake. The larger the crane, the more it eats. The correction module introduces size coefficients β1 and β2 based on their size. For example, if camera 4 captures 10 cranes that are relatively large (compared to the average size of white cranes) and 10 cranes that are relatively small (i.e., juveniles), the final comparison module will compare 50-a with 10*M*β1+10*M*β2+30*M*λ, where β1∈0,1 and β2∈1,2.

[0055] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and / or characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system, characterized in that: include: The system comprises a first data acquisition module, an analysis module, a feeding module, a second data acquisition module, a correction module, and a comparison module. The first acquisition module is used to acquire local images of birds in the monitored area; The analysis module is used to analyze the species and number of birds based on local images of birds; The feeding module is used to quantitatively feed birds according to their species and number. The feeding module uses a feeder to quantitatively feed the birds. The feeder includes a feeding tray and a recording unit. The feeding tray has a feeding trough, and a pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the feeding trough. A support column is installed in the center of the feeding trough, and a sunshade is installed on the top of the support column. The recording unit is used to acquire information from the pressure sensor and record the weight changes in the feeding trough. The second data acquisition module is used to obtain the consumption of various foods fed to the animal. The correction module is used to acquire images of the target birds captured by the camera, determine the size of the target birds from the images, and correct the average intake of the target birds based on the size of the target birds. The comparison module is used to verify whether the species and number of birds correspond to the consumption of various foods provided, and outputs the monitoring results; The comparison module determines whether the bird species and number correspond to the consumption of various foods by: obtaining bird species information; obtaining the average intake of the corresponding birds; obtaining the corresponding bird species from the comprehensive analysis module and obtaining the total intake of the corresponding birds; and then comparing the total intake with the consumption collected by the second collection module to determine whether the total intake and consumption correspond. The sunshade is also equipped with a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor. The humidity sensor is used to obtain humidity information of the monitoring area, and the temperature sensor is used to obtain temperature information of the monitoring area. The correction module is also used to obtain humidity and temperature information, determine the impact of the current environment of the monitoring area on the food intake of the target birds, and correct the average intake of the target birds based on the impact of the current environment of the monitoring area on the target birds.

2. The coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A camera is installed at the bottom of the sunshade. The camera is used to collect information on the feeding behavior of non-target birds and send the information to the second collection module.

3. The coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bird partial images include images of the bird's head and / or beak.

4. The coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The recording unit collects information from the pressure sensor every preset time interval.

5. The coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset time is set according to the living habits of birds.

6. The coastal wetland bird ecological monitoring and analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the first acquisition module acquires a local image of a bird, it also acquires consecutive images before and after the time point of the local image, and selects the images in which the bird's head does not overlap as the local image of the bird.

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