Multifunctional film mulching seeder

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of film mulching seeder, especially relates to a multifunctional film mulching seeder, comprising a tracked vehicle head, a fixing frame is fixed to the tail of the tracked vehicle head, two supporting wheels are symmetrically installed on the tail of the fixing frame, and a traction frame is hinged to the middle part of the fixing frame and swings up and down at the rear end under the drive of a hydraulic cylinder. The land leveling mechanism, the film cutting mechanism for cutting and lifting the cut head of the film, and the two soil covering mechanisms for covering the cut head of the film are driven by only one hydraulic cylinder in the present application instead of the additional hydraulic equipment, so that the equipment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of mulching seeders, and particularly relates to a multifunctional mulching seeder. Background Technology

[0002] Mulching has the functions of increasing soil temperature, inhibiting soil temperature, improving fertilizer utilization and preventing fertilizer loss, improving soil physical properties, conserving water and moisture and increasing light effect.

[0003] Currently, all existing mulching seeders on the market have the functions of mulching, covering with soil, and sowing. During mulching, the entire bundle of mulch film needs to be hung on the film-hanging mechanism. A tractor pulls the main frame, and one person pulls out the end of the film, then covers it with soil to secure it. The tractor then starts laying the film, automatically covering both edges with soil during the process. Sowing is also done automatically during mulching. After one section is laid, a person following behind cuts the film and covers the end with soil, then repeats the process to lay and sow the next section. However, during the mulching and sowing process, the equipment cannot automatically cut the film, requiring manual labor, which is labor-intensive and inefficient.

[0004] The published application number "201711267467.2" for "A Fully Automatic Fertilizer-Planting-Sowing Integrated Machine" can solve the above problems. However, in the "A Fully Automatic Fertilizer-Planting-Sowing Integrated Machine" with application number "201711267467.2", the film-cutting mechanism used to cut the mulch film and the film-clamping mechanism used to clamp the cut head of the mulch film are both controlled by a separate dedicated hydraulic cylinder as the drive structure, resulting in high equipment cost.

[0005] The soil storage bin in the "Fully Automatic Fertilizer, Film Laying and Seeding Integrated Machine" with application number "201711267467.2" continues to transport soil upwards after storing a certain amount of soil. Although the excess soil that continues to be transported upwards will be transferred to the two sides of the film by covering it with soil, this process will cause serious dust, and the various operating structures of the equipment will be covered with soil, which will affect the operating effect.

[0006] In addition, existing mulching seeders are only suitable for laying mulch film of standard width and covering the edges with soil, and cannot lay wider or narrower mulch film or cover the edges with soil. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, this invention discloses a multifunctional film-mulching seeder, which is implemented using the following technical solution.

[0008] A multi-functional mulching seeder includes a tracked tractor head. A fixed frame is fixedly mounted at the rear of the tracked tractor head. Two support wheels are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the rear of the fixed frame. A traction frame, driven by a hydraulic cylinder, is hinged to the middle of the fixed frame, allowing it to swing up and down at its rear end. Two symmetrical mulching mechanisms are mounted on a second crossbar at the movable end of the traction frame. These two mulching mechanisms are used to lay mulch film onto the ground surface and cover the edges and center of the mulch film with soil. A first support leg is located at the middle of the second crossbar. Two first pressing rollers, which rotatably contact the mulch film, are mounted on the lower end of the first support leg. The rims of the first pressing rollers are circumferentially... The frame is equipped with several spikes. Two sowing mechanisms are mounted on the first crossbar at the rear of the fixed frame. Each sowing mechanism corresponds to a mulching mechanism in front. The mulching mechanism is connected to the corresponding sowing mechanism via a pulling mechanism. The two sowing mechanisms are used to puncture the mulch film on both sides for sowing. A winding disc is rotatably mounted above the fixed frame, and a film dripping tube is wound on the winding disc. The movable end of the film dripping tube is positioned below the center of the mulch film under the guidance of a guide sleeve. A film-cutting mechanism is installed on the fixed frame, located between the mulching mechanism and the sowing mechanism. The film-cutting mechanism is used to cut the mulch film and the film dripping tube. After cutting the mulch film and drip irrigation pipes, the cut ends of the mulch film and drip irrigation pipes are lifted off the ground. Two soil covering mechanisms are installed on the fixing frame. These mechanisms quantitatively collect soil from both sides of the fixing frame and store it above the front and rear sides of the film-cutting mechanism, respectively. The soil above the rear side of the film-cutting mechanism is triggered to fall when the film-cutting mechanism cuts the mulch film and drip irrigation pipes. The soil above the front side of the film-cutting mechanism is triggered to fall after the covering mechanism is lowered to the ground by the traction frame. A leveling mechanism is installed at the front end of the fixing frame. This leveling mechanism is used to level the ground surface before laying the mulch film and to create water-retaining trenches on the ground corresponding to the middle of the mulch film. The leveling mechanism, the two soil covering mechanisms, the two sowing mechanisms, and the film cutting mechanism are all mechanically linked to the traction frame by hydraulic cylinders. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the fixed frame and the second support on the traction frame. The hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder and the fixed frame is located in front of the hinge point between the traction frame and the fixed frame. The winding disc is installed on the disc shaft, and the disc shaft is installed in the slot on the first support. The first support is fixed to the fixed frame. The film roll is installed on the film roll shaft, and the two ends of the film roll shaft are inserted into the slots of the two film covering mechanisms. Nuts are threaded to both ends of the film roll shaft, and the nuts are used to position the film roll shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the film covering mechanism includes a first sliding sleeve, which is fitted onto a second crossbar. A bolt is threaded into the threaded hole on the wall of the first sliding sleeve. A first bracket is mounted on the first sliding sleeve, and the first bracket has a slot for mounting the film roll. A second pressing wheel, which contacts the corresponding edge of the mulch film, is mounted on the side end of the first sliding sleeve via a second support leg. A fourth guide sleeve is mounted on the first sliding sleeve, and a third support leg is installed inside the fourth guide sleeve. The lower end of the third support leg is connected to a first scraper plate via a shaped connecting rod. The first scraper plate is used to cover the corresponding edge of the mulch film with soil from the rear outside of the second pressing wheel. A bolt is threaded into the threaded hole on the wall of the fourth guide sleeve. Two swing arms are hinged to the first sliding sleeve. The first sliding sleeve is equipped with... The first limiting rod cooperates with the swing arm. The movable ends of the two swing arms are respectively rotatably connected to the Y-frames at both ends of the roller. The roller and the first scraper are laterally opposite. Three coaxial spiral blades are arranged in the inner circumference of the roller. The fifth guide sleeve and the sixth guide sleeve are installed on the first bracket. The fourth support leg is installed in the fifth guide sleeve. The second scraper is installed at the lower end of the fourth support leg. The threaded hole on the wall of the fifth guide sleeve is threaded with a bolt. The second scraper is located in front of the slot and is opposite to the second pressing wheel. The fifth support leg is installed in the sixth guide sleeve. The third scraper is installed at the lower end of the fifth support leg. The threaded hole on the wall of the sixth guide sleeve is threaded with a bolt. The third scraper is located inside the second scraper and is opposite to the corresponding side sowing mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, a rack is installed on the first sliding sleeve, and the rack meshes with the fourth gear on the second crossbar. The rack slides within the third guide sleeve on the adjacent first sliding sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism includes a herringbone-shaped guide plate with a shovel head on the lower middle side of the guide plate. Two symmetrically distributed racks of the second type are fixedly mounted on the rear side of the guide plate. The racks of the second type slide vertically within the guide sleeve of the front end of the fixed frame and mesh with the gear of the first type on the fixed frame. The gear of the second type on the shaft of the gear of the first type meshes with the gear of the third type on the fixed frame. The sprocket of the first type on the shaft of the third type is connected to the sprocket of the second type fixed on the traction frame via a chain. The sprocket of the second type is coaxial with the hinge shaft of the traction frame and the fixed frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the pitch circle diameter of the first gear is greater than that of the second gear, the transmission ratio between the second gear and the third gear is greater than 1, and the pitch circle diameter of the first sprocket is smaller than that of the second sprocket. This ensures that the guide arc plate and the shovel head in the leveling mechanism have a large distance from the ground surface after being swung on the traction frame, so as not to affect the movement of the invention when sowing without mulching.

[0013] Furthermore, the soil covering mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, which is parallel to the axis of the support wheel. The first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in a first rotating seat on one side of the fixed frame. A long strip-shaped side plate is installed on the first rotating shaft. A second spring connects the side plate to the vertical rod on the corresponding side of the fixed frame, causing the lower end of the side plate to swing downwards. Two second swing-limiting blocks are provided on the fixed frame to limit the swing amplitude of the side plate. Two transmission rollers are installed on the side plate via roller shafts. A transmission belt is installed on the two transmission rollers. The transmission belt has evenly distributed convex strips parallel to the roller shafts. The roller shafts are connected to a motor on the side plate. A shovel plate is installed at the lower end of the side plate. A soil storage box is connected to the side plate via a second bracket. The soil storage box is located above the front or rear side of the membrane breaking mechanism. The upper side wall of the soil storage box is provided with a first guide groove to guide the soil falling from the upper end of the conveyor belt to the soil storage box. The bottom of the soil storage box is hinged to a bottom cover by two hinge pins parallel to the axis of the support wheel. The bottom cover is fixed to the hinge pins. Side rods and a first lever are respectively installed on the hinge pins on both sides of the bottom cover. A first spring and a damper are connected between the side rods and the side wall of the soil storage box. A second lever is correspondingly matched with the first lever. The second lever is hinged to a third bracket installed on the traction frame. A spiral spring is connected between the second lever and the third bracket. A first limit block that cooperates with the second lever is provided on the third bracket.

[0014] Furthermore, the two ends of the damper are respectively hinged to the side rod and the side wall of the soil storage box, the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the first rotating sleeve hinged on the side rod and the soil storage box, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the first rotating sleeve hinged on the vertical rod and the side plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the sowing mechanism includes a second sliding sleeve, which is fitted onto a first crossbar at the tail of the fixed frame. A telescopic rod is hinged between the second sliding sleeve and the corresponding first sliding sleeve. Two third rotating seats are provided on the second sliding sleeve. A second rotating shaft, parallel to the axis of the second pressing wheel, is installed within each of the two third rotating seats. The second rotating shaft can rotate circumferentially and slide axially within the third rotating seats. The second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a second rotating seat on the first crossbar. Two slip rings are slidably mounted on the second rotating shaft. The two slip rings are located on both sides of the two No. 3 rotating seats and are in contact with the No. 3 rotating seats. The inner wall of the slip ring has two guide bars. The guide bars slide in the No. 2 guide groove on the No. 2 rotating shaft. The two slip rings are connected to the No. 4 bracket. The No. 4 bracket is equipped with a seeder that is opposite to the front and rear of the corresponding No. 3 scraper. The tail of the No. 4 bracket is hinged to the No. 5 bracket. The movable end of the No. 5 bracket is equipped with pressure rollers that are corresponding to the front and rear of the seeder. The No. 4 bracket is equipped with a No. 2 limit rod to limit the swing amplitude of the No. 5 bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, the membrane-breaking mechanism includes a third crossbar, with two symmetrically distributed sleeves installed at both ends of the third crossbar. An inner rod slides vertically within each sleeve, and a third spring is installed inside the sleeve to reset the inner rod. The lower end of the inner rod has a hoop, and a negative pressure pipe connected to a negative pressure pump is installed in each of the two hoops. Suction holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the negative pressure pipe, and a fourth spring is fitted onto the negative pressure pipe. The two ends of the fourth spring are respectively connected to the two hoops. Two symmetrically distributed guide rods are installed on the third crossbar, and the guide rods slide within a first guide sleeve on the fixed frame. A third rack is installed on the third crossbar, and the third rack connects to the guide sleeve installed on the first crossbar. The fifth gear of the rod meshes with the sixth gear on the shaft where the fifth gear is located, which meshes with the seventh gear on the first crossbar. The seventh gear meshes with the eighth gear on the second rotating shaft. The third crossbar is connected to the fifth crossbar via the second right-angle rod. Two pull rods are symmetrically hinged at both ends of the fifth crossbar. A pneumatic rod is hinged between the pull rods and the fifth crossbar. An electric heating wire is connected between the lower ends of the two pull rods. The electric heating wire is located behind the negative pressure tube. The two inner rods are connected via the fourth crossbar. The fourth crossbar is connected to the plate base via the first right-angle rod. The plate base is located in front of the negative pressure tube. Pins are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the plate base, and barbs are provided on the pins.

[0017] The ratio of the pitch circle diameter of the sixth gear to that of the fifth gear is less than 1. The seventh gear meshes with the eighth gear on the second rotating shaft. The transmission ratio of the eighth gear to the sixth gear is less than 1. This ensures that the film-cutting mechanism is at a large distance from the ground when it is working on the ground under the film-covering mechanism and the seeding mechanism, without affecting the movement of the invention. At the same time, it ensures that the film-cutting mechanism can quickly cut the film when it leaves the ground on the film-covering mechanism and the seeding mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the traction mechanism includes a third support and a fourth support, which are respectively installed on a first sliding sleeve and a second sliding sleeve. A first pulley and a second pulley are installed on the fourth support. A steel wire rope is wound around the first pulley and the second pulley in an S-shape. A second rotating sleeve is installed at both ends of the steel wire rope. The two second rotating sleeves are respectively rotatably mounted on the fourth support and the third support.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention integrates mulching and sowing, saving labor and effectively improving the efficiency of mulching and sowing.

[0020] 2. The film covering mechanism in this invention can install film rolls of different widths and effectively cover the two sides of the film of different widths with soil.

[0021] 3. The leveling mechanism, the film cutting mechanism that cuts the mulch film and lifts the cut head of the mulch film, and the two soil covering mechanisms that cover the cut head of the mulch film in this invention are driven by only one hydraulic cylinder in this invention, rather than by additional hydraulic equipment, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing equipment costs.

[0022] 4. In this invention, the electric heating wire in the film-cutting mechanism replaces the cutting blade in the prior art to cut the mulch film and the thin-film dripping pipe. The electric heating wire makes it easier to cut the mulch film and the thin-film dripping pipe completely without the "interlocking threads" situation, resulting in higher film-cutting efficiency. The negative pressure tube and the insertion pin in the film-cutting mechanism can lift the cut head of the mulch film and the thin-film dripping pipe, preventing the ends of the drain pipe and the mulch film from drooping on the ground and being caught by straw or angular soil clods during the transfer of the invention to the next row, thus avoiding tearing.

[0023] 5. This invention uses two soil-covering mechanisms to cover the initial and final ends of the mulch film and the drip irrigation pipes on the ridges, effectively fixing the initial ends of the mulch film and drip irrigation pipes at the beginning of the mulch film laying process. This saves labor and improves the efficiency of mulching. At the same time, the soil-covering of the initial and final ends of the mulch film and drip irrigation pipes ensures that the mulch film on each ridge is completely covered and compacted with soil, further achieving the purpose of retaining moisture in the ridges under the mulch film. In addition, the soil-covering mechanism will not continue to transport soil upwards after storing a certain amount of soil, avoiding a large amount of dust.

[0024] 6. In the mulching mechanism of this invention, during the mulching process, two No. 1 scraper blades effectively cover the soil on both sides of the mulch film while two rollers cover the middle of the mulch film with soil, ensuring that the laid mulch film is more stable and will not be blown away by strong winds. The two No. 2 scraper blades in the mulching mechanism can scrape grooves in the soil below the sides of the mulch film, so that the soil scraped by the No. 1 scraper blades on both sides of the mulch film is pressed into the grooves, ensuring that the mulch film is laid more stably. At the same time, the two No. 1 pressing rollers in the middle of the traction frame will pierce uniform holes in the middle of the mulch film, which is conducive to rainwater seeping into the soil under the mulch film through the holes and irrigating and moistening the soil under the mulch film to a certain extent.

[0025] 7. The leveling mechanism in this invention can properly level the surface soil before covering with film, which facilitates leveling the film. Excess soil from leveling the surface is guided by two guide arc plates to the conveyor belts of the two covering mechanisms and then transported to the soil storage box, preventing it from accumulating under the tracked vehicle head. At the same time, the shovel head in the middle of the two guide arc plates in the leveling mechanism forms a trench on the surface covered by the film in the middle, which facilitates the compaction of the film in the middle by the soil from the two rollers into the trench and forms a barrier on the trench wall. This allows rainwater to accumulate in the trench and seep into the soil below the film through the holes pierced by the first pressing wheel in the middle of the film.

[0026] 8. In this invention, the two No. 3 scraper blades of the film covering mechanism will scrape the dry soil on the ground surface corresponding to the two sowing mechanisms to ensure that the soil to be sown under the film is in a moist state, and to ensure that the seeds sown in the soil have a high-moisture growth environment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall side sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an overall top sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the film covering mechanism, film cutting mechanism, and seeding mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing frame and traction frame structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the No. 1 pressure roller structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the film covering mechanism and the corresponding seeding mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission connection between the film covering mechanism and the corresponding sowing mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the roller of the coating mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking structure of the third support leg of the coating mechanism in this invention; Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the coating mechanism in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the spacing adjustment structure of the two coating mechanisms in this invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the film roll installed on the film coating mechanism in this invention; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission connection between the leveling mechanism and the traction frame in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the guide arc plate structure of the flat ground mechanism in this invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the two soil covering mechanisms in this invention; Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor belt structure of the soil covering mechanism in this invention; Figure 18 This is a partial schematic diagram of the conveyor belt of the soil covering mechanism in this invention; Figure 19 This is a partial schematic diagram of the soil covering mechanism in this invention; Figure 20This is a schematic diagram of the soil storage box structure of the soil covering mechanism in this invention; Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of the triggering structure of the front soil covering mechanism in this invention; Figure 22 This is a cross-sectional view of the triggering structure of the rear soil covering mechanism in this invention; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the resetting structure of the soil covering mechanism in this invention; Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the interrupted membrane mechanism of the present invention; Figure 25 This is a cross-sectional view of the membrane interruption mechanism of the present invention; Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion pin of the membrane breaking mechanism of the present invention; Figure 27 This is a cross-sectional view of the telescopic rod of the interrupted membrane mechanism of the present invention; Figure 28 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission connection between the interrupted film mechanism and the seeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 29 This is a cross-sectional view of the second rotating shaft of the seeding mechanism in this invention engaging with the slip ring on the fourth support. Labels in the diagram: 1. Tracked cab; 2. Fixed frame; 3. Vertical bar; 4. First horizontal bar; 5. First guide sleeve; 6. First support; 7. Slot; 8. Second guide sleeve; 9. First swivel; 10. Traction frame; 11. Second horizontal bar; 12. Second support; 13. Hydraulic cylinder; 14. Guide sleeve; 15. First outrigger; 17. First pressure roller; 18. Spike; 19. Support wheel; 20. Film covering mechanism; 2001. No. 1 sliding sleeve; 2002. No. 1 rack; 2003. No. 3 guide sleeve; 2004. No. 1 bracket; 2005. Slot; 2006. No. 2 support leg; 2007. No. 2 film pressing wheel; 2008. No. 4 guide sleeve; 2009. No. 3 support leg; 2010. Connecting rod; 2011. No. 1 scraper blade; 2012. Swing rod; 2013. Y-frame; 2014. Roller; 2015. Spiral blade; 2016. No. 1 limit rod; 2017. No. 5 guide sleeve; 2018. No. 4 support leg; 2019. No. 2 scraper blade; 2020. No. 6 guide sleeve; 2021. No. 5 support leg; 2022. No. 3 scraper blade; 21. Leveling mechanism; 2101. Rack No. 2; 2102. Guide arc plate; 2103. Shovel head; 2104. Gear No. 1; 2105. Gear No. 2; 2106. Gear No. 3; 2107. Sprocket No. 1; 2108. Chain; 2109. Sprocket No. 2; 22. Disc shaft; 23. Winding disc; 24. Thin-film drip tube; 25. Soil covering mechanism; 2501. No. 1 rotating shaft; 2502. Side plate; 2503. Roller shaft; 2504. Conveyor roller; 2505. Conveyor belt; 2506. Convex bar; 2507. Motor; 2508. Shovel plate; 2509. No. 2 support; 2510. Soil storage box; 2511. No. 1 guide groove; 2512. Bottom cover; 2513. Side rod; 2514. Damper; 2515. No. 1 rotating sleeve; 2516. No. 1 spring; 2517. No. 1 lever; 2518. No. 3 support; 2520. No. 2 lever; 2521. Vortex spring; 2522. No. 1 swing limit block; 2523. No. 2 spring; 2524. No. 2 swing limit block; 26. Membrane roll; 27. Nut; 28. Membrane roll; 29. ​​Mulch film; 30. Pulling mechanism; 3002. Support No. 3; 3003. Rotating sleeve No. 2; 3004. Wire rope; 3005. Pulley No. 1; 3006. Pulley No. 2; 3007. Support No. 4; 31. Seeding mechanism; 3101. No. 2 sliding sleeve; 3102. No. 2 rotating shaft; 3103. No. 4 bracket; 3104. Seeder; 3105. No. 2 limiting rod; 3106. No. 5 bracket; 3107. Pressure roller; 3108. Telescopic rod; 3109. No. 2 rotating seat; 3110. No. 3 rotating seat; 3111. Slip ring; 3112. Guide bar; 3113. No. 2 guide groove; 32. Gear No. 4; 33. Bolt; 34. Membrane cutting mechanism; 3401. No. 3 crossbar; 3402. Guide rod; 3403. Rod sleeve; 3404. Inner rod; 3405. No. 3 spring; 3406. No. 4 crossbar; 3407. Negative pressure tube; 3408. Suction hole; 3409. No. 4 spring; 3410. No. 1 right-angle rod; 3411. Plate base; 3412. Insert pin; 3413. Barb; 3414. No. 2 right-angle rod; 3415. No. 5 crossbar; 3416. Pull rod; 3417. Electric heating wire; 3418. Pneumatic rod; 3419. No. 3 rack; 3420. No. 5 gear; 3421. No. 6 gear; 3422. No. 7 gear; 3423. No. 8 gear. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first," "second," etc., are merely used to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] like Figure 1-29As shown, a multi-functional mulching seeder includes a tracked vehicle head 1. A fixed frame 2 is fixedly mounted at the rear of the tracked vehicle head 1. Two support wheels 19 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the rear of the fixed frame 2. A traction frame 10, driven by a hydraulic cylinder 13, is hinged to the middle of the fixed frame 2. Two symmetrical mulching mechanisms 20 are mounted on the second crossbar 11 at the movable end of the traction frame 10. The two mulching mechanisms 20 are used to lay mulch film 29 onto the ground surface and cover the sides and center of the mulch film 29 with soil. A first support leg 15 is provided at the middle of the second crossbar 11. Two first pressing rollers 17, which rotatably contact the mulch film 29, are rotatably mounted at the lower end of the first support leg 15. The rim of the first pressing rollers 17 is circumferentially decorated with... Several spikes 18 are present. Two sowing mechanisms 31 are installed on the first crossbar 4 at the tail of the fixing frame 2. Each sowing mechanism 31 corresponds to a mulching mechanism 20 in front. The mulching mechanism 20 is connected to the corresponding sowing mechanism 31 via a pulling mechanism 30. The two sowing mechanisms 31 are used to pierce the mulch film 29 on both sides for sowing. A winding disc 23 is rotatably arranged above the fixing frame 2. A film dripping tube 24 is wound on the winding disc 23. The movable end of the film dripping tube 24 is located below the center of the mulch film 29 under the guidance of the guide sleeve 14. A film-cutting mechanism 34 is installed on the fixing frame 2. The film-cutting mechanism 34 is located between the mulching mechanism 20 and the sowing mechanism 31. The film-cutting mechanism 34 is used to cut the mulch film 29 and... After the film dripping pipe 24 cuts the mulch film 29 and the film dripping pipe 24, the cut ends of the mulch film 29 and the film dripping pipe 24 are lifted off the ground. Two soil covering mechanisms 25 are installed on the fixing frame 2. The two soil covering mechanisms 25 respectively take soil from both sides of the fixing frame 2 and store the soil above the front and rear sides of the film cutting mechanism 34. The soil above the rear side of the film cutting mechanism 34 is triggered to fall when the film cutting mechanism 34 cuts the mulch film 29 and the film dripping pipe 24. The soil above the front side of the film cutting mechanism 34 is triggered to fall after the traction frame 10 drives the film covering mechanism 20 to swing down to the ground. The front end of the fixing frame 2 is provided with a leveling mechanism 21. The leveling mechanism 21 is used to level the ground surface before laying the mulch film 29 and open a water storage hole on the ground surface corresponding to the middle of the mulch film. The trench, the leveling mechanism 21, the two soil covering mechanisms 25, the two sowing mechanisms 31, and the film cutting mechanism 34 are all mechanically linked to the traction frame 10 by a hydraulic cylinder 13. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 13 are hinged to the fixed frame 2 and the second support 12 on the traction frame 10, respectively. The hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder 13 and the fixed frame 2 is located in front of the hinge point between the traction frame 10 and the fixed frame 2. The winding disc 23 is mounted on the disc shaft 22, which is installed in the slot 7 on the first support 6. The first support 6 is fixed to the fixed frame 2. The film roll 28 is mounted on the film roll shaft 26, and both ends of the film roll shaft 26 are inserted into the slots 2005 of the two film covering mechanisms 20. Nuts 27 are threaded onto both ends of the film roll shaft 26.The nut 27 is used to position the film roll 26.

[0032] like Figure 7 , 9 As shown in Figures 10 and 12, the film covering mechanism 20 includes a first sliding sleeve 2001, which is fitted onto a second crossbar 11. A bolt 33 is threaded into the threaded hole on the wall of the first sliding sleeve 2001. A first bracket 2004 is mounted on the first sliding sleeve 2001, and a slot 2005 for mounting a film roll 28 is provided on the first bracket 2004. A second pressure roller 2007, which contacts the corresponding edge of the mulch film 29, is mounted on the side end of the first sliding sleeve 2001 via a second support leg 2006. A fourth guide sleeve 2008 is mounted on the first sliding sleeve 2001. A third support leg 2009 is installed inside the guide sleeve 2008. The lower end of the third support leg 2009 is connected to a first scraper 2011 via a non-circular connecting rod 2010. The first scraper 2011 is used to cover the corresponding side edge of the mulch film 29 with soil from the rear outer side of the second pressing roller 2007. A bolt 33 is threaded into the threaded hole on the wall of the fourth guide sleeve 2008. Two swing rods 2012 are hinged to the first sliding sleeve 2001. A first limiting rod 2016 is provided on the first sliding sleeve 2001 to cooperate with the swing rods 2012. The movable ends of the two swing rods 2012 are respectively connected to the two ends of the roller 2014. The Y-frame 2013 is rotatably connected. The roller 2014 is laterally opposite to the first scraper blade 2011. Three coaxial spiral blades 2015 are arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the roller 2014. The first bracket 2004 is equipped with the fifth guide sleeve 2017 and the sixth guide sleeve 2020. The fourth support leg 2018 is installed inside the fifth guide sleeve 2017. The second scraper blade 2019 is installed at the lower end of the fourth support leg 2018. The threaded hole on the wall of the fifth guide sleeve 2017 is threaded with a bolt 33. The second scraper blade 2019 is located in front of and inside the slot 2005 and is aligned with the second pressure roller 2007. Correspondingly, a fifth support leg 2021 is installed inside the sixth guide sleeve 2020, and a third scraper 2022 is installed at the lower end of the fifth support leg 2021. A bolt 33 is threaded into the threaded hole on the wall of the sixth guide sleeve 2020. The third scraper 2022 is located inside the second scraper 2019 and is opposite to the corresponding side seeding mechanism 31. A first rack 2002 is installed on the first sliding sleeve 2001. The first rack 2002 meshes with the fourth gear 32 on the second crossbar 11. The first rack 2002 slides inside the third guide sleeve 2003 on the adjacent first sliding sleeve 2001.

[0033] like Figure 3 , 14As shown in Figure 15, the leveling mechanism 21 includes a herringbone-shaped guide plate 2102. A shovel head 2103 is located on the lower side of the middle portion of the guide plate 2102. Two symmetrically distributed racks 2101 are fixedly mounted on the rear side of the guide plate 2102. The racks 2101 slide vertically within the guide sleeve 8 at the front end of the fixed frame 2 and mesh with the gear 2104 on the fixed frame 2. The gear 2105 on the shaft of the gear 2104 meshes with the gear 2106 on the fixed frame 2. The sprocket 2107 on the shaft of the gear 2106 is connected by a chain 2108. The second sprocket 2109 is fixed on the traction frame 10. The second sprocket 2109 is coaxial with the hinge axis of the traction frame 10 and the fixed frame 2. The pitch circle diameter of the first gear 2104 is larger than that of the second gear 2105. The transmission ratio between the second gear 2105 and the third gear 2106 is greater than 1. The pitch circle diameter of the first sprocket 2107 is smaller than that of the second sprocket 2109. This ensures that the guide arc plate 2102 and the shovel head 2103 in the leveling mechanism 21 have a large distance from the ground surface after being swung on the traction frame 10, so as not to affect the movement of the invention when sowing without mulching.

[0034] like Figure 16-23As shown, the soil covering mechanism 25 includes a first rotating shaft 2501, which is parallel to the axis of the support wheel 19. The first rotating shaft 2501 is rotatably mounted in a first rotating seat 9 on one side of the fixed frame 2. A long strip-shaped side plate 2502 is installed on the first rotating shaft 2501. A second spring 2523 is connected between the side plate 2502 and the vertical rod 3 on the corresponding side of the fixed frame 2 to swing the lower end of the side plate 2502 downward. Two second swing limit blocks 2524 are provided on the fixed frame 2 to limit the swing amplitude of the side plate 2502. Two rollers 2503 are installed on the side plate 2502. Two transmission rollers 2504 are equipped with a transmission belt 2505. The transmission belt 2505 has evenly distributed convex strips 2506 parallel to the roller shaft 2503. The roller shaft 2503 is connected to a motor 2507 on a side plate 2502. A shovel plate 2508 is installed at the lower end of the side plate 2502. A soil storage box 2510 is connected to the side plate 2502 via a second bracket 2509. The soil storage box 2510 is located above the front or rear side of the film-cutting mechanism 34. The upper side wall of the soil storage box 2510 is provided with a groove for dropping material from the upper end of the transmission belt 2505. The soil is guided to the first guide groove 2511 of the soil storage box 2510. The bottom of the soil storage box 2510 is hinged to a bottom cover 2512 by two hinge pins parallel to the axis of the support wheel 19. The bottom cover 2512 is fixed to the hinge pins. Side rods 2513 and a first lever 2517 are respectively installed on the hinge pins on both sides of the bottom cover 2512. A first spring 2516 and a damper 2514 are connected between the side rods 2513 and the side wall of the soil storage box 2510. A second lever 2520 is correspondingly matched with the first lever 2517. The second lever 2520 is mounted on the traction frame 10. The third bracket 2518 is hinged, and a spiral spring 2521 is connected between the second lever 2520 and the third bracket 2518. The third bracket 2518 is provided with a first limiting block 2522 that cooperates with the second lever 2520. The two ends of the damper 2514 are respectively hinged to the side rod 2513 and the side wall of the soil storage box 2510. The two ends of the first spring 2516 are respectively connected to the first rotating sleeve 2515 hinged on the side rod 2513 and the soil storage box 2510. The two ends of the second spring 2523 are respectively connected to the first rotating sleeve 2515 hinged on the vertical rod 3 and the side plate 2502.

[0035] like Figure 7 , 8As shown, the sowing mechanism 31 includes a second sliding sleeve 3101, which is sleeved on a first crossbar 4 at the tail of the fixed frame 2. A telescopic rod 3108 is hinged between the second sliding sleeve 3101 and the corresponding first sliding sleeve 2001. Two third rotating seats 3110 are provided on the second sliding sleeve 3101. A second rotating shaft 3102, parallel to the axis of the second pressing roller 2007, is provided within each of the two third rotating seats 3110. The second rotating shaft 3102 can rotate circumferentially and slide axially within the third rotating seats 3110. The second rotating shaft 3102 is rotatably connected to a second rotating seat 3109 on the first crossbar 4. Two slip rings 3111 are slidably arranged on the second rotating shaft 3102. 11 is located on both sides of the two No. 3 rotating seats 3110 and in contact with the No. 3 rotating seats 3110. The inner wall of the slip ring 3111 has two guide bars 3112. The guide bars 3112 slide in the No. 2 guide groove 3113 on the No. 2 rotating shaft 3102. The two slip rings 3111 are connected to the No. 4 bracket 3103. The No. 4 bracket 3104 is installed in the No. 4 bracket 3103, which is opposite to the front and rear of the corresponding No. 3 scraper 2022. The tail of the No. 4 bracket 3103 is hinged to the No. 5 bracket 3106. The movable end of the No. 5 bracket 3106 is provided with pressure rollers 3107 corresponding to the front and rear of the No. 5 bracket 3104. The No. 4 bracket 3103 is provided with a No. 2 limiting rod 3105 to limit the swing amplitude of the No. 5 bracket 3106.

[0036] like Figure 24-28As shown, the membrane breaking mechanism 34 includes a third crossbar 3401. Two symmetrically distributed sleeves 3403 are installed at both ends of the third crossbar 3401. An inner rod 3404 slides vertically within each sleeve 3403. A third spring 3405 is installed inside each sleeve 3403 to reset the inner rod 3404. The lower end of the inner rod 3404 has a clamping ring. Negative pressure pipes 3407, connected to a negative pressure pump, are installed in the two clamping rings. Suction suction points are evenly distributed at the bottom of the negative pressure pipes 3407. A vent 3408 is provided. A fourth spring 3409 is fitted onto the negative pressure pipe 3407. Both ends of the fourth spring 3409 are connected to two clamps. Two symmetrical guide rods 3402 are installed on the third crossbar 3401. The guide rods 3402 are slidably positioned within the first guide sleeve 5 on the fixed frame 2. A third rack 3419 is installed on the third crossbar 3401. The third rack 3419 meshes with a fifth gear 3420 installed on the first crossbar 4. Gear 3421 on the shaft of gear 3420 meshes with gear 3422 on crossbar 4. Gear 3422 meshes with gear 3423 on shaft 3102. Crossbar 3401 is connected to crossbar 3415 via right-angle bar 3414. Two tie rods 3416 are symmetrically hinged at both ends of crossbar 3415. A pneumatic rod 3418 is hinged between the tie rods 3416 and crossbar 3415. An electric heating wire 3417 is connected between the lower ends of the pull rod 3416. The electric heating wire 3417 is located behind the negative pressure tube 3407. The two inner rods 3404 are connected by a fourth crossbar 3406. The fourth crossbar 3406 is connected to the plate base 3411 by a first right-angle rod 3410. The plate base 3411 is located in front of the negative pressure tube 3407. Pins 3412 are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the plate base 3411. The pins 3412 are provided with barbs 3413. The ratio of the pitch circle diameter of the sixth gear 3421 to that of the fifth gear 3420 is less than 1. The seventh gear 3422 meshes with the eighth gear 3423 on the second rotating shaft 3102. The transmission ratio of the eighth gear 3423 to the sixth gear 3421 is less than 1. This ensures that the film-cutting mechanism 34 is at a large distance from the ground when it is working on the ground under the film covering mechanism 20 and the seeding mechanism 31, without affecting the movement of the invention. At the same time, it ensures that the film-cutting mechanism 34 can quickly cut the film 29 when it is off the ground on the film covering mechanism 20 and the seeding mechanism 31.

[0037] like Figure 7 , 8As shown, the traction mechanism 30 includes a third support 3002 and a fourth support 3007. The third support 3002 and the fourth support 3007 are respectively installed on the first sliding sleeve 2001 and the second sliding sleeve 3101. The fourth support 3007 is equipped with a first pulley 3005 and a second pulley 3006. A steel wire rope 3004 is wound in an S-shape on the first pulley 3005 and the second pulley 3006. A second rotating sleeve 3003 is installed at both ends of the steel wire rope 3004. The two second rotating sleeves 3003 are respectively rotatably mounted on the fourth bracket 3103 and the third support 3002.

[0038] The operation process of this invention is as follows: In the initial state, the soil storage boxes 2510 of the two soil covering mechanisms 25 are filled with a certain amount of soil. The lower end shovels 2508 of the two conveyor belts 2505 are detached from the ground and have a certain distance from the ground. The two side plates 2502 are abutting against the corresponding rear limit blocks 2524 on the fixed frame 2. The two second springs 2523 are in a stretched state. The bottom cover 2512 of the bottom of the two soil storage boxes 2510 is in a closed state under the pull of the corresponding first spring 2516. The two dampers 2514 are in the extreme state. In the initial state, the movable end of the traction frame 10 is swung to its highest position, and the two second levers 2520 on the third support 2518 are both located above the first lever 2517 on the side wall of the corresponding soil storage box 2510. The two second levers 2522 are both abutting against the corresponding first limit block 2522, and the two spiral springs 2521 are both in a compressed state. The two covering mechanisms 20 and the two sowing mechanisms 31 are both in an upward tilted state and detached from the ground. The steel wire ropes 3004 in the two pulling mechanisms 30 are both in a taut state.

[0039] In the initial state, the two swing arms 2012 in the film covering mechanism 20 abut against the corresponding first limit rod 2016 to ensure that the roller 2014 can swing adaptively when it reaches the ground surface without interfering with the fall of the traction frame 10.

[0040] In the initial state, the fifth bracket 3106 in the sowing mechanism 31 abuts against the second limiting rod 3105 on the corresponding fourth bracket 3103 to ensure that the pressure roller 3107 will not press against the seeder 3104 and cause damage to the seeder 3104, and the film cutting mechanism 34 detaches from the ground and is a certain distance away from the ground.

[0041] In the initial state, the negative pressure tube 3407 in the membrane breaking mechanism 34 is in a straight state under the action of the fourth spring 3409, the fourth spring 3409 is in a stretched state, and there is a certain distance between the pin 3412, the negative pressure tube 3407 and the electric heating wire 3417 and the ground surface.

[0042] In the initial state, the guide plate 2102 and the shovel head 2103 on the guide plate 2102 in the leveling mechanism 21 are detached from the ground and are at a large distance from the ground.

[0043] When using this invention for film covering and sowing, first adjust the lateral spacing between the two film covering mechanisms 20 and the lateral spacing between the two sowing mechanisms 31 according to the width of the film roll 28 used. The adjustment process is as follows: First, loosen the bolts 33 on the two first sliding sleeves 2001, then push the two first sliding sleeves 2001 to slide towards or away from each other on the second crossbar 11 of the traction frame 10 by a certain distance. During the sliding process, the two first sliding sleeves 2001 will drive the second gear 2105 on the second crossbar 11 to rotate through the corresponding first rack 2002, ensuring that the sliding distance of the two first sliding sleeves 2001 on the second crossbar 11 is equal. The two first sliding sleeves 2001 drive the corresponding second sliding sleeves 3101 to slide synchronously through the corresponding telescopic rods 3108. The two second sliding sleeves 3101 follow the first sliding sleeves 2001 to move synchronously, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the two covering mechanisms 20 and the two sowing mechanisms 31. The pulling mechanism 30 connecting the sowing mechanism 31 and the covering mechanism 20 moves synchronously with the sowing mechanism 31 or the covering mechanism 20. During the movement of the two sowing mechanisms 31 towards or away from each other, the fourth support 3103 and the second sliding sleeve 3101 in the sowing mechanism 31 slide axially with the second rotating shaft 3102. The equidistant movement of the two covering mechanisms 20 and the two sowing mechanisms 31 towards or away from each other ensures that the two covering mechanisms 20 and the two sowing mechanisms 31 always maintain a state of left-right symmetry.

[0044] After the spacing between the two film covering mechanisms 20 and the two seeding mechanisms 31 is adjusted, tighten the bolts 33 on the two first sliding sleeves 2001 to lock the first sliding sleeves 2001. At this time, the spacing between the seeders 3104 in the two seeding mechanisms 31 matches the width of the mulch film 29 on the film roll 28. The spacing between the two rollers 2014, the spacing between the two first scraper blades 2011, the spacing between the two second film pressing rollers 2007, the spacing between the two second scraper blades 2019, the spacing between the two third scraper blades 2022, and the spacing between the two slots 2005 in the two film covering mechanisms 20 all match the width of the mulch film 29 on the film roll 28.

[0045] After the spacing between the two covering mechanisms 20 is adjusted, the height of the two No. 1 scraper blades 2011 is adjusted up and down according to the amount of soil to be covered on both sides of the mulch film 29 as needed. The height of the two No. 2 scraper blades 2019 is adjusted up and down according to the corresponding trench depth required for covering the soil on both sides of the mulch film 29. The height of the two No. 3 scraper blades 2022 is adjusted up and down according to the dryness of the soil surface.

[0046] After the two film covering mechanisms 20 are adjusted, the film roll 28 is installed on the two film covering mechanisms 20 by inserting the film roll shaft 26 into the two slots 2005. Nuts 27 are threaded to both ends of the film roll shaft 26. The winding disc 23 with the film drip tube 24 is installed on the first support 6 through the disc shaft 22 in the slot 7 on the first support 6. Then, the mulch film 29 is pulled out from the film roll 28. The mulch film drives the film roll 28 to rotate. After the mulch film 29 passes over the two first pressing rollers 17 and the two second pressing rollers 18, the film roll 29 rotates. After the membrane roller 2007 and the two rollers 2014 are connected, the free end of the mulch film 29 is attached to the negative pressure tube 3407 in the film cutting mechanism 34 and detached from the ground. At the same time, the free end of the film drip tube 24 is pulled from under the mulch film 29 to the film cutting mechanism 34 through the guide sleeve 14. Then, the film drip tube 24 and the free end of the mulch film 29 are inserted into the pin 3412 of the film cutting mechanism 34. The barbs 3413 on the pin 3412 can ensure that the film drip tube 24 will not fall off and keep the film drip tube 24 detached from the ground.

[0047] Then, the present invention uses GPS signal positioning to measure the area of ​​the cultivated land and performs autonomous operation according to the actual cultivated area. The tracked vehicle head 1 starts and drives the fixed frame 2 to the destination. The two support wheels 19 at the rear end of the fixed frame 2 provide support for the fixed frame 2 during the movement of the fixed frame 2.

[0048] After the film-cutting mechanism 34 reaches the beginning of the ridge, the hydraulic cylinder 13 extends, driving the traction frame 10 to swing down. The two traction frames 10 then drive the two film-covering mechanisms 20 to swing down to the ground surface. The first scraper 2011, the second scraper 2019, and the third scraper 2022 in the film-covering mechanism 20 are inserted into the surface soil to a certain depth. The two second-stage pressing rollers 2007 press the two sides of the film 29 against the ground surface on both sides of the ridge, and the two rollers 2014 press the middle part of the film 29 against the ground surface in the middle of the ridge. The swing arms 2012 on both sides of the two rollers 2014 disengage from the first limiting rod 2016. The fourth support 3103 in the two sowing mechanisms 31 swings down to the ground along with the downward swing of the two film covering mechanisms 20 and the loosening of the wire rope 3004 due to the downward swing of the film covering mechanism 20. The second rotating shaft 3102 rotates under the drive of the fourth support 3103. The sowing nozzles of the two seeders 3104 in the sowing mechanism 31 are inserted into the soil. The two pressure rollers 3107 press against the ground and disengage from the second limiting rod 3105.

[0049] During the downward swing of the sowing mechanism 31, the second rotating shaft 3102 drives the entire film-cutting mechanism 34 upward through the eighth gear 3423, the seventh gear 3422, the sixth gear 3421, the fifth gear 3420, and the third rack 3419. The film-cutting mechanism 34 drives the free ends of the film dripping pipe 24 and the mulch film 29 to move synchronously. The second lever 2520, located in front of the film-cutting mechanism 34, under the action of the corresponding first limiting block 2522, drives the bottom cover 2512 of the soil storage box 2510 in front of the film-cutting mechanism 34 to open quickly through the first lever 2517. The soil storage box 2510 with the bottom cover 2512 open. The first spring 2516 on the side wall is stretched, and the damper 2514 is stretched quickly. When the second lever 2520 disengages from the first lever 2517, the bottom cover 2512 closes under the reset action of the first spring 2516. However, due to the presence of the damper 2514, the bottom cover 2512 closes slowly and does not quickly close the soil storage box 2510. The soil in the soil storage box 2510 flows through the open bottom to the front of the membrane cutting mechanism 34 and covers the free ends of the mulch film 29 and the film dripping pipe 24 onto the ground surface. Under the pressure of the soil, the mulch film 29 and the film dripping pipe 24 are forcibly detached from the insertion pin 3412 and the negative pressure pipe 3407. The bottom cover 2512 at the bottom of the soil storage box 2510 closes slowly after the soil inside is completely discharged due to the combined action of the spring and the damper 2514. The end of the shovel plate 2508 of the soil covering mechanism 25, where the soil storage box 2510 is located, swings down to the ground surface under the action of the second spring 2523, and the side plate 2502 of the soil covering mechanism 25 is swung from one second limiting block 2524 to another second limiting block 2524.

[0050] At the same time, the second lever 2520 located behind the membrane breaking mechanism 34 swings upward under the action of the corresponding first lever 2517 and disengages from the corresponding first limit block 2522. The corresponding spiral spring 2521 is compressed and stores energy. The corresponding bottom cover 2512 is restricted from swinging upward and remains closed to the bottom of the soil storage box 2510, so the soil in the soil storage box 2510 will not be discharged.

[0051] During the downward swing of the traction frame 10, the traction frame 10 drives the two second sprockets 2109 to rotate. The two second sprockets 2109 drive the guide arc plate 2102 to move vertically downward to the ground surface through the corresponding chain 2108, first sprocket 2107, third gear 2106, second gear 2105, first gear 2104, and second rack 2101 respectively. The shovel head 2103 in the middle of the guide arc plate 2102 is inserted into the soil.

[0052] Next, the tracked vehicle head 1 drives the fixed frame 2 to move forward. The fixed frame 2 drives the leveling mechanism 21, the film covering mechanism 20, the soil covering mechanism 25 and the seeding mechanism 31 to move forward synchronously. At the same time, the motors 2507 in the two soil covering mechanisms 25 are started, and the two motors 2507 drive the corresponding conveyor belts 2505 to run.

[0053] As the tracked vehicle head 1 drives the leveling mechanism 21, the mulching mechanism 20, the soil covering mechanism 25, and the seeding mechanism 31 to move forward synchronously, the shovel head 2103 in the leveling mechanism 21, which is located at the front, digs out a water storage trench at the middle position of the ground surface to be covered by the mulch film 29. The herringbone guide plate 2102 of the leveling mechanism 21 levels the ground surface and guides the excess soil to the lower shovel plate 2508 of the two conveyor belts 2505 of the two soil covering mechanisms 25 to avoid soil accumulation.

[0054] The shovel 2508 located on the ground guides the soil from the guide arc plate 2102 or the soil on the ground to the conveyor belt 2505. The protrusions 2506 on the conveyor belt 2505 carry the soil to the top. The soil that reaches the top falls into the corresponding first guide groove 2511 under its own weight as the conveyor belt 2505 moves. The soil falling into the first guide groove 2511 falls into the soil storage box 2510 under the guidance of the first guide groove 2511. When the soil in the soil storage box 2510 reaches a certain weight, the torque generated by the soil storage box 2510 will overcome the torque generated by the second spring 2523. The soil storage box 2510 swings down to the limit position around the corresponding first pivot 2501, and the first lever 2517 at the bottom of the soil storage box 2510 is above the corresponding second lever 2520 and does not interact with the second lever 2520.

[0055] Because the free ends of the mulch film 29 and the dripping pipe 24 are covered by soil and the two sides of the mulch film 29 are pressed by two No. 2 pressing rollers 2007, the film roll 28 and the winding disc 23 rotate and release the mulch film 29 and the dripping pipe 24 under the pull of the mulch film 29 and the dripping pipe 24, respectively. The two No. 2 scraper blades 2019 in front of the film roll 28 shovel out trenches on the path that the two No. 2 pressing rollers 2007 are about to pass through, so that the sides of the mulch film 29 can be covered with soil in a concave state. The two No. 3 scraper blades 2022 in front of the film roll 28 remove the surface dry soil on the path that the two seeders 3104 are about to pass through, so that the seeds entering the soil from the seeders 3104 have a better moisture environment. Simultaneously, two No. 1 scraper blades 2011, located behind the two No. 2 pressing rollers 2007, scoop soil from both sides of the plastic film 29, covering the edges of the plastic film 29 and pushing the soil into the outer ports of the two rollers 2014. As the two rollers 2014 rotate, the spiral blades 2015 inside them transport the soil to the top of the middle of the plastic film 29, thus pressing the middle of the plastic film 29. Under the pressure of the soil inside the rollers 2014, the middle of the plastic film 29 and the drip pipe 24 are pressed into the water storage trench dug by the shovel head 2103, so that the plastic film... After the middle part of the film 29 is laid, it forms a depression to facilitate the accumulation of rainwater, and the film drip pipe 24 will not move laterally but will continue to drip irrigation from the middle position to both sides. Before the middle part of the film 29 is covered by the soil inside the roller 2014, the two No. 1 film pressing rollers 17 located in front of the two rollers 2014 rotate. The protrusions 18 on the No. 1 film pressing roller 17 evenly pierce the water leakage holes in the middle part of the film 29. After the water leakage holes are pierced, the middle part of the film 29 is covered by the soil coming out from the roller 2014. The water leakage holes facilitate the rainwater to enter the water storage ditch and seep into the soil under the film 29.

[0056] After the seeder 3104 in the two seeding mechanisms 31 completes the covering of soil in the middle and both sides of the mulch film 29, it punctures the mulch film 29 and completes the sowing in the wet soil area scraped by the No. 3 scraper 2022. After the seeder 3104 completes the sowing, the two pressure rollers 3107 in the seeding mechanism 31 moderately compact the soil where the seeds are located.

[0057] When the invention reaches the end of the furrow, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is activated to drive the traction frame 10 to swing upward to its limit. The traction frame 10 drives the two soil covering mechanisms 25 to simultaneously lift off the ground. The two soil covering mechanisms 25, through their respective pulling mechanisms 30, drive the fourth support 3103 of the two sowing mechanisms 31 to lift off the ground around the second rotating shaft 3102. The guide arc plate 2102 and the shovel head 2103 in the leveling mechanism 21 move vertically upward to their limit and lift off the ground under the drive of the traction frame 10. At the same time, the second rotating shaft 3102 in the sowing mechanism 31 drives the third horizontal bar 3401, the fourth horizontal bar 3406, and the fifth horizontal bar 3415 to move downward to their limit through a series of transmissions. After the electric heating wire 3417 reaches the ground, it presses against the ground. When the membrane 29 and the dripping tube 24 are cut, the lower ends of the pull rods 3416 at both ends of the electric heating wire 3417 swing inward and compress the pneumatic rod, so that the electric heating wire 3417 can adapt to the ridge and complete the complete cutting of the membrane 29 and the dripping tube 24. At the same time, the negative pressure tube 3407 adapts to the ridge and bends appropriately, adsorbing the cut head of the membrane 29. The fourth spring 3409 deforms accordingly. Under the pressure of the ground, the two inner rods 3404 retract into the corresponding rod sleeves 3403 and compress the third spring 3405. The pin 3412 on the plate base 3411 passes through the membrane 29 and pierces the cut head of the dripping tube 24. Because the pin 3412 has barbs 3413, the dripping tube 24 will not easily detach.

[0058] During the cutting of the plastic film 29 and the drip pipe 24 by the electric heating wire 3417, the No. 3 support 2518 connected to the traction frame 10 drives the two No. 2 levers 2520 to swing upwards to their extreme positions simultaneously. During the upward swing of the No. 3 support 2518, the No. 2 lever 2520 in front of the film cutting mechanism 34 swings downwards under the action of the No. 1 lever 2517 at the bottom of the corresponding soil storage box 2510, giving way and disengaging from the corresponding No. 1 swing limit block 2522. The corresponding spiral spring 2521 is compressed, and the bottom cover 2512 at the bottom of the soil storage box 2510 in front of the film cutting mechanism 34 is restricted from swinging and keeps the soil storage box 2510 closed. When the No. 2 lever 2520 disengages from the No. 1 lever 2517, it swings back to its original position under the action of the spiral spring 2521. Meanwhile, the No. 2 lever 2520 behind the film cutting mechanism 34 swings downwards under the action of the corresponding No. 1 swing limit block 2522. Without any downward movement, the second lever 2520 behind the film-cutting mechanism 34 drives the bottom cover 2512 of the corresponding soil storage box 2510 to swing downward and open via the corresponding first lever 2517. During the opening process, the bottom cover 2512 of the soil storage box 2510 behind the film-cutting mechanism 34 causes the corresponding first spring 2516 and damper 2514 to stretch. After the first lever 2517 disengages from the second lever 2520, the bottom cover 2512 of the soil storage box 2510 slowly closes under the combined action of the damper 2514 and the first spring 2516. The soil in the soil storage box 2510 quickly falls to the rear of the film-cutting mechanism 34 and covers the cut head of the mulch film 29 that has been laid on the ridge. After the soil in the soil storage box 2510 is completely discharged, the bottom cover 2512 closes under the action of the first spring 2516.

[0059] When the bottom cover 2512 of the two soil storage boxes 2510 is opened, it will guide the soil falling in the soil storage box 2510 away from the film cutting mechanism 34, so as to ensure that the soil falling in the soil storage box 2510 will not bury the film cutting mechanism 34 and affect the film cutting mechanism 34 to cut the mulch film 29 and the film drip pipe 24.

[0060] After the soil in the soil storage box 2510 behind the membrane cutting mechanism 34 is completely discharged, the end of the shovel plate 2508 of the conveyor belt 2505 of the corresponding soil covering mechanism 25 swings down to the ground surface under the action of the corresponding second spring 2523.

[0061] Then, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is activated to drive the traction frame 10 to swing down to the initial height position above the ground, and both second levers 2520 are located above the corresponding first lever 2517. The traction frame 10 drives the film cutting mechanism 34 to move upward to the initial height position above the ground through the film covering mechanism 20, the pulling mechanism 30 and the sowing mechanism 31. The negative pressure pipe 3407 adsorbs and lifts the cut head of the film 29 above the ground, while the pin 3412 on the plate base 3411 lifts the film dripping pipe 24 above the ground.

[0062] Next, the invention moves to the next adjacent ridge and completes the cutting of the mulch film 29 and the film drip pipe 24. The head is located at the beginning of the ridge, with the tracked vehicle head 1 in front and the fixed frame 2 behind. During the ridge changing process of the invention, the shovel plate 2508 in the soil covering mechanism 25, which covers the soil behind the film cutting mechanism 34, guides the soil onto the corresponding conveyor belt 2505. The conveyor belt 2505 transports the soil to the corresponding first guide trough 2511 and finally into the soil storage box 2510. When the soil in the soil storage box 2510 reaches the required amount, the soil storage box 2510 will overcome the elastic force of the corresponding first spring 2516 and swing down around the first rotating shaft 2501 to the initial height position. Afterward, the spring is further stretched to store energy.

[0063] Repeat the above process to sow seeds in the second row of ridges, and repeat this process to complete the sowing of seeds in the entire plot of land.

Claims

1. A multi-functional film-mulching seeder, comprising a tracked vehicle head (1), wherein a fixed frame (2) is fixedly mounted at the rear of the tracked vehicle head (1), and two support wheels (19) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the rear of the fixed frame (2), and a traction frame (10) that swings up and down at the rear end under the drive of a hydraulic cylinder (13) is hinged at the middle of the fixed frame (2), characterized in that, Two symmetrical film covering mechanisms (20) are installed on the second crossbar (11) at the movable end of the traction frame (10). The two film covering mechanisms (20) are used to lay the mulch film (29) on the ground surface and cover the two sides and the middle of the mulch film (29) with soil. A first support leg (15) is set in the middle of the second crossbar (11). Two first pressing rollers (17) that contact the mulch film (29) are rotatably set at the lower end of the first support leg (15). Several protrusions (18) are arranged circumferentially on the rim of the first pressing roller (17). Two sowing mechanisms are installed on the first crossbar (4) at the tail of the fixed frame (2). (31) The two sowing mechanisms (31) correspond one-to-one with the front covering mechanism (20). The covering mechanism (20) is connected to the corresponding sowing mechanism (31) through the pulling mechanism (30). The two sowing mechanisms (31) are used to puncture the mulch film (29) on both sides for sowing. A winding disc (23) is rotatably arranged above the fixing frame (2). A film dripping tube (24) is wound on the winding disc (23). The movable end of the film dripping tube (24) is located below the middle of the mulch film (29) under the guidance of the guide sleeve (14). A film cutting mechanism (34) is installed on the fixing frame (2). The film-cutting mechanism (34) is located between the film-covering mechanism (20) and the sowing mechanism (31). The film-cutting mechanism (34) is used to cut the mulch film (29) and the film dripping pipe (24) and lifts the cut ends of the mulch film (29) and the film dripping pipe (24) off the ground after cutting the mulch film (29) and the film dripping pipe (24). Two soil-covering mechanisms (25) are installed on the fixing frame (2). The two soil-covering mechanisms (25) respectively take soil from both sides of the fixing frame (2) and store the soil above the front and rear sides of the film-cutting mechanism (34). The soil above the rear side of the film-cutting mechanism (34) is above the film-cutting mechanism (31). 4) When the mulch film (29) and the film drip pipe (24) are cut, they are triggered to fall. The soil above the front side of the film cutting mechanism (34) is triggered to fall after the traction frame (10) drives the film covering mechanism (20) to swing down to the ground. The front end of the fixed frame (2) is provided with a leveling mechanism (21). The leveling mechanism (21) is used to level the ground surface before laying the mulch film (29) and open a water storage ditch on the ground surface corresponding to the middle of the mulch film (29). The leveling mechanism (21), the two soil covering mechanisms (25), the two seeding mechanisms (31) and the film cutting mechanism (34) are all mechanically linked with the traction frame (10) driven by the hydraulic cylinder (13). The film covering mechanism (20) includes a first sliding sleeve (2001), which is fitted onto a second crossbar (11). A bolt (33) is threaded into the threaded hole on the wall of the first sliding sleeve (2001). A first bracket (2004) is mounted on the first sliding sleeve (2001), and a slot (2005) for mounting a film roll (28) is provided on the first bracket (2004). A second pressing roller (2007) is mounted on the side end of the first sliding sleeve (2001) via a second support leg (2006), which contacts the corresponding edge of the mulch film (29). The guide sleeve (2008) is equipped with a No. 4 guide sleeve (2008), and a No. 3 support leg (2009) is installed inside the No. 4 guide sleeve (2008). The lower end of the No. 3 support leg (2009) is connected to a No. 1 scraper plate (2011) through a special-shaped connecting rod (2010). The No. 1 scraper plate (2011) is used to cover the corresponding side edge of the mulch film (29) from the rear outside of the No. 2 pressing roller (2007). A bolt (33) is threaded into the threaded hole on the wall of the No. 4 guide sleeve (2008). Two swing rods (2012) are hinged on the No. 1 sliding sleeve (2001). The No. 1 sliding sleeve (2001) is provided with a connection to the swing rods (2012). 12) The first limiting rod (2016) is matched with the movable ends of the two swing rods (2012) which are rotatably connected to the Y-frames (2013) at both ends of the roller (2014). The roller (2014) is laterally opposite to the first scraper blade (2011). Three coaxial spiral blades (2015) are arranged in the inner circumference of the roller (2014). The fifth guide sleeve (2017) and the sixth guide sleeve (2020) are installed on the first bracket (2004). The fourth support leg (2018) is installed in the fifth guide sleeve (2017). The second scraper blade (2019) is installed at the lower end of the fourth support leg (2018). The fifth guide sleeve (2017) has a bolt (33) threaded in the wall threaded hole. The second scraper (2019) is located in front of the slot (2005) and is opposite to the second pressing roller (2007). The sixth guide sleeve (2020) has a fifth support leg (2021) installed inside. The lower end of the fifth support leg (2021) has a third scraper (2022) installed. The sixth guide sleeve (2020) has a bolt (33) threaded in the wall threaded hole. The third scraper (2022) is located inside the second scraper (2019) and is opposite to the corresponding side sowing mechanism (31).

2. The multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rack (2002) is installed on the first sliding sleeve (2001). The rack (2002) meshes with the fourth gear (32) on the second crossbar (11). The rack (2002) slides in the third guide sleeve (2003) on the adjacent first sliding sleeve (2001).

3. The multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling mechanism (21) includes a herringbone-shaped guide plate (2102). A shovel head (2103) is located on the lower middle side of the guide plate (2102). Two symmetrically distributed second racks (2101) are fixedly mounted on the rear side of the guide plate (2102). The second racks (2101) slide vertically within the second guide sleeve (8) at the front end of the fixed frame (2) and mesh with the first gear (2104) on the fixed frame (2). The second gear (2105) on the shaft where the first gear (2104) is located meshes with the third gear (2106) on the fixed frame (2). The first sprocket (2107) on the shaft where the third gear (2106) is located is connected to the second sprocket (2109) fixed on the traction frame (10) via the chain (2108). The second sprocket (2109) is coaxial with the hinge shaft of the traction frame (10) and the fixed frame (2). The pitch circle diameter of the first gear (2104) is greater than that of the second gear (2105). The transmission ratio between the second gear (2105) and the third gear (2106) is greater than 1. The pitch circle diameter of the first sprocket (2107) is smaller than that of the second sprocket (2109).

4. The multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder (13) are respectively hinged to the second support (12) on the fixed frame (2) and the traction frame (10). The hinge point of the hydraulic cylinder (13) and the fixed frame (2) is located in front of the hinge point of the traction frame (10) and the fixed frame (2). The winding disc (23) is installed on the disc shaft (22). The disc shaft (22) is installed in the slot (7) on the first support (6). The first support (6) is fixed on the fixed frame (2). The membrane roll (28) is installed on the membrane roll shaft (26). The two ends of the membrane roll shaft (26) are inserted into the slots (2005) of the two film covering mechanisms (20). The two ends of the membrane roll shaft (26) are threaded with nuts (27). The nuts (27) are used to position the membrane roll shaft (26).

5. A multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering mechanism (25) includes a first rotating shaft (2501), which is parallel to the axis of the support wheel (19). The first rotating shaft (2501) is rotatably mounted in a first rotating seat (9) on one side of the fixed frame (2). A long strip-shaped side plate (2502) is installed on the first rotating shaft (2501). A second spring (2523) is connected between the side plate (2502) and the vertical rod (3) on the corresponding side of the fixed frame (2) to make the lower end of the side plate (2502) swing down. Two second springs (2523) are provided on the fixed frame (2) to limit the swing amplitude of the side plate (2502). The side plate (2502) has two transmission rollers (2504) mounted on it via roller shafts (2503). A transmission belt (2505) is mounted on each of the two transmission rollers (2504). The transmission belt (2505) has evenly spaced convex strips (2506) parallel to the roller shafts (2503). The roller shafts (2503) are connected to a motor (2507) on the side plate (2502). A shovel plate (2508) is mounted on the lower end of the side plate (2502). A soil storage box is connected to the side plate (2502) via a second bracket (2509). 2510), the soil storage box (2510) is located above the front or rear side of the membrane breaking mechanism (34). The upper side wall of the soil storage box (2510) is provided with a first guide groove (2511) to guide the soil falling from the upper end of the conveyor belt (2505) to the soil storage box (2510). The bottom of the soil storage box (2510) is hinged to a bottom cover (2512) by two hinge pins parallel to the axis of the support wheel (19). The bottom cover (2512) is fixed to the hinge pins. Side rods (2513) and a first lever (2514) are fixed on the hinge pins on both sides of the bottom cover (2512). 2517), the side rod (2513) and the side wall of the soil storage box (2510) are connected by a first spring (2516) and a damper (2514), the first lever (2517) is correspondingly matched with a second lever (2520), the second lever (2520) is hinged to a third bracket (2518) installed on the traction frame (10), the second lever (2520) and the third bracket (2518) are connected by a spiral spring (2521), and the third bracket (2518) is provided with a first limit block (2522) that cooperates with the second lever (2520).

6. A multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the damper (2514) are respectively hinged to the side rod (2513) and the side wall of the soil storage box (2510). The two ends of the first spring (2516) are respectively connected to the first rotating sleeve (2515) hinged on the side rod (2513) and the soil storage box (2510). The two ends of the second spring (2523) are respectively connected to the first rotating sleeve (2515) hinged on the vertical rod (3) and the side plate (2502).

7. A multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing mechanism (31) includes a second sliding sleeve (3101), which is sleeved on a first crossbar (4) at the tail of the fixed frame (2). A telescopic rod (3108) is hinged between the second sliding sleeve (3101) and the corresponding first sliding sleeve (2001). Two third rotating seats (3110) are provided on the second sliding sleeve (3101). A second rotating shaft (3102) parallel to the axis of the second pressing roller (2007) is provided in the two third rotating seats (3110). The second rotating shaft (3102) can rotate circumferentially and slide axially in the third rotating seat (3110). The second rotating shaft (3102) is rotatably connected to the second rotating seat (3109) on the first crossbar (4). Two slip rings (3111) are slidably provided on the second rotating shaft (3102). Located on both sides of the two No. 3 rotating seats (3110) and in contact with the No. 3 rotating seats (3110), the inner wall of the slip ring (3111) has two guide bars (3112), the guide bars (3112) slide in the No. 2 guide groove (3113) on the No. 2 rotating shaft (3102), the two slip rings (3111) are connected to the No. 4 bracket (3103), the No. 4 bracket (3104) is installed in the No. 4 bracket (3103) and is opposite to the front and back of the corresponding No. 3 scraper (2022), the No. 5 bracket (3106) is hinged to the tail of the No. 4 bracket (3103), the movable end of the No. 5 bracket (3106) is provided with pressure rollers (3107) corresponding to the front and back of the No. 5 bracket (3104), and the No. 4 bracket (3103) is provided with a No. 2 limiting rod (3105) to limit the swing amplitude of the No. 5 bracket (3106).

8. A multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that, The membrane breaking mechanism (34) includes a third crossbar (3401), with two symmetrically distributed sleeves (3403) installed at both ends of the third crossbar (3401). An inner rod (3404) slides vertically within each sleeve (3403), and a third spring (3405) is provided inside the sleeve (3403) to reset the inner rod (3404). The lower end of the inner rod (3404) has a hoop, and a negative pressure pipe (3407) connected to a negative pressure pump is installed in the two hoops. Suction holes (3408) are evenly opened at the bottom of the negative pressure pipe (3407), and a sleeve is fitted on the negative pressure pipe (3407). The device is equipped with a No. 4 spring (3409), the two ends of which are connected to two hoop rings respectively. Two symmetrical guide rods (3402) are installed on the No. 3 crossbar (3401). The guide rods (3402) are slidably disposed within the No. 1 guide sleeve (5) on the fixed frame (2). A No. 3 rack (3419) is installed on the No. 3 crossbar (3401), and the No. 3 rack (3419) meshes with the No. 5 gear (3420) installed on the No. 1 crossbar (4). The No. 6 gear (3421) on the shaft where the No. 5 gear (3420) is located meshes with the No. 7 gear on the No. 1 crossbar (4). 3422) meshing, the pitch circle diameter ratio of the sixth gear (3421) and the fifth gear (3420) is less than 1, the seventh gear (3422) meshes with the eighth gear (3423) on the second rotating shaft (3102), the transmission ratio of the eighth gear (3423) and the sixth gear (3421) is less than 1, the third crossbar (3401) is connected to the fifth crossbar (3415) through the second right-angle bar (3414), the two ends of the fifth crossbar (3415) are symmetrically hinged with two tie rods (3416), and the tie rods (3416) are hinged to the fifth crossbar (3415) with a pneumatic joint. The moving rod (3418) is connected to the lower ends of the two pull rods (3416) by an electric heating wire (3417). The electric heating wire (3417) is located behind the negative pressure tube (3407). The two inner rods (3404) are connected by a fourth crossbar (3406). The fourth crossbar (3406) is connected to the plate base (3411) by a first right-angle rod (3410). The plate base (3411) is located in front of the negative pressure tube (3407). The lower surface of the plate base (3411) is evenly provided with pins (3412). The pins (3412) are provided with barbs (3413).

9. A multifunctional film-mulching seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that, The traction mechanism (30) includes a third support (3002) and a fourth support (3007). The third support (3002) and the fourth support (3007) are respectively installed on the first sliding sleeve (2001) and the second sliding sleeve (3101). The fourth support (3007) is equipped with a first pulley (3005) and a second pulley (3006). The first pulley (3005) and the second pulley (3006) are wound with steel wire rope (3004) in an S-shape. The two ends of the steel wire rope (3004) are each equipped with a second rotating sleeve (3003). The two second rotating sleeves (3003) are respectively rotatably set on the fourth bracket (3103) and the third support (3002).

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