Tail gas adsorption device applied to chemical propulsion engine test

Abstract

The application provides a tail gas adsorption device applied to chemical propulsion engine testing, which comprises a main shell and a plurality of guide vanes, the main shell is in a cylindrical structure and is provided with an open end, the plurality of guide vanes are uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface of the main shell, the surface of the guide vane is provided with a molecular adsorption layer, and the molecular adsorption layer is coated on the surface of the guide vane by using an impregnated seed method. Therefore, the tail gas generated during ignition of the chemical propulsion engine can be absorbed when the chemical propulsion engine is tested in a vacuum environment, the pollution level of other areas in the vacuum container is reduced, and the vacuum degree of the container during ignition of the chemical propulsion engine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spacecraft engine testing technology, and in particular to an exhaust gas adsorption device for chemical propulsion engine testing. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical propulsion engines have advantages such as high specific impulse, high thrust, adjustable thrust, and high reliability. They are the most commonly used engines on spacecraft and are often used in processes such as spacecraft orbit transfer, attitude adjustment, landing on extraterrestrial bodies, and re-launch.

[0003] To verify and evaluate engine performance, engine testing in a vacuum environment is required. However, the exhaust gases produced by engine ignition pose the following hazards:

[0004] On the one hand, most chemical propulsion engines use highly toxic and corrosive oxidizers and propellants, such as nitrogen tetroxide and methylhydrazine. The plume of pollutants generated by engine ignition and combustion includes unburned oxidizers, propellants, and combustion intermediates. A considerable portion of the combustion intermediates still have certain toxicity and strong corrosivity. When engine testing is conducted in a vacuum environment, it can easily damage the test equipment. If the safety index of harmful gas monitoring values ​​is exceeded after the test, it will cause harm to the test personnel.

[0005] On the other hand, the exhaust gas generated by the chemical propulsion engine after ignition enters the test container, causing the back pressure inside the container to increase. Studies have shown that the increase in back pressure will compress the engine plume field, resulting in a significant difference between the engine plume morphology and the morphology under the on-orbit environment, and the test results have a large deviation.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an exhaust gas adsorption device that can be applied to the testing of chemical propulsion engines, so as to absorb the exhaust gas in the chemical propulsion engine during the test, ensure the vacuum degree of the container, improve the accuracy of the test, and reduce the impact on the test equipment and personal safety. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide an exhaust gas adsorption device for testing chemical propulsion engines, which can absorb exhaust gas during the test, ensure container vacuum, improve test accuracy, and reduce the impact on test equipment and personal safety.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an exhaust gas adsorption device for testing chemical propulsion engines, comprising a main housing and several guide vanes. The main housing has a cylindrical structure with one end open. The several guide vanes are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the main housing. A molecular adsorption layer is provided on the surface of the guide vanes, and the molecular adsorption layer is coated on the surface of the guide vanes by an impregnation seed crystal method.

[0009] Optionally, the main housing is a stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink, and the stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink is provided with liquid nitrogen pipelines for introducing liquid nitrogen to reduce the temperature of the main housing.

[0010] Optionally, the guide vane is made of copper.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of the guide vanes are evenly distributed along the axial and circumferential directions on the inner wall surface of the main housing, and the guide vanes are inclined along the airflow direction of the main housing.

[0012] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned guide vanes are evenly distributed in a fish-scale pattern.

[0013] Optionally, the molecular adsorption layer is formed by preparing a ZSM-5 transition layer on the surface of the flow guide plate after anodizing treatment via an impregnation seeding method and uniformly spraying it with a molecular sieve impregnation coating liquid containing inorganic adhesive.

[0014] The exhaust gas adsorption device for chemical propulsion engine testing described in this invention includes a main housing and several guide vanes. The main housing has a cylindrical structure with an open end. The guide vanes are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the main housing, and each guide vane has a molecular adsorption layer coated on its surface using an impregnation seeding method. Thus, this invention can collect engine exhaust gas through an inlet at one end of the main housing, allowing the exhaust gas to collide back and forth between the guide vanes after entering the main housing. This increases the distance the gas travels within the main housing, reducing the probability of gas molecule escape. Simultaneously, the molecular adsorption layer adsorbs the engine exhaust gas. This enables the absorption of exhaust gas generated during the ignition of a chemical propulsion engine during testing in a vacuum environment, reducing the contamination level in other areas of the vacuum container and improving the vacuum level of the container during engine ignition. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas adsorption device applied to the testing of a chemical propulsion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas adsorption device for chemical propulsion engine testing provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] It should be noted that references to "an embodiment," "embodiment," "example embodiment," etc., in this specification refer to the described embodiment including specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment must include these specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, such expressions do not refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when describing specific features, structures, or characteristics in conjunction with embodiments, whether or not explicitly described, it is indicated that incorporating such features, structures, or characteristics into other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0019] Furthermore, certain terms are used in the specification and subsequent claims to refer to specific components or parts. Those skilled in the art will understand that manufacturers may use different names or terms to refer to the same component or part. This specification and subsequent claims do not distinguish components or parts by differences in name, but rather by differences in function. The terms "comprising" and "including" used throughout the specification and subsequent claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "including but not limited to." Additionally, the term "connection" here includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means. Indirect electrical connection means include connections made through other means.

[0020] Figure 1 This invention illustrates an exhaust gas adsorption device for testing a chemical propulsion engine, comprising a main housing 10 and several guide vanes 20. The main housing 10 has a cylindrical structure with one end open. The guide vanes 20 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the main housing 10, and each guide vane 20 has a molecular adsorption layer on its surface, which is coated onto the surface of the guide vane 20 using an impregnation seeding method. In practice, the cylindrical main housing 10 faces the exhaust of the chemical propulsion engine under test, thereby collecting the exhaust gas generated by the engine during the test. After entering the main housing 10, the exhaust gas collides back and forth between the guide vanes 20, increasing the distance the gas travels within the main housing and reducing the probability of gas molecules escaping. Simultaneously, the molecular adsorption layer on the guide vanes 20 adsorbs the engine exhaust gas.

[0021] In practical applications, at least one exhaust gas adsorption device of this embodiment can be arranged at the rear of the chemical propulsion engine, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in a vacuum test environment, there are a first exhaust gas adsorption device and a second exhaust gas adsorption device. The first exhaust gas adsorption device faces directly in front of the propellant engine nozzle, and the second exhaust gas adsorption device is tilted at a certain angle with its opening facing the propellant engine nozzle. The exhaust gas generated by the propellant engine is adsorbed by the guide plate 20 inside the main shell 10 and the molecular adsorption layer on the surface of the guide plate, thereby improving the vacuum degree of the container during the propellant engine ignition test and reducing the pollution level in other areas of the vacuum container.

[0022] Of course, in other application examples, one or more exhaust gas adsorption devices can be arranged at the rear of the chemical propulsion engine. The distribution of multiple exhaust gas adsorption devices can be adjusted according to the actual application. Specifically, before the test begins, based on the engine flow field and the location of sensitive equipment, the relative position and angle between the exhaust gas adsorption device and the engine nozzle can be reasonably designed to adsorb the exhaust gas of the chemical propulsion engine with the maximum efficiency.

[0023] Specifically, the molecular adsorption layer is a porous material that allows a large number of pollutants to be adsorbed onto the molecular adsorption layer, thereby reducing the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0024] In this embodiment, the main housing 10 is a stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink. The stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink is equipped with a liquid nitrogen pipeline for introducing liquid nitrogen to lower the temperature of the main housing 10. Specifically, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the main housing 10 to reduce its temperature. As the temperature of the main housing 10 decreases, the temperature of the guide vanes 20 also decreases. Since the molecular adsorption layer on the guide vanes 20 has high molecular sieve adsorption efficiency at low temperatures, liquid nitrogen can be introduced to maximize the molecular sieve adsorption efficiency within the main housing 10 before a chemical propulsion engine test is performed to collect and adsorb engine exhaust gases. For example, in one specific embodiment, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink, and the test begins when the temperature of the stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink drops below -170 degrees Celsius.

[0025] Preferably, the flow guide 20 in this embodiment is made of copper. The low-temperature copper flow guide 20, when used in combination with a molecular sieve, can simultaneously adsorb condensable and non-condensable gases. Of course, in other examples, the flow guide 20 can also be made of other metal materials.

[0026] As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, several guide vanes 20 are evenly distributed along the axial and circumferential directions on the inner wall surface of the main housing 10, and the guide vanes 20 are inclined along the airflow direction of the main housing; that is, the guide vanes 20 are inclined at a certain angle towards the closed end of the main housing 10, so that the exhaust gas enters from the open end of the main housing 10 and enters the interior of the main housing 10 through the guiding effect of the guide vanes 20. At the same time, due to the inclined structure of the guide vanes 20, the exhaust gas is not easy to escape from the interior of the main housing 10. Furthermore, the several guide vanes 20 are evenly distributed in a fish scale pattern. After the engine exhaust gas enters the main housing 10, it collides back and forth between the guide vanes 20, increasing the movement distance of the gas within the main housing 10, thereby reducing the probability of gas molecules escaping.

[0027] In this embodiment, the molecular adsorption layer is formed by uniformly spraying a molecular sieve impregnation coating solution containing inorganic adhesive onto the surface of the anodized guide plate 20 after preparing a ZSM-5 transition layer via an impregnation seeding method. Specifically, after anodizing the surface of the guide plate 20, a ZSM-5 transition layer is prepared via an impregnation seeding method, and then the final molecular sieve adsorption layer is obtained by impregnation coating with a molecular sieve containing inorganic adhesive, and uniformly sprayed onto the guide plate 20, thereby achieving a tight bond between the molecular adsorption layer and the surface of the guide plate 20. Furthermore, to achieve better adsorption performance of the molecular adsorption layer, different types of porous materials can be selected to conduct adsorption performance tests on the vacuum venting of non-metallic materials for spacecraft. Based on the adsorption performance analysis of the adsorbent for different organic molecules, a suitable adsorbent is selected considering convenience, practicality, and economy. Then, the adsorption parameters of the selected material are verified to obtain data reflecting the adsorption performance of the adsorbent. Finally, the porous material is bonded to the surface of the guide plate 20 to form the molecular adsorption layer.

[0028] The exhaust gas adsorption device of this embodiment can also remove the adsorbate on the molecular adsorption layer by baking after the test, thereby restoring the adsorption function of the molecular adsorption layer and enabling reuse; for example, after the test, the main shell 10 is heated to 80 degrees Celsius, and the adsorption capacity of the molecular adsorption layer is restored after desorption by baking.

[0029] In summary, the exhaust gas adsorption device for chemical propulsion engine testing described in this invention includes a main housing and several guide vanes. The main housing has a cylindrical structure with one end open. The guide vanes are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the main housing, and a molecular adsorption layer is provided on the surface of each guide vane. The molecular adsorption layer is coated on the surface of the guide vane using an impregnation seeding method. Thus, this invention can collect engine exhaust gas through the air inlet at one end of the main housing, allowing the exhaust gas to collide back and forth between the guide vanes after entering the main housing. This increases the distance the gas travels within the main housing, reducing the probability of gas molecule escape. Simultaneously, the molecular adsorption layer adsorbs the engine exhaust gas. This achieves the absorption of exhaust gas generated during the ignition of a chemical propulsion engine during testing in a vacuum environment, reducing the contamination level in other areas of the vacuum container and improving the vacuum level of the container during the ignition of the chemical propulsion engine.

[0030] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tail gas adsorption device for use in chemical propulsion engine testing, characterized in that, The device includes a main shell and several guide vanes. The main shell has a cylindrical structure with an open end. The main shell is a stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink, and the stainless steel liquid nitrogen heat sink is equipped with a liquid nitrogen pipeline for introducing liquid nitrogen to reduce the temperature of the main shell. Several guide vanes are evenly distributed on the inner wall surface of the main shell. The guide vanes are made of copper material, and the surface of the guide vanes is provided with a molecular adsorption layer. The molecular adsorption layer is coated on the surface of the guide vanes by an impregnation seed crystal method. The molecular adsorption layer is prepared by preparing a ZSM-5 transition layer on the surface of the guide vanes after anodizing treatment by an impregnation seed crystal method and then uniformly spraying it with a molecular sieve impregnation coating liquid containing inorganic adhesive.

2. The exhaust gas adsorption device for chemical propulsion engine testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several of the guide vanes are evenly distributed along the axial and circumferential directions on the inner wall surface of the main housing, and the guide vanes are inclined along the airflow direction of the main housing.

3. The exhaust gas adsorption device for chemical propulsion engine testing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several of the aforementioned guide vanes are evenly distributed in a fish-scale pattern.

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